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Encyclopedia > Oregon Lyceum

The Oregon Lyceum or Pioneer Lyceum and Literary Club was founded in Oregon City, Oregon Country around 1840. The forum was a prominent fixture for the leading pioneer settlers during its brief existence. It would begin publishing the first American newspaper west of the Rocky Mountains in 1846 and had several names during its existence. Nickname: End of the Oregon Trail, OC Motto: Urbs civitatis nostrae prima et mater Location in Oregon Coordinates: Country United States State Oregon County Clackamas Founded 1829 Incorporated 1844 Government  - Mayor Alice Norris Area  - City  8. ... Landscape in Oregon Country, by Charles Marion Russell Map of Oregon Country Oregon Country was a region of western North America that originally consisted of the land north of 42°N latitude, south of 54°40N latitude, and west of the Rocky Mountains to the Pacific Ocean. ... 1840 is a leap year starting on Wednesday (link will take you to calendar). ... A family of Russian settlers in the Caucasus region, ca. ... For individual mountains named Rocky Mountain, see Rocky Mountain (disambiguation). ...

Contents

Founding

One source lists the founding of the institution as 1844,[1] but this is unlikely as there are many references to debates regarding forming a government in 1842.[2] The forum was likely started in 1842,[2] and was founded in an attempt to start a newspaper in the region.[1] That paper, the Oregon Spectator, began publishing in 1846.[1] The Lyceum’s first meeting was held at the home of Sidney Moss who had purchased his land in Oregon City from Dr. John McLoughlin of the Hudson's Bay Company.[2] Frederick Prigg was another member of the Lyceum that assisted in building the organization.[3] So was Portland co-founder Francis Pettygrove.[4] In addition to debates on government and the creation of a press, the group discussed literary items, scientific pursuits, and other local issues.[4] Literary works of the group were published in the Oregon Spectator.[5] Other names of the group included The Falls Debating Society, The Falls Association, and the Pioneer Lyceum and Literary Club.[5] Other members included Henry A. G. Lee, William H. Gray, Lansford W. Hastings, and Elisha Applegate.[5] John McLoughlin (NSHC statue) Dr. John McLoughlin (pronounced mc-lock-lin, October 19, 1784 – September 3, 1857), the Father of Oregon, was a fur trader and early settler in the Oregon Country in the Pacific Northwest. ... Hudsons Bay Company (HBC; Compagnie de la Baie dHudson in French) is the oldest commercial corporation in North America and is one of the oldest in the world. ... Francis Pettygrove (center) and others Francis William Pettygrove (born 1812 in Maine, died 1887 in Port Townsend, Washington), commonly known as William Pettygrove, was a pioneer and one of the founders of the cities of Portland, Oregon and Port Townsend, Washington. ... Henry A. G. Lee (c. ... It has been suggested that this article or section be merged with William H. Gray, III. (Discuss) William Herbert Gray III (August 20, 1941-) is the president and chief executive officer of the United Negro College Fund. ...


Government debate

Beginning in the fall and winter of 1840-1841 the members of the Lyceum debated the future of the region.[2] At the time neither the United States nor Great Britain could claim the Oregon Country under the terms of the Treaty of 1818 signed at the conclusion of the War of 1812. During these debates in Oregon City the European settlers argued about whether an independent country should be formed, or if a provisional government should be formed.[6] The Convention respecting fisheries, boundary, and the restoration of slaves between the United States and the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, also known as the London Convention, Anglo-American Convention of 1818, Convention of 1818, or simply the Treaty of 1818, was a treaty signed in 1818 between... This article is about the U.S. – U.K. war. ...


The group advocating an independent country tended to be British, including Dr. McLoughlin and the his HBC employees.[6] The Catholic block that consisted of mainly former French-Canadian trappers also sided with McLoughlin on this issue.[6] Their goal was to prevent the territory from becoming a part of the United States by forming a new country.[6] McLoughlin’s attorney , introduced a resolution on his behalf to the Lyceum as follows:

“Resolved, That it is expedient for the settlers of the coast to organize an independent government.”[6]

That resolution was adopted by the Oregon Lyceum.[6]


George Abernethy of the Methodist Mission then introduced a topic to be discussed the following week.[6] This new topic was to wait for the United States to annex the territory instead: George Abernethy (1807 - 1877) was a U.S. businessman. ... The Methodist Mission was founded in Oregon Country in 1834 by the Reverend Jason Lee. ...

“Resolved, That if the United States extends its jurisdiction over this country during the next four years it will not be expedient to form an independent government.”[6]

After debate by both sides of the issue, this resolution was passed.[6] Where ultimately the side advocating no independent nation prevailed.[2]


Later years

It is not known when the Oregon Lyceum disbanded, but the Lyceum movement in the United States died out around the turn of the Twentieth Century. The lyceum movement in the United States was a early form of organized adult education based on Aristotles Lyceum in Ancient Greece. ...


References

  1. ^ a b c Heinzkill, Richard (August 1993). A Brief History of Newspaper Publishing in Oregon. University of Oregon Libraries. Retrieved on 2007-02-11.
  2. ^ a b c d e Kohnen, Patricia. Clackamas County, 1800 to 1843. AT THE END OF THE TRAIL: An Introduction to Clackamas History. Retrieved on 2007-02-11.
  3. ^ Oregon Secretaries of State Biographical Sketches, 1841-Present. Oregon Blue Book. Oregon Secretary of State. Retrieved on 2007-02-11.
  4. ^ a b Kidd, Julie. Pettygrove. Multnomah County, Oregon GenWeb. Retrieved on 2007-02-11.
  5. ^ a b c Corning, Howard M. Dictionary of Oregon History. Binfords & Mort Publishing, 1956.
  6. ^ a b c d e f g h i Hines, Joseph Wilkinson. CHAPTER VIII. The Provisional Government.. Touching incidents in the life and labors of a pioneer on the Pacific coast since 1853. Library of Congress. Retrieved on 2007-02-11.


 

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