Otto Selz, (14 February 1881–27 August 1943) was a German psychologist who formulated the first nonassociationist theory of thinking, in 1913.[1][2] Selz used the method of introspection, but unlike his predecessors, his theory developed without the use of images and associations. Wilhelm Wundt used the method of introspection in the 1880s, but thought that higher-level mental processes could not be studied in the scientific laboratory. February 14 is the 45th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... 1881 (MDCCCLXXXI) was a common year starting on Saturday (see link for calendar). ... August 27 is the 239th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (240th in leap years), with 126 days remaining. ... 1943 (MCMXLIII) was a common year starting on Friday (the link is to a full 1943 calendar). ... A psychologist is a scientist who studies psychology, the systematic investigation of the human behavior and mental processes. ... In psychology and marketing, two concepts or stimuli are associated when the experience of one leads to the effects of another, due to repeated pairing. ... 1913 (MCMXIII) was a common year starting on Wednesday. ... This article is about the psychological process of introspecting. ... Wilhelm Maximilian Wundt (August 16, 1832–August 31, 1920) was a German physiologist and psychologist. ... To meet Wikipedias quality standards, this article or section may require cleanup. ... For the scientific journal named Science, see Science (journal). ... Biochemistry laboratory at the University of Cologne. ...

Selz's ideas anticipated some major concepts in modern cognitive psychology, including the following: Cognitive Psychology is the school of psychology that examines internal mental processes such as problem solving, memory, and language. ...

• The unit of thought is the directed association.
• Understanding a problem involves forming a structure.
• Solving a problem involves testing for conditions.

Selz's career was shorten by Nazi policies in Europe, which banned him from his profession and eventually took his life, in Auschwitz concentration camp. Until recently, his works were largely untranslated from German into English. The National Socialist German Workers Party (German: Nationalsozialistische Deutsche Arbeiterpartei; NSDAP), generally known in English as the Nazi Party, was a political party in Germany between 1920 and 1945. ... Auschwitz, Konzentrationslager Auschwitz-Birkenau, KL Auschwitz, Nazi German Concentration Camp of Auschwitz was the largest of the Nazi German extermination camps, along with a number of concentration camps, comprising three main camps and 40 to 50 sub-camps. ... The English language is a West Germanic language that originates in England. ...

Reference

• Mayer, R.E. (1992). Thinking, problem solving, cognition. New York: W.H. Freeman and Company.

External link

• Bio of Otto Selz at the University of Bonn (in German).