To the north another group of people, the Burmese began infiltrating the area as well. By 849, they had founded a powerful kingdom centred on the city of Pagan (now spelled Bagan) and filled the void left by the Pyu. The kingdom grew in relative isolation until the reign of Anawrahta (1044 - 77) who successfully unified all of Myanmar by defeating the Mon city of Thaton in 1057. Consolidation was accomplished under his successors Kyanzittha (1084-1112) and Alaungsithu (1112-1167), so that by the mid-12th century, most of continental Southeast Asia was under the control of either the Pagan Kingdom or the Khmer Empire. The Pagan kingdom went into decline as more land and resources fell into the hands of the powerful sangha (monkhood) and the Mongols threatened from the north. The last true ruler of Pagan, Narathihapate (reigned 1254-87) felt confident in his ability to resist the Mongols and advanced into Yunnan in 1277 to make war upon them. He was thoroughly crushed at the Battle of Ngasaunggyan, and Pagan resistance virtually collapsed. The king was assassinated by his own son in 1287, precipitating a Mongol invasion in the Battle of Pagan; the Mongols successfully captured most of the empire, including its capital, and ended the dynasty in 1289 when the Mongols installed a puppet ruler in Myanmar. Events Births Deaths August 18 - Walafrid Strabo, German monk and theologian Categories: 849 ... Bagan (Burmese: ; MLCTS: ), formerly Pagan, formally titled Arimaddanapura (the City of the Enemy Crusher) and also known as Tambadipa (the Land of Copper) was the ancient capital of several ancient kingdoms in Myanmar (Burma). ... Anawrahta (reigned 1044-1077), also spelled Aniruddha or Anoarahtâ or Anoa-ra-htá-soa, was a ruler of the kingdom of Bagan and the first ruler of a unified Burma. ... Events King Anawrahta seizes the throne of Pagan, Myanmar Births Rodrigo Diaz de Vivar, known as The Cid (d. ... Events January 26 - Henry IV, Holy Roman Emperor visits Pope Gregory VII as a penitent, asking him remove sentence of excommunication Robert Curthose instigates his first insurrection against his father, William the Conqueror Seljuk Turks capture Nicaea Süleyman I of Rüm becomes the leader of the Sultanate of... Events King Macbeth I of Scotland is killed in battle against Malcolm Canmore. ... King Kyanzittha (Burmese: ; MLCTS: ; IPA: ) was king of Bagan from 1084 to 1113. ... Events Saint Bruno founds the Carthusian Order of monks Kyanzittha begins his reign in Myanmar. ... Events The people of Laon, France, proclaim a commune and murder their bishop Salzwedel, Germany is founded The German state of Baden is founded Afonso I becomes Count of Portugal Otto of Ballenstedt is made Duke of Saxony by Henry V, Holy Roman Emperor Births Deaths October 5 - Sigebert of... Events Taira no Kiyomori becomes the first samurai to be appointed Daijo Daijin, chief minister of the government of Japan Peter of Blois becomes the tutor of William II of Sicily Absalon, archbishop of Denmark, leads the first Danish synod at Lund Absalon fortifies Copenhagen William Marshal, the greatest knight... (11th century - 12th century - 13th century - other centuries) As a means of recording the passage of time, the 12th century was that century which lasted from 1101 to 1200. ... Location of Southeast Asia Southeast Asia is a subregion of Asia. ... Map of Asia and Europe circa 1100 C.E. and the golden age of Khmer Empire. ... It has been suggested that bhikkhu be merged into this article or section. ... This article or section is in need of attention from an expert on the subject. ... Narathihapate was king of Pagan (1254-1287) in northern Myanmar. ... For broader historical context, see 1250s and 13th century. ... For broader historical context, see 1280s and 13th century. ... Yunnan (Simplified Chinese: 云南; Traditional Chinese: 雲南; Hanyu pinyin: ) is a province of the Peoples Republic of China, located in the far southwestern corner of the country. ... Events The philosophical doctrine Averroism is banned from Paris by bishop Etienne Tempier Burmas Pagan empire begins to disintegrate after being defeated by Kublai Khan at Ngasaungsyan, near the Chinese border. ... The Battle of Ngasaunggyan was fought in 1277 between Kublai Khans Mongol Yuan Dynasty of China, and their neighbors to the south, the Pagan Empire (in present-day Myanmar) led by Narathihapate. ... For broader historical context, see 1280s and 13th century. ... The Battle of Pagan was fought in 1287 between Kublai Khans Mongol Yuan dynasty of China, and their neighbors to the south, the Pagan Empire. ... For broader historical context, see 1280s and 13th century. ...

^† Although Anawratha is accounted for the founding of Bagan, Thamudarit is the listed as the "traditional" founder of Bagan in The Glass Palace Chronicle (Hmannan Yazawin). Anawrahta (reigned 1044-1077), also spelled Aniruddha or Anoarahtâ or Anoa-ra-htá-soa, was a ruler of the kingdom of Bagan and the first ruler of a unified Burma. ... King Kyanzittha (Burmese: ; MLCTS: ; IPA: ) was king of Bagan from 1084 to 1113. ... Anawrahta (reigned 1044-1077), also spelled Aniruddha or Anoarahtâ or Anoa-ra-htá-soa, was a ruler of the kingdom of Bagan and the first ruler of a unified Burma. ... The Glass Palace Chronicle (Burmese: ; MLCTS: ; IPA: ) is a historical work written in Burmese commissioned by King Bagyidaw (1819-1837) in 1829, and compiled by scholars to consolidate and compile all works of the history of Burmese rulers. ...