NationMaster - Encyclopedia: Osorkon I

The son of Shoshenq I and his chief consort, Karomat A, Sekhemkheperre Osorkon I was the second king of Egypt's 22nd Dynasty and ruled around 922 BC-887 BC. He succeeded his father Shoshenq I who probably died within 2-3 years of his successful 925 BC campaign against the kingdoms of Israel and Judah. Osorkon I's reign is known for many temple building projects and was a long and prosperous period of Egypt's History. His highest known date is a "Year 33 Second Heb Sed" inscription found on the bandage of Nakhtefmut's Mummy which held a bracellet inscribed with Osorkon I's praenomen: Sekhemkheperre. This date can only belong to Osorkon I since no other early Dynasty 22 king ruled for close to 30 years until the time of Osorkon II. Other mummy linens which belong to his reign include three separate bandages dating to his Regnal Years 11, 12, and 23 on the mummy of Khonsmaakheru in Berlin. The bandages are anonymously dated but definitely belong to his reign because Khonsmaakheru wore leather bands that contained a menat-tab naming Osorkon I (see Altenmüller below). Secondly, no other king who ruled around Osorkon I's reign had a 23rd Regnal Year including Shoshenq I who died in his Year 22. Image File history File links Download high-resolution version (2952x4560, 1511 KB) [edit] Description [edit] Licensing Work by Rama File links The following pages on the English Wikipedia link to this file (pages on other projects are not listed): Osorkon I ... Image File history File links Download high-resolution version (2952x4560, 1511 KB) [edit] Description [edit] Licensing Work by Rama File links The following pages on the English Wikipedia link to this file (pages on other projects are not listed): Osorkon I ... The Fivefold Titulary of an Egyptian Pharaoh is the standard naming convention taken by the kings of Ancient Egypt. ... The ruins of the Crusader castle in Byblos. ... nomen or birth name Hedjkheperre Setepenre Shoshenq I (Egyptian Å¡Å¡nq), also known as Sheshonk or Sheshonq I (for discussion of the spelling, see Shoshenq), was a Meshwesh Libyan king of Egypt and founder of the Twenty-second Dynasty. ... Known rulers, in the History of Egypt, for the Twenty-Second Dynasty. ... Centuries: 11th century BC - 10th century BC - 9th century BC Decades: 970s BC 960s BC 950s BC 940s BC 930s BC - 920s BC - 910s BC 900s BC 890s BC 880s BC 870s BC Events and Trends 925 BC - On the death of king Solomon, his son Rehoboam is unable to... Centuries: 10th century BC - 9th century BC - 8th century BC Decades: 930s BC 920s BC 910s BC 900s BC 890s BC - 880s BC - 870s BC 860s BC 850s BC 840s BC 830s BC Events and trends 889 BC - Takelot succeeds his father Osorkon I as king of Egypt. ... nomen or birth name Hedjkheperre Setepenre Shoshenq I (Egyptian Å¡Å¡nq), also known as Sheshonk or Sheshonq I (for discussion of the spelling, see Shoshenq), was a Meshwesh Libyan king of Egypt and founder of the Twenty-second Dynasty. ... Kingdom of Judah (Hebrew ×žÖ·×œÖ°×›×•Ö¼×ª ×™Ö°×”×•Ö¼×“Ö¸×”, Standard Hebrew Malá¸«ut YÉ™huda, Tiberian Hebrew Malá¸µÃ»á¹¯ YÉ™hÃ»á¸Äh) in the times of the Hebrew Bible, was the nation formed from the territories of the tribes of Judah, Simeon, and Benjamin after the Kingdom of Israel was divided, and was named after Judah... The Angkor Wat Hindu temple in Cambodia is the largest in the world. ... The sed festival (or heb sed) was an Ancient Egyptian ceremony held to celebrate the continued rule of a pharaoh. ... The Fivefold Titulary of an Egyptian Pharaoh is the standard naming convention taken by the kings of Ancient Egypt. ... Osorkons cartouche from his tomb in Tanis Usimare Setepenamun Osorkon II was a pharaoh of the Twenty-second Dynasty of Ancient Egypt and the son of Takelot I and Queen Kapes. ... nomen or birth name Hedjkheperre Setepenre Shoshenq I (Egyptian Å¡Å¡nq), also known as Sheshonk or Sheshonq I (for discussion of the spelling, see Shoshenq), was a Meshwesh Libyan king of Egypt and founder of the Twenty-second Dynasty. ...

While Manetho gives Osorkon I a reign of 15 Years in his Ægyptiaca, this is most likely an error for 35 Years based on the evidence of the second Heb Sed bandage, as Kenneth Kitchen notes. Osorkon I's throne name--Sekhemkheperre--means "Powerful are the Manifestations of Re." (Clayton: p.185) Manetho, also known as Manethon of Sebennytos, was an Egyptian historian and priest from Sebennytos who lived during the Ptolematic era, circa 3rd century BC. Manetho recorded Aegyptiaca (History of Egypt). ... Kenneth Anderson Kitchen (born 1932) is Personal and Brunner Professor Emeritus of Egyptology and Honorary Research Fellow at the School of Archaeology, Classics and Oriental Studies, University of Liverpool, England. ...

Osorkon I's successor

Although Osorkon I is thought to have been directly succeeded by his son Takelot I, it is possible that another ruler, Heqakheperre Shoshenq II, intervened briefly between these two kings because Takelot I was a son of Osorkon I through Queen Tashedkhons, a secondary wife of this king. In contrast, Osorkon I's senior wife was Queen Maatkare B, who may have been Shoshenq II's mother. However, Shoshenq II could also have been another son of Shoshenq I since the latter was the only other king to be mentioned in objects from Shoshenq II's intact royal tomb at Tanis aside from Shoshenq II himself. These objects are inscribed with either Shoshenq I's praenomen Hedjkheperre Shoshenq (though this is not certain as it requires reading the objects as a massive hierogylyphic text), or Shoshenq, Great Chief of the Meshwesh, which was Shoshenq I's title before he became king. Since Derry's forensic examination of his Mummy reveals him to be a Man in his fifties upon his death, Shoshenq II could have lived beyond Osorkon's 35 year reign and Takelot I's 13 year reign to assumed the throne for a few short years. Against this proposal is the fact that most kings of the period are named after their grandfathers, and not their fathers. Hedjkheperre Setepenre Takelot I was a son of Osorkon I and Queen Tashedkhons, and the father of Osorkon II. He ruled Egypt for 13 Years according to Manetho. ... Heqakheperre Shoshenq II was an Egyptian king of the 22nd dynasty. ... nomen or birth name Hedjkheperre Setepenre Shoshenq I (Egyptian Å¡Å¡nq), also known as Sheshonk or Sheshonq I (for discussion of the spelling, see Shoshenq), was a Meshwesh Libyan king of Egypt and founder of the Twenty-second Dynasty. ... or Tanis (Î¤Î¬Î½Î¹Ï‚), the Greek name of ancient Djanet (modern ØµØ§Ù† Ø§Ù„ØØ¬Ø± á¹¢Än al-á¸¤aÇ§ar), is a city in the north-eastern Nile delta of Egypt (). It lays on the Tanitic branch of the Nile (now silted up), and it was the supposed site of some of the action in the film... The Meshwesh (often abbreviated in ancient Egyptian as Ma) were an ancient Libyan (i. ...

While Kenneth A. Kitchen (1996, §269) views Shoshenq II as the High Priest of Amun at Thebes Shoshenq C, and a short-lived coregent of Osorkon I who predeceased his father, the well-respected German Egyptologist Jürgen von Beckerath in his seminal 1997 book, Chronologie des Pharaonischen Ägypten, maintains that Shoshenq II was rather an independent king of Tanis who ruled the 22nd Dynasty in his own right for ca.2 Years. (Beckerath, Chronologie, pp.94-98) This hypothesis is supported by the fact that Shoshenq II employed a complete royal titulary along with a distinct prenomen Heqakheperre and his intact tomb at Tanis was filled with numerous treasures including jewelled pectorals and bracellets, an impressive falconheaded silver coffin and a gold face mask–items which indicate a genuine king of the 22nd Dynasty. More significantly, however, no mention of Osorkon I's name was preserved on any ushabtis, jars, jewelry or other objects within Shoshenq II's tomb. This situation would be improbable if he was indeed Osorkon I's son, and was buried by his father, as Kitchen's Chronology suggests. These facts, taken together, imply that Sheshonq II ruled on his own accord at Tanis and was not a mere coregent. Kenneth Anderson Kitchen (born 1932) is Personal and Brunner Professor Emeritus of Egyptology and Honorary Research Fellow at the School of Archaeology, Classics and Oriental Studies, University of Liverpool, England. ... Shoshenq C was the eldest son of Osorkon I and served as the High Priest of Amun at Thebes during his fathers reign. ... JÃ¼rgen von Beckerath (born 19 February 1920) is a prominent German Egyptologist. ... The Fivefold Titulary of an Egyptian Pharaoh is the standard naming convention taken by the kings of Ancient Egypt. ... A Ushabti (also called shabti or shawabti and with a number of variant spellings) is a small figurine of Ancient Egypt, included in the grave goods of the dead. ...

Manetho's Epitome states that "3 Kings" separate Osorkon I from Takelot I. (Beckerath, Chronologie, p.95) This could be an error on Manetho's part or an allusion to Shoshenq II's reign. It may also be a reference to the recently discovered early Dynasty 22 king Tutkheperre Shoshenq, whose existence is now corroborated by an architectural block from the Great Temple of Bubastis, where Osorkon I and Osorkon II are well attested monumentally. (Eva Lange, GM 203) Manetho, also known as Manethon of Sebennytos, was an Egyptian historian and priest from Sebennytos who lived during the Ptolematic era, circa 3rd century BC. Manetho recorded Aegyptiaca (History of Egypt). ... King Tutkheperre or Tutkheperra Shoshenq was an obscure Third Intermediate Period Libyan king whose existence was previously unknown. ...

Aftermath

Osorkon I's reign in Egypt was peaceful and uneventful; however, both his son and grandson, Takelot I and Osorkon II respectively, later encountered difficulties controlling Thebes and Upper Egypt within their own reigns since they had to deal with a rival king: Harsiese A. Osorkon I's tomb has never been found. Hedjkheperre Setepenre Takelot I was a son of Osorkon I and Queen Tashedkhons, and the father of Osorkon II. He ruled Egypt for 13 Years according to Manetho. ... Osorkons cartouche from his tomb in Tanis Usimare Setepenamun Osorkon II was a pharaoh of the Twenty-second Dynasty of Ancient Egypt and the son of Takelot I and Queen Kapes. ... Map of Upper and Lower Egypt Ancient Egypt was divided into two kingdoms, known as Upper and Lower Egypt. ... King Hedjkheperre Setepenamun Harsiese or Harsiese A, is viewed by the eminent scholar Kenneth Kitchen in his books on the Third Intermediate Period in Egypt, to be both a High Priest of Amun(HPA) and the son of the High Priest of Amun, Shoshenq C. The archaeological evidence does suggest...

Bibliography

JÃ¼rgen von Beckerath (born 19 February 1920) is a prominent German Egyptologist. ... Kenneth Anderson Kitchen (born 1932) is Personal and Brunner Professor Emeritus of Egyptology and Honorary Research Fellow at the School of Archaeology, Classics and Oriental Studies, University of Liverpool, England. ...

External links

Categories: 887 BC deaths | Pharaohs of the Twenty-second dynasty of Egypt This article contains a list of the pharaohs of Ancient Egypt, from the Early Dynastic Period before 3000 BC through to the end of the Ptolemaic Dynasty, when Egypt became a province of Rome under Augustus Caesar in 30 BC. It should be noted that there are three women rulers... nomen or birth name Hedjkheperre Setepenre Shoshenq I (Egyptian Å¡Å¡nq), also known as Sheshonk or Sheshonq I (for discussion of the spelling, see Shoshenq), was a Meshwesh Libyan king of Egypt and founder of the Twenty-second Dynasty. ... Pharaoh is a title used to refer to any ruler, usually male, of the Egyptian kingdom in the pre-Christian, pre-Islamic period. ... Centuries: 11th century BC - 10th century BC - 9th century BC Decades: 970s BC 960s BC 950s BC 940s BC 930s BC - 920s BC - 910s BC 900s BC 890s BC 880s BC 870s BC Events and Trends 925 BC - On the death of king Solomon, his son Rehoboam is unable to... Centuries: 10th century BC - 9th century BC - 8th century BC Decades: 930s BC 920s BC 910s BC 900s BC 890s BC - 880s BC - 870s BC 860s BC 850s BC 840s BC 830s BC Events and trends 889 BC - Takelot succeeds his father Osorkon I as king of Egypt. ... Known rulers, in the History of Egypt, for the Twenty-Second Dynasty. ... Hedjkheperre Setepenre Takelot I was a son of Osorkon I and Queen Tashedkhons, and the father of Osorkon II. He ruled Egypt for 13 Years according to Manetho. ...

Contents

Osorkon I's successor var ACE_AR = {Site: '756743', Size: '300250'};

Aftermath

Bibliography

External links

Osorkon I's successor