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PMR446 (Personal Mobile Radio, 446 MHz) is a radio frequency part of the UHF range that is open without licensing for personal usage in most members of the European Union. It has roughly the same use as FRS in the United States. Depending on surrounding terrain range can vary from a few hundred meters (in a city) to a few kilometers (flat coutryside). Image File history File links Download high resolution version (705x1523, 111 KB) PMR446 Radio (Personal Mobile Radio, 446Mhz. ... Image File history File links Download high resolution version (705x1523, 111 KB) PMR446 Radio (Personal Mobile Radio, 446Mhz. ... Rough plot of Earths atmospheric transmittance (or opacity) to various wavelengths of electromagnetic radiation, including radio waves. ... This article is about the radio frequency. ... The Family Radio Service is an improved walkie talkie system authorized in the United States. ...

PMR446 usage is not generally legal in the United States; however, the standard allocation is within the range of the 440MHz band used by US amateur radio operators. To meet Wikipedias quality standards and conform with our NPOV policy, this article or section may require cleanup. ...

History

The first steps towards creating licence-free short range radio communcations where taken already in April 1997 when European Radio Communications Committee decided on 446MHz frequency band to be used for the new radios. In November 1998 another 3 decisions followed which designated the new frequency band for PMR446, established licence exemption for PMR446 equipment and established free circulation of the PMR446 equipment. The first country which introduced these frequencies for licence-free use was Ireland and it did so already since 1st April 1998. The United Kingdom introduced PMR446 service in April 1999. For an updated list of current status in different European countries see the page of European Radiocommunications Office.

In addition to PMR446, some countries in the EU have begun to introduce LPD433 (Low Power Device 433MHz) and SRD860 (Short Range Device 860MHz) licence-free short range transceiver radios. Both LPD433 and SRD860 are deployed as dedicated handsets and in combination with PMR446 handsets, as with the Alan 777. These radios give an additional 69 channels (LPD433) and 126 channels (SRD860) which can be used with CTCSS or DCS to eliminate cross-chat. These extra LPD and SRD channels have been introduced to reduce the burden on the 8 PMR446 channels over shorter distances (<1km). In telecommunication, a low-power communication device is a restricted radiation device, exclusive of those employing conducted or guided radio frequency techniques, used for the transmission of signs, signals (including control signals), writing, images and sounds or intelligence of any nature by radiation of electromagnetic energy. ... In telecommunication, a low-power communication device is a restricted radiation device, exclusive of those employing conducted or guided radio frequency techniques, used for the transmission of signs, signals (including control signals), writing, images and sounds or intelligence of any nature by radiation of electromagnetic energy. ... In telecommunications, squelch is a circuit function that acts to suppress the audio (or video) output of a receiver. ... DCS is an acronym and can mean: a Digital Cellular System (DCS 1800 or GSM-1800), a mobile communications-based PCS network used outside of the U.S. a digital cross connect system a type of telecom equipment a Distributed Control System (Industrial Automation) an illness related to pressure changes...

Distance Records

The range of the PMR446, just like any other radio, is dependant on many factors like environment (in city range is far less than in open field), your altitude and weather conditions. When these factors combine favourably the range of radio transmission may increase 100 times or more. The best known long distance record is 535.8 km (333 mi) from town of Blyth in United Kingdom to the city of Almere in The Netherlands.[1] The Netherlands (Dutch: Nederland) is the European part of the Kingdom of the Netherlands (Dutch: Koninkrijk der Nederlanden). ...

Technical information

There are eight FM channels separated by 12.5kHz from each other. Per regulation, maximum power, like FRS, is 500mW and equipment must be handheld with a fixed antenna. CTCSS is usually used, with more upmarket models also featuring DCS. Frequency modulation (FM) is a form of modulation which represents information as variations in the instantaneous frequency of a carrier wave. ... A yagi antenna Most simply, an antenna (U.S.) or aerial (UK) is an electronic component designed to transmit or receive radio waves. ... In telecommunications, squelch is a circuit function that acts to suppress the audio (or video) output of a receiver. ... DCS is an acronym and can mean: a Digital Cellular System (DCS 1800 or GSM-1800), a mobile communications-based PCS network used outside of the U.S. a digital cross connect system a type of telecom equipment a Distributed Control System (Industrial Automation) an illness related to pressure changes...

It is also possible to extend the range of communication by setting up a gateway between a radio and the internet using eQSO. eQSO is a client-server software program designed by amateur radio enthusiasts for linking amateur radio frequency gateways and repeaters via the internet. ...

External links

• http://www.446user.co.uk/
• PMR446 resources
• PMR446 long distance records

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