Portrait of Oswald de Andrade by Tarsila do Amaral

José Oswald de Andrade Souza (January 11, 1890–October 22, 1954) was a Brazilian poet and polemicist. He was born and spent most of his life in São Paulo. Image File history File links Oswald_de_Andrade. ... Image File history File links Oswald_de_Andrade. ... Tarsila do Amaral, (b. ... January 11 is the 11th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... 1890 was a common year starting on Wednesday (see link for calendar). ... October 22 is the 295th day of the year (296th in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar, with 70 days remaining. ... 1954 (MCMLIV) was a common year starting on Friday of the Gregorian calendar. ... Poet is a term applied to a person who composes poetry, including extended forms such as dramatic verse. ... Polemic is the art or practice of disputation or controversy, as in religious, philosophical, or political matters. ... São Paulo (the Portuguese name of Saint Paul) is the capital of the state of São Paulo in southeastern Brazil. ...

Andrade was one of the founders of Brazilian modernism and a member of the Group of Five, along with Mário de Andrade, Anita Malfatti, Tarsila do Amaral and Menotti del Picchia. He participated in the Week of Modern Art (Semana de Arte Moderna). Modernism is an artistic and cultural movement that generally includes progressive art and architecture, music and literature emerging in the decades before 1914, as artists rebelled against late 19th century academic and historicist traditions. ... Painting of Mário de Andrade (1927) by Lasar Segall, a Lithuanian painter in Brazil whom Andrade befriended; Andrade wrote a book about him in 1935. ... Anita Malfatti, O Homen Amarelo (1915-1916). ... Tarsila do Amaral, (b. ... Paulo Menotti del Picchia (March 20, 1892–August 23, 1988) was a Brazilian poet, journalist, and painter. ... Cover of an exhibition catalog from the Semana de Arte Moderna, 1922. ...

Andrade is best known for his manifesto of Brazilian nationalism, Manifesto Antropófago (Cannibal Manifesto), published in 1928. Its argument is that Brazil's history of "cannibalizing" other cultures is its greatest strength, while playing on the modernists' primitivist interest in cannibalism as an alleged tribal rite. Cannibalism becomes a way for Brazil to assert itself against European postcolonial cultural domination. The Manifesto's iconic line is "Tupi or not Tupi: that is the question." The line is simultaneously a celebration of the Tupi, who had been at times accused of cannibalism (most notoriously by Hans Staden), and an instance of cannibalism: it eats Shakespeare. A manifesto is a public declaration of principles and intentions, often political in nature. ... 1928 (MCMXXVIII) was a leap year starting on Sunday (link will take you to calendar). ... Cannibalism in Brazil in 1557 as described by Hans Staden. ... This article is about primitivism. ... Indigenous peoples in Brazil (povos indígenas in Portuguese) comprise a large number of distict ethnic groups who inhabited the countrys present territory prior to its discovery by Europeans around 1500. ... A rite is an established, ceremonious, usually religious act. ... Post-colonialism refers to the intellectual field opened up by Edward Saids book Orientalism. ... Tupi is the name of one of the main ethnic groups of Brazilian indigenous people, together with the related Guarani. ... Hans Staden (with beard) watching an indigenous tribe in Brazil practicing cannibalism. ... Wikipedia does not yet have an article with this exact name. ...

Born into a wealthy family, Andrade used his money and connections to support numerous modernist artists and projects. He sponsored the publication of several major novels of the period, produced a number of experimental plays, and supported several painters, including Tarsila do Amaral, with whom he had a long affair, and Lasar Segall. His role in the modernist community was made somewhat awkward, however, by his feud with Mário de Andrade, which lasted from 1929 (after Oswald de Andrade published a pseudonymous essay mocking Mário for effeminacy) until Mário de Andrade's premature death in 1945. Experimental theatre is a general term for various movements in Western theatre that began in the 20th century as a reaction against the then-dominant conventions governing the writing and production of drama, and against naturalism in particular. ... Painting of Mário de Andrade by Lasar Segall Lasar Segall (July 21, 1891-August 2, 1957) was a Lithuanian Jewish painter who lived much of his life in Brazil. ... -1... 1945 (MCMXLV) was a common year starting on Monday (link will take you to calendar). ...

External links

• Text of the Cannibal Manifesto in English