Pagania in the 9th century, according to De administrando imperio

Pagania, Merania or Neretvia, the Neretvian Frontier was a South Slavic principality that existed in area of southern Dalmatia (modern day Republic of Croatia), west of the river Neretva (Narenta). The Romeii named the region Pagania because the Neretvians didn't accept Christianity when most other South Slavs did. Image File history File links Pagania. ... Image File history File links Pagania. ... De Administrando Imperio is the commonly used title of a scholarly work from ca. ... Map of Croatia with Dalmatia highlighted Dalmatia (Croatian: Dalmacija Serbian: Далмација) is a region on the eastern coast of the Adriatic Sea, in modern Croatia, spreading between the island of Rab in the northwest and the Gulf of Kotor (Boka Kotorska) in the southeast. ... River Neretva in Mostar, 2004 Neretva is a river in Bosnia and Herzegovina and Croatia. ...

Geography

De Administrando Imperio states:

"From the river Orontius begins Pagania and stretches along as far as the river Zentina; it has three 'zhupanates', Rhastotza and Mokros and that of Dalen. Two of these 'zhupanates', viz., Rhastotza and that of Mokros, lie on the sea, and possess galleys; but that of Dalenos lies distant from the sea, and they live by agriculture.

Neighbour to them are four islands, Meleta, Kourkoura, Bratza and Pharos, most fair and fertile, with deserted cities upon them and many olive-yards; on these they dwell and keep their flocks, from which they live.

Pagania in the 9th century, according to De administrando imperio

Pagania bordered Croatia (Dalmatia) to the west and spread eastwards from the river of Cetina. Pagania was consisted out of three lesser Principalities: Makar, Rastik (from Imotski until Ljubiški) and Dalen (which is not on the coast). It also included the islands of Mljet, Korčula (which also has a City of the same name), Brač and Hvar. The main Narentine cities were Vrulja, Mokro, Ostrog and Lavćen or Slavineca; but by far the most important was the fortified Omiš in the later ages. At the east, Neretvia reached the river of Neretva, which faced Zachlumia. Image File history File links Principalities02. ... Image File history File links Principalities02. ... De Administrando Imperio is the commonly used title of a scholarly work from ca. ... Map of Croatia with Dalmatia highlighted Dalmatia (Croatian: Dalmacija Serbian: Далмација) is a region on the eastern coast of the Adriatic Sea, in modern Croatia, spreading between the island of Rab in the northwest and the Gulf of Kotor (Boka Kotorska) in the southeast. ... Cetina is a river in central Dalmatia, Croatia. ... Makarska old town. ... Imotski is a small town in the Dalmatian hinterland, population 4,347, total municipality population 10,213 (2001). ... OmiÅ¡ is a town and port in Dalmatia, Croatia located approximately 25 km (16 miles) south-east of the Croatias second largest city of Split. ... Mljet (Latin Melila, Italian Meleda) is the most southerly and easterly of the larger Adriatic islands of the Dalmatia region of Croatia. ... Coat of arms Korčula (Italian Curzola, Latin Corcyra Nigra, Greek Korkyra Melaina, Old-Slavic: Krkar) is an island in the Adriatic Sea, in the Dubrovnik-Neretva county of Croatia. ... Location Brač Brač is a Croatian island in the Adriatic Sea, with an area of 396 km², making it the third largest island in the Adriatic, and thus the largest in Dalmatia. ... Coat of arms A view of the city of Hvar from the Castle A view of Stari Grad on Hvar Hvar (Italian Lesina, Latin Pharia, Greek Pharos) is a Croatian island in the Adriatic Sea, located off the Dalmatian coast. ... Makarska old town. ... OmiÅ¡ is a town and port in Dalmatia, Croatia located approximately 25 km (16 miles) south-east of the Croatias second largest city of Split. ... River Neretva in Mostar, 2004 Neretva is a river in Bosnia and Herzegovina and Croatia. ... Zahumlje in the 9th century, according to De administrando imperio Zahumlje, also known as the Land of Hum and Chelm, was a medieval principality located in todays Herzegovina (modern day Bosnia and Herzegovina), and southern Dalmatia (modern day Republic of Croatia). ...

The Adriatic coastland of Pagania inhabited ranged 75 kilometers from the mouth of Neretva in the Adriatic Sea at the east to the City of Split at the west. It was 10-20 kilometers wide. Split (Italian: Spalato, Latin: Spalatum, Greek: Aspalathos) is the largest and most important city in Dalmatia, the administrative center of Croatias Split-Dalmatia County. ...

Most of the soil was composed out of forests and swamps, while there was very little arable land. Eucalyptus Forest at Swifts Creek in East Gippsland, Victoria, Australia. ... A freshwater swamp This article is about the wetland type (a landform). ... Modern arable agriculture typically uses large fields like this one in Dorset, England. ...

Name

The Neretvians were named by their land, Neretvia, which was named by its neighbouring river. Their secondary name, Pagans (and thus their land Pagania), the Romeii gave them because they weren't Christianized in the time when most South Slavs were. The Latin name Merania, meaning the Coastland, was also used - and it gave the name for its denizens: Marians. Byzantine Empire is the term conventionally used to describe the Roman Empire during the Middle Ages, centered around its capital in Constantinople. ... Countries inhabited by South Slavs (in black) Distribution of Slavic peoples by language The South Slavs are a southern branch of the Slavic peoples that live in the Balkans, the southern Pannonian Plain and the eastern Alps. ... Latin is an ancient Indo-European language. ...

People

The Pagans fiercly opposed Christianity, seeing it as a means of oppression, and cherished the Slavic Paganism for long. Christianity is a monotheistic[1] religion centred on Jesus of Nazareth, and on his life and teachings as presented in the New Testament. ... Slavic mythology and Slavic religion evolved over more than 3,000 years. ...

Next to sailing, the Marians were proffessed in trading, growing olives, figs and vineyards. On the outskirts of Biokovo and Mosor and on the islands, they herded cattle and they were also tilling the fields to an extent. In the later medieval ages, Merania imported wheat and exported wine, solted fish, dry fruits, etc. Sailing at sunset Wooden sailing boat Sailing is the skillful art of controlling the motion of a sailing ship or smaller boat, across a body of water. ... Look up Trade in Wiktionary, the free dictionary Trade centers on the exchange of goods and/or services. ... For the Italian political alliance see Olive Tree, and the color, olive (color). ... Species About 800, including: Ficus altissima Ficus americana Ficus aurea Ficus benghalensis - Indian Banyan Ficus benjamina - Weeping Fig Ficus broadwayi Ficus carica - Common Fig Ficus citrifolia Ficus drupacea Ficus elastica Ficus godeffroyi Ficus grenadensis Ficus hartii Ficus lyrata Ficus macbrideii Ficus microcarpa - Chinese Banyan Ficus nota Ficus obtusifolia Ficus palmata... A vineyard A vineyard is a place where grapes are grown for making wine, raisins, or table grapes. ... Biokovo, a view from Tučepi. ... Binomial name Bos taurus Linnaeus, 1758 Cattle (called cows in vernacular and contemporary usage, kine or kyne in pre-modern English, or kye as the Scots plural of cou) are domesticated ungulates, a member of the subfamily Bovinae of the family Bovidae. ... Species T. boeoticum T. compactum T. dicoccoides T. dicoccon T. durum T. monococcum T. spelta T. sphaerococcum References:   ITIS 42236 2002-09-22 Wheat (Triticum spp. ... Wine is an alcoholic beverage produced by the fermentation of the juice of fruits, usually grapes. ... The Guppy, also known as guppie (Poecilia reticulata) is one of the most popular freshwater aquarium fish species in the world. ... Popular Japanese fashion magazine throughout the 1990s; the photography of which has recently been reissued in two collections from Phaidon press. ...

Their best expertiese and the main income of the Pagans was piracy. The loot was split traditionally just as the catch of fish - one half goes to the provider of the ships and/or the organizer of the hunt (Prince or Archont) and the other half is split amongst the crewmembers. The main type of vessel the Neretvians used was the Slavic Sagena (Latin: "Sagitta", meaning: "arrow") from the beginning of the 9th century, a variation of the Scandinavian Viking Drakkar. It was a long, relativly shallow vessel that was specific for its high speed with a slender body, a sharp bow and a mast. It was manned by 40 crewmembers that were at the same time proffessional fighters. Other than this type of vessel, the Pagans used the Kondura; a ship similar to the Sagena, but a lot smaller, with a crew of 20 members. The Marians also used other types of vessels and barges. The flag of 18th-century pirate Calico Jack This article is about sea piracy; for other uses of Piracy or Pirate, see Pirate (disambiguation). ... Loot has several meanings: Loot is a stage play by Joe Orton; see loot (play). ... Latin is an ancient Indo-European language. ... Japanese arrow (ya) and head // Weapon An arrow is a pointed projectile that is shot with a bow. ... As a means of recording the passage of time the 9th century was that century that lasted from 801 to 900. ... Scandinavia is a region in Northern Europe named after the Scandinavian Peninsula. ... For other uses, see Viking (disambiguation). ... The Oseberg longship (Viking Ship Museum, Norway) Longships, langskip or drakkar were boats used by the Scandinavians and Saxons for mostly military purposes. ...

The Marian rulers were called Morstiks and Judges, although the Church refers to them as Kings. The titles of the nobility were: Prince, Treasure-keeper, Chaplain, Knight. Župa or Żupa (Cyrillic Жупа) is a Slavic term originally denoting various territorial and other subunits, usually a small administrative division, especially a gathering of several villages. ... Treasure is a concentration of riches, often that which is considered lost or forgotten until being rediscovered. ... A chaplain is typically a member of the clergy serving a group of people who are not organized as a mission or church; lay chaplains are also found in some settings such as universities. ... The silver Anglia knight, commissioned as a trophy in 1850, intended to represent the Black Prince. ...

History

Founding

The Principality (Archonty) of Neretvia was created by the descendants of the unbaptised Slavs that were given the corresponding lands to inhabit in the first half of the 7th century, unsatisfied with their previous lands in the Theme of Thessalonika. As they abandoned their lands in the central Balkans and migrated backwards across the river of Danube, the Neretvians convinced Emperor Heraclius through their envoy, the Governor of Singidunum, to give them these new lands. There, they rather quickly assimilated with the local Romanized Latin populace which transferred them the secret of shipbuilding that combined with already rich practical Slavic experience. The Latin citizenry didn't manage to maintain its culture in Pagania like elsewhere in Dalmatia, as cities lost their fame quickly - like Narona, at the mouth of Neretva, that didn't survive the Slavic invasions. A principality is a monarchical feudatory or sovereign state, ruled or reigned over by a Monarch with the title of prince or princess (a synonym is princedom) or (in the widest sense) a Monarch with another title within the generic use of the term prince. ... The Slavic peoples are the most numerous ethnic and linguistic body of peoples in Europe. ... The 7th century is the period from 601 - 700 in accordance with the Julian calendar in the Christian Era. ... The White Tower The Arch of Galerius Map showing the Thessaloníki prefecture Thessaloníki (Θεσσαλονίκη) is the second-largest city of Greece and is the principal city and the capital of the Greek region of Macedonia. ... The Danube bend at Visegrád is a popular destination of tourists The Danube (ancient Danuvius) is Europes second-longest river (after the Volga). ... Singidunum was an ancient Roman city, first settled by the Scordisci in the 3rd century B.C., and later garrisoned and fortified by the Romans who romanized the name. ...

Early

The Slavic Neretvian pirates have started to improve their shipbuilding trades when the Arabs started to massivly jeoperdize the Eastern Roman Imperial waters. The old fierce pirateering Illyrian tradition and their fameous resistence against the Romans was relieved. The Ancient Slavs were skilled shipbuilders and tallanted in the naval arts. Already by the middle of the 7th century - in 642 - the Slavs dispatched from the Dalmatian coast towards Italia and invaded Benentine Siponte at the Gulf of Monte Gargano. Afterwards, raids in the Adriatic increased rapidly, until Slavs became the most fiersome threat to safe travelling. Illyrians has come to refer to a broad, ill-defined group of peoples who inhabited the western Balkans (from northern Epirus to southern Pannonia) and even perhaps parts of Southern Italy in classical times into the Common era, and spoke Illyrian languages. ... The Roman Forum was the central area around which ancient Rome developed. ... Benevento is a town and archiepiscopal see of Campania, Italy, capital of the province of Benevento, 32 miles northeast of Naples. ... Monte Gargano in Apulia, Italy, is the site of the oldest shrine in Western Europe dedicated to the archangel Michael, the militant Christian transformation of Mithras. ... The Adriatic Sea is an arm of the Mediterranean Sea separating the Apennine peninsula (Italy) from the Balkan peninsula, and the system of the Apennine Mountains from that of the Dinaric Alps and adjacent ranges. ...

In 827-828, when the majority of the Venetian naval power was campaigining in the Sicilian waters, the Neretvians took more liberty in their raiding quests; but after the Venetian Navy returned, the Marians eased down again. One Neretvian leader was baptised in the Republic of Venetia in 829, marking a Treaty between Merania and the Venetian Republic. Although, not feeling any excessive vow of loyalty - as soon as the times in the Adriatic or in Venetia got worse - they resurrected their old trade, thus braking the treaty. When the Neretvians raided and slaughtered several Venetian traders returning from Benevento in southern Italia in 834/835, the Venetians were petrified. It is because of this that the new Venetian Doge, Pietro Tradonico led a large fleet against these slavic pirates accross the Adriatic in 839. To divide and conquer them, the Venetians made peace with Neretvia's traditional allies, the Croats of Dalmatia under Duke Mislav and with some of the Marian tribes led by Prince Družak (Drosaico, Marianorum judice). The Venetian offensive was launched again in 840 against the Neretvian Prince Ljudislav, but met little success. Doge Pietro had lost more than 100 men on this campaign and had to return infamously to Venetia. Venetia is a name used mostly in a historical context for the area of north-eastern Italy formerly under the control of the Republic of Venice and corresponding approximately to the present-day Italian administrative regions of the Veneto and Friuli-Venezia Giulia. ... Benevento is a town and archiepiscopal see of Campania, Italy, capital of the province of Benevento, 32 miles northeast of Naples. ... Pietro Tradonico, an Istrian by birth, was the Doge of Venice from 837 to 864. ... Croats (Croatian: Hrvati) are a South Slavic people mostly living in Croatia, Bosnia and Herzegovina and nearby countries. ... This is the history of Dalmatia. ... // Earliest history The details of the arrival of the Croats are scarcely documented. ... Mislav was the duke (knez) of the Dalmatian Croatia, reigned 835–845. ...

These Dalmatian Slavs utilized the moment of Venetian weakness when the Arabs were heavily attacking them, and took more and more daring military attempts against the Venetians. In 846, they breached to Venice itself and robbed the neighbouring lagoon city of Kaorle . After numerious successful military attempts; self-conscience, freedom and tribalism gained ever more strength in Neretvia. The Marians were the first that took the initiative of fighting for themselves, but unlike other Slavs, these were strictly for the personal gains and guarranteed attaining of the loot. Country Italy Region Veneto Province Venice (VE) Mayor Massimo Cacciari (since April 18, 2005) Elevation m Area 412 km² Population  - Total (as of December 31, 2004) 271,251  - Density 646/km² Time zone CET, UTC+1 Coordinates Gentilic Veneziani Dialing code 041 Postal code 30100 Frazioni Chirignago, Favaro Veneto, Mestre...

The Neretvians have for long by the second half of the 9th century been trying to remove their pirateering habits and change their lifestyle completly. Despite that, the Neretvians kidnapped the Roman Bishop's emissaries that were returning from the Ecclesiastical Council in Constantinople in the middle of March of 870. The Pagans have for long resisted the influences of Christianity, until Eastern Roman Emperor Basil I of the Macedonian dynasty finally pacified them with a naval military attempt, after which he reunified the whole of Dalmatia under Imperial Byzantine rule and Constantinople. Pressed, the Pagans sent emissaries to the Emperor and requested baptising. The Byzantine Empire sent Priests to Pagania and put its Slavs under its protectorate. Christianity is a monotheistic[1] religion centred on Jesus of Nazareth, and on his life and teachings as presented in the New Testament. ... Basil, his son Constantine, and his second wife, emperess Eudoxia Ingerina. ...

The Arab navelmen raided Neretvian Brač in 872. The Arabs continued to dominate the Adriatic seas until the Romeii pushed the Saracens out of it and the surrounding regions. As soon as the Imperial Navy abandoned the waters of the Adriatic, the Pagans couldn't resist to once more relive their old habits - which caused a Venetian military offensive against them in 886. Venetia's Doge Pietro I Candiano himself went with 12 Galleys to invade Neretvia's waters in 887 and sank 5 Neretvian ships in the Port of Mokro. After he landed his forces near Mokro, he chased the Marians, advancing deeper inland. On 18 September 887, the Neretvians rushed against him and deceisivly defeated him. In the battle, Doge Pietro I himself lost his life. This caused the Venetian Republic to renew the anti-Slavic allience with the Italian ruler Bering on 7 May 888. The Arabs (Arabic: عرب ) are predominantly speakers of the Arabic language, rather than a pure ethnic group, mainly found throughout the Middle East and North Africa. ... Location Brač Brač is a Croatian island in the Adriatic Sea, with an area of 396 km², making it the third largest island in the Adriatic, and thus the largest in Dalmatia. ... For the rugby club Saracens see Saracens (rugby club) The term Saracen comes from Greek sarakenoi. ... The word doge (pronounced /dôdj/ in English, /do-dje/ in Italian; plural dogi or doges) is a dialectical Italian word (in standard Italian it became duce) that comes from Latin dux, meaning leader, especially military, and giving rise to the noble or princely title duke in English. ... Pietro I Candiano, (c. ... Makarska old town. ... September 18 is the 261st day of the year (262nd in leap years). ... Events Emperor Uda ascends to the throne of Japan Births Deaths September 18 - Pietro I Candiano, Doge of Venice (killed in battle) Emperor Koko of Japan Categories: 887 ... Bering can refer to: Vitus Bering Bering Sea Bering Strait Bering land bridge This is a disambiguation page — a navigational aid which lists other pages that might otherwise share the same title. ... May 7 is the 127th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (128th in leap years). ... Events January 13: With the death of Charles the Fat, the Frankish kingdom is split again, and this time permanently. ...

Late

Rascia's Princes have long attained the titles Grand Princes, desiring to exceed control over, among others, the Neretvian territories. After the 893 friendship between the former enemies, Rascia and Bulgaria, Grand Prince Petar Gojniković of the House of Vlastimirović started to exert his Rascian influence over Pagania with full effect. Dyrrachion's Commander Lav Ravduh came to the Neretvian Frontier to seek allies and to gain the Neretvians against the growing Bulgarians. He met with Grand Prince Petar of Gojnik on the coast of Merania, where the Rascian ruler negotiated an allience with the Byzantines. Raška (Raschka, Rascia, Rassa) was the central and most successful medieval Serbian state (or župa, area ruled by a župan) that unified neighboring Serbian tribes into the main medieval Serbian state in Balkans. ... The term prince (the female form is princess), from the Latin root princeps, when used for a member of the highest aristocracy, has several fundamentally different meanings - one generic, and several types of titles. ... The title Grand Prince (Latin, Magnus Princeps; German, Großfürst, Finnish Suuriruhtinas, Swedish Storfurste, Lithuanian Didysis kunigaikÅ¡tis, Russian Великий князь Velikii kniaz) ranks in honour below Emperor and Tsar but higher than a sovereign Prince (Fürst) or Royal Prince. ... The House of Vlastimirović was named after Knez Vlastimir who was the great great grandson of the Unknown Archont who led the Serbs to the Balkans from White Serbia (modern day Poland, Slovakia and Ukraine) during the reign of Byzantine emperor Heraclius somewhere between 610 - 641. ...

In 917 Grand Prince Petar was tricked, and the Bulgarians installed his cousin, Pavle Branović of the same dynasty. As Pavle denied the suzeiranity of the Bulgarian Czardom, Tsar Simeon deposed him because of this and implaced his brother-by-uncle Zaharije Pribislavljević in 920-923. With the Bulgarian destruction of the Rascian realm by trickery in 924, stateless anarchy under Bulgarian occupation came, with an extent of Croatian influence being present. The First Bulgarian Empire was founded in 681 AD in the lands near the Danube delta and disintegrated in 1018 AD by annexion to the Byzantine Empire. ... Simeon or Shimon (שִׁמְעוֹן) is a Hebrew name meaning Hearkening; listening, Standard Hebrew Å imÊ¿on, Tiberian Hebrew Å imʿôn) The Greek form of the name is Simon. ...

In 927 Prince Časlav Klonimirović, the last of the Vlastimirović dynasty returned and rebuilt Serbia by 931, maintaining relations with the suzeiran Byzantine Empire. Around this time, the Neretvian Frontier had a Serbian character. After the death of Croatia's King Krešimir in 945, civil war erupted for the Croatian crown's succession, and the Neretvians took the islands of Kaza, Vis and Lastovo during Prince Časlav's expansions. The Neretvians served as the most fiersome warriors. They stubbornly did not give up their old habits towards piracy, which caused Venetian Doge Pietro III Candiano to lead a fleet of 33 Galleys against them in 948, attacking twice; in two waves. Both military attempts have utterly failed to put an end to the Neretvian domination of the Adriatic, and ever since the second, the Venetians were forced to pay taxes to the Marians for safe passage through the Adriatic Sea. In 960 the Serbian realm collapsed and the Byzantines created their own Theme of Serbia in its place. In the following periods of time, varying Croatian influence was present in the Neretvian lands. Knez/Zupan Caslav Klonimirovic Vlastimirovic Ruler of Serbia (son of Klonimir, grandson of Strojimir). ... The House of Vlastimirović was named after Knez Vlastimir who was the great great grandson of the Unknown Archont who led the Serbs to the Balkans from White Serbia (modern day Poland, Slovakia and Ukraine) during the reign of Byzantine emperor Heraclius somewhere between 610 - 641. ... Motto: none Anthem: Bože pravde (English: God of Justice) Capital Belgrade Largest city Belgrade Official language(s) Serbian1 Government Republic  - President Boris Tadić  - Prime Minister Vojislav KoÅ¡tunica Formation and independence    - Formation of Serbia 814   - Formation of the Serbian Empire 1345   - Independence from the Ottoman Empire July 13, 1878... Serbs (Serbian: Срби, Srbi) are a South Slavic people who live mainly in Serbia, Montenegro, Bosnia-Herzegovina, and, to a lesser extent, in Croatia. ... // Earliest history The details of the arrival of the Croats are scarcely documented. ... KreÅ¡imir I (died in 945) was a king of Croatia, reigned as king from about 935 until his death in 945. ... KAZA (Channel 54) is a Azteca America television station affiliate in the Los Angeles area. ... Vis can refer to: Vis, a type of Polish handgun, after the Polish word for power in Latin Vis, an island in the Adriatic Vis, town and municipality on the aforementioned island See also: VIS This is a disambiguation page — a list of articles associated with the same title. ... Map showing the location of Lastovo in Croatia Lastovo (Italian: Lagosta, Latin: Augusta Insula, Greek: Ladestanos, Illyrian: Ladest) is an island, town and municipality in the Dubrovnik-Neretva county in Croatia. ... Venetia is a name used mostly in a historical context for the area of north-eastern Italy formerly under the control of the Republic of Venice and corresponding approximately to the present-day Italian administrative regions of the Veneto and Friuli-Venezia Giulia. ... The word doge (pronounced /dôdj/ in English, /do-dje/ in Italian; plural dogi or doges) is a dialectical Italian word (in standard Italian it became duce) that comes from Latin dux, meaning leader, especially military, and giving rise to the noble or princely title duke in English. ... Pietro III Candiano was the Doge of Venice from 942 until 959. ...

On 9 May 1000 during the Spring, Venetian Doge Pietro II Orseolo decided to subject the allied Croats and Neretvians, protecting the interests of their trading colonies and the Dalmatian Romanized citizery. Without difficulties, he stroked the entire eastern Adriatic coastline - with only the Marians offering him some resistence. As a counterattak, the Neretvians kidnapped 40 of Zadar's first-graded citizens and stole a transportation loaded by goods from Apulia. On their way home, Venetian Doge Peter II dispatched 10 ships that surprised them between Lastovo and Kača and took them as prisoners to Trogir. Neretvian emissaries came to the Doge's temporary residence at Split to beg for the release of the prisoners. They guarranteed that the Marian Prince himself will show up with his men and renounce the old rights to tax the Venetians for free passage. All prisoners were allowed to return to their homes, except for 6 Neretvians that were kept as hostages. The Pagans eased down, except for Lastovo and Korčula that continued to oppose the Venetians. Korčula was conquered by Doge Peter II and Lastovo fell too after long bloody fights. As Lastovo was very infamous in the Venetian world for being a pirate haven, the Doge ordered the Lastovo city to be evacuated in order to be raized. After the denizens of Lastovo soundly refused to concur, the Venetians attacked the City. It was seized and entirely raized to the ground by the Venetian forces. May 9 is the 129th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (130th in leap years). ... // Events World Population 300 million. ... The word doge (pronounced /dôdj/ in English, /do-dje/ in Italian; plural dogi or doges) is a dialectical Italian word (in standard Italian it became duce) that comes from Latin dux, meaning leader, especially military, and giving rise to the noble or princely title duke in English. ... Pietro II Orseolo was the Doge of Venice from 991 to 1009. ... Croats (Croatian: Hrvati) are a South Slavic people mostly living in Croatia, Bosnia and Herzegovina and nearby countries. ... For other uses, see Zadar (disambiguation). ... Apulia (official Italian name: Puglia) is a region in southeastern Italy bordering the Adriatic Sea in the east, the Ionian Sea to the southeast, and the Strait of Otranto and Gulf of Taranto in the south. ... Coat of arms Trogir (Italian Traù, Latin Tragurium, Greek Tragurion) is a historic town and harbour at the Adriatic coast in Croatia, in Split-Dalmatia county, 27 km west of Split, with population 10,907 (2001), total municipality population 13,322 (2001), geographically located at 43°31′N 16°16... Split (Italian: Spalato, Latin: Spalatum, Greek: Aspalathos) is the largest and most important city in Dalmatia, the administrative center of Croatias Split-Dalmatia County. ... Map showing the location of Lastovo in Croatia Lastovo (Italian: Lagosta, Latin: Augusta Insula, Greek: Ladestanos, Illyrian: Ladest) is an island, town and municipality in the Dubrovnik-Neretva county in Croatia. ... Coat of arms Korčula (Italian Curzola, Latin Corcyra Nigra, Greek Korkyra Melaina, Old-Slavic: Krkar) is an island in the Adriatic Sea, in the Dubrovnik-Neretva county of Croatia. ...

As soon as the slavic Czardom from Macedonia was destroyed by the Byzantines in 1018, the Neretvians accepted Byzantine rule together with the Croatians.

Since the first half of the 12th century, the Neretvian land became simply known as the Frontier and was completly absorbed into the neighbouring superior Zachlumia and the Serbian state. Croatia attempted to conquer the region in the late 13th and early 14th century, but failed eventually. It has remained as a part of the Serbian Hum until Zahumlje's conquest by the Bosnian Ban Stephen II Kotromanic in 1322-1326 with the exception of Omiš, which was ceized by the Hungarians. (11th century - 12th century - 13th century - other centuries) As a means of recording the passage of time, the 12th century was that century which lasted from 1101 to 1200. ... Zahumlje in the 9th century, according to De administrando imperio Zahumlje, also known as the Land of Hum and Chelm, was a medieval principality located in todays Herzegovina (modern day Bosnia and Herzegovina), and southern Dalmatia (modern day Republic of Croatia). ... First Serbian state was founded in 800s by House of Vlastimirović under the name of RaÅ¡ka; it has evolved into Serbian Kingdom and Empire under House of Nemanjić. In modern era it was an autonomous principality (1817–1878), independent principality and kingdom (1878–1918), part of the Kingdom of...

See also

• History of Serbia
• Zachlumia
• History of Croatia
• History of Dalmatia

First Serbian state was founded in 800s by House of Vlastimirović under the name of Raška; it has evolved into Serbian Kingdom and Empire under House of Nemanjić. In modern era it was an autonomous principality (1817–1878), independent principality and kingdom (1878–1918), part of the Kingdom of... Zahumlje in the 9th century, according to De administrando imperio Zahumlje, also known as the Land of Hum and Chelm, was a medieval principality located in todays Herzegovina (modern day Bosnia and Herzegovina), and southern Dalmatia (modern day Republic of Croatia). ... This is the history of Croatia. ... This is the history of Dalmatia. ...

External links

• The forgotten Serbian tribe - the Narentines (in Serbian)