NationMaster - Encyclopedia: Orobanchaceae

Orobanchaceae , or the broomrape family, is a family of flowering plants of the order Lamiales, with about 25 genera and more than 200 species. Many of these genera were formerly included in the family Scrophulariaceae s.l. Together they are a monophyletic group, forming a distinct family. In biological classification, family (Latin: familia, plural familiae) is 1) a rank or 2) a taxon in that rank. ... Classes Magnoliopsida - Dicots Liliopsida - Monocots The flowering plants (also called angiosperms) are the dominant and most familiar group of land plants. ... In scientific classification used in biology, the order (Latin: ordo, plural ordines) is a rank between class and family (termed a taxon at that rank). ... Families See text The Order Lamiales is a taxon in the asterid group of dicotyledonous flowering plants. ... In biology, a genus (plural genera) is a taxonomic grouping. ... Genera See text. ... In phylogenetics, a group is monophyletic (Greek: of one stem) if all organisms in that group are known to have developed from a common ancestral form, and all descendants of that form are included in the group. ...

This is a cosmopolitan family, found mainly in temperate Eurasia, except South America, parts of Australia and New Zealand. There are only a few tropical African and American species. A cosmopolitan distribution is a term applied to a biological category of living things meaning that this category can be found anywhere around the world. ... In geography, temperate latitudes of the globe lie between the tropics and the polar circles. ... Eurasia African-Eurasian aspect of Earth Eurasia is the Earths largest landmass covering about 21215121321kmÂ² compared with the Americas (approximately 42,000,000 kmÂ²), Africa (approximately 30,000,000 kmÂ²), and Antarctica (approximately 13,000,000 kmÂ²). Eurasia comprises the traditional continents of Europe and Asia. ... South America South America is a continent crossed by the equator, with most of its area in the Southern Hemisphere. ... A world map showing the continent of Africa Africa is the worlds second-largest and second most-populous continent, after Asia. ...

These plants are holoparasitic or hemiparasitic, annual or perennial herbs growing on the roots of their host. The holoparasitic species are completely parasitic, lack chlorophyll, and cannot perform photosynthesis. The hemiparasitic species (transferred from Scrophulariaceae) are capable of photosynthesis, while also being parasitic. A parasite is an organism that lives in or on the living tissue of a host organism at the expense of it. ... Peas are an annual plant. ... Red Valerian, a perennial plant. ... Primary and secondary roots in a cotton plant In vascular plants, the root is that organ of a plant body that typically lies below the surface of the soil (compare with stem). ... The different chlorophyll and non-chlorophyll pigments associated with the photosystems all have different spectra, either because the spectra of the different chlorophyll pigments are modified by their local protein environment, or because the accessory pigments have intrinsically different absorption spectra from chlorophyll. ... The leaf is the primary site of photosynthesis in plants. ...

Only few species possess an extensive root system. In most species there is a swollen mass of short, bulky roots or one big swollen organ, simple or composite. The roots are attached to their host by means of hooked haustoria, which transfer nutrients from the host to the parasite. Haustorium, plural Haustoria, is the hyphal tip of a parasitic fungus that penetrates the hosts tissue, but stays outside the host cell membrane. ... A nutrient is either a chemical element or compound used in an organisms metabolism or physiology. ...

They have reduced, somewhat fleshy, scaly, sessile leaves. These simple, lanceolate, oblong to ovate scales are small and alternate. â€œFoliageâ€ redirects here. ...

The hermaphroditic flowers are bilaterally symmetrical and grow either in racemes or spikes or singly at the apex of the slender stem. The tubular calyx is formed by 2-5 united sepals. There are five united, bilabiate petals forming the corolla. The upper lip is two-lobed, the lower lip is three-lobed. There are two long and two short stamens on slender filaments, inserted below the middle, or at the base of the corolla tube, alternating with the lobes of the tube. A fifth stamen is either sterile or lacking completely. The anthers dehisce via longitudinal slits. The pistil is one-celled. The ovary is superior. The flowers are pollinated by insects. The 1st-century BC sculpture The Reclining Hermaphrodite, in the Museo Nazionale Romano, Palazzo Massimo Alle Terme in Rome A hermaphrodite is an organism that possesses both male and female sex organs during its life. ... This inflorescence of the terrestrial orchid Spathoglottis plicata is a typical raceme. ... The word calyx has several possible meanings: Look up calyx in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ... It has been suggested that Corolla be merged into this article or section. ... Corolla can be: A Latin-language term for crown The Toyota Corolla, a model of automobile manufactured by Toyota The corolla is one whorl of the perianth of a flower and composed of petals The town of Corolla, North Carolina This is a disambiguation page, a list of pages that... Stamens of the Amaryllis with prominent anthers carrying pollen Insects, while collecting nectar, unintentionally transfer pollen from one flower to another, bringing about pollination The stamen (from Latin stamen meaning thread of the warp) is the male organ of a flower. ... Stamens of the Amaryllis with prominent anthers carrying pollen Insects, while collecting nectar, unintentionally transfer pollen from one flower to another, bringing about pollination The stamen (from Latin stamen meaning thread of the warp) is the male organ of a flower. ... Flower of the spider tree (Crateva religiosa) with its numerous conspicuous stamens The stamen is the male organ of a flower. ... The Pistil is the part of the flower made up of one or more carpels. ... A flower-fly pollinating a Common Daisy (Bellis perennis) Pollination is an important step in the reproduction of seed plants: the transfer of pollen grains (male gametes) to the plant carpel, the structure that contains the ovule (female gamete). ...

The fruit is a dehiscent, non-fleshy, 1-locular capsule with many very minute endospermic seeds. These are dispersed by the wind over long distances, increasing their chances to find a new host. For other uses, see Fruit (disambiguation). ... Flowers and fruit (capsules) of the ground orchid, Spathoglottis plicata. ... A ripe red jalapeÃ±o cut open to show the seeds For other uses, see Seed (disambiguation). ...

The plants may be yellowish, brownish, purplish, or white but lack any green color, except the hemiparasitic parasites.

This family has no economic importance, except for some species being harmful to feed crops.

Image File history File links Metadata Size of this preview: 450 Ã— 600 pixelsFull resolution (1200 Ã— 1600 pixel, file size: 451 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) Name Cistanche phelypaea Familiy Orobanchaceae Taken by Carsten Niehaus. ... Image File history File links Metadata Size of this preview: 450 Ã— 600 pixelsFull resolution (1200 Ã— 1600 pixel, file size: 451 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) Name Cistanche phelypaea Familiy Orobanchaceae Taken by Carsten Niehaus. ... Image File history File links Metadata Size of this preview: 450 Ã— 600 pixelsFull resolution (1200 Ã— 1600 pixel, file size: 497 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) Species Bellardia trixago Familia Orobanchaceae Taken by Carsten Niehaus. ... Image File history File links Metadata Size of this preview: 450 Ã— 600 pixelsFull resolution (1200 Ã— 1600 pixel, file size: 497 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) Species Bellardia trixago Familia Orobanchaceae Taken by Carsten Niehaus. ...

Genera

Lathraea has traditionally been placed in the Orobanchaceae, but some recent evidence suggests it should be transferred to the Scrophulariaceae. Species Seven species, including: Lathraea clandestina Lathraea japonica Lathraea squamaria Toothwort (Lathraea) is a small genus of 7 species of flowering plants, native to temperate Europe and Asia. ...

Categories: Lamiales | Orobanchaceae Species About 200 species, including: Castilleja chromosa Castilleja coccinea Castilleja exserta Castilleja indivisa Castilleja miniata Castilleja mutis Castilleja neglecta Castilleja pallida lies i tell u lies! Castilleja is a genus of about 200 species of annual and perennial herbaceous plants native to the west of the Americas from Alaska south... holis is a small genus of flowering plants in the family Orobanchaceae. ... Species See text. ... Species See text Euphrasia (eyebright) is a genus of about 450 species of herbaceous flowering plants in the family Orobanchaceae, with a cosmopolitan distribution. ... Species Seven species, including: Lathraea clandestina Lathraea japonica Lathraea squamaria Toothwort (Lathraea) is a small genus of 7 species of flowering plants, native to temperate Europe and Asia. ... Species See text. ... Odontites Categories: Plant stubs | Lamiales ... Species See text. ... Species 500+, see text The louseworts are a genus Pedicularis of perennial green root-parasite plants belonging to the broomrape family Orobanchaceae. ... Species See text Rhinanthus (Rattle) is a genus of annual hemiparasitic herbs in the family Orobanchaceae, but formerly included in the family Scrophulariaceae. ... Image File history File links Commons-logo. ... The Wikimedia Commons (also called Wikicommons) is a repository of free content images, sound and other multimedia files. ...

Encyclopedia > Orobanchaceae

Genera