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Encyclopedia > Orgburo
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Communism

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Politics, sometimes defined as the art and science of government[1], is a process by which collective decisions are made within groups. ... This article is about communism as a form of society and as a political movement. ... Image File history File links Hammer_and_sickle. ... This article is in need of attention from an expert on the subject. ...


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Marxism is the philosophy, social theory and political practice based on the works of Karl Marx, a 19th century German socialist philosopher, economist, journalist, and revolutionary. ... Vladimir Lenin in 1920 Leninism is a political and economic theory which builds upon Marxism; it is therefore a branch of Marxism. ... Trotskyism is the theory of Marxism as advocated by Leon Trotsky. ... Maoism or Mao Zedong Thought (Chinese: 毛泽东思想, pinyin: Máo Zédōng Sīxiǎng), is a variant of Marxism-Leninism derived from the teachings of the Chinese communist Mao Zedong. ... Left Communism is a term describing a whole range of communist viewpoints which oppose the political ideas of the Bolsheviks from a position which is asserted to be more authentically Marxist and proletarian than the views held by the Communist International after its first two Congresses. ... Council communism is a Radical Left movement originating in Germany and the Netherlands in the 1920s. ... Anarchocommunism is a form of anarchism that advocates the abolition of the State and capitalism in favor of a horizontal network of voluntary associations through which everyone will be free to satisfy his or her needs. ... Christian communism is a form of religious communism centered around Christianity. ...


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Related subjects
Socialism
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Marxism-Leninism
Eurocommunism
Religious communism
New Left
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Historical materialism
Anti-communism
Socialism refers to a broad array of doctrines, and may also refer to political movements that aspire to put these doctrines into practice. ... Titoism is a term describing political ideology named after Yugoslav leader, Josip Broz Tito, primarily used to describe the schism between the Soviet Union and Socialist Yugoslavia after the Second World War (see Cominform) when the Communist Party of Yugoslavia refused to take further dictates from Moscow. ... Vladimir Lenin in 1920 Leninism is a political and economic theory which builds upon Marxism; it is a branch of Marxism (and it has been the dominant branch of Marxism in the world since the 1920s). ... Eurocommunism was an attempt in the 1970s by various European communist parties to widen their appeal by embracing public sector middle-class workers, new social movements such as feminism and gay liberation, rejecting support of the Soviet Union, and expressing more clearly their fidelity to democratic institutions. ... Religious communism is a term used by some Communists that claim that before communism became associated with atheism, the word communism was mainly used by religious groups. ... The New Left is a term used in political discourse to refer to radical left-wing movements from the 1960s onwards. ... A planned economy is an economic system in which decisions about the production, allocation and consumption of goods and services are planned ahead of time, usually in a centralized fashion, though some proposed systems favour decentralized planning. ... Historical materialism is the methodological approach to the study of society, economics and history which was first articulated by Karl Marx (1818-1883), although Marx himself never used the term. ... Anti-communism is an ideology of opposition to communist organization, government and ideology. ...

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Contents


Existence of Orgburo

The Orgburo existed from 1919 to 1952, until the 19th Congress, when the Orgburo was abolished and its functions were transferred to the enlarged Secretariat.


Role of Orgburo

The sub-committee of the Politiburo in the Communist Party hierarchy was the Organizational Bureau (Orgburo), which was created to make important decisions about organizational work in the USSR. The Orgburo oversaw the work of local party committees and had the power to select and place Communist members in the positions that they saw fit. The functions of the Orgburo and the Politburo were often intertconnected, but the Politburo was ultimatly the final decision maker. While the Politburo was mostly concerned with strategic planning and monitoring of the people and status of the USSR, the Orgburo helped improve the nation by proper distribution of party forces.


Election and Power of Officials

The Orgburo was elected in the same manner as the Politburo and the Secretariat by the plenums of the Central Committee. One of the Central Committee secretaries supervised the work of the Orgburo. The first Orgburo of three members (Vladimirsky, Krestinsky and Sverdlov) was elected on January 16 1919, at the Central Committee meeting. The 8th party congress (March 8 1919 - Mar 23,1919) amended the party charter and set up provisions for election of the Politburo, the Orgburo and the Secretariat. The Central Committee plenum elected the new Orgburo of five members and of one candidate member on 25 Mar 1919. Some key Communist politicians such as Stalin, Molotov, Kaganovich and others were both members of the Orgburo and of the Politburo, but most of the Orgburo members were less important figures than those elected to the Politburo and the Secretariat.


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