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The Orange Order is a Protestant fraternal organisation largely based in the province of Ulster, Ireland and in western Scotland but which has a worldwide membership. The Orange Order was founded in Loughgall, County Armagh, Ireland in 1795. Its members and supporters see it as a pious organisation, celebrating Protestant culture and identity. Its critics accuse it of sectarianism and anti-Catholicism. Wikipedia does not have an article with this exact name. ... Protestantism is a general grouping of denominations within Christianity. ... A fraternal organization is an organization that represents the relationship between its members as akin to brotherhood. ... Ulster (Irish: Cúige Uladh, IPA: ) is one of the four provinces of Ireland. ... Royal motto: Nemo me impune lacessit (Latin: No one provokes me with impunity) Scotlands location within the UK Languages with Official Status1 English Scottish Gaelic Capital Edinburgh Largest city Glasgow First Minister Jack McConnell Area - Total - % water Ranked 2nd UK 78,782 km² 1. ... County Armagh (Contae Ard Mhacha in Irish) is a county in Ulster, Ireland. ... 1795 was a common year starting on Thursday (see link for calendar). ... Piety is a desire and willingness to perform religious duties. ... Sectarianism is an adherence to a particular sect or party or denomination, it also usually involves a rejection of those not a member of ones sect. ... Catholic (literally meaning: according to (kata-) the whole (holos) or more generally universal in Greek) is a religious term with a number of meanings: The term can refer to the notion that all Christians are part of one Church, regardless of denominational divisions. ...

Orange March in Ballyronan

In Northern Ireland politics it was formally associated with the Ulster Unionist Party until March 12, 2005. Many of its members also belong to the Democratic Unionist Party and some (surreptitiously) to various loyalist paramilitary groups. It is opposed to the Good Friday Agreement, which was signed and supported by members of the Ulster Unionist Party. Image File history File links Download high resolution version (1120x840, 237 KB)12th july in ballyronan, county londonderry 2004 File history Legend: (cur) = this is the current file, (del) = delete this old version, (rev) = revert to this old version. ... Image File history File links Download high resolution version (1120x840, 237 KB)12th july in ballyronan, county londonderry 2004 File history Legend: (cur) = this is the current file, (del) = delete this old version, (rev) = revert to this old version. ... Royal motto: Quis separabit (Latin: Who will separate?) Northern Irelands location within the UK Official languages English, Irish, Ulster Scots Capital and largest city Belfast First Minister Office suspended Area  - Total Ranked 4th 13,843 km² Population  - Total (2001)  - Density Ranked 4th 1,685,267 122/km² NUTS 1... The Ulster Unionist Party (UUP, sometimes referred to as the Official Unionist Party or OUP) is a unionist political party in Northern Ireland, and was the party of government in Northern Ireland between 1921 and 1972. ... March 12 is the 71st day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (72nd in Leap years). ... 2005 is a common year starting on Saturday of the Gregorian calendar and is the current year. ... The Democratic Unionist Party is a hardline Unionist party in Northern Ireland led by Ian Paisley. ... In general, a loyalist is an individual who is loyal to the powers that be. ... A paramilitary is a group of civilians trained and organized in a military fashion. ... The Belfast Agreement (also known as the Good Friday Agreement and, more rarely, as the Stormont Agreement) was signed in Belfast on April 10, 1998 by the British and Irish Governments and endorsed by most Northern Ireland political parties. ...

History and origins

Roots

The Orange Order was founded in the 1790s, but its roots go back to conflicts arising out of the creation of English and Scottish Protestant communities in Ulster in the 16th and 17th centuries. In the Plantation of Ulster, lands were seized from the native Irish and Catholic population and "planted" with Presbyterian settlers from the Lowlands of Scotland and Anglicans from northern England. This included many of the infamous border Reiver clans. Small numbers of Gaelic-speaking Highland Scots settled the area as well. Later, in the 1690s, there were further waves of Lowland Scots and French Huguenot immigration into Ulster. (See also Plantations of Ireland). Ulster (Irish: Cúige Uladh, IPA: ) is one of the four provinces of Ireland. ... (15th century - 16th century - 17th century - more centuries) As a means of recording the passage of time, the 16th century was that century which lasted from 1501 to 1600. ... (16th century - 17th century - 18th century - more centuries) As a means of recording the passage of time, the 17th century was that century which lasted from 1601-1700. ... The Plantation of Ulster took place in the Irish province of Ulster during the early 17th century. ... Today, a plantation is a place where people plant things, usually botanics. ... Presbyterianism is part of the Reformed churches family of denominations of Christian Protestantism based on the teachings of John Calvin which traces its institutional roots to the Scottish Reformation, especially as led by John Knox. ... Disambiguation: For the region of Scotland please see Scottish Lowlands Lowlands, also known as A Campingflight to Lowlands Paradise, is a music festival, held annually in the Netherlands in August. ... The term Anglican describes those people and churches following the religious traditions of the Church of England, especially following the Reformation. ... England is a made up country where psychologists convince schitzofrenic people they are currently living while they are in fact in a mental asylum. ... Border Reivers were raiders along the Anglo-Scottish border (Border country), for nearly three hundred years from the late 13th century to the middle of the 16th century. ... Note: This page contains phonetic information presented in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA) using Unicode. ... The Scottish Highlands are the mountainous regions of Scotland north and west of the Highland Boundary Fault. ... In the 16th and 17th centuries, the name of Huguenots came to apply to members of the Protestant Reformed Church of France. ... Plantations in 16th and 17th century Ireland were the seizure of land owned by the native Irish and granting of it to colonists (planters) from Britain. ...

The Plantation was preceded by the defeat and exile of the native Irish aristocracy in Ulster. After their defeat in the Nine Years War, they fled Ulster for Catholic Europe in an event that has become known as The Flight of the Earls) thus eliminating the native Gaelic aristocracy in Ulster. The Nine Years War in Ireland took place from 1594 to 1603 and is also known as Tyrones Rebellion. ... In September 1607, Hugh ONeill, 2nd Earl of Tyrone and Rory ODonnell, 1st Earl of Tyrconnell set sail from Rathmullan, a village on the shore of Lough Swilly in County Donegal, with ninety of their followers. ...

The resulting political vacuum allowed for the speedy implementation of the Plantation of Ulster. However, the bulk of the native Irish Catholic population remained and their hostility to the new settlers eventually led to the Irish Rebellion of 1641. October 1641 saw a massacre of up to 12,000 Protestants by Catholics determined to win back their land. In 1649, Oliver Cromwell took revenge on the Catholic population. The bloodshed of the these wars created a lasting bitterness which still resonates today. The Plantation of Ulster took place in the Irish province of Ulster during the early 17th century. ... The Irish Rebellion of 1641 began as an attempted coup détat by Irish Catholic gentry, but rapidly degenerated into bloody inter communal violence between native Irish Catholics and English and Scottish Protestant settlers. ... Events The Long Parliament passes a series of legislation designed to contain Charles Is absolutist tendencies. ... Unfinished portrait miniature of Oliver Cromwell by Samuel Cooper, 1657. ... Oliver Cromwell landed in Ireland with his New Model Army on behalf of the English Parliament in 1649. ... The Irish Confederate Wars were fought in Ireland between 1641 and 1653. ...

Another, more celebrated, round of this conflict between settler Protestants and native Catholics was fought in the 1690s, in the Williamite war in Ireland, when Irish Catholics backed the Roman Catholic King James II and Protestants supported William of Orange, who had deposed James in the Glorious Revolution. The modern Orange Order derives its name from William III's colours and celebrates his military victories over the Jacobites, notably the siege of Derry, the battle of the Boyne and the battle of Aughrim. Ulster Protestants believed that these victories had saved them from further massacres at the hands of Catholics and had guaranteed their religious and civil liberties. (See also the Glorious Revolution for political context and battle of the Boyne for the history of Irish Protestant commemorations). For the context of this war see Jacobitism and Glorious Revolution. ... James II can refer to: James II of Scotland James II of England James II of Aragon James II of Cyprus This is a disambiguation page — a navigational aid which lists other pages that might otherwise share the same title. ... William of Orange (French: Guillaume, Dutch: Willem) is the name of several historical people. ... The term Glorious Revolution refers to the generally popular overthrow of James II of England in 1688. ... This article is not about the Jacobite Orthodox Church, nor is it about Jacobinism or the earlier Jacobean period. ... For context see the Williamite war in Ireland and Jacobitism. ... William III King of England, Scotland and Ireland, Stadtholder of the Netherlands The Battle of the Boyne was a turning point in the Williamite war in Ireland between the deposed King James II of England and VII of Scotland and his son-in-law and successor, William, for the English... The Battle of Aughrim was the decisive battle of the Williamite war in Ireland. ... The term Glorious Revolution refers to the generally popular overthrow of James II of England in 1688. ... William III King of England, Scotland and Ireland, Stadtholder of the Netherlands The Battle of the Boyne was a turning point in the Williamite war in Ireland between the deposed King James II of England and VII of Scotland and his son-in-law and successor, William, for the English...

For the Orange Order, the Glorious Revolution remains central to its appeal. It stresses the importance of the 'Protestant succession' to the throne and of the triumph of Parliament and its Bill of Rights and Act of Settlement as the embodiment of that triumph. It celebrates the victory of William over James every year on 12 July. July 12 is the 193rd day (194th in leap years) of the year in the Gregorian Calendar, with 172 days remaining. ...

Foundation

However, while these wars were commemorated by Irish Protestants since the 17th century, the Orange Order has its direct roots in inter-communal violence of the 1790s. Many secretive Catholic agrarian groups such as the Defenders, Whiteboys, Hearts of Steele and Hearts of Oak, Thrashers, Ribbonmen, and the Carders were set up in the 1700s to defend Catholic property and rights. Protestant groups were formed to oppose these, one of which was the Peep o'Day Boys which later became the Orange Order. For the 1980s arcade game Defender, see Defender (arcade game). ... this article is about the ass rapingly sexy president bush i wish i could screw him so much. ... Heart of Oak is the official march of the Royal Navy of the United Kingdom (which also incorporates the Royal Marines). ... The Atlanta Thrashers are a National Hockey League team based at Philips Arena in Atlanta, Georgia. ...

The Orange Order was founded in Loughgall in Ireland in 1795 after the so-called "Battle of the Diamond" (a pitched battle between rival guilds based along sectarian lines over trading rights). After a disturbance in Benburb on 24th June 1794, in which Protestant homes were attacked, the Freemasons' organisation was appealed to by one of its members, James Wilson, to organise themselves to defend the Protestant population. The Masons refused, whereupon an indignant Wilson left them and prophesied that he "would light a star...which would eclipse them forever". He had already organised the Orange Boys at the Dyan (County Tyrone) in 1792, as is evidenced by the notice in the Belfast News Letter on 1st February 1793, which referred to a meeting of the 138 members of the Orange Boys held on 22nd January 1793.It is said the three main founders were James Wilson, Daniel Winter and James Sloan. It was named to commemorate the victory of the Protestant William of Orange over his father-in-law the Catholic King James II at the Battle of the Boyne in 1690 during the Glorious Revolution. 1795 was a common year starting on Thursday (see link for calendar). ... Benburb is a small village in County Tyrone in Northern Ireland seven miles from the city of Armagh and eight miles from the town of Dungannon. ... American Square & Compasses Freemasonry is a worldwide fraternal organization. ... This article is about County Tyrone. ... William III of England (14 November 1650–8 March 1702; also known as William II of Scotland and William of Orange) was a Dutch aristocrat and the Holy Roman Empires Prince of Orange from his birth, King of England and Ireland from 13 February 1689, and King of Scotland... King James VII and II ( 14 October 1633–16 September 1701 ) became King of England, Scotland, and Ireland from 6 February 1685. ... William III King of England, Scotland and Ireland, Stadtholder of the Netherlands The Battle of the Boyne was a turning point in the Williamite war in Ireland between the deposed King James II of England and VII of Scotland and his son-in-law and successor, William, for the English... Events Giovanni Domenico Cassini observes differential rotation within Jupiters atmosphere. ... The term Glorious Revolution refers to the generally popular overthrow of James II of England in 1688. ...

However the Orange Order's establishment was more a reaction to increasing Catholic involvement in the economy of Ulster as the Penal Laws, which discriminated against Catholics and Presbyterians were phased out, in particular the linen trade and the purchase of land, and to the creation of separatist groups of the late eighteenth century such as the United Irishmen (which was dominated by Ulster-Scots Presbyterians). In the most general sense, penal is the body of laws that are enforced by the State in its own name and impose penalties for their violation, as opposed to civil law that seeks to redress private wrongs. ... (17th century - 18th century - 19th century - more centuries) As a means of recording the passage of time, the 18th century refers to the century that lasted from 1701 through 1800. ... The Society of the United Irishmen was a political organisation in eighteenth century Ireland that sought independence from Great Britain. ... Ulster-Scots is a term mainly used in Ireland and Britain (Scotch-Irish or Scots-Irishis commonly used in North America) primarily to refer to Presbyterian Scots, or their descendents, who migrated from the Scottish Lowlands to Ulster (the northern province of Ireland), largely across the 17th century. ... Presbyterianism is part of the Reformed churches family of denominations of Christian Protestantism based on the teachings of John Calvin which traces its institutional roots to the Scottish Reformation, especially as led by John Knox. ...

Shortly after the Order's establishment, the Governor of Armagh, Lord Gosford, gave his opinion of the new group to a meeting of magistrates: "It is no secret that a persecution is now raging in this country ... the only crime is ... profession of the Roman Catholic faith. A lawless banditti have constituted themselves judges ..." Butch Cassidy, a famous outlaw An outlaw, a person living the lifestyle of outlawry, is most familiar to contemporary readers as a stock character in Western movies. ...

In 1818, the Mayor of Liverpool prevented Orangemen from publicly burning effigies of the Pope and the local cardinal after a parade. 1818 is a common year starting on Thursday. ... Liverpool is a city and metropolitan borough on Merseyside in north west England, on the north side of the Mersey estuary. ... The Pope is the Catholic Bishop and patriarch of Rome, and head of the Catholic Church. ... The word cardinal comes from the Latin cardo for hinge and usually refers to things of fundamental importance, as in cardinal rule or cardinal sins. ...

The Orange Order, along with other organisations, was banned between 1823 and 1845 by the British government because of its involvement in promoting sectarian tension in Ulster. Although they were then illegal, the parades continued. In 1829, seven people were killed during disturbances in Clones, County Monaghan, and eight in Enniskillen, Fermanagh. The first Orange-related disturbances in Scotland were reported in 1830 1823 was a common year starting on Wednesday (see link for calendar). ... 1845 was a common year starting on Wednesday (see link for calendar). ... The United Kingdom is a unitary state and a democratic constitutional monarchy. ... Ulster (Irish: Cúige Uladh, IPA: ) is one of the four provinces of Ireland. ... 1829 was a common year starting on Thursday (see link for calendar). ... Clones (Irish:Cluain Eois) – pronounced /kl@UnIs/ (SAMPA) – is a small town in western County Monaghan, in the border area of Ireland. ... Monaghan (Irish: Contae Muineachán) is a county in the Republic of Ireland. ... Enniskillen (Inis Ceithleann in Irish) is the county town of Fermanagh in Northern Ireland. ... County Fermanagh (Fear Manach in Irish) is often referred to as Northern Irelands Lake District. ... 1830 was a common year starting on Friday (see link for calendar). ...

In 1834 Presbyterians were allowed to join. In 1835, a Parliamentary Committee set up to investigate the activities of the Order heard from a local magistrate, William Hancock, that: "For some time past the peaceable inhabitants of the parish of Drumcree have been insulted and outraged by large bodies of Orangemen parading the highways, playing party tunes, firing shots, and using the most opprobrious epithets they could invent...a body of Orangemen marched through the town and proceeded to Drumcree church, passing by the Catholic chapel though it was a considerable distance out of their way." 1834 was a common year starting on Wednesday (see link for calendar). ... Presbyterianism is part of the Reformed churches family of denominations of Christian Protestantism based on the teachings of John Calvin which traces its institutional roots to the Scottish Reformation, especially as led by John Knox. ... 1835 was a common year starting on Thursday (see link for calendar). ...

In 1836, the British army used artillery to quell trouble at the annual gathering at Scarva, County Down. 1836 was a leap year starting on Friday (see link for calendar). ... The British Army is the land armed forces branch of the British Armed Forces. ... County Down, (An Dún in Irish) is one of the six counties of Northern Ireland, covering an area of 2,448 km² (945 square miles). ...

The Battle of Garvagh

A report from the time says: "The 26th July, 1813 is memorable as the day on which a conflict occurred between Loyalists and Ribbonmen. The latter, who assembled to the number of 1500, attacked the house of a resident named Davidson, where the Orange Lodges were in the habit of meeting. The owner of the doomed premises, warned of their intentions, had a few trusty friends at hand to lend any necessary assistance. Three of the Ribbonmen were killed outright, while others, mortally wounded, died soon after. This did not end the trouble because a month later twelve men from the neighbourhood of Garvagh were charged before Judge Fletcher at Londonderry for murder. Three of the accused were acquitted and the others found guilty of manslaughter." Of the acquittal a song says: "The Judge he then would us condemn Had it not been for the jurymen Our grateful thanks are due to them For they cleared the boys of Garvagh". The Ribbonmen were found guilty but were acquitted at a later assizes when it was stated "that both parties had become reconciled and were ready to give bail for their future good behaviour." In general, a loyalist is an individual who is loyal to the powers that be. ... Derry or Londonderry (in Irish , Doire Cholm Chille or Doire), often called the Maiden City, is a city in Northern Ireland. ...

The Defence Of Crossgar

The Whiteboys, a mid-18th century secret agrarian society, were later known by different names such as Carders, Terry Alts, Rockites, Whitefeet and Thrashers. Many Orange songs of the period suggest that the Irish Constabulary were sympathetic to the Thrashers and turned a blind eye to numerous skirmishes in County Down. In July 1849 near Castlewellan, in Down there was a skirmish shortly before the "battle of Dolly's Brae". (17th century - 18th century - 19th century - more centuries) As a means of recording the passage of time, the 18th century refers to the century that lasted from 1701 through 1800. ... Castlewellan is a town in County Down, Northern Ireland, situated beside Castlewellan Lake and Slievenaslat mountain 25km south west of Downpatrick. ...

Battle of Dolly's Brae

12 July 1849 saw the "Battle" of Dolly's Brae when at least 30 Catholics were killed in clashes between Ribbonmen and Orangemen. The British government banned Orange Order marches again after this incident. The Grand Master of the Order, Lord Roden, is forced to resign his position as a justice of the peace after it emerges that he incited the Orangemen before the incident at a gathering hosted on his estate nearby. July 12 is the 193rd day (194th in leap years) of the year in the Gregorian Calendar, with 172 days remaining. ... 1849 was a common year starting on Monday (see link for calendar). ... The United Kingdom is a unitary state and a democratic constitutional monarchy. ...

The Twelfth

The Twelfth however remains a deeply divisive issue, not least because of allegations of triumphalism and anti-Catholicism against the Orange Order in the conduct of its marches and criticism of its behaviour towards Roman Catholics. Most Orange Order marches in Ireland are uncontroversial; marches in the Republic of Ireland, notably in Rossknowlagh, County Donegal, require minimal policing and attract non-Orange Order members, including Roman Catholics, to watch. However at a few flashpoints, marches have become highly controversial. Many of the bands hired by the Order for the parades openly advertise their association with loyalist paramilitary groups (responsible for the deaths of hundreds of Catholics) with flags and banners. For other uses, see Donegal (disambiguation) Donegal (Irish: Dún na nGall) is a county in the northwest of Ireland. ... In general, a loyalist is an individual who is loyal to the powers that be. ... A paramilitary is a group of civilians trained and organized in a military fashion. ...

Lambeg Drum competition at County Tyrone 12th

The very first Orange parades were held in 1796, in different venues in County Armagh. The Northern Star newspaper reported that an Orangeman by the name of M'Murdie, died of stab wounds following clashes with the local yeomanry, in Aghalee. The next year, 1797, fourteen people were killed in disturbances during an Orange parade in Stewartstown, Tyrone. Image File history File links Download high resolution version (1000x409, 31 KB)lambeg drum competition at coagh, county tyrone 2002 File history Legend: (cur) = this is the current file, (del) = delete this old version, (rev) = revert to this old version. ... Image File history File links Download high resolution version (1000x409, 31 KB)lambeg drum competition at coagh, county tyrone 2002 File history Legend: (cur) = this is the current file, (del) = delete this old version, (rev) = revert to this old version. ... 1796 was a leap year starting on Friday. ... County Armagh (Contae Ard Mhacha in Irish) is a county in Ulster, Ireland. ... Northern Star was the first solo album released by former Spice Girls singer Melanie C. It was released in 1999. ... 1797 was a common year starting on Sunday (see link for calendar). ... Stewartstown can refer to: Stewartstown, New Hampshire Stewartstown, Pennsylvania This is a disambiguation page — a navigational aid which lists other pages that might otherwise share the same title. ... This article is about County Tyrone. ...

To Orange Order members, the "right" to march anywhere on the "Queen's highway" is of fundamental importance in upholding the principles of the "Glorious Revolution". To critics, their demand to walk anywhere, even through Catholic areas, is seen as provocative, triumphalist and as asserting the supremacy of Protestants in Ulster. Many of the traditional tunes of the "Kick the Pope" bands that accompany the marching Orangemen have lyrics that are insulting and threatening to Catholics. In addition changing geographic and religious boundaries compound problems. Often Orange parades have been the catalysts for serious disturbances, rioting and deaths. In 1935, thousands of Catholics were forced to leave their homes after rioting left several dead. In 1972, the IRA called off a ceasefire after the British army forced through a parade in Portadown. Ulster (Irish: Cúige Uladh, IPA: ) is one of the four provinces of Ireland. ... The Pope is the Catholic Bishop and patriarch of Rome, and head of the Catholic Church. ... 1935 was a common year starting on Tuesday (link will take you to calendar). ... 1972 was a leap year that started on a Saturday. ... The main nick name of these taig bastards is Coward Scum and wish they were half as good as S/Londonderry UVF IRA is an acronym with several different meanings. ... The British Army is the land armed forces branch of the British Armed Forces. ... Portadown (Port an Dúnáin in Irish) is a town in County Armagh, Northern Ireland. ...

Notice placed by nationalist residents of Garvaghy Road, highlighting the Order's refusal to talk with them.

A classic example occurred throughout the 1990s at Garvaghy Road on the outskirts of Portadown (and in the adjacent Obin Street area from the 1800s until 1986 when the march was rerouted). The Orange Order had marched the same route through open countryside for nearly two centuries. In a religiously divided Portadown, Catholics came to reside in large working class housing estates built on fields along the Orange Order marching route. Each side demanded that their community's "rights" get priority. To the Order, that meant upholding their "right" to follow their traditional route along that roadway. To nationalists and republicans, that meant the "right" to insist that they should not have the anti-Catholic Orange Order parading down the main roadway through the new Catholic area. Moves by the Parades Commission to secure a compromise by negotiation between the Order and the local residents have continually been frustrated by the Order's refusal to meet with the residents' associations. Initially, this was a high-handed refusal to accept any restriction to walk where ever they liked, when ever they liked - just as if it were an evening stroll. Recognising the poor PR value of that position, it is now the official policy of the Order never to talk to resident's groups for as long as their leadership includes past or present members of Sinn Féin. Image File history File links This work is copyrighted. ... Image File history File links This work is copyrighted. ... Portadown (Port an Dúnáin in Irish) is a town in County Armagh, Northern Ireland. ... An Irish nationalist is generally one who seeks (greater) independence of Ireland from Great Britain, including since 1921 the goal of a United Ireland. ... Irish Republicanism is the nationalist belief that all of Ireland should be a united independent republic. ... The name Sinn Féin (pronounced in English, in Irish), which means ourselves or we ourselves (not as sometimes incorrectly translated, ourselves alone or we alone) has been applied to a series of political movements since 1905 in Ireland, each of which claim or claimed sole descent from the original...

While the membership of the Order in Ireland is usually put at around 100,000, it is thought that many members have left in recent years because of the increasing number of confrontations with police. A study for the University of Ulster put the number of current members at 40,000. The University of Ulster (UU) is a multi-site university located in Northern Ireland and is the largest university on the island of Ireland. ...

Some Orange parades in Scotland have also proved contentious, and Scottish police have moved recently to restrict their number. In 1996, Perth and Kinross Council banned a march, telling the County Lodge that "Intolerance, bigotry and prejudice are implicit and explicit in a march of this kind." Glasgow council have indicated that they will ask the police not to allow parades in the city centre after recent disturbances. Pat Watters, the president of the Convention of Scottish Local Authorities, has said councils should have the authority to ban troublesome marches (which currently rests with the police), and he intends to ask the Scottish Minister for Justice to allow councils to do so. During the 1992 marching season, the then British Secretary of State, Sir Patrick Mayhew declared "the actions of the marchers would have disgraced a tribe of cannibals" after Orangemen taunted residents of a Catholic neighbourhood they were marching through about the recent murders of five locals by the UDA. The UDA members had killed the men (who had no paramilitary connections) when they sprayed a betting-shop with gunfire. The UDA was made an illegal organisation by the British government shortly afterwards. Royal motto: Nemo me impune lacessit (Latin: No one provokes me with impunity) Scotlands location within the UK Languages with Official Status1 English Scottish Gaelic Capital Edinburgh Largest city Glasgow First Minister Jack McConnell Area - Total - % water Ranked 2nd UK 78,782 km² 1. ... 1996 is a leap year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar, and was designated the International Year for the Eradication of Poverty. ... Perth and Kinross (Peairt agus Ceann Rois in Gaelic) is one of 32 unitary council areas in Scotland, and a Lieutenancy Area. ... Glasgows location in Scotland Glasgow (or Glaschu in Gaelic) is Scotlands largest city, situated on the River Clyde in the countrys west central lowlands. ... In several countries, Secretary of State is a senior government position. ... The Right Honourable Patrick Mayhew, Baron Mayhew of Twysden, PC is a British barrister, and politician for the Conservative Party. ... Cannibalism is the act or practice of eating members of the same species, e. ... Uda can refer to: Emperor Uda, the 58th imperial ruler of Japan. ... The United Kingdom is a unitary state and a democratic constitutional monarchy. ...

Requirements for entry

Members are required to be Protestant with a belief in the Trinity, which excludes Unitarians and certain other Christian denominations and all non-Christians. Most jurisdictions require both the spouse and parents of potential applicants to be Protestant, although the Grand Lodge can be appealed to make exceptions for converts. In 1998 Ulster Unionist Party leader and Northern Ireland First Minister-designate, David Trimble representing Northern Ireland attended the funeral Mass for a child murdered in a Real IRA bombing, some Orangemen demanded that he be expelled by the Orange Order for attending a "Papist ceremony". Members are forbidden to marry Catholics, as the Catholic Church requires its adherents to make all reasonable efforts to raise all their children in the same religion, regardless of the other parent's faith. Historic Unitarianism believed in the oneness of God as opposed to traditional Christian belief in the Trinity (Father, Son, and Holy Spirit). ... The Ulster Unionist Party (UUP, sometimes referred to as the Official Unionist Party or OUP) is a unionist political party in Northern Ireland, and was the party of government in Northern Ireland between 1921 and 1972. ... The Right Honourable David Trimble (born on October 15, 1944 in Belfast) is a Northern Ireland politician, and former leader of the Ulster Unionist Party (UUP), former First Minister of Northern Ireland. ... Then-Cardinal Joseph Ratzinger (now Pope Benedict XVI) presiding at the 2005 Easter Vigil Mass in place of the dying Pope John Paul II. Mass is the term used of the celebration of the Eucharist in the Latin rites of the Roman Catholic Church. ... Categories: Wikipedia cleanup | Organization stubs | Terrorist organizations in Northern Ireland | Rebellion ... Papist is a derisive term meaning Roman Catholic. It was used during the English Reformation to indicate one who believed in Papal supremacy over the Anglican Church. ... Ne Temere (literally meaning not rashly in Latin) is a decree (named for its opening words) of the Roman Catholic Congregation of the Council declaring invalid any marriage of a Roman Catholic or any person who has ever been a Roman Catholic, unless contracted before a qualified Roman Catholic priest...

Qualifications of an Orangeman according to the Grand Orange Lodge of Ireland The Grand Orange Lodge of Ireland is the governing body of the Orange Order in Ireland. ...

An Orangeman should have a sincere love and veneration for his Heavenly Father;

A humble and steadfast faith in Jesus Christ, the Saviour of mankind, believing in Him as the only Mediator between God and man.

He should cultivate truth and justice, brotherly kindness and charity, devotion and piety, concord and unity, and obedience to the laws;

His deportment should be gentle and compassionate, kind and courteous;

He should seek a society of the virtuous, and avoid that of the evil;

He should honour and diligently study the Holy Scriptures, and make them the rule of his faith and practice;

He should love, uphold, and defend the Protestant religion, and sincerely desire and endeavour to propagate its doctrines and precepts;

He should strenuously oppose the fatal errors and doctrines of the Church of Rome, and scrupulously avoid countenancing (by his presence or otherwise) any act of ceremony of Popish worship; The Pope is the Catholic Bishop and patriarch of Rome, and head of the Catholic Church. ...

He should by all lawful means, resist the ascendancy of that Church, its encroachments, and the extension of its power, ever abstaining from all uncharitable words, actions or sentiments, towards his Roman Catholic brethren;

He should remember to keep holy the Sabbath day, and attend the public worship of God, and diligently train up his offspring, and all under his control, in the fear of God, and in the Protestant faith;

He should never take the name of God in vain, but abstain from all cursing and profane language, and use every opportunity of discouraging these, and all other sinful practices, in others; his conduct should be guided by wisdom and prudence, and marked by honesty, temperance, and sobriety;

The glory of God and the welfare of man, the honour of his Sovereign, and the good of his country, should be the motive of his actions.

Candidates must promise to:

at all times conform to the Laws and Ordinances of the Loyal Orange Institution of Ireland, and will at all times recognise and support the authority of the Grand Orange Lodge of Ireland.

I promise that, if admitted a member of this Lodge, I will always show due respect to the Worshipful Master and other Officers, and will endeavour to conduct myself as a Brother ought towards all members of the Lodge and of the Brotherhood, and that I will always observe and never knowingly violate, the By-Laws of the Lodge.

I was born at ................... in the county of ...................... of Protestant parents, was educated in the Protestant faith, and have never been in any way connected with the Church of Rome. My wife is a Protestant/I am unmarried..

Religion and Culture

Orange Order poster depicting historical and religious symbolism

The basis of the modern Orange Order is the promotion and propagation of "biblical Protestantism" and the principles of the Reformation. As such the Order only accepts those who confess a belief in a Protestant religion. Monthly meetings are held in Orange Halls or "Lodges." The Order has a system of "degrees" which new members advance through. These degrees can superficially be compared as Masonic-like but in reality are interactive "plays" founded solely on passages of the Bible. Parades form a large part of Orange culture. Most Orange Lodges hold an annual parade from their Orange Hall to a local church. The sect of the church is quite often rotated, depending on local demographics. The main parade of the year is the annual "Twelfth" of July celebrations which commemorate the Battle Of The Boyne and the victory of King William Of Orange after whom the Order is named. The lodges are usually accompanied by various marching bands playing flutes, fifes, accordions, bagpipes and brass instruments. This parade often involves thousands of marchers at each of the many locations and draws crowds of spectators. Image File history File links Download high resolution version (800x1212, 184 KB)Orange Order poster depicting historical, religious and biblical scenes and some of the biblical symbols used in the Orange Order degree system. ... Image File history File links Download high resolution version (800x1212, 184 KB)Orange Order poster depicting historical, religious and biblical scenes and some of the biblical symbols used in the Orange Order degree system. ... Protestantism is a movement within Christianity, representing a split from the Roman Catholic Church during the mid to late Renaissance in Europe —a period known as the Protestant Reformation. ... The Protestant Reformation was a movement which began in the 16th century as a series of attempts to reform the Roman Catholic Church, but ended in division and the establishment of new institutions, most importantly Lutheranism, Reformed churches, and Anabaptists. ... The holy Jewish scripture: The Torah. ...

Orange Halls on both sides of the Irish border often function as community halls for Protestants. The halls quite often host community groups such as credit unions, local marching bands, Ulster Scots and other cultural groups as well as religious missions and political parties such as the Ulster Unionist Party. A credit union is a co-operative financial institution that is owned and controlled by its members, generally through the election of a Board of Directors. ... Ulster-Scots is a term used to refer to the descendants of Lowland Presbyterian Scottish people who live in Ulster, Ireland. ...

In 2005, controversy was generated when the organisers of Cork's St Patrick's Day parade (in the Republic of Ireland) invited representatives of the Orange Order to march in the celebrations, part of the year-long celebration of Cork's position of European Capital of Culture. The Orange Order accepted the invitation and was to parade with their wives and children alongside Chinese, Filipino and African community groups in an event designed to recognise and celebrate cultural diversity. A threatening phone call was made to a person connected to the parade’s organising committee. An anonymous male caller said: "Be careful. We know what you’re planning." Subsequently, after consultation with the Garda Síochána (the Irish police force), the Orange Order grand secretary Drew Nelson said both his organisation and the parade organisers were disappointed that the Order would not be attending the festivities. He added that he welcomed the invitation and hoped the Order would be able to participate in the event next year. A Church of Ireland clergyman, Reverend David Armstrong, spoke out against the invitation. Now based in Carrigaline, near Cork, Reverend Armstrong and his family were forced to leave their home in Limavady, County Londonderry, by loyalist paramilitaries after he spoke out against the bombing of the local Catholic church. He stated that local Orangemen told him at the time that "the bombing was God's work." Cork (Corcaigh in Irish) is the second city of the Republic of Ireland. ... St. ... The European Capital of Culture is a city designated by the European Union for a period of one year during which it is given a chance to showcase its cultural life and cultural development. ... Africa is the worlds second-largest continent and second most populous after Asia. ... Garda Síochána na hÉireann (English: The Guardians of the Peace of Ireland), commonly known as the Garda Síochána or simply the Garda or Gardaí, is the national police force of the Republic of Ireland. ... The Church of Ireland is an autonomous province of the Anglican Communion, operating seamlessly in the Republic of Ireland and Northern Ireland. ... Carrigaline (Carraig Uí Leighin in Irish) is a single-street village (or sráidbhaile) in County Cork, Ireland. ... Limavady is a town in County Londonderry in Northern Ireland. ... County Derry (Doire in Irish) is one of the six counties of Northern Ireland, in the province of Ulster. ... The term God is capitalized in the English language as a proper noun when used to refer to a specific monotheistic concept of a Supreme Being. ...

In March 2002 it threatened "to take every action necessary, regardless of the consequences" to prevent the Ballymena Show being held on a Sunday. The County Antrim Agricultural Association immediately complied with the Order's wishes. Ballymena (Irish: An Baile Meánach, middle town) is a town in County Antrim, in Northern Ireland. ... County Antrim (Contae Aontroma in Irish) is one of the six Irish counties that form Northern Ireland. ...

In June 2005, the Order's Grand Master Robert Saulters was cautioned by police over his involvement in an apparently illegal parade. However, the Parades Commission were forced to back down on other parades because of the threat of loyalist violence (notably the annual 1st July East Belfast "mini-twelfth" which was declared illegal, on the basis that the "11-1 forms", notice of intention to organise a public procession, were filled out incorrectly). The lodges had been filing 11-1 forms collectively to avoid legal culpability for failing to follow the Commission's guidelines, instead of naming an individual prepared to take responsibility, which the parades commission deemed to be illegal. The PSNI and British government later said there was no illegality. In his Twelfth of July speech in 2005, Saulters compared the PSNI to the Gestapo in their cautioning of him. This page is a candidate to be moved to Wiktionary. ... The Parades Commission is a quasi-judicial body responsible for placing restrictions on or banning outright any parades in Northern Ireland it deems contentious or offensive. ... In general, a loyalist is an individual who is loyal to the powers that be. ... The Police Service of Northern Ireland (PSNI) is the police service that covers Northern Ireland. ... The United Kingdom is a unitary state and a democratic constitutional monarchy. ... 12 (twelve) is the natural number following 11 and preceding 13. ... The Police Service of Northern Ireland (PSNI) is the police service that covers Northern Ireland. ... The Gestapo was the official secret police force of Nazi Germany. ...

Political links

Until March 2005, the Orange Order was entitled to a voting bloc on the Ulster Unionist Council, the decision-making body of the Ulster Unionist Party. This was the position since 1905, and though the UUP had long mulled over breaking the link, in the end it was the Orange Order that broke away. The Ulster Unionist Party (UUP, sometimes referred to as the Official Unionist Party or OUP) is a unionist political party in Northern Ireland, and was the party of government in Northern Ireland between 1921 and 1972. ...

The Order first became overtly political during Charles Stewart Parnell's campaign for Home Rule in the 1880s. In 1886, when William Ewart Gladstone's Home Rule Bill was before Parliament, Lord Randolph Churchill coined the famous phrase "Ulster will fight, and Ulster will be right" in an open letter to Irish Unionists. The Bill was defeated in June, and serious rioting broke out in Ulster, continuing on into the marching season in July. By September, fifty people were dead, and thousands had been driven from their homes. This marked the beginning of a period when the upper classes began to realise the potential of the Order in preventing unwanted constitutional change, which culminated in the formal link in 1905. Support for the Land League (which fought for the rights of small farmers) from some elements of the Order (especially in Armagh) was effectively smothered as the landed gentry extended their influence. Fifty Orangemen from Cavan and Monaghan volunteered to bring in the harvest for Captain Boycott in County Mayo after he was ostracised by his local community (who usually provided him with labour) for rackrenting. Charles Stewart Parnell (June 27, 1846 – October 6, 1891) was an Irish political leader and one of the most important figures in 19th century Ireland and the United Kingdom; William Ewart Gladstone thought him the most remarkable person he had ever met. ... Devolution or Home rule is the pooling of powers from central government to government at regional or local level. ... // Events and Trends Technology Development and commercial production of electric lighting Development and commercial production of gasoline-powered automobile by Karl Benz, Gottlieb Daimler and Maybach First commercial production and sales of phonographs and phonograph recordings. ... 1886 is a common year starting on Friday (click on link to calendar) // Events January 18 - Modern field hockey is born with the formation of The Hockey Association in England. ... The Right Honourable William Ewart Gladstone (29 December 1809–19 May 1898) was a British Liberal statesman and Prime Minister (1868–1874, 1880–1885, 1886 and 1892–1894). ... This article is about the British Prime Minister Sir Winston Churchills son. ... In the Irish context, Unionists form a group of exclusively Protestant people in Ireland, of all social classes, who wish to see the continuation of the 1801 Act of Union, as amended by the Government of Ireland Act 1920, under which the Northern Ireland provincial state created in that latter... The Irish Land League was an Irish political organization of the late 19th century which aimed to help poor tenant famers. ... A boycott is a refusal to buy, sell, or otherwise trade with an individual or business who is generally believed by the participants in the boycott to be doing something morally wrong. ... County Mayo (Irish: Maigh Eo, the plain of the yews) is a county on the west coast of Ireland. ...

Related organisations

There are two related organisations, the Apprentice Boys of Derry (named after Protestant guild apprentices who closed the city gates on a Jacobite army seeking to enter the walled city of Londonderry in 1688 and helped withstand the siege of Derry), whose roots lie in urban working-class Protestant communities, and the Royal Black Preceptory. The latter has been the most willing of the marching groups not to enter Catholic areas without permission. There is some dispute as to the RBP's origins, some suggesting that they are descended from the remnants of the Knights of the Order of St John. This article needs to be cleaned up to conform to a higher standard of quality. ... If youre looking for the TV show, see The Apprentice. ... This article is not about the Jacobite Orthodox Church, nor is it about Jacobinism or the earlier Jacobean period. ... Derry or Londonderry (in Irish, Doire or Doire Cholm Chille), often called the Maiden City, is a city in Northern Ireland. ... // Events A high-powered conspiracy of notables, the Immortal Seven, invite William and Mary to depose James II of England. ... For context see the Williamite war in Ireland and Jacobitism. ... This article needs to be cleaned up to conform to a higher standard of quality. ... The Knights Hospitaller (the or Knights of Malta or Knights of Rhodes) is a tradition which began as a Benedictine nursing Order founded in the 11th century based in the Holy Land, but soon became a militant Christian Chivalric Order under its own charter, and was charged with the care...

The Orange Order throughout the world

The Orange Institution spread throughout the English-speaking world and further abroad. It is headed by the Imperial Grand Orange Council. It has the power to arbitrate in disputes between Grand Lodges, and in internal disputes when invited. The Council represents the Grand Lodges of Ireland, Scotland, England, Canada, Australia, New Zealand, the United States, Ghana and Togo. There are entirely black lodges in Africa and a Mohawk lodge in Canada. An anglophone is someone who speaks English natively or by adoption. ... England is a made up country where psychologists convince schitzofrenic people they are currently living while they are in fact in a mental asylum. ... Africa is the worlds second-largest continent and second most populous after Asia. ... The Kanienkehaka, or Mohawk tribe of Native American people live around Lake Ontario and the St. ...

Most English lodges are based in the Liverpool area, including Bootle. An estimated 4000 Orangemen, women and children parade in Liverpool and Southport every 12th July, watched by thousands more who enjoy the occasion. Liverpool is a city and metropolitan borough on Merseyside in north west England, on the north side of the Mersey estuary. ... Bootle is a town in Merseyside, North West England. ... Map sources for Southport at grid reference SD3317 Southport is a seaside town in the north west of England. ...

Orange Order members in Africa

The Orange Institution can claim many historical figures amongst its ranks. Orangeman Alexander James Muir (Ontario LOL 142) wrote both the music and lyrics to the former Canadian National Anthem "The Maple Leaf Forever" in 1867. He was also a soldier in the Queen's Own Rifles of Toronto and was involved in fighting and defeating the Fenians at Ridgeway, Ontario in 1866. An obelisk there marks the spot where Orangemen died in defending the colony against an attack by members of Clan na Gael (commonly known as Fenians). Image File history File links orange order in west africa File history Legend: (cur) = this is the current file, (del) = delete this old version, (rev) = revert to this old version. ... Image File history File links orange order in west africa File history Legend: (cur) = this is the current file, (del) = delete this old version, (rev) = revert to this old version. ... A national anthem is a generally patriotic musical composition that is formally recognized by a countrys government as their states official national song. ... The Maple Leaf Forever was written in 1867 by Alexander Muir (1830-1906), the same year as Canadas Confederation. ... The Irish Republican Brotherhood (IRB) played an important role in the history of Ireland. ... There are several places named Ridgeway: In England: Ridgeway, Derbyshire The Ridgeway National Trail, often referred to as The Ridgeway. In Canada: Ridgeway, Ontario In the United States: Ridgeway, Alaska Ridgeway, Iowa Ridgeway, Ohio Ridgeway, Missouri Ridgeway, New York Ridgeway, South Carolina Ridgeway, Virginia Ridgeway, Wisconsin Ridgeway (town), Wisconsin Ridgeway... In politics and in history, a colony is a territory under the immediate political control of a geographically-distant state (or city, in ancient times). ... With Irish immigration to the United States of America in the 18th_century there arose Irish ethnic organizations. ... Fenian is a term used since the 1860s for an Irish nationalist who espouses violence, usually by people opposed to their aims. ...

Orangemen fought with General Isaac Brock at the Battle of Queenston Heights in the War of 1812. Battle of Queenston Heights Conflict War of 1812 Date October 13, 1812 Place Near Queenston, Ontario Result British victory The Battle of Queenston Heights was a battle of the War of 1812 on October 13, 1812 between the Americans led by Stephen Van Rensselaer and the British led by Isaac... The War of 1812 was a conflict fought in North America between the United States and Great Britain from 1812 to 1815. ...

Lieutenant-Colonel Ogle R.Gowan commanded the Queen's Royal Borderers. He was wounded at the Battle of Windmill, near Prescott, Ontario, in 1838 while Canadians were defending themselves from an attack from the United States. Prescott is a town of approximately 5,000 people on the north shore of the Saint Lawrence River, directly across from Ogdensburg, New York. ...

Orangemen played a big part in suppressing the Upper Canada rebellion of William Lyon Mackenzie in 1837. Though the rebellion was but a skirmish and short-lived, nevertheless, 317 Orangemen were sworn in to the local militia by the Mayor of Toronto and then resisted Mackenzie's march down Yonge Street in 1837. Orangemen in western Canada helped suppress the rebellions of Louis Riel in 1870 and 1885. Upper Canada Village in Morrisburg, Ontario Upper Canada is an early name for the land at the upstream end of the Saint Lawrence River in early North America – the territory south of Lake Nipissing and north of the St. ... A militia is a group of citizens organized to provide paramilitary service. ... }|135px|City of Toronto, Ontario Official Flag]]|Coat Image=[[Image:{{{Coat Image}}}|135px|City of Toronto, Ontario Coat of Arms]]}} {{Canadian City/Disable Field={{{Disable Motto Link}}}}} Motto: Diversity Our Strength {{Canadian City/Location Image is:{{{Location Image Type}}}|[[Image:{{{Location Image}}}|thumbnail|center|250px|City of Toronto, Ontario, Canada... Louis Riel The Honourable Louis David Riel (October 22, 1844 – November 16, 1885), was a Canadian politician and leader of the Métis people of the Canadian prairies. ...

In 1871, in New York City, Mayor Hall and Superintendent Kelso, head of the New York Police Department, issued a decree on 10th July banning the 12th July demonstration. Nine people had been killed and more than a hundred injured (including women and children) during the parade the year before, when a riot broke out after the marchers had taunted Irish Catholics with sectarian songs and slogans. The ban appalled many nativists, who saw it as bowing down to the wishes of the Irish Catholic immigrant community. The New York Times had a July 11 headline, "Terrorism Rampant. City Authorities Overawed by the Roman Catholics." The ban was revoked by State Governor Hoffman, after pressure from the city's elite. He promised the Orangemen protection by the state and Federal authorities if the city of New York could not provide it. Midtown Manhattan, looking north from the Empire State Building, 2005 New York City (officially named the City of New York) is the most populous city in the United States, the most densely populated major city in North America, and is at the center of international finance, politics, entertainment, and culture. ... The New York City Police Department (NYPD) , the largest police department in the United States, has primary responsibility for law enforcement and investigation within the five boroughs of New York City. ... Irish Catholics are persons of predominantly Irish descent who adhere to the Roman Catholic faith. ... Sectarianism (or sectism) is an adherence to a particular sect or party or denomination. ... The term Nativism is used in both politics and psychology in two fundamentally different ways. ... Immigration is the act of moving to or settling in another country or region, temporarily or permanently. ... The New York Times is an internationally known daily newspaper published in New York City and distributed in the United States and many other nations worldwide. ... State nickname: Empire State Other U.S. States Capital Albany Largest city New York Governor George Pataki (R) Official languages None (English is de facto) Area 141,205 km² (27th)  - Land 122,409 km²  - Water 18,795 km² (13. ...

Over 1000 state militiamen (the mainly Catholic 69th Regiment had been confined to barracks) formed a protective barrier around less than 100 Orangemen. Thousands protested the march on Eighth Avenue, throwing bottles and rotten food at the marchers, and the day soon descended into mayhem when shooting broke out. The death toll of the day was 50 protesters and six policemen: 300 protesters were injured, and 60 police and army personnel. Only two Orangemen were injured. Almost 400 Irish Roman Catholics were arrested for various offences. There was no trouble in the 1872 demonstration in New York and no demonstration in 1873. At the second sessions of the State Grand Lodge of New York in June, 1874 there were discussions on further Twelfth marches in New York. The report concluded: "The prevailing opinion is that parading through the streets on the Twelfth of July is entirely unnecessary, and as the authorities have decided in favour of the society have the same rights extended to them as other societies -- the right to parade it is now deemed not at all necessary ... that instead each lodge should meet at their headquarters and celebrate the anniversary ... by a social reunion". The Twelfth, 1874, being a Sunday, the brethren attended services at Holy Trinity Church where the Rev. S. H. Tynge was the preacher. He said of the Orangemen: "They were American Protestants -- no longer Irish Protestants. They did well to remember the deeds of the brave men of Enniskillen, and sternness of Prince William, but he would beseech them to be done with the emnities, to cast aside the prejudices born in these hours of trial." The next Orange parade was in 1890 when there was a march with a picnic in Jones Wood at which 4,000 were present. The last New York parade was in 1900 when the Imperial Grand Orange Council of the World had its sessions in the city. Eighth Avenue is a north-south avenue on the West Side of Manhattan in New York City, carrying northbound traffic. ... Enniskillen (Inis Ceithleann in Irish) is the county town of Fermanagh in Northern Ireland. ...

The best-known Orangeman of the Boer War was probably Sir James Craig, later the first Prime Minister of Northern Ireland. Craig, who often declared that he was an Orangeman first and Unionist second, served with 'distinction' in South Africa. He served with the Royal Irish Rifles, and also the Imperial Yeomanry, and it was while fighting with the latter that he endeared himself to this comrades. The Irish Squadrons of the Imperial Yeomanry were badly mauled at a place called Lindley in the Orange Free State by a large force of Boer Commandos led by Piet De Wet. When the war was over, Craig presented a flag captured from the Boers to an Orange lodge in County Down. He often expressed admiration for his Boer opponents and like many Ulstermen admired the Boers for their Calvinist religion and their courage and fairness in battle. James Craig (later Lord Craigavon) as Prime Minister of Northern Ireland, at Stormont is quoted as stating on April 24 1934 - "I have always said that I am an Orangeman first and a politician and a member of this Parliament afterwards - They still boast of Southern Ireland being a Catholic State. All I boast of is that we are a Protestant Parliament and a Protestant State". Boer guerrillas during the Second Boer War There were two Boer wars, one from December 16, 1880-March 23, 1881 and the second from October 11, 1899-May 31, 1902 both between the British and the settlers of Dutch, French and German origin (called Boers, Afrikaners or Voortrekkers) in South... James Craig may refer to: James Henry Craig (1748-1812); British military officer and colonial administrator of The Canadas James Craig, Scottish recipient of the Victoria Cross in 1855 James Craig, 1st Viscount Craigavon (1871-1940); first Prime Minister of Northern Ireland James Craig, birth name James Henry Meador (1912... The Prime Minister of Northern Ireland was the head of the Government of Northern Ireland, appointed by the Governor of Northern Ireland under the Government of Ireland Act 1920. ... In the Irish context, Unionists form a group of exclusively Protestant people in Ireland, of all social classes, who wish to see the continuation of the 1801 Act of Union, as amended by the Government of Ireland Act 1920, under which the Northern Ireland provincial state created in that latter... The Regiment of the Infantry of the Line that became to be known as The Royal Ulster Rifles dates backs to the reign of King George III. In 1793 there was some expansion of the Armed Forces to meet the commitments of the war with France. ... The Imperial Yeomanry was created on December 24, 1899 — most units being raised during 1900 and 1901 — to allow volunteer cavalry troops to fight as mounted infantry alongside regular troops of the British Army in the Second Boer War as, at that time, Yeomanry regiments had no obligation to fight... Flag of the Orange Free State The Orange Free State (Afrikaans: Oranje Vrystaat) was the historical precursor to the present day Free State province of the Republic of South Africa. ... County Down, (An Dún in Irish) is one of the six counties of Northern Ireland, covering an area of 2,448 km² (945 square miles). ... In an unadorned church, the 17th century congregation stands to hear the sermon. ... The Prime Minister of Northern Ireland was the head of the Government of Northern Ireland, appointed by the Governor of Northern Ireland under the Government of Ireland Act 1920. ...

Bro. William Ferguson Massey, a native of Limavady who went on to be Prime Minister of New Zealand between 1912-1925, was a member of L.O.L. No.10 Auckland, New Zealand. William Ferguson Massey (often known simply as Bill Massey) served as Prime Minister of New Zealand from 1912 to 1925, and was the founder of the Reform Party. ... Limavady is a town in County Londonderry in Northern Ireland. ... The Prime Minister of New Zealand is New Zealands head of government and is the leader of the party or coalition with majority support in the Parliament of New Zealand. ... Auckland, in the North Island of New Zealand, is the largest urban area in New Zealand. ...

Orangemen fought in the Crimean War, Indian Mutiny and other conflicts. Crimean War 1853-6 The Crimean War lasted from 28 March 1854 until 1856. ... An engraving titled Sepoy Indian troops dividing the spoils after their mutiny against British rule gives a contemporary view of events from the British perspective. ...

On one occasion when men of the Royal Irish Fusiliers were granted an audience with the Pope, several Orangemen in the regiment wore their sashes under their army uniforms, rather than display them overtly and risk causing offence. The Pope is the Catholic Bishop and patriarch of Rome, and head of the Catholic Church. ...

Orangemen fought in both World Wars. The most famous battle in the folklore of the Order is the Battle of the Somme which began on 1st July 1916. Many Orangemen had joined the 36th Ulster Division which had been formed from various Ulster regiments and had also amalgamated Lord Edward Carson's Ulster Volunteer Force (who were formed to oppose Home Rule for Ireland) into its ranks. But for the outbreak of World War I, Ireland had been on the brink of civil war, as Orangemen had helped to smuggle thousands of rifles from Imperial Germany (see Larne Gun Running). Several hundred Glasgow Orangemen crossed to Belfast in September, 1914, to join the 36th (Ulster) Division. Roughly 5000 members of the 36th Ulster Division died on the first day of the battle. See Battle of the Somme (disambiguation) for other battles and meanings Battle of the Somme Conflict First World War Date 1 July 1916 – 18 November 1916 Place Somme, Picardy, France Result Stalemate The 1916 Battle of the Somme was one of the largest battles of the First World War, with... Edward Carson HMSO image Edward Henry Carson, 1st Baron Carson (February 9, 1854 – October 22, 1935) was a leader of the Irish Unionists, a Barrister and a Judge. ... The Ulster Volunteer Force (UVF) is a loyalist paramilitary (terrorist) group in Northern Ireland. ... Devolution or Home rule is the pooling of powers from central government to government at regional or local level. ... World War I was primarily a European conflict with many facets: immense human sacrifice, stalemate trench warfare, and the use of new, devastating weapons - tanks, aircraft, machineguns, and poison gas. ... A civil war is a war in which the competing parties are segments of the same country or empire. ... This article or section should include material from German Monarchy The term German Empire (the translation from German of Deutsches Reich) commonly refers to Germany, from its consolidation as a unified nation-state on January 18, 1871, until the abdication of Kaiser (Emperor) Wilhelm II on November 9, 1918. ... In March 1914 Prime Minister H.H. Asquith introduced his Home Rule Bill intro parliament into the House of Commons. ... Glasgows location in Scotland Glasgow (or Glaschu in Gaelic) is Scotlands largest city, situated on the River Clyde in the countrys west central lowlands. ...

In 1976 in Scotland, the Grand Lodge was frustrated in its attempt to expel a leading member of the Ulster Defence Association, Roddy MacDonald, from the Order, because of widespread support for the loyalist. The Order's democratic organisation makes it difficult for the Grand Lodge to overrule county or individual lodges. Other Scottish members were later convicted of smuggling guns and explosives to the UDA, although the Ulster Volunteer Force is thought to command more support among Scottish loyalists in recent years. 1976 is a leap year starting on Thursday (link will take you to calendar). ... The Ulster Defence Association (UDA) is a loyalist paramilitary organisation in Northern Ireland, outlawed as a terrorist group in the UK and Republic of Ireland, which is perceived by its supporters as defending the unionist community from Irish Republican Terrorism. ... In general, a loyalist is an individual who is loyal to the powers that be. ... The Ulster Volunteer Force (UVF) is a loyalist paramilitary (terrorist) group in Northern Ireland. ...

In July 2005, 12 people were fined €6,000 each by local government officials after organising an illegal Orange march in Benidorm, Spain, a popular holiday resort.