A typical pale ale

Pale ale is a term used to describe a variety of beers which use ale yeast and predominantly pale malts. It is widely considered to be one of the major beer style groups. All of the major ale producing countries have a version of Pale Ale: Britain has Bitter, America has American pale ale, France has Bière de Garde, Germany has Altbier, etc. Pale ales generally over 6% ABV tend to be grouped as Strong Pale Ales under such names as Barley Wine, Scotch Ale, Saison, American Pale Ale and Tripel. Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ... Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ... Leffe, a Belgian beer, served in branded glasses Schlenkerla Rauchbier straight from the cask Beer is the worlds oldest[1] and most popular[2] alcoholic beverage. ... It has been suggested that this article or section be merged with Yeast (baking). ... Malted barley Malting is a process applied to cereal grains, in which the grains are made to germinate and then are quickly dried before the plant develops. ... Michael Jacksons Guide Beer style is a term used to differentiate and categorise beers by various factors such as colour, strength, ingredients, production method or origin. ... Bitter is a British term for a type of beer or pale ale. ... Pale ale is a name given to beers using pale malts which are top fermented. ... A lighter coloured example of a Bière de Garde Bière de Garde is a style of ale traditionally brewed in France. ... Altbier (often abbreviated to Alt) is a dark, top-fermented type of beer from Düsseldorf and the Niederrhein region in Germany. ... Alcohol by volume (ABV) is an indication of how much alcohol (expressed as a percentage) is included in an alcoholic beverage. ... Barley wine is an English-style of ale characterized by a high original gravity, resulting in a high alcohol content, more typical of a wine than a beer (10% by volume is typical). ... Scotch Ale is the name given to a Strong Pale Ale believed to have originated in Edinburgh in the 19th century. ... Saison is the name given to pale ales brewed in Wallonia, the French-speaking region of Belgium. ... Pale ale is a name given to beers using pale malts which are top fermented. ... Trippel (also Tripel), or triple ale, is a style of Belgian beer. ...

Brief history

Pale ale was a term used for beers made from malt dried with [[Coke wasn't until around 1703 that the term pale ale was first used. By 1784 adverts were appearing in the Calcutta Gazette for "light and excellent" pale ale. By 1830 onward the expressions bitter and pale ale were synonymous. Breweries would tend to designate beers as pale ale, though customers would commonly refer to the same beers as bitter. It is thought that customers used the term bitter to differentiate these pale ales from other less noticeably hopped beers such as porter and mild. By the mid to late 20th century, while brewers were still labeling bottled beers as pale ale, they had begun identifying cask beers as bitter. While the two terms are still used interchangeably in the UK, the preference is for the term bitter to be used for both bottled and cask beer, and use of the term pale ale has declined. Malted barley Malting is a process applied to cereal grains, in which the grains are made to germinate and then are quickly dried before the plant develops. ... Founded by William Augustus Hickey, The Hickeys Bengal Gazette or the Calcutta General Advertiser was the first English language newspaper, and indeed the first printed newspaper, to be published in the Indian sub-continent. ... Żywiec Porter Porter is a style of beer in the ale family which has a dark colour. ... Mild ale is a low-gravity, malty beer that originated in the United Kingdom in the 1600s or earlier. ...

English Bitter

Main article: Bitter (beer)

The expression first appears in the UK in the early 19th century as part of the development and spread of Pale Ale. All the pale ales are bitter but the opposite is not always true: there are Bitter Ales that are not pale ales. Drinkers tend to loosely group the beers into Session or Ordinary Bitter (up to 4.1% ABV), Best or Regular Bitter (between 4.2% and 4.7% ABV) and Premium or Strong Bitter (4.8% ABV and over). Hop levels will vary within each sub group, though there is a tendency for the hops in the Session Bitter group to be more noticeable. Bitter is a British term for a type of beer or pale ale. ...

Burton Pale Ale

Later in the second half of the nineteenth century, the recipe for pale ale was put into use by the Burton upon Trent brewers, notably Bass; ales from Burton were considered of a particularly high quality due to synergy between the malt and hops in use and local water chemistry, especially the presence of gypsum. Burton retained absolute dominance in pale ale brewing until a chemist, C. W. Vincent discovered the process of Burtonisation to reproduce the chemical composition of the water from Burton-upon-Trent, thus giving any brewery the capability to brew pale ale. Alternative meaning: Nineteenth Century (periodical) (18th century — 19th century — 20th century — more centuries) As a means of recording the passage of time, the 19th century was that century which lasted from 1801-1900 in the sense of the Gregorian calendar. ... Map sources for Burton-upon-Trent at grid reference SK2422 Burton upon Trent also known as Burton-on-Trent, or simply Burton, is a large town straddling the River Trent in the east of Staffordshire, England, which originally grew up around the monastery of St. ... Bass is the name of a former brewery and the brand name for several English beers originally but no longer brewed in Burton upon Trent. ... It has been suggested that Selenite be merged into this article or section. ... Burtonisation is the act of adding sulphate, often in the form of gypsum, to the water used for the brewing of beer, in order to bring out the flavour of the hops. ...

Bière de Garde

A Bière de Garde

Bière de Garde, or "keeping beer", is a pale ale traditionally brewed in the Pas-de-Calais region of France. These beers were usually brewed by farmhouses in the winter and spring, to avoid unpredictable problems with the yeast during the summertime. Image File history File links Size of this preview: 366 × 600 pixelsFull resolution (601 × 985 pixel, file size: 311 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) (All user names refer to en. ... Image File history File links Size of this preview: 366 × 600 pixelsFull resolution (601 × 985 pixel, file size: 311 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) (All user names refer to en. ... Pas-de-Calais is a département in northern France named after the strait which it borders. ...

The origins of the name lies in the tradition that it was matured/cellared for a period of time once bottled (and most sealed with a cork), to be consumed later in the year, akin to a Saison. Saison is the name given to pale ales brewed in Wallonia, the French-speaking region of Belgium. ...

There are a number of beers named Bière de Garde in France, but some of the better known brands include:

• Brasserie de Saint Sylvestre, Trois Monts (8.5%abv)
• Brasseurs Duyck, Jenlain (6.5%abv)
• Brasserie La Choulette, Ambrée (7.5%abv)

A bottle and Full glass of 3 Monts Trois Monts is a Bière de garde (Ale) brewed at 8. ... Alcohol by volume (ABV) is an indication of how much alcohol (expressed as a percentage) is included in an alcoholic beverage. ... Alcohol by volume (ABV) is an indication of how much alcohol (expressed as a percentage) is included in an alcoholic beverage. ... Alcohol by volume (ABV) is an indication of how much alcohol (expressed as a percentage) is included in an alcoholic beverage. ...

Saison

Main article: Saison (ale)

Saison is the name given to pale ales brewed in Wallonia, the French-speaking region of Belgium. Saisons are considered to be a farmhouse ale, because saisons were originally brewed in farmhouses for farm workers who were entitled to a half dozen pints of ale or more throughout the workday during harvest season. Saisons are generally bottle conditioned ales, with an average alcohol by volume range of 5 to 8%. Saison is the name given to pale ales brewed in Wallonia, the French-speaking region of Belgium. ...

Although saison has been described as an endangered beer, there has been a rise in interest in this pale ale in recent years, with Saison Dupont being named “the Best Beer in the World” by the magazine Men’s Journal in July 2005. Mens Journal Mens Journal is an American magazine founded in 1992 that caters to 25 to 49 year-old men. ...

India Pale Ale

Main article: India Pale Ale

India Pale Ale was a British October pale ale beer bought for export to India. This beer made prominent use of hops, which helped to preserve the beer on the long voyage. This article or section does not cite any references or sources. ... Hop umbel (branched floral structure resembling nested-inverted umbrellas) in a Hallertau hop yard Hops are a flower used primarily as a flavouring and stability agent in beer, as well as in herbal medicine. ...

American Pale Ale

Main article: American Pale Ale

In the USA, the Association of Brewers has defined an American-style pale ale as ranging in colour from deep golden to copper, with a bitterness, flavour, and aroma dominated by hops. Pale ales have medium body, and low-to-medium maltiness.^[1] Pale ale is a name given to beers using pale malts which are top fermented. ...

Amber ale

An Amber Ale

Amber ale is the term sometimes used in North America for pale ales which range from light copper to light brown in colour^[2]. A small amount of crystal^[3] or other coloured malt^[4] may be added to the basic pale ale base to produce a slightly darker colour, as in some Irish and British pale ales ^[5]. In France the term used is Ambrée, and the hop bitterness is modest. In North America, American-variety hops are used in varying degrees of bitterness^[6], though few examples are particularly hoppy. Image File history File links Size of this preview: 406 × 599 pixelsFull resolution (542 × 800 pixel, file size: 59 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) A glass of Saint Arnold Amber Ale at a pub. ... Image File history File links Size of this preview: 406 × 599 pixelsFull resolution (542 × 800 pixel, file size: 59 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) A glass of Saint Arnold Amber Ale at a pub. ... Hop umbel (branched floral structure resembling nested-inverted umbrellas) in a Hallertau hop yard Hops are a flower used primarily as a flavouring and stability agent in beer, as well as in herbal medicine. ...

The term is not used much outside France and North America, apart from North American-style brewpubs^[7].

Commercial examples include: Rogue American Amber, Full Sail Amber Ale, Anderson Valley's Boont Amber Ale^[8], Pelforth Ambrée and Fischer Amber^[9]. Rogue Ales, founded in 1988, is a microbrewery in Newport, Oregon. ... Full Sail Brewing Company is an employee-owned brewery in Hood River, Oregon. ... Pelforth is a brand of French beer, part of the Heineken group. ...

Strong pale ales

Strong Pale Ale

Strong Pale Ale is a strong version of pale ale. The alcohol strength typically starts around 7 or 8% by volume and generally go up to 12%, though brewers have been pushing the alcohol strength higher. In 1994 the Hair of the Dog Brewing Company produced a Strong Pale Ale with an ABV of 29%. ^[10] Hair of the Dog Brewing Company is an American microbrewery based in Portland, Oregon. ... Alcohol by volume (ABV) is an indication of how much alcohol (expressed as a percentage) is included in an alcoholic beverage. ...

American Strong Ale

American strong ale is a broad category used in America to describe ales of 7.0% ABV or higher. Beers in this category may also be classified as double India Pale Ales, barley wines, or old ale depending on the style. A pint of ale Ale is a beer style brewed from barley malt with a top fermenting brewers yeast that ferments quickly, giving a sweet, full body and a fruity, and sometimes a butter-like, taste. ... Alcohol by volume (ABV) is an indication of how much alcohol (expressed as a percentage) is included in an alcoholic beverage. ... This article or section does not cite any references or sources. ... Barley wine or Barleywine is a style of strong ale originating in England in the nineteenth century (derived from the March or October beers of the 18th century) but now brewed worldwide. ... A primarily English style of ale, Old ales are rich, have a tendency to be sweet are usually dark, and usually possess a fairly strong flavour. ...

Scotch ale

Scotch Ale is the name given to a strong pale ale believed to have originated in Edinburgh in the 19th century^[11]. Beers using the designation Scotch Ale are popular in Belgium and the USA where most examples are brewed locally. Examples of Scotch Ale brewed in Scotland are exported to the USA, though may be available in Scotland under a different name. For example, Caledonian's Edinburgh Scotch Ale is sold from the cask in Scotland as Edinburgh Strong Ale or as Edinburgh Tattoo^[12]. , Edinburgh (() pronounced ; Scottish Gaelic: ) is the capital of Scotland and its second largest city. ... Caledonian Brewery Caledonian Brewery is a British brewery founded in 1869 in the Slateford area of Edinburgh, Scotland. ...

Strong Scotch Ale is also known as Wee Heavy. Examples of beers brewed in the USA under the name Wee Heavy tend to be 7% ABV and higher, while Scottish brewed examples, such as Belhaven's Wee Heavy, are typically between 5.5% and 6.5% ABV. As with other examples of strong pale ales, such as Barley Wine, these beers tend toward sweetness and a full body, with a low hop flavour. Examples from the Caledonian brewery would have toffee notes from the caramelising of the malt from the direct fired copper. This caramelising of Caledonian's beers is popular in America and has led many American brewers to produce toffee sweet beers which they would label as a Scotch Ale. Categories: Possible copyright violations ... Barley wine or Barleywine is a style of strong ale originating in England in the nineteenth century (derived from the March or October beers of the 18th century) but now brewed worldwide. ...

Even though the malt used by brewers in Scotland is not dried by peat burning, the Scottish whisky distilleries use low nitrogen barley dried by peat burning. The distinctive flavour of these smoked malts when used in beers is reminiscent of whisky, and such beers are popular in France, Belgium and America. These beers are often named Whiskey Ale or Scotch Ale by the brewers^[13]. The most popular French example is Fischer's Adelscott, while the most popular American example is Samuel Adams Scotch Ale. The brewer Douglas Ross of the Bridge of Allan brewery has recently made the first Scottish example of one of these Whiskey Ales for the Tullibardine Distillery. Samuel Adams is the brand name of American beers produced by the Boston Beer Company (NYSE: SAM) and named after Samuel Adams, a brewer[1] and patriot. ...

A scotch in Brussels would mean one of these strong Scottish beers, rather than a whisky, traditionally served in a thistle-shaped glass. Scotch is an obsolescent adjective meaning of Scotland. Common contemporary usage is Scottish or Scots in Britain but Scotch is still in contemporary use outside of England and Scotland. ... Nickname: Map showing the location of Brussels in Belgium Coordinates: , Country Belgium Region Brussels-Capital Region Founded 979 Founded (Region) June 18, 1989 Government  - Mayor (Municipality) Freddy Thielemans Area  - Region 162 km²  (62. ... Milk thistle flowerhead Thistledown a method of seed dispersal by wind. ...

Examples of pale ales

• Bass Pale Ale typifies the UK pale ale style.
• Worthington White Shield is a traditional India Pale Ale, also originating in Burton-upon-Trent.
• Sierra Nevada Pale Ale exemplifies the American Pale Ale style, making extensive use of Cascade hops.
• Orval typifies the Belgian pale ale style, and is fermented with some Brettanomyces in addition to Saccharomyces yeast.

Bass is the name of a former brewery and the brand name for several English beers originally but no longer brewed in Burton upon Trent. ... The Sierra Nevada Brewing Company was established in 1979 (first beer sold in February 1981) by homebrewers Ken Grossman and Paul Camusi. ... Orval Brewery (Brasserie dOrval) is a Belgian trappist brewery located within the walls of the Abbaye Notre-Dame dOrval monastery in the Gaume region of Belgium. ... [[|Diversity]] Binomial name Trinomial name Type Species Species [[Image: ]] Synonyms Brettanomyces is a single-celled fungus that is important in brewing and winemaking as it is resistant to alcohol so can grow even after fermentation starts. ... Species Saccharomyces bayanus Saccharomyces boulardii Saccharomyces bulderi Saccharomyces cariocanus Saccharomyces cariocus Saccharomyces cerevisiae Saccharomyces chevalieri Saccharomyces dairenensis Saccharomyces ellipsoideus Saccharomyces martiniae Saccharomyces monacensis Saccharomyces norbensis Saccharomyces paradoxus Saccharomyces pastorianus Saccharomyces spencerorum Saccharomyces turicensis Saccharomyces unisporus Saccharomyces uvarum Saccharomyces zonatus Saccharomyces is a genus in the kingdom of fungi that includes...

See also

• Beer style

Michael Jacksons Guide Beer style is a term used to differentiate and categorise beers by various factors such as colour, strength, ingredients, production method or origin. ...

References

1. ^ http://www.beertown.org/
2. ^ http://www.beerhunter.com/documents/19133-001393.html Michael Jackson, Oct, 2001: "The designation Amber Ale is to be taken seriously".
3. ^ http://www.frenchandjupps.co.uk/products/crystalmalt.html
4. ^ http://www.2basnob.com/specialty-grains.html
5. ^ http://www.beertown.org/events/acbw/amber.html Beertown, 2007: "The typical example presents more mouth-filling body and tongue-pleasing malt flavor than the typical English and American pale ales. Amber ales may also offer a more floral, hop accented take on Irish Red Ale."
6. ^ http://www.bjcp.org/styles04/Category10.html#style10B
7. ^ http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brewpub
8. ^ http://www.avbc.com/beers/amber.html
9. ^ http://www.brasseriefischer.com/brasserie-fischer.htm
10. ^ http://www.ratebeer.com/beer/hair-of-the-dog-dave/23897/
11. ^ http://www.allaboutbeer.com/style/scottish.html
12. ^ http://www.ratebeer.com/beer/caledonian-edinburgh-tattoo-strong-ale/2812/
13. ^ http://www.praguepost.com/P03/2005/Art/0505/featu2.php

• Farmhouse Ales: Culture and Craftsmanship in the European Tradition, Phil Markowski, ISBN 0-937381-84-5
• Great Beer Guide: 500 Classic Brews, Michael Jackson, ISBN 0-7513-0813-7
• Dictionary of Beer, Ed: A. Webb, ISBN 1-85249-158-2
• BièredeGarde.com - http://www.BieredeGarde.com

Michael Jackson Michael Jackson is an English writer and the author of several books about beer and whisky. ... Michael Jackson Michael Jackson is an English writer and the author of several books about beer and whisky. ...

External links

• CAMRA description of Pale Ale