Palmyrenean is an ancient Semitic language that was spoken in the city of Palmyra. Zenobia spoke this Aramaic dialect in her time, which was written with an alphabet. Semitic is a linguistic term referring to a subdivision of largely Middle Eastern Afro-Asiatic languages, cultures, and ethnicities. ... Palmyra was the name of an ancient city in Syria, now called Tadmor. ... Zenobia coin reporting her title, Augusta. ... Aramaic is a Semitic language with a four-thousand year history. ... A dialect (from the Greek word διάλεκτος, dialektos) is a variety of a language used by people from a particular geographic area. ... An alphabet is a complete standardized set of letters — basic written symbols — each of which roughly represents a phoneme of a spoken language, either as it exists now or as it may have been in the past. ...

The development of cursive versions of Aramaic led to the creation of the Palmyrenean alphabets.