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Part of the Politics series on Trotskyism

Leon Trotsky Fourth International Wikipedia does not have an article with this exact name. ... The International Committee of the Fourth International (ICFI) was a Trotskyist international network, formed in 1953 by groups who disagreed with the course of the Fourth International under Michel Raptis (Pablo) and Ernest Mandel. ... Politics is a process by which decisions are made within groups. ... Trotskyism is the theory of Marxism as advocated by Leon Trotsky. ... Image File history File links Download high resolution version (919x1134, 8 KB) Logo Vierte Internationale (Fourth International) Vectorized and exported version in PNG format of Image:Logo of the Fourth International. ... (Russian: Лев Давидович Троцкий; also transliterated Leo, Lev, Trotskii, Trotski, Trotskij, Trockij and Trotzky) (November 7 [O.S. October 26] 1879 – August 21, 1940), born Lev Davidovich Bronstein (Лев Давидович Бронштейн), was a Bolshevik revolutionary and Marxist theorist. ... The Fourth International (FI) has been a socialist international organisation working in opposition to both capitalism and to Stalinism. Consisting of supporters of Trotsky, it has striven for an eventual victory of the working class to bring about socialism. ...

Marxism Leninism Russian Revolution Marxism refers to the philosophy and social theory on one hand, and to the political practice based on Marxist theory on the other hand (namely, parts of the First International during Marxs time, communist parties and later states). ... Vladimir Lenin in 1920 Leninism is a political and economic theory which builds upon Marxism; it is therefore a branch of Marxism. ... The October Revolution, also known as the Bolshevik Revolution or November Revolution, was the second phase of the Russian Revolution of 1917, the first having been instigated by the events around the February Revolution. ... Prominent Trotskyists James P. Cannon Tony Cliff Ted Grant Joseph Hansen Gerry Healy Alain Krivine Arlette Laguiller Pierre Lambert Livio Maitan Ernest Mandel Nahuel Moreno J. Posadas Max Shachtman Peter Taaffe Alan Woods James Cannon in Moscow (1922) James Patrick Cannon (1890-1974) was an American Communist and Trotskyist leader. ... Tony Cliff (May 20, 1917 – May 9, 2000) was a Trotskyist revolutionary activist. ... Edward (Ted) Grant (born July 9, 1913) is a Trotskyist politician. ... Joseph Hansen (1910-1979), was an American Communist and leading figure in the Socialist Workers Party. ... Gerry Healy (December 3, 1913 - December 14, 1989) was a Trotskyist activist. ... Alain Krivine is a leader of the Trotskyist movement in France. ... Arlette Laguiller (born March 18, 1940) is the spokeswoman and by far the best known leader of the Lutte Ouvrière French Trotskyist political party. ... Pierre Lambert (born June 9, 1920) (real name Pierre Boussel) is a French Trotskyist leader. ... Livio Maitan was an Italian Trotskyist, leader of Assoziazione Bandiera Rossa. ... Ernest Mandel Ernest Ezra Mandel, also known by various pseudonyms such as Ernest Germain, Pierre Gousset, Henri Vallin, Walter etc. ... Nahuel Moreno (April 24, 1924 - January 25, 1987) (real name Hugo Bressano) was a Trotskyist leader from Argentina. ... J. Posadas (1912-1981) (occasionally referred to as Juan Posadas), was the pseudonym of Homero Cristali, an Argentinian Trotskyist. ... Max Shachtman (September 10, 1904 - November 4, 1972) was an American Marxist theorist. ... Peter Taaffe is a Trotskyist political figure and general secretary of the Socialist Party of England and Wales. ... Alan Woods is a British activist born in Swansea, South Wales in 1944 into a working-class family with a strong Communist tradition. ... Trotskyist groups CWI · ICFI · ICU IMT · IST reunified FI This is a list of the many Trotskyist international tendencies. ... The Committee for a Workers International (CWI) is an international association of Trotskyist Parties. ... The International Committee of the Fourth International (ICFI) is a Trotskyist international. ... The Internationalist Communist Union (in French, Union Communiste Internationaliste) is an international grouping of Trotskyist political parties, centred on Lutte Ouvrière in France. ... The International Marxist Tendency (IMT) is a Trotskyist tendency based on the ideas of Ted Grant. ... The International Socialist Tendency is an international grouping of organisations around the ideas of Tony Cliff, founder of the Socialist Workers Party in the UK. It has sections across the world, however its strongest presence is in Europe, especially in the UK, Greece and Ireland. ... The reunified Fourth International was created in 2003 by the reunification of the majorities of two public factions of the Fourth International: the International Secretariat of the Fourth International (ISFI) and the International Committee of the Fourth International (ICFI). ... Branches Orthodox Trotskyism Third camp The third camp, also known as third camp socialism or third camp Trotskyism, is a branch of Trotskyism which aims to oppose both capitalism and Stalinism by supporting the organised working class as a third camp. This approach was developed by Max Shachtman and is one of the major components...

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Orthodox Trotskyism is a branch of Trotskyism which aims to adhere more closely to the methods and positions of Trotsky and the early Fourth International than other Trotskyists. In particular, it holds that the Soviet Union was a degenerated workers' state and other similar societies are deformed workers' states. Trotskyism is the theory of Marxism as advocated by Leon Trotsky. ... 1915 passport photo of Trotsky Leon Davidovich Trotsky (Russian: Лев Давидович Троцкий; also transliterated Trotskii, Trotski, Trotzky) (October 26 (O.S.) = November 7 (N.S.), 1879 - August 21, 1940), born Lev Davidovich Bronstein (Лев Давидович Бронштейн), was a Bolshevik revolutionary and Marxist intellectual. ... The Fourth International (FI) has been a socialist international organisation working in opposition to both capitalism and to Stalinism. Consisting of supporters of Trotsky, it has striven for an eventual victory of the working class to bring about socialism. ... In Trotskyist political theory the term degenerated workers state has been used since the 1930s to describe the state of the Soviet Union after Stalins consolidation of power in or about 1924. ... In Trotskyist political theory, deformed workers states are states where the bourgeoisie has been overthrown through social revolution, the industrial means of production have been largely nationalized, but where the working class has never held political power (as it did in Russia shortly after the Russian Revolution). ...

The first Trotskyist international to describe itself as "Orthodox Trotskyist" was the International Committee of the Fourth International (ICFI). Shortly after its formation in 1953, it wrote an open letter in which it described the tradition of the Fourth International as Orthodox Trotskyism, and called for Orthodox Trotskyists to rally to the ICFI.^[1] "Orthodox Trotskyism" embodied their opposition to the International Secretariat of the Fourth International (ISFI), whose policies they described as "Pabloism". The ICFI claimed that it alone defended the principles of the Fourth International, while the "Pabloites" subordinated the international workers movement to the bureaucracies or bourgeois leaders.^[2] This is a list of the many Trotskyist international tendencies. ... The International Committee of the Fourth International (ICFI) is a Trotskyist international. ... An open letter is a letter that is intended to be read by a wide audience. ... Initially the title International Secretariat of the Fourth International was the name given to the executive committee responsible for the regular operation of the Fourth International (FI) founded in 1938. ... Michel Pablo (August 24, 1911 - February 17, 1996 ) was the pseudonym of Michel N. Raptis, a Greek Trotskyist leader. ... Bourgeois at the end of the thirteenth century. ...

The subsequent history of Orthodox Trotskyism is essentially that of the ICFI. Its largest section, the American Socialist Workers Party, left to join the "Pabloites" in 1963. The Orthodox Trotskyists suffered another split in 1973 between the Socialist Labour League (SLL) of Gerry Healy and the Internationalist Communist Organisation (OCI) of Pierre Lambert. The official explanation for the split was that the OCI believed that Orthodox Trotskyism should be based on Trotsky's Transitional Programme, while the SLL held that as the Transitional Programme was merely that outcome of Trotsky's application of Marxist dialectics, it was possible and even necessary to revise Trotsky's programme as the objective situation changed.^[3] The Socialist Workers Party is a small communist political party in the United States. ... The Workers Revolutionary Party was a Trotskyist political party in the United Kingdom. ... Gerry Healy (December 3, 1913 - December 14, 1989) was a Trotskyist activist. ... The Internationalist Communist Organisation (French: Organisation Communiste Internationaliste, OCI) was a Trotskyist political party in France. ... Pierre Lambert (born June 9, 1920) (real name Pierre Boussel) is a French Trotskyist leader. ... The full name of the Transitional Program is The Death Agony of Capitalism and the Tasks of the Fourth International:The Mobilization of the Masses around Transitional Demands to Prepare the Conquest of Power. ... Marxism is the political practice and social theory based on the works of Karl Marx, a 19th century philosopher, economist, journalist, and revolutionary, along with Friedrich Engels. ... Broadly speaking, a dialectic (Greek: διαλεκτική) is an exchange of propositions (theses) and counter-propositions (antitheses) resulting in a disagreement. ...

Today, the surviving ICFI continue to characterise their politics as Orthodox Trotskyism.^[2] Other groups have come to Orthodox Trotskyism from different backgrounds, and either like the International Trotskyist Committee believe that the ICFI later degenerated,^[4], or like the Liaison Committee of Militants for a Revolutionary Communist International, that the ICFI never represented healthy Orthodox Trotskyism, but that they support the early Fourth International and its approach in a similar manner.^[5] The Liaison Committee of Militants for a Revolutionary Communist International (Spanish: Comite de Enlace de Militantes por una Internacional Comunista Revolucionaria) was an international organisation of Trotskyist groups, consisting of the following groups: Communist Workers Group - New Zealand Poder Obrero - Bolivia Poder Obrero - Peru Poder Obrero - Colombia Militants in Europe...

Orthodox Trotskyism has been critiqued by activists from the Third Camp socialist tradition and from the International Socialist Tendency. Max Shachtman of the Workers Party was describing the Fourth International as Orthodox Trotskyist by 1948.^[6] The IST similarly criticises both the ICFI and the ISFI traditions as Orthodox Trotskyist.^[7] The International Socialist Tendency is an international grouping of organisations around the ideas of Tony Cliff, founder of the Socialist Workers Party in the UK. It has sections across the world, however its strongest presence is in Europe, especially in the UK, Greece and Ireland. ... Max Shachtman (September 10, 1904 - November 4, 1972) was an American Marxist theorist. ... The Workers Party was a Trotskyist group in the United States. ...

References

1. ^ A Letter to Trotskyists Throughout the World
2. ^ ^a b Bill Vann, Bill Vann replies to a member of the International Socialist Organization
3. ^ Bob Pitt, The Rise and Fall of Gerry Healy
4. ^ The Founding Documents of the International Trotskyist Committee
5. ^ José Villa, Ten Years of the LRCI
6. ^ Max Shachtman, An Analysis of the Bankruptcy of "Orthodox Trotskyism"
7. ^ Alex Callinicos, Trotskyism