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Encyclopedia > Ototoxicity
Ototoxic hearing loss
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ICD-10 H910
ICD-9
ICD-O:
OMIM [1]
DiseasesDB 2874
MedlinePlus [2]
eMedicine ent/699

Ototoxicity is damage of the ear (oto), specifically the cochlea or auditory nerve and sometimes the vestibulum, by a toxin (often medication). The following codes are used with International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems. ... // H00-H59 - Diseases of the eye and adnexa (H00-H06) Disorders of eyelid, lacrimal system and orbit (H00) Hordeolum and chalazion (H000) Hordeolum and other deep inflammation of eyelid (H001) Chalazion (H01) Other inflammation of eyelid (H010) Blepharitis (H011) Noninfectious dermatoses of eyelid (H02) Other disorders of eyelid (H020) Entropion... The following is a list of codes for International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems. ... The International Classification of Diseases for Oncology (ICD-O) is a domain specific extension of the International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems for tumor diseases. ... The Mendelian Inheritance in Man project is a database that catalogues all the known diseases with a genetic component, and - when possible - links them to the relevant genes in the human genome. ... The Diseases Database is a free website that provides information about the relationships between medical conditions, symptoms, and medications. ... MedlinePlus (medlineplus. ... eMedicine is an online clinical medical knowledge base that was founded in 1996. ... An ear is an organ used by an animal to detect sound waves. ... Cross section of the cochlea. ... The vestibulocochlear nerve is the eighth of twelve cranial nerves and also known as the auditory nerve. ... Vestibule can have the following meanings: A large entrance, a reception area an antechamber, or a room room. ... The venom of the black widow spider is a potent latrotoxin. ... Oral medication A medication is a licenced drug taken to cure or reduce symptoms of an illness or medical condition. ...

Contents


Causes

A number of drugs have been associated with damage to the cochlea. The best known are aminoglycoside antibiotics, aspirin, nicotine and furosemide. Aminoglycosides are a group of antibiotics that are effective against certain types of bacteria. ... An antibiotic is a drug that kills or slows the growth of bacteria. ... Aspirin or acetylsalicylic acid is a drug in the family of salicylates, often used as an analgesic (against minor pains and aches), antipyretic (against fever), and anti-inflammatory. ... Nicotine is an organic compound, a pyrrolidine-like alkaloid found naturally in the nightshade family of plants, such as tobacco and tomatoes. ... Furosemide (INN) or frusemide (former BAN) is a loop diuretic used in the treatment of congestive heart failure and edema. ...


Erythromycin and some other macrolide antibiotics can induce temporary deafness, which resolves upon withdrawal of the drug. Erythromycin is a macrolide antibiotic which has an antimicrobial spectrum similar to or slightly wider than that of penicillin, and is often used for people who have an allergy to penicillins. ... The macrolides are a group of drugs (typically antibiotics) whose activity stems from the presence of a macrolide ring, a large lactone ring to which one or more deoxy sugars, usually cladinose and desosamine, are attached. ...


There appears to be a hereditary predisposition to ototoxic reactions. A genetic predisposition is a genetic effect which influences the phenotype of an organism but which can be modified by the environmental conditions. ...


Symptoms

Symptoms can be hearing loss or frank deafness, vertigo, and tinnitus. This article is a physical description of hearing impairment. ... Vertigo, sometimes called a headrush, is the sensation of spinning while the body is stationary. ... Tinnitus, ringing ears or ear noise is a phenomenon of the nervous system connected to the ear, characterised by perception of a ringing or beating sound (often perceived as sinusoidal) with no external source. ...


Treatment

No specific treatment is available, but immediate withdrawal of the drug is warranted.


See also

Look up toxic and toxicity in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ... The term neurotoxic is used to describe a substance, condition or state that damages the nervous system and / or brain, usually by killing neurons. ... Nephrotoxicity is a poisonous effect of some substances, both toxins and medication, on the kidney. ...

External links


  Results from FactBites:
 
Ototoxicity: Encyclopedia of Medicine (919 words)
Ototoxicity is damage to the hearing or balance functions of the ear by drugs or chemicals.
Ototoxicity is drug or chemical damage to the inner ear.
Ototoxicity that causes loss of balance may be even more difficult to diagnose.
  More results at FactBites »

 

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