A Twin City Rapid Transit PCC streetcar in museum operation.

The PCC (Presidents' Conference Committee) streetcar (tram) design was first built in the United States in the 1930s. The design proved successful in its native country, and after World War II was licensed for use elsewhere in the world. The PCC car has proved to be a longlasting icon of streetcar design, and PCC cars are still in service in various places around the world. PCC streetcar once owned by Twin City Rapid Transit, now operated by the Minnesota Transportation Museum in Minneapolis, Minnesota. ... PCC streetcar once owned by Twin City Rapid Transit, now operated by the Minnesota Transportation Museum in Minneapolis, Minnesota. ... The Twin City Rapid Transit Company (TCRT), also known as Twin City Lines (TCL), was a business that primarily operated streetcars, and buses in the area of Minneapolis-St. ... A CLRV Streetcar in the City of Toronto. ... Combatants Allied Powers Axis Powers Casualties Military dead: 17,000,000 Civilian dead: 33,000,000 Total dead: 50,000,000 Military dead: 8,000,000 Civilian dead: 4,000,000 Total dead 12,000,000 World War II (abbreviated WWII), or the Second World War, was a worldwide conflict...

Origins

A PCC car in Cleveland, Ohio in the 1950s

The unusual name comes from the fact that the car was designed by a committee, formed in 1929, representing various electric street railways. The Electric Railway Presidents' Conference Committee, or ERPCC, was tasked with producing a new type of streetcar that would help fend off competition from buses and automobiles. The committee produced a high-performance design that was commonly used in the following decades. The cars were popular because of their distinctive streamlined design and smooth acceleration. Image File history File links Download high-resolution version (2235x1106, 1876 KB) File links The following pages on the English Wikipedia link to this file (pages on other projects are not listed): PCC streetcar Cleveland Railway Company ... Image File history File links Download high-resolution version (2235x1106, 1876 KB) File links The following pages on the English Wikipedia link to this file (pages on other projects are not listed): PCC streetcar Cleveland Railway Company ... Nickname: The Forest City Motto: Progress and Prosperity Location in Cuyahoga County, Ohio, USA Coordinates: Country United States State Ohio County Cuyahoga Founded 1796 Incorporated 1836 Mayor Frank G. Jackson (D) Area    - City 82. ... Design, usually considered in the context of the applied arts, engineering, architecture, and other such creative endeavours, is used as both a noun and a verb. ... A committee is a (relatively) small group that can serve one of several functions: Governance: in organizations too large for all the members to participate in decisions affecting the organization as a whole, a committee (such as a Board of Directors) is given the power to make decisions. ... The article on electrical energy is located elsewhere. ... An articulated bus operated by the CTA in Chicago, Illinois, USA. A Go North East Bus parked in a lay-by in Tyne and Wear, England A bus is a large road vehicle intended to carry numerous persons in addition to the driver and sometimes a conductor. ... For the magazine called automobile, see Automobile Magazine. ... In fluid dynamics, a streamline is a line which is everywhere tangent to the velocity of the flow. ... Acceleration is the time rate of change of velocity, and at any point on a velocity-time graph, it is given by the slope of the tangent to that point In physics or physical science, acceleration (symbol: a) is defined as the rate of change (or derivative with respect to...

It turned out that, reputedly unlike many other things produced by committees, the PCC streetcar was a very good basic design. Many railways altered the car in various ways to fit their own needs, but most cars retained a standard appearance. The first batch of 100 cars was built in 1936 for Brooklyn, New York by the Saint Louis Car Company; the Los Angeles Railway (LARy) was one of the first companies to purchase the units. The second order built (27), following Brooklyn was for Baltimore, also by Saint Louis Car Company. During World War II, the LARy replaced the mission bell tower in its logo with the slogan Dedicated to Victory. ...

22 "Crosstown" route in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania

Pittsburgh Railways took "delivery of # 100, which was by most all accounts, the first delivered PCC car in the world"[1]. Production continued in North America until the early 1950s, with 4978 units built; thousands more PCCs and direct descendants were produced in Europe through the 20th century. The cars were very sturdy and many have lasted a long time. A handful still remain in service alongside modern vehicles, though most of the PCC cars functional today are operated by museums and heritage railways. Image File history File links Pittsburgh_PCC_22. ... Image File history File links Pittsburgh_PCC_22. ... Nickname: Steel City, Iron City, City of Champions, City of Bridges, City of Colleges, P-Burgh, The Burgh Motto: Benigno Numine Location in Allegheny County, Pennsylvania Coordinates: Country United States State Pennsylvania County Allegheny County Founded 1758 Mayor Luke Ravenstahl (D) Area    - City 151. ... Pittsburgh Railways was one of the predecessors of the Port Authority of Allegheny County (PAT). ... The Louvre Museum in Paris, one of the largest and most famous museums in the world. ... A scene on a heritage railway. ...

The early pre-World War II versions of these vehicles were known as air cars and used a belt-driven air compressor to open the doors and operate brakes. Later models were entirely electric, replacing the noisy compressor and air brakes with electrically activated brakes on the motor shafts. Both pre-war and post-war cars use dynamic brakes to provide most of the stopping power. The air or electric brakes bring the car to a complete stop. Combatants Allied Powers Axis Powers Casualties Military dead: 17,000,000 Civilian dead: 33,000,000 Total dead: 50,000,000 Military dead: 8,000,000 Civilian dead: 4,000,000 Total dead 12,000,000 World War II (abbreviated WWII), or the Second World War, was a worldwide conflict... A gas compressor is a mechanical device that increases the pressure of a gas by reducing its volume. ... A brake is a device for slowing or stopping the motion of a machine or vehicle, and to keep it from starting to move again. ... Piping diagram from 1920 of a Westinghouse E-T Air Brake system. ... Regenerative braking is any technology which allows a vehicle to recapture and store part of the kinetic energy that would ordinarily be lost when braking. ...

Manufacturing

Spanish-built Fiat/PCC running in Madrid in 1969

Later European versions, like this model in Antwerp, had a boxier shape.

PCC cars were initially built in the United States by the St. Louis Car Company and Pullman Standard. One example was built by Clark Equipment with an aluminum body. PCC cars for Canadian cities were built jointly by St. Louis Car Co. and Canada Car and Foundry in Montréal, Quebec. The PCC technology was exported to Europe, with La Brugeoise et Nivelles (now the BN division of Bombardier) of Bruges, Belgium building several hundred streetcars that saw service in Brussels, Antwerp, Ghent, The Hague (Den Haag), Saint-Étienne, Marseille and Belgrade (the latter city buying vehicles initially used by the Belgian Vicinal railways). Image File history File links Download high-resolution version (1024x695, 596 KB) File links The following pages on the English Wikipedia link to this file (pages on other projects are not listed): PCC streetcar ... Image File history File links Download high-resolution version (1024x695, 596 KB) File links The following pages on the English Wikipedia link to this file (pages on other projects are not listed): PCC streetcar ... Example of a late-model PCC streetcar in Antwerp, Belgium. ... Example of a late-model PCC streetcar in Antwerp, Belgium. ... For other uses, see Antwerp (disambiguation). ... The St. ... The Pullman Palace Car Company, owned by George Pullman, manufactured railroad cars in the mid to late 1800s through the early decades of the 20th century, during the boom of railroads in the United States. ... Canada Car and Foundry (CC&F) also variously known as Canadian Car and Foundry, or more familiarly as Can Car, manufactured buses, railroad rolling stock and later aircraft for the Canadian market. ... {{Canadian City/Disable Field={{{Disable Motto Link}}}}} Motto: Concordia Salus (Salvation through harmony) Ville de Montréal, Québec, Canada Location. ... This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ... World map exhibiting the location of Europe. ... Bombardier Inc. ... Bruges called Brugge by its native Dutch language name which assumedly used to signify landing stage, is the capital of the province of West Flanders in present-day Flanders, the Flemish Region of Belgium. ... Nickname: The Capital Of Europe, Comic City City of a 100 Museums[] Map showing the location of Brussels in Belgium Coordinates: Country Belgium Region Brussels-Capital Region Founded 979 Founded (Region) June 18, 1989  - Mayor (Municipality) Freddy Thielemans Area    - City 162 (Region) km²  (62. ... For other uses, see Antwerp (disambiguation). ... Ghent municipality and district in the province East Flanders Ghent (IPA: ; Gent in Dutch; Gand in French, formerly Gaunt in English) is a city and a municipality located in Flanders, Belgium. ... Arms of The Hague Flag of The city of The Hague. ... This article is about the French commune. ... City flag Coat of arms Motto: By her great deeds, the city of Massilia shines Location Coordinates Time Zone CET (GMT +1) Administration Country France Region Provence-Alpes-Côte dAzur Department Bouches-du-Rhône (13) Subdivisions 16 arrondissements (in 8 secteurs) Intercommunality Urban Community of Marseille Provence... Belgrade (Serbian: Београд or Beograd  ) is the capital and largest city of Serbia. ... The Vicinal or Buurtspoor were a system of narrow gauge tramways or local railways in Belgium, which covered the whole country and had a greater route length than the mainline railway system. ...

Anyway the first European PCC cars were probably the ones developped in 1942 by Italian Fiat for the Madrid tramway system. Due to the WWII evolution, delivery of the units from Italy had to be stopped, and eventually 110 cars were built in Spain to the Fiat design, either by CAF (Construcciones y Auxiliar de Ferrocarriles) in Beasain or MMC (Material Móvil y Construcciones) in Zaragoza . These units worked very successfully in Madrid until 1972. Fiat Grande Punto Fiat Group, or Fiat S.p. ... Location Coordinates : 40° 23’N , 3°43′0″W Time Zone : CET (GMT +1) - summer: CEST (GMT +2) General information Native name Villa de Madrid (Spanish) Spanish name Villa de Madrid Founded 9th century Postal code 28001-28080 Area code 34 (Spain) + 91 (Madrid) Website http://www. ... German soldiers at the Battle of Stalingrad World War II was the most extensive and costly armed conflict in the history of the world, involving the great majority of the worlds nations, being fought simultaneously in several major theatres, and costing tens of millions of lives. ... Beasain is a town located in the province of Gipuzkoa, in the autonomous community of Basque Country, in the North of Spain. ... Location Coordinates : Time Zone : CET (GMT +1) - summer: CEST (GMT +2) General information Native name Zaragoza (Spanish) Spanish name Zaragoza Founded 24 Postal code 50001 - 50018 Website http://www. ...

ČKD Tatra of Prague also bought a PCC licence, and built thousands of PCC based streetcars. Most successful was type Tatra T3, 13 991 units were sold worldwide, mainly in former eastern bloc countries. ČKD had begun marketing to the rest of the world until 2000, when the company faced a bankruptcy and reorganization. The tram business was sold to Siemens SKV, who discontinued these products in favor of Siemens-designed models. ÄŒKD Tatra-T3 tram car in Kiev. ... Nickname: City of a Hundred Spires Motto: Praga Caput Rei publicae Location within the Czech Republic Coordinates: Country Czech Republic Region Capital City of Prague Founded 9th century  - Mayor Pavel Bém Area    - City 496 km²  (191. ... T3 is the name of a tramcar produced by Tatra. ... A map of the Eastern Bloc. ... Siemens AG (FWB:SIE, NYSE: SI) is the worlds largest electronics company. ...

Another Eastern European company producing PCC cars (though not licensed) was Polish Konstal in Chorzów, Upper Silesia. The Konstal 13N type was a copy of the CKD Tatra T1 and is still used in Warsaw. Newer Konstal 105N types, produced since 1973, had the PCC electrical set. After many modernizations, the upgraded type Konstal 105Na and later versions based on it are still produced (though with modern electronic equipment) by Konstal, which was bought by Alstom in 1997. 105Na generation cars are still used in all tram-towns in Poland. Motto: none Voivodship Silesian Municipal government UrzÄ…d Miasta Chorzów Mayor Marek Kopel Area 33,5 km² Population  - city  - urban  - density 117 430 - 2856/km² Founded City rights - - Latitude Longitude 50°18 N 18°57 E Area code +48 32 Car plates SH Twin towns - Municipal Website Chorzów... Map of Upper Silesia, 1746 Upper Silesia (Polish: Górny ÅšlÄ…sk, German: Oberschlesien, Czech: Horní Slezsko) is the south-eastern part of Silesia, a historical and geographical region of Poland (Opole Voivodship and Silesian Voivodship) and of the Czech Republic (Silesian-Moravian Region). ... Warsaw (Polish: , , in full The Capital City of Warsaw, Polish: Miasto StoÅ‚eczne Warszawa) is the capital of Poland, its largest city, and a gamma world city. ... Konstal 105N w GdaÅ„sku Konstal 105N w Poznaniu Konstal 105N electrified tram produced by Polish comapny Konstal in Chorzów in years 1973-1979. ... Alstom (formerly GEC-Alsthom) (Euronext: ALO) is a large French company whose businesses are power generation and manufacturing trains (e. ...

The first PCC cars in Canada were operated by the Toronto Transit Commission (TTC) in 1937. By 1954 Toronto had the largest PCC fleet in the world, including many purchased second-hand from U.S. cities that abandoned streetcar service following the Second World War. Although it acquired new custom-designed streetcars in the late 1970s and 1980s, the TTC continued using PCCs in regular service until the mid-1990s, and retains two for charter purposes. A number of different models of Toronto PCC cars are on display at the Ontario Electric Railway Historical Society museum, the Halton County Radial Railway, near Rockwood, Ontario. Several are in operating condition and rides are available to the public. It has been suggested that TTC Special Constable Services be merged into this article or section. ... Mushroom cloud from the nuclear explosion over Nagasaki rising 18 km into the air. ... A CLRV streetcar, used on most of the TTCs streetcar routes, is seen here in downtown Toronto, shown here on the 506 route. ... The Halton County Radial Railway is a working museum of electric street cars and busses. ... Rockwood is a small community in the Township of Guelph/Eramosa, Ontario and Wellington County, Ontario. ...

PCCs still in active service

North America

In North America, most PCC-based systems were dismantled in the post-war period in favor of bus-based transit networks. Of the rail transit systems that survived this period, most had replaced their PCCs with modern light rail vehicles (LRVs) by the early 1980s. A few sites have only recently concluded operation with PCCs: This article is about light rail systems in general. ...

• The Toronto Transit Commission used PCCs on its streetcar network alongside newer vehicles until the mid-1990s. It had the largest PCC fleet in North America.
• The Newark City Subway used them until upgrading to modern LRVs in 2001.
• The unique Tandy Center Subway in Fort Worth, Texas shut down in 2002. A shuttle between a mall and its parking lot, the system used a number of PCCs, but their exteriors were heavily modified in the 1970s, making them largely unrecognizable.

As of 2005, there are still a few places in North America where transit agencies employ PCCs in true revenue service (as opposed to short-run or intermittent heritage railway service). Of these, only one has been in service continuously since the PCC's glory days: It has been suggested that TTC Special Constable Services be merged into this article or section. ... A CLRV streetcar, used on most of the TTCs streetcar routes, is seen here in downtown Toronto, shown here on the 506 route. ... PCC streetcar at Newark Penn Station in 2001, signed as 7 City Subway. ... The Tandy Center Subway operated in Fort Worth, Texas from 1963 to 2002. ... Nickname: Cowtown, Panther City Motto: Where the West Begins Location in the state of Texas Coordinates: Country United States State Texas Counties Tarrant and Denton  - Mayor Michael J. Moncrief Area    - City 774. ...

San Francisco Municipal Railway #1061, a rebuilt PCC streetcar painted in honor of the Pacific Electric Railway, is seen in service on the F Market heritage line in December, 2004. This single-ended car was originally built for the City of Philadelphia in 1946. (Pacific Electric only operated double-ended PCC's.)

• The Ashmont-Mattapan High Speed Line in Boston is a light-rail extension of the MBTA's heavy Red Line. It runs from the Ashmont terminus of the Red Line to Mattapan, and runs PCCs exclusively. The line is shut down for reconstruction from June 2006 until July 2007, but PCC cars will resume operation at that time as the line's bridges can not support heavier light rail vehicles (LRV) operated on the MBTA's Green Line.

Beginning in the late 1990s, several cities began to make use of historic PCCs to serve historic streetcar lines that combined aspects of tourist attractions and transit: Download high resolution version (2032x1524, 647 KB)Refurbished Pacific Electric #1061 running on San Franciscos Muni line in December, 2004. ... Download high resolution version (2032x1524, 647 KB)Refurbished Pacific Electric #1061 running on San Franciscos Muni line in December, 2004. ... Two forms of public transport operated by the San Francisco Municipal Railway (Muni): on the left, a bus (the 38 Geary line) and, on the right, the F Market historic streetcar. ... The Pacific Electric Railway (AAR reporting mark PE), also known as the Red Car system, was a mass transit system in Southern California using streetcars, light rail and buses. ... A scene on a heritage railway. ... Nickname: City of Brotherly Love, Philly, the Quaker City Motto: Philadelphia maneto (Let brotherly love continue) Location in Pennsylvania Coordinates: Country United States State Pennsylvania County Philadelphia Founded October 27, 1682 Incorporated October 25, 1701 Mayor John F. Street (D) Area    - City 369. ... The Ashmont-Mattapan High Speed Line (or Mattapan-Ashmont Line, or just the M Line) is considered part of the MBTAs Red Line, even though it uses different equipment (trolleys) and passengers have to change at Ashmont. ... Nickname: City on the Hill, Beantown, The Hub (of the Universe)1, Athens of America, The Cradle of Revolution, Puritan City, Americas Walking City Location in Massachusetts, USA Counties Suffolk County Mayor Thomas M. Menino(D) Area    - City 232. ... The Massachusetts Bay Transportation Authority (MBTA) is a quasi-governmental organization formed in 1964 that controls the subway, bus, commuter rail, and ferry systems in the Boston, Massachusetts area. ... View of Boston from the Red Line An MBTA Red Line train leaving Charles/MGH station bound for Alewife. ... Mattapan is a neighborhood in Boston, Massachusetts, United States. ... A tram of the Luas system in Dublin, Ireland A train of Light Rail, KCRC, Hong Kong. ... Two trains at Park Street. ...

• The F Market Line in San Francisco, opened in 1998, runs along Market Street from The Castro to the Ferry Building, then along the Embarcadero north and west to Fisherman's Wharf. This line is run by a mixture of PCC cars built between 1946 and 1952, and earlier pre-PCC cars. (Although San Francisco had removed PCCs from revenue service when the city's light rail was transformed into the Muni Metro system in 1980, they had made occasional festival trips in the ensuing years before being returned to full-time service.)

• The Kenosha Electric Streetcar in Kenosha, Wisconsin has been operating five PCCs acquired from Toronto since 2000, although service has sometimes been intermittent because of funding issues. The Kenosha Electric Streetcar is unique among modern PCC operations in that that PCCs had not run in the city before 2000—the original rail system was shut down in 1932 before any PCC cars had been built. One of its cars is still painted in its original TTC colours, while the rest have been re-decorated in the liveries of several U.S. cities.

A PCC-II trolley on SEPTA's Route 15 in Philadelphia.

• SEPTA restored trolley service to the Route 15 Girard Avenue line in West Philadelphia in September 2005 after a 15-year "temporary" suspension of trolley service in favor of diesel buses. The line uses restored and modernized (by the Brookville Manufacturing Company) PCC cars, known as PCC-II's, painted in their original green and cream Philadelphia Transit Company livery, rather than SEPTA's white with red and blue stripes. The line runs from Haddington to Port Richmond down the median of Girard Avenue. It crosses both the Broad Street Subway and the Market-Frankford Line, and stops at the Philadelphia Zoo, among other landmarks. SEPTA had originally planned to run modern Kawasaki trolleys along the line once service was restored, but a combination of economics and a desire to help revive the Girard Avenue corridor with a more "romantic" vehicle led to the agency restoring the old vehicles for about half the cost of new cars. SEPTA uses Kawasaki vehicles on the rest of its trolley lines, including the Subway-Surface Green Line linking West Philadelphia with Center City.

• One of the PCC cars from the Tandy Center Subway has been restored and is in service on the McKinney Avenue Transit Authority in Dallas, Texas.

As many cities contemplate new transit projects, PCC-based streetcar lines are an attractive option as they are relatively low cost and can serve as a tourist attraction in and of themselves, especially on routes through historic city centers. F Market PCC cars at Jones Street terminal. ... Nickname: The City by the Bay; Fog City Location of the City and County of San Francisco, California Coordinates: Country United States of America State California City-County San Francisco  - Mayor Gavin Newsom Area    - City 122 km²  (47 sq mi)  - Land 121. ... Market Street is a street in San Francisco, California that runs from the Ferry Building on San Francisco Bay at the north eastern edge of the city going southwest and terminating as a major throughfare at Castro Street. ... The sidewalk on Castro Street looking north from 18th toward Market displays some of the color of the neighborhood. ... The Embarcaderos Ferry Building The Ferry Building is a terminal for ferries that travel across the San Francisco Bay and a shopping center located on The Embarcadero in San Francisco, California. ... The Embarcaderos Ferry Building The Embarcadero is the name given the eastern waterfront of San Francisco, California, along San Francisco Bay. ... Fishermans Wharf sign Fishermans Wharf is a neighborhood in San Francisco, California, U.S. It is mainly a tourist attraction, known for being the location of Pier 39, San Francisco Maritime National Historical Park, Ghirardelli Square, Ripleys Believe it or Not, ferry rides to Alcatraz and restaurants... Muni Metro is a mass transit system operated in the City and County of San Francisco by the San Francisco Municipal Railway, managed by the Municipal Transportation Agency. ... Streetcars have been running in Kenosha, Wisconsin for more than 100 years through a variety of companies and routes. ... Kenosha (pronounced ) is a city in Kenosha County, Wisconsin. ... It has been suggested that TTC Special Constable Services be merged into this article or section. ... Image File history File links Download high-resolution version (1137x715, 97 KB) File links The following pages on the English Wikipedia link to this file (pages on other projects are not listed): PCC streetcar User:Danntm/Gallery ... Image File history File links Download high-resolution version (1137x715, 97 KB) File links The following pages on the English Wikipedia link to this file (pages on other projects are not listed): PCC streetcar User:Danntm/Gallery ... For the abbreviation SEPTA, see SEPTA. A septum, in general, is a wall separating two cavities or two spaces containing a less dense material. ... The SEPTA Route 15 is a heritage streetcar line, operated by the Southeastern Pennsylvania Transportation Authority (SEPTA), serving North and West Philadelphia. ... Nickname: City of Brotherly Love, Philly, the Cradle of Liberty, the City That Loves You Back, the Quaker City, The Birthplace of America Motto: Philadelphia maneto - Let brotherly love continue Location in Pennsylvania Coordinates: Country United States State Pennsylvania County Philadelphia Founded October 27, 1682 Incorporated October 25, 1701 Mayor... For the abbreviation SEPTA, see SEPTA. A septum, in general, is a wall separating two cavities or two spaces containing a less dense material. ... The SEPTA Route 15 is a heritage streetcar line, operated by the Southeastern Pennsylvania Transportation Authority (SEPTA), serving North and West Philadelphia. ... West Philadelphia is a region of the City of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, on the western side of the Schuylkill River to the city line, centrally located and stretching north and south of Market Street, but not including areas south of Baltimore Ave, which is a part of Southwestern Philadelphia. ... The Southeastern Pennsylvania Transportation Authoritys Broad Street Line (BSL) (also known as the Broad Street Subway (BSS) or Orange Line) runs from Fern Rock Transportation Center in the extreme northern reaches of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania to Pattison Avenue in South Philadelphia, adjacent to several stadiums. ... Market-Frankford Line Map ©SEPTA 2004 The Market-Frankford Line (MFL) (also called the Market-Frankford Subway-Elevated Line (MFSE), El or Blue Line) is a transit line in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, run by SEPTA. It begins at 69th Street Terminal just west of the city line in Upper Darby and... The Philadelphia Zoo, located in Fairmount Park on the west bank of the Schuylkill River in Philadelphia, was the first zoo in the United States. ... Kawasaki Heavy Industries, Ltd. ... The Southeastern Pennsylvania Transportation Authority (SEPTA) operates five subway-surface trolley lines in the Philadelphia, Pennsylvania area. ... Center City District, highlighted on a map of Philadelphia County. ... M-line Streetcar at Cityplace Station The McKinney Avenue Transit Authority, a non-profit organization, operates the M-line Streetcar line in Dallas, Texas (USA). ...      Nickname: Big D Location in the state of Texas Country United States State Texas Counties Dallas, Collin, Denton, Kaufman, and Rockwall Mayor Laura Miller Area    - City 997. ...

Europe

Czech-built Tatra T3 PCC cars are still common in eastern Europe.

Pre-war tram networks remain largely intact in a number of European cities, and many still use PCCs as part or all of their rolling stock. Late-model PCCs remain in use in Belgium. The vehicles used in Antwerp and Ghent vehicles are metre-gauge, while those used in Brussels are standard gauge. One of the peculiarities of the Brussels PCC vehicles is that some of them have been equipped with bogies and electric motors acquired second-hand in the United States from decommissioned streetcars from Kansas City, Missouri and Johnstown, Pennsylvania. Download high resolution version (1006x830, 370 KB)Streetcar in Prague showing pantograph. ... Download high resolution version (1006x830, 370 KB)Streetcar in Prague showing pantograph. ... For other uses, see Antwerp (disambiguation). ... Ghent municipality and district in the province East Flanders Ghent (IPA: ; Gent in Dutch; Gand in French, formerly Gaunt in English) is a city and a municipality located in Flanders, Belgium. ... Narrow-gauge railways are railroads (railways) with track spaced at less than the standard gauge of 4 ft 8 in (1. ... Nickname: The Capital Of Europe, Comic City City of a 100 Museums[] Map showing the location of Brussels in Belgium Coordinates: Country Belgium Region Brussels-Capital Region Founded 979 Founded (Region) June 18, 1989  - Mayor (Municipality) Freddy Thielemans Area    - City 162 (Region) km²  (62. ... As railways developed and expanded one of the key issues to be decided was that of the rail gauge (the distance between the two rails of the track) which should be used. ... Bogies This game was started by BBCs Dick and Dom as part of their hit childrens TV show, Dick and Dom in da Bungalow. ... Rotating magnetic field as a sum of magnetic vectors from 3 phase coils An electric motor converts electrical energy into mechanical energy. ... Nickname: City of Fountains or Heart of America Location in Jackson, Clay, Platte, and Cass Counties in the state of Missouri. ... Nickname: Flood City Location of Johnstown within Pennsylvania. ...

The tram system of Sofia, Bulgaria was officially opened on January 1, 1901 with six lines totaling 23 km served by 25 trams and 10 trailers. Today, its tram system has 16 lines totaling 221 km served by 190 trams, some of which are Tatra PCCs. In Romania, Bucharest's extensive tramway network features a large fleet of Tatra T4R PCCs (comprising about 20% of the entire tramway's fleet - they were 131 T4R's; now, 8 of them were converted into 4 single-articulated Bucur trams: 2 were called V2S-T and the other 2 were called V2A-T). All T4Rs and Bucur trams operate on lines in the west of the city (because 122 out of 123 T4Rs belong to Militari Garage (Depoul Militari)... the 123rd T4R is a school-tram, assigned to Depoul Titan): 8, 11, 35, 47 and 48. They are generally run in pairs (except lines 47 and 48). Position of Sofia in Bulgaria Coordinates: Country Bulgaria Province Sofia-City Mayor Boyko Borisov Area    - City 1,310 km²  - Land (?) km²  - Water (?) km² Elevation 550 m Population (15 September 2006)  - City 1,246,791  - Density 907/km²  - Metro 1,377,761 Time zone EET (UTC+2)  - Summer (DST) EEST (UTC... January 1 is the first day of the calendar year in both the Julian and Gregorian calendars. ... 1901 (MCMI) was a common year starting on Tuesday (see link for calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Wednesday of the 13-day-slower Julian calendar). ... Status Capital of Romania Mayor Adriean Videanu, since 2005 Area 228 km² Population (2003) 1,929,615[1] Density 9131. ...

The cities Arad, Iaşi, Galaţi, Braşov, Botoşani, Cluj, Craiova, Oradea have also a large fleet of Tatra T4R or T4D(second-hand from Dresden, Leipzig, Magdeburg, and Halle - Germany). Arad may refer to: the following places in the Transylvania Arad, Romania, the main city of Arad County. ... County IaÅŸi County Status Municipality Mayor Gheorghe Nichita, Social Democratic Party, since 2003 Area 93. ... County GalaÅ£i County Status County capital Mayor Dumitru Nicolae, Social Democratic Party, since 2000 Area 241. ... County BraÅŸov County Status County capital Mayor George Scripcaru, since 2004 Area  km² Population (2002) 283,901 Density  inh/km² Geographical coordinates Web site http://www. ... County BotoÅŸani County Status County capital Mayor Cătălin Mugurel Flutur, National Liberal Party, since 2004 Population (2002) 115,069 Geographical coordinates , Web site http://www. ... Cluj may refer to Cluj County, Romania Cluj-Napoca, county seat of Cluj County, named Cluj until 1974 Category: ... County Dolj County Status County capital Mayor Antonie Solomon, Democratic Party, since 2004 Area 81,41 km² Population (2002) 302,601 Density  inh/km² Geographical coordinates Web site http://www. ... County Bihor County Status County capital Mayor Petru Filip, Democratic Party, since 2000 Area 111. ... For other uses, see Dresden (disambiguation). ... [] (Sorbian/Lusatian: Lipsk) is the largest city in the Federal State (Bundesland) of Saxony in Germany. ... To meet Wikipedias quality standards, this article or section may require cleanup. ... Halle (also called Halle an der Saale in order to distinguish from Halle in North Rhine-Westphalia) is the largest town in the German Bundesland of Saxony-Anhalt. ...

Several tramways in the Czech Republic and Slovakia still use Tatra PCC cars, while many in Poland still operate Konstal PCCs. Some in the former East Germany also still use them, but many have been extensively modified.

PCCs in Pop Culture

Although few cities have run PCCs since 1960, they are still quite identifiable as streetcars and, because of their 1930s-era deco, streamlined design, quite aesthetically pleasing. PCC streetcars were featured prominently in a Dockers ad campaign in which two PCC cars operating on San Francisco's Embarcadero Line pass each other, and a man and woman, after making eye contact, each jump out of their seats, miss the train on the other track only to find that they are united as the cars pull away. Youtube Videos: [2][3]. The current logo for Dockers Dockers is also plural of docker. ...

See also

• Peter Witt streetcar
• Birney Safety Car

A Peter Witt streetcar in Milan. ... This article describes the mass transit vehicle. ...

External links

Wikimedia Commons has media related to:

PCC streetcar

• [4]
• PCC Car - The Industry Saviour?
• The PCC Car - Not So Standard
• PCC streetcars in NYC
• Streetcars in Kenosha, Wisconsin
• Madrid trams (in Dutch)

Image File history File links Commons-logo. ... Streetcars have been running in Kenosha, Wisconsin for more than 100 years through a variety of companies and routes. ...

References

• Carlson et. al. (1986), The Colorful Streetcars We Rode, Bulletin 125 of the Central Electric Railfans' Association, Chicago, Il. ISBN 0-915348-25-X
• Kashin, S., Demoro, H. (1986), An American Original: The PCC Car, Interurban Press, ISBN 0-916374-73-4

• (Spanish) López Bustos, Carlos, Tranvías de Madrid, Aldaba Ediciones, Madrid 1986, ISBN 84-86629-00-4