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The Ottoman Interregnum (also known as the Ottoman Triumvirate; Fetret Devri in Turkish) was a period in the beginning of the 15th century when chaos reigned in the Ottoman Empire following the defeat of Sultan Bayezid I in 1402 by the Mongol warlord Tamerlane (Timur the Lame). Image File history File links 20pxOttomanicon. ...
Motto دولت ابد مدت Devlet-i Ebed-müddet (The Eternal State) Anthem Ottoman imperial anthem Borders in 1680, see: list of territories Capital Söğüt (1299–1326) Bursa (1326–65) Edirne (1365–1453) Constantinople (İstanbul, 1453–1922) Language(s) Ottoman Turkish (official); spoken languages include Abkhazian, Adyghe, Albanian, Arabic, Aramaic, Armenian, Azerbaijani...
In the late 13th century the Seljuq empire had collapsed and Anatolia was divided into many small states. ...
This article is in need of attention. ...
The Battle of Vienna of 1683 was the real point at which the Empire began its decline. ...
Köprülü Era (1656-1703) was the period which Ottoman Empires politics were set by the Grand Viziers, mainly Köprülü family, which was notable family of imperial bureaucrats. ...
The Sultanate of Women (Turkish: Kadınlar Saltanatı) is the nearly 130-year period, in the 16th and 17th centuries, during which the women of the Harem of the Ottoman Empire exerted extraordinary political influence. ...
Graphical timeline Decline of the Ottoman Empire covers the military and political events between 1828 to 1908. ...
The Tulip Era is an important period for the Ottoman Empire. ...
The Tanzimat (Ottoman Turkish: تنظيمات), meaning reorganization of the Ottoman Empire, was a period of reformation that began in 1839 and ended with the First Constitutional Era in 1876. ...
Graphical timeline The First Constitutional Era of the Ottoman Empire was the period of constitutional monarchy from the promulgation of a Basic Law by Abdülhamid II on 23 November 1876 until 13 February 1878 when the constitution was suspended. ...
This article describes the process of dissolution of the Ottoman Empire, in particular its final years in the early part of the 20th century. ...
Public Demonstration The Second Constitutional Era in the Ottoman Empire began with the 1908 Young Turk Revolution, shortly after which Sultan Abdul Hamid II restored the 1876 Constitution suspended since 1878. ...
Image File history File links Timeline_icon. ...
The term triumvirate is commonly used to describe a political regime dominated by three powerful political and/or military leaders. ...
(14th century - 15th century - 16th century - other centuries) As a means of recording the passage of time, the 15th century was that century which lasted from 1401 to 1500. ...
Motto دولت ابد مدت Devlet-i Ebed-müddet (The Eternal State) Anthem Ottoman imperial anthem Borders in 1680, see: list of territories Capital Söğüt (1299–1326) Bursa (1326–65) Edirne (1365–1453) Constantinople (İstanbul, 1453–1922) Language(s) Ottoman Turkish (official); spoken languages include Abkhazian, Adyghe, Albanian, Arabic, Aramaic, Armenian, Azerbaijani...
Sultan (Arabic: سلطان) is an Islamic title, with several historical meanings. ...
Bayezid I (Ottoman: بايزيد اول, Modern Turkish: Beyazıt, nicknamed Yıldırım (Ottoman: ییلدیرم), the Thunderbolt; Arabic: بايزيد الأول; ca 1354–1403) was the sultan of the Ottoman Empire from 1389 to 1402. ...
Events September 14 - Battle of Homildon Hill. ...
Honorary guard of Mongolia. ...
For the chess engine Tamerlane, see Tamerlane. ...
Summary Suleyman Çelebi, ruled northern Greece, Bulgaria and Thrace. His brother, İsa Çelebi ruled Greece and the westernmost of Anatolia, however he was overthrown by the younger half-brother Mehmed Çelebi from his capital in Bursa in 1404. Suleyman then acquired southern Greece as well and Mehmet ruled over Anatolia. Mehmet sent his younger brother Mûsa across the Black Sea with a large army to conquer Suleyman. Mûsa won in Bulgaria in 1410 and Suleyman was forced to retreat south to Greece. Thraciae veteris typvs. ...
Anatolia and Europe Anatolia (Turkish: from Greek: Ανατολία - Anatolia) is a peninsula of Western Asia which forms the greater part of the Asian portion of Turkey, as opposed to the European portion (Thrace, or traditionally Rumelia). ...
Sultan Mehmet I Mehmed I Çelebi (nicknamed Kirisci, the Executioner) (1389 – May 26, 1421) was a sultan of the Ottoman Empire. ...
This article is about a city that serves as a center of government and politics. ...
Bursa (formerly known as Brusa, Greek Prusa, Î ÏοÏσσα) is a city in northwestern Turkey and the capital of Bursa Province. ...
Events June 14 - Owain Glyndwr of Wales allies with the French against the English and the Henry of Lancaster. ...
NASA satellite image of the Black Sea Map of the Black Sea The Black Sea is an inland sea between southeastern Europe and Anatolia that is actually a distant arm of the Atlantic Ocean by way of the Mediterranean Sea. ...
March 29 - The Aragonese capture Oristano, capital of the giudicato di Arborea in Sardinia July 15 – Battle of Grunwald (also known as Tannenberg or Zalgiris). ...
Mûsa then proclaimed himself as sultan of the Ottoman Empire. Mehmed became furious and sent a small army over to Gallipoli where it was defeated. Mehmed later came to his senses and forced an alliance with the Byzantine Empire. Three years later Mehmed sent over a new army that defeated Mûsa in Kamerlu, Serbia. It was then easy for Mehmed I to overthrow his last brother in Greece and become the Ottoman sultan. Gallipoli peninsula (Turkish: ) is located in Turkish Thrace, the European part of Turkey, with the Aegean Sea to the west and the Dardanelles straits to the east. ...
It has been suggested that Eastern Roman Empire be merged into this article or section. ...
Anthem Serbia() on the European continent() Capital (and largest city) Belgrade Official languages Serbian language 1 Recognised regional languages Hungarian, Croatian, Slovak, Romanian, Rusyn 2 Albanian 3 Government Semi-presidential republic - President Boris Tadić - Prime Minister Vojislav Koštunica Establishment - Formation 8th century - First unified state c. ...
Sultan Mehmet I Mehmed I Çelebi (nicknamed Kirisci, the Executioner) (1389 – May 26, 1421) was a sultan of the Ottoman Empire. ...
Developments The Ottoman Empire (Ottoman Sultanate), which during the fourteenth century had acquired such dimensions and vigor, lay at the beginning of the fifteenth century in apparently irretrievable ruin. Besides the fatal day at Ankara, when its veteran army was destroyed, and it long-victorious sovereign taken captive, calamity after calamity bad poured fast upon the house of Osman. Their ancient rivals in Anatolia, the Seljuk princes of Karamanoğulları, Aydınoğulları (Aidian), Germiyanoğulları (Kermian), and other territories which the three first Ottoman soy reigns had conquered, were reinstated by Timur in their dominions. In Europe the Byzantium Empire accomplished another partial revival, and regained some of its lost provinces. But the heaviest and seemingly the most fatal of afflictions was the civil war which broke out among the sons of Beyazit, and which threaten the utter disintegration and destruction of the relics of the ancestral dominions. At the time of Beyazit’s death, his oldest son, Suleyman, ruled at Adrianople. The second son, İsa, established himself as an independent ruler at Brusa after the Mongols retired from Asia Minor. Mehmet, the youngest and the ablest of the brothers, formed a little kingdom at Amasya. War soon broke out between Mehmet and İsa. In which Mehmet was completely successful. İsa fled to Europe where he sought protection and aid from Suleyman, who forthwith attacked Mehmet, so that Thrace and Anatolian sides were now arrayed against each other. Sultan (Arabic: سلطان) is an Islamic title, with several historical meanings. ...
At first Suleyman was successful. He invaded Anatolia, and captured Bursa and Ankara. Meanwhile while the other surviving son of Beyazit, Prince Musa, had, after his liberation by Timur, been detained in custody by the Seljuk Prince of Kermian, through whose territories he was passing with the remains of Beyazit, which he was to bury at Bursa. The interposition of Mehmet had put an end to this detention, and Prince Musa fought on Mehmets’s side against Suleyman in Anatolia. After some reverses which they sustained from Suleyman in the first campaign, Musa persuaded Mehmet to let him cross over to Thrace with a small force, and effect a diversion in Mehmets favour by attacking the enemy in his own territories. This maneuver soon recalled Suleyman to Thrace, where a short but sanguinary contest between him and Musa ensued. At first Suleyman had the advantage; but the better qualities of this prince were now obscured by the debasing effects of habits of debauchery. He treated his troops with savage cruelty, and heaped the grossest insults on his best generals. The result was that his army passed over to the side of Musa, and Suleyman was killed while endeavouring to escape to Constantinople (1410).
Musa was now master of the Ottoman dominions in Thrace, and speedily showed that he inherited a full proportion both of the energy and of the strength of his father Beyazit. In an expedition which he undertook against the Serbian Prince, whom he accused of having treacherously aided Suleyman in the civil war, he is said to have not only pursue the male youth for the janissaries, he also developed his army according to fighting three Serbian units and order them to destroy not the armies but also their generals. Byzantine writer Ducas using his creative writing wrote; “Musa caused the carcasses of three Serbian garrisons to be arranged as tables, and a feast to be spread on them, at which he entertained the generals and chief captains of the Ottoman army”.
The Byzantium Emperor, Manuel II Palaiologos, had been the ally of Suleyman; Musa therefore attacked him, and besieged his capital. Paleologus called over Mehmet to protect him, and the Anatoliatic Ottomans now garrisoned Constantinople against the Ottomans of Thrace. Mehmet made several gallant but unsuccessful sallies against his brother’s troops, and was obliged to re-cross the Bosporus to quell a revolt that had broken out in his own territories. Musa now pressed the siege of the Greek capital; but Mehmet speedily returned to Thrace, and obtained the assistance of Stephan, the Serbian King. The armies of the rival Ottoman bother were at last arrayed for a decisive conflict on the plain of Chamurli, near the southern Serbian frontier. But Musa had alienated the loyalty of his soldiers by conduct similar to that by which Suleyman’s desertion and destruction had been caused, while Mehmet was as eminent for justice and kindness towards those who obeyed him, as for valor and skill against those who were his opponent’s. When the two armies were about to close in battle, Hassan, the Aga of the Janissaries on the side of Mehmet, stepped out before the ranks, and exhorted his old comrades, who were the pert of Musa, to leave the cause of a madman from whom they met with constant outrage and humiliation, and to range then selves among the followers of the most just and virtuous of the princes of the house of Othman. Enraged at hearing his troops thus addressed, Musa rushed against Hassan, and kill him, but was himself wounded by an officer who had accompanied Hassan. Musa reeled back bleeding towards his own soldiers, who were seized with a panic, and broke their ranks, and fled in all directions. Musa endeavoured to escape, but was found by the pursuers lying dead in a marsh near the field where the armies had met. His death ended the war of succession in the Ottoman Empire, for Prince Isa had disappeared some years before, during the hostilities between Suleyman and Mehmet in Anatolia; and Mehmet was now, after Musa’s death, the sole known surviving son of Beyazit. Emperor Manuel II Manuel II Palaiologos or Palaeologus (Greek: Μανουήλ Β΄ Παλαιολόγος, ManouÄ“l II Palaiologos) (June 27, 1350 – July 21, 1425) was Byzantine emperor from 1391 to 1425. ...
See also Image File history File linksMetadata Size of this preview: 502 × 599 pixel Image in higher resolution (858 × 1024 pixel, file size: 503 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) Artillery troop image on the Ottoman coat of arms From: http://www. ...
Reference - Incorporates text from “History of Ottoman Turks” (1878)
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