|
Otto fuel II is a monopropellant used to drive torpedoes and other weapon systems. It is not related to the Otto cycle. A (usually liquid) rocket propellant that can be used by itself, without the need for a second component. ...
A torpedo in Rail terminology refers to a small explosive device strapped to the top of the rail to alert an approaching train of immediate danger ahead. ...
The four-stroke cycle of an internal combustion engine is the cycle most commonly used for automotive and industrial purposes today ( cars and trucks, generators, etc). ...
Properties This distinct-smelling, reddish-orange, oily liquid is a mixture of three synthetic substances: propylene glycol dinitrate (the major component), 2-nitrodiphenylamine, and dibutyl sebacate. Propylene glycol dinitrate (PGDN, 1,2-propylene glycol dinitrate, or 1,2-propanediol dinitrate) is an organic chemical, an ester of nitric acid and propylene glycol. ...
2-nitrodiphenylamine, also called NDPA, 2-NDPA, 2NO2DPA, Sudan Yellow 1339, C.I. 10335, CI 10335, phenyl 2-nitrophenylamine, 2-nitro-N-phenylaniline, or N-phenyl-o-nitroaniline, is an organic chemical, a nitrated aromatic amine, a derivate of diphenylamine. ...
Dibutyl sebacate (DBS) is an organic chemical, a dibutyl ester of sebacic acid. ...
It does not need exposure to any oxidant to ignite and release energy, as its three components will react between themselves whenever vaporised and heated. Needing no oxidants and being a stable substance makes Otto ideal for use in the constrained environment of a submarine. Although the fuel will explode, this requires extreme conditions (such that it can be regarded as practically stable). The vapour pressure of the fuel is low (i.e. it is not volatile), minimising toxic hazards. Finally, the fuels energy density far surpasses the capacity of the electric battery used in other torpedoes, maximising range. An oxidizing agent is a substance that oxidizes another substance in electrochemistry or redox chemical reactions in general. ...
German UC-1 class World War I submarine A model of Gunter Priens Unterseeboot 47 (U-47), German WWII Type VII diesel-electric hunter-killer (SSK) submarine Typhoon class ballistic-missile carrying (SSBN) submarine, compared to a man USS Virginia, a Virginia-class nuclear attack (SSN) submarine A submarine...
The vapor pressure is the pressure (if the vapor is mixed with other gases, the partial pressure) of a vapor. ...
Energy density is the amount of potential energy stored in a given system or region of space per unit volume or per unit mass, depending on the context. ...
Four double-A batteries In science and technology, a battery is a device that stores energy and makes it available in an electrical form. ...
Major ingredients Named after its inventor, Otto Reitlinger, Otto Fuel II consists of the nitrated ester explosive propellant propylene glycol dinitrate (PGDN), to which a desensitizer (dibutyl sebacate) and a stabilizer (2-nitrodiphenylamine) have been added. The chief component, propylene glycol dinitrate, accounts for approximately 75% of the mixture, while dibutyl sebacate and 2-nitrodiphenylamine account for approximately 23% and 2%, respectively. General formula of an ester of a carboxylic acid. ...
A propellant is a material that is used to move an object by applying a motive force. ...
The tail of a Lufthansa airliner (Airbus A319) in flight, showing the horizontal and vertical stabilizer Mathematics: see Group action. ...
The principal current use of propylene glycol dinitrate is as a propellant in Otto Fuel II. Nitrates of polyhydric alcohols, of which propylene glycol dinitrate is an example, have been used in medicine for the treatment of angina pectoris, and as explosives since the mid-nineteenth century. In inorganic chemistry, a nitrate is a salt of nitric acid. ...
A sugar alcohol (also known as a polyol, polyhydric alcohol, or polyalcohol) is a hydrogenated form of carbohydrate, whose carbonyl group (aldehyde or ketone, reducing sugar) has been reduced to a primary or secondary hydroxyl group. ...
This article is concerned solely with chemical explosives. ...
In addition to its use by the U.S. Navy as a stabilizer in the manufacture of Otto Fuel II, 2-nitrodiphenylamine is employed for similar purposes by the U.S. Army in the manufacture of double base solid propellants. It also has civilian applications as a solvent dye. The United States Navy (USN) is the branch of the United States armed forces responsible for naval operations. ...
The Army is the branch of the United States armed forces which has primary responsibility for land-based military operations. ...
A solvent dye is a dye soluble in organic solvents. ...
Dibutyl sebacate is a desensitizer in Otto Fuel II. However, its major use is as a plasticizer in production of plastics, namely cellulose acetate butyrate, cellulose acetate propionate, polyvinyl butyral, polystyrene, and many synthetic rubbers. It can be used for plastics in use in the food packaging industry. It is also used as a lubricating ingredient in shaving lotions, and a flavoring additive in non-alcoholic beverages, ice cream, ices, candy, and baked goods. Plasticizers are additives that soften the materials (usually a plastic or a concrete mix) they are added to. ...
The term plastics covers a range of synthetic or semi-synthetic organic condensation or polymerization products that can be molded or extruded into objects or films or fibers. ...
Polyvinyl butyral (or PVB) is a resin usually used for applications that require strong binding, optical clarity, adhesion to many surfaces, toughness and flexibility. ...
Polystyrene is a polymer made from the monomer styrene, a liquid hydrocarbon that is commercially manufactured from petroleum. ...
Synthetic rubber is any type of artificially-made polymer material which acts as an elastomer. ...
A sealed pack of diced pork from Tesco. ...
Lubricants are an essential part of modern machinery. ...
Non-alcoholic drinks are beverages that contain no alcohol. ...
Missing image Ice cream is often served on a stick Boxes of ice cream are often found in stores in a display freezer. ...
A shelf filled with candies Candy is often used as a synonym for the more traditional term confectionery in North America, whereas the word has become archaic in most parts of the United Kingdom (conversely, sweets sounds just as antiquated to the American ear) and survives today almost exclusively in...
Toxicity Otto fuel II is a toxic substance found in EPA's National Priorities List. Ingestion of contamined food or direct exposure at worksites can cause headaches, poor eye-hand coordination, eye irritation, congested noses, nausea, dizziness, and difficulty breathing. No fatal cases of overexposure have been reported so far. Toxic redirects here, but this is also the name of a song by Britney Spears; see Toxic (song) Look up toxic and toxicity in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ...
Also one of the byproducts of its combustion is cyanide gas, highly toxic as well. A cyanide is any chemical compound that contains the cyano group C≡N, with the carbon atom triple-bonded to the nitrogen atom. ...
Used in Testing of the Mark 48: The Australian Collins class submarine, HMAS Farncomb, fired a Mark 48 torpedo at the 28-year-old destroyer escort Torrens. ...
A French Lynx helicopter carrying a mk46 torpedo Designed to attack high-performance submarines, the Mark 46 torpedo is the backbone of the U.S. Navys lightweight ASW torpedo inventory, and is the current NATO standard. ...
The Spearfish torpedo is the heavy Acoustic homing torpedo used by the submarines of the Royal Navy. ...
External links |
Feeds |
Contact