Otakar II (also spelled Ottokar or Přemysl Otakar/Ottokar) (c. 1230 – August 26, 1278) was a king of Bohemia (1253–1278). He was the second son of King Wenceslaus I of the Přemyslid dynasty, and through his mother, Kunigunde, was related to the Hohenstaufen family, being a grandson of the German king, Philip of Swabia. After the death of his older brother Vladislav in 1247 he became the only heir to the throne. Events Kingdom of Leon unites with the Kingdom of Castile. ... August 26 is the 238th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (239th in leap years). ... For broader historical context, see 1270s and 13th century. ... Bohemia. ... Wenceslaus I Premyslid (Czech Václav) (c. ... PÅ™emyslid coat of arms. ... Arms of the Hohenstaufen The Hohenstaufen were a dynasty of Kings of Germany, many of whom were also crowned Holy Roman Emperor and Dukes of Swabia. ... Philip of Swabia depicted in a medieval manuscript (about 1200) Philip of Swabia (1177-1208), German king and duke of Swabia, the rival of the emperor Otto IV, was the fifth and youngest son of the emperor Frederick I and Beatrix, daughter of Renaud III, count of Burgundy, and consequently...

During his father's lifetime he ruled Moravia, but when in 1248 some discontented Bohemian nobles acknowledged him as their sovereign, trouble arose between him and his father, and for a short time Otakar was imprisoned. However, in 1251 the young prince secured his election as duke of Austria, where he strengthened his position by marrying the 30 years older Margaret (d. 1267), sister of Duke Frederick II, the last of the Babenberg rulers of the duchy and widow of the German king, Henry VII. Some years later he repudiated this lady and married the young Kunigunde, who was the granddaughter of his rival, the Hungarian king Bela IV. She became the mother of his children, the youngest of them being his only legitimate son Wenceslaus (Vaclav). Moravia in relation to the current kraje of the Czech Republic Moravia (Czech and Slovak: Morava, German: ( ), Hungarian: Morvaország, Polish: Morawy) is a historical region in the east of the Czech Republic. ... This is a list of margraves, dukes, archdukes, and emperors of Austria. ... Margaret of Austria (d. ... Frederick II, known as the Quarrelsome (German: Friedrich der Streitbare) (1219 – June 15, 1246), from the dynasty of Babenberg, was the duke of Austria and Styria from 1230 to 1246. ... Originally from Bamberg in Franconia, now northern Bavaria, the Babenbergs or Babenberger ruled Austria as counts of the march and dukes from 976 - 1248, before the rise of the house of Habsburg. ... Henry II of Hohenstaufen (1211 – 1242) was duke of Swabia from 1216 to 1235. ... Béla IV c. ... WacÅ‚aw II Wenceslaus II Premyslid (Czech: Václav II; Polish: WacÅ‚aw II Czeski; September 17, 1271 – June 21, 1305) was King of Bohemia (1278 - 1305), Duke of Kraków (1291 - 1305), King of Poland (1300 - 1305). ...

Both before and after he became king of Bohemia in succession to his father in September 1253 Otakar was involved in a dispute with Bela IV, king of Hungary, over the possession of Styria, which duchy had formerly been united with Austria. By an arrangement made in 1254 he surrendered part of it to Bela, but when the dispute was renewed he defeated the Hungarians in July 1260 near Kressenbrunn and secured the whole of Styria for himself, owing his formal investiture with Austria and Styria to the German king, Richard, Earl of Cornwall. B la IV (1206-1270) was the king of Hungary between 1235 and 1270. ... Coat of arms of the Dukes of Styria, crowned with the ducal hat, today state coat The Duchy of Styria (German: Herzogtum Steiermark, Slovenian Å tajerska) was a duchy of the Holy Roman Empire until its dissolution in 1806, and a crownland of Austria-Hungary until its dissolution in 1918. ... Richard (5 January 1209 - 2 April 1272) was Count of Poitou (bef. ...

The Bohemian king also led two expeditions (crusades) against the Prussians and founded Königsberg (Czech: Královec), later capital of Prussia, named upon him. The Teutonic knights in Pskov in 1240. ... The Prussian people, or (old) Prussians, were Indo-European Balts inhabiting the area around the Curonian and Vistula Lagoons (i. ... Map of Kaliningrad Oblast Kaliningrad (Russian: ), until 1945 known by its German name Königsberg, then briefly as Kenigsberg (Russian: Кёнигсберг), is a seaport city, capital and main city of the Kaliningrad Oblast, the Russian exclave between Poland and Lithuania on the Baltic Sea. ... The Province of Prussia was a province of Poland from the 15th century until 1660, consisting of Royal Prussia and Ducal Prussia. ...

In 1269 he inherited Carinthia and part of Carniola, and having made good his claim, contested by the Hungarians, on the field of battle, he was the most powerful prince within empire when an election for the German throne took place in 1273. But Otakar was not the successful candidate. He refused to acknowledge his victorious rival, Rudolph of Habsburg, and urged the pope to adopt a similar attitude. Meanwhile, at a convention of the Reichstag at Frankfurt in 1274, Rudolph decreed that all imperial lands seized since the death of Emperor Frederick II must be returned to the crown. This would have deprived Otakar of Styria, Austria, and Carinthia. Matters reached a climax in 1276. Placing Otakar under the ban of the empire, Rudolph besieged Vienna and compelled Otakar in November 1276 to sign a treaty by which he gave up Austria and the neighbouring duchies, retaining for himself only Bohemia and Moravia. Otakar's son Wenceslaus was betrothed to Rudolph's daughter Judith, and an uneasy peace was made. Two years later the Bohemian king tried to recover his lost lands. He found allies and collected a large army, but he was defeated by Rudolph and killed at the Battle of Dürnkrut and Jedenspeigen on the March on August 26, 1278. His son and successor was Wenceslaus II. Coat of arms of the Dukes of Carinthia, today state coat The Duchy of Carinthia (German language: Kärnten, Slovenian: KoroÅ¡ka) was a duchy of the Holy Roman Empire until its dissolution in 1806, and a crownland of Austria-Hungary until it dissolved in 1918. ... Carniola English and Latin; (Slovenian Kranjska, German Krain) is a name for a region in Slovenia. ... The brass of the tomb of Rudolph I in Speyer Rudolph I (Rudolph of Habsburg) (May 1, 1218 – July 15, 1291) was a German king, who played a vital role in raising the Habsburg family to a leading position among the royal dynasties of Germany. ... The Reichstag is both an institutional assembly and a specific building. ... Skyline of Frankfurt at night is the largest city in the German state of Hesse and the fifth-largest city in Germany. ... Frederick II (December 26, 1194 – December 13, 1250), Holy Roman Emperor of the Hohenstaufen dynasty, was pretender to the title of King of the Romans from 1212, unopposed holder of that monarchy from 1215, and Holy Roman Emperor from 1220 until his death in 1250. ... Carinthia (Kärnten in German, Koroška in Slovenian) can refer to: Carinthia - a federal state of Austria Carinthia - an informal province in Slovenia Carinthia - a duchy of the Holy Roman Empire and crownland of Austria_Hungary Karantania - the first Slovenian state This is a disambiguation page — a navigational aid which lists other... Reichsacht (engl. ... Vienna (German: Wien ; Bosnian, Croatian, and Serbian: Beč, Czech: Vídeň, Hungarian: Bécs, Romanian: Viena, Romani: Bech or Vidnya, Russian: Вена, Slovak: Viedeň, Slovenian: Dunaj) is the capital of Austria, and also one of the nine States of Austria. ... Wenceslaus II on Jan Matejkos painting Wenceslaus II Premyslid (Czech: , Polish: WacÅ‚aw II Czeski) (September 17, 1271 – June 21, 1305) King of Bohemia (1278 - 1305), Duke of Krakow (1291 - 1305), King of Poland (1300 - 1305). ... The Battle on the Marchfeld (Morava Field) at Dürnkrut and Jedenspeigen took place on August 26, 1278 and was a decisive event for the history of Central Europe for the following centuries. ... The Morava (as it is called in Czech and Slovak languages) or the March (as it is known in German) is a river located in Central Europe. ... August 26 is the 238th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (239th in leap years). ... For broader historical context, see 1270s and 13th century. ... Wenceslaus II on Jan Matejkos painting Wenceslaus II Premyslid (Czech Václav, Polish Wacław) (September 17, 1271 - June 21, 1305). ...

Ottokar was a founder of towns and a friend of law and order, while he assisted trade and welcomed German immigrants. He is a famous figure both in history and in legend. He was called the "Iron and Gold King" throughout Europe. In the Divine Comedy Dante sees Ottocar outside the gates of Purgatory, in amiable companionship with his imperial rival Rudolph. He is also the protagonist of a tragedy by the 19th century playwright Franz Grillparzer. Dante shown holding a copy of The Divine Comedy, next to the entrance to Hell, the seven terraces of Mount Purgatory and the city of Florence, in Michelinos fresco. ... Franz Seraphicus Grillparzer (January 15, 1791 - January 21, 1872), Austrian dramatic poet, was born in Vienna. ...

References

• This article incorporates text from the Encyclopædia Britannica Eleventh Edition, a publication now in the public domain.