Panama (Spanish: Panamá) is the southernmost country of Central America. It constitutes the last part of a natural land bridge between the North American and South American continents. It borders Costa Rica to the west and Colombia to the east. This article is about the international language known as Spanish. ... Central America is the region of North America located between the southern border of Mexico and the northwest border of Colombia, in South America. ... World map showing location of North America A satellite composite image of North America North America is the third largest continent in area and in population after Eurasia and Africa. ... South America South America is a continent crossed by the equator, with most of its area in the Southern Hemisphere. ... Dymaxion map by Buckminster Fuller shows land mass with minimal distortion as only one continuous continent A continent (Latin continere, to hold together) is a large continuous mass of land on the planet Earth. ... The Republic of Costa Rica is a republic in Central America, bordered by Nicaragua to the north and Panama to the south-southeast. ... The Republic of Colombia is a country in north-western South America. ...

(In Detail) (Full size)
National motto: n/a
Official language	Spanish
Capital	Panama City
President	Martín Torrijos
Area  - Total  - % water	Ranked 115th 78,200 km² 2.9%
Population  - Total  - Density	Ranked 131st 3,000,463 (July 2004 est.) 37/km²
Independence  - Declared	From Colombia November 3, 1903
Currency	Balboa
Time zone	UTC -5
National anthem	Himno Istmeño
Internet TLD	.pa
Calling Code	507

Large flag of Panama Image originally derived from the public domain flags of the CIA World Factbook. ... Escudo Nacional Panama This image depicts a seal, an emblem, a coat of arms or a crest. ... Flag ratio: 2:3 The flag of Panama was adopted on December 20, 1903 and provisionally approved in 1904 by the Constituent Assembly. ... Here is a list of state mottos for countries and their subdivisions around the world. ... Wikipedia does not have an article with this exact name. ... An official language is something that is given a unique status in the countries, states, and other territories. ... This article is about the international language known as Spanish. ... In politics a capital (also called capital city or political capital — although the latter phrase has an alternative meaning based on an alternative meaning of capital) is the principal city or town associated with its government. ... This is about the capital of Panama. ... This page lists presidents of Panama since 1903. ... Pres. ... This article explains the meaning of area as a physical quantity. ... Here is a list of the countries of the world sorted by area. ... Square kilometre (US spelling: Square kilometer), symbol km², is an SI unit of surface area. ... In the most common sense of the word, a population is the collection of people—or organisms of a particular species—living in a given geographic area. ... Population density can be used as a measurement of any tangible item. ... This is a list of sovereign states and other territories by population. ... Independence is autonomous self-government of a country by its residents and indigenous population. ... The Republic of Colombia is a country in north-western South America. ... November 3 is the 307th day of the year (308th in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar, with 58 days remaining. ... Named in honor of Spanish explorer/conquistador Vasco Núñez de Balboa, the balboa is the official currency of Panama. ... -1... UTC also stands for the University of Tennessee at Chattanooga Coordinated Universal Time or UTC, also sometimes referred to as Zulu time, is an atomic realization of Universal Time or Greenwich mean time, the astronomical basis for civil time. ... The National Anthem is the name of a song by the band Radiohead. ... Himno Istmeño (Spanish: Isthmus Anthem) is the national anthem of Panama. ... A top-level domain (TLD) is the last part of which Internet domain names consist of. ... .pa is the Internet country code top-level domain ( ccTLD) for Panama. ...

History

Main article: History of Panama History of Panama Pre-Columbian ceramic figure from Talamancan, Panama Panama had a rich Pre-Colombian heritage of native populations whose presence stretched back over 12,000 years. ...

Panama was part of Spain's colonies in the Americas until 1821 when it seceded and joined the Nueva Granada of Simón Bolívar. It can be argued that to a large extent, Panama's history has been a slave to its geography. This was true in its early history as well as in its more recent history. This article refers to a colony in politics and history. ... Events February 23 - The Philadelphia College of Apothecaries founds the first pharmacy college. ... Map showing Gran Colombia The Republic of Gran Colombia, or Greater Colombia, was a short-lived republic in South America consisting of present-day Colombia , Venezuela, Ecuador, and Panama. ... Simón José Antonio de la Santísima Trinidad Bolívar y Palacios ( July 24, 1783 – December 17, 1830) was a South American revolutionary leader. ...

Indeed much of Panama's domestic politics and international diplomacy in the 20th century were tied to the Panama Canal. At the turn of the 20th century, Theodore Roosevelt's vision of an interoceanic seaway encouraged United States diplomatic efforts to facilitate a deal that would allow it to take over French canal operations started by Ferdinand de Lesseps. In November 1903, United States naval maneuverings helped the Panamanian rebels secede from Colombia in an almost bloodless revolution. In Panama City, on November 3, the rebels, headed by Manuel Amador Guerrero, declared Panama an independent Republic. Just over two weeks later, representatives of the fledgling republic signed the Hay-Bunau Varilla Treaty by which Panama granted rights to the United States to build and administer the Panama Canal. This treaty was a contentious diplomatic issue between the United States and Panama until the signing of the Torrijos-Carter Treaty in 1977. Panama Canal The Panama Canal is a large canal, 51 miles (82 kilometers) long, that cuts through the isthmus of Panama, connecting the Atlantic and Pacific oceans. ... Theodore Roosevelt ( October 27, 1858 – January 6, 1919) was the twenty-fifth ( 1901) Vice President and the twenty-sixth ( 1901- 1909) President of the United States, succeeding to the office upon the assassination of William McKinley. ... Ferdinand de Lesseps Ferdinand de Lesseps (November 19, 1805–December 7, 1894) was a French diplomatist and maker of the Suez Canal; he was born at Versailles. ... November is the eleventh month of the year in the Gregorian Calendar and one of four Gregorian months with the length of 30 days. ... The Republic of Colombia is a country in north-western South America. ... November 3 is the 307th day of the year (308th in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar, with 58 days remaining. ... Manuel Amador Guerrero (b. ... Map of Panama, with Panama canal On November 18, 1903, the United States and the newly independent (since November 3) nation of Panama signed the Hay-Bunau Varilla Treaty. ... For the album by Ash, see 1977 (album). ...

The Panamanian government went through periods of political instability and corruption and at various times in its history, the mandate of an elected president terminated prematurely. In 1968, Gen. Omar Torrijos took over the reigns of government and was the virtual strongman of Panama until his death in an airplane accident in 1981. After Torrijos's death, power eventually became concentrated in the hands of Gen. Manuel Noriega. Relations with the United States government soured by the end of the 1980s. In December 1989, the United States invaded Panama. The death of a U.S. soldier in Panama at a Panamanian Defense Forces roadblock was one of the reasons given by George Bush for the invasion, dubbed Operation Just Cause. However, according to the Panamanian government at the time, the officer's vehicle attempted to drive through the roadblock which was located near a sensitive military location. For further discussion of the reasons for the invasion given by the United States and countervailing interpretations, see the article Operation Just Cause. The invasion occurred just days before the Panama Canal administration was to be turned over to Panamanian control, according to the timetable set up by the Torrijos-Carter Treaties. After the invasion, Noriega sought asylum in the Vatican diplomatic mission, but after a few days turned himself in to the American military. Noriega was immediately taken to Florida where he was formally charged and arrested by United States federal authorities. Charges of corruption and cronyism are still levelled against the government by opposition parties and press. Omar Torrijos Omar Torrijos Herrera (February 13, 1929 - August 1, 1981) was a Panamanian army officer and military ruler of Panama from 1968 to 1981. ... Manuel Noriega Date of birth February 11, 1938 Place of birth Panama City, Panama Occupation Career soldier Education Military School de Chorrilos Lima, Peru School of the Americas Panama Remarks Allegedly a participant in the military coup détat to overthrow Arnulfo Arias. ... U.S. Army Rangers prepare to take La Comandancia in Panama during Operation Just Cause, December 1989. ... U.S. Army Rangers prepare to take La Comandancia in Panama during Operation Just Cause, December 1989. ...

Under the Torrijos-Carter Treaty, on December 31, 1999, the United States returned all canal-related lands to Panama. Panama also gained control of canal-related buildings and infrastructure as well as full administration of the canal. December 31 is the 365th day of the year (366th in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar. ...

Politics

Main article: Politics of Panama Panama is a representative democracy with three branches of government: executive and legislative branches elected by direct vote for 5-year terms, and an independently appointed judiciary. ...

Panama is a republic with three branches of government: executive and legislative branches elected by direct vote for 5-year terms, and an independently appointed judiciary. The executive branch includes a president and two vice presidents. The legislative branch consists of a 72-member unicameral Legislative Assembly. The judicial branch is organized under a nine-member Supreme Court and includes all tribunals and municipal courts. An autonomous Electoral Tribunal supervises voter registration, the election process, and the activities of political parties. Everyone over the age of 18 is required to vote, although those who fail to do so are not penalized. The Legislative Assembly (Spanish: Asamblea Legislativa) is the legislative branch of the government of the Republic of Panama. ...

General elections were held on May 2, 2004; the presidential contest was won by Martín Torrijos, son of the former strongman Omar Torrijos. Torrijos assumed the presidency on September 1, 2004. The former president had been Mireya Moscoso. May 2 is the 122nd day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (123rd in leap years). ... Pres. ... Omar Torrijos Omar Torrijos Herrera (February 13, 1929 - August 1, 1981) was a Panamanian army officer and military ruler of Panama from 1968 to 1981. ... September 1 is the 244th day of the year (245th in leap years). ... Mireya Moscoso Mireya Elisa Moscoso Rodríguez de Arias (born July 1, 1946) was the President of Panama from 1999 to 2004, representing the Arnulfista Party. ...

Provinces

Main article: Provinces of Panama Panama is divided into 9 provinces (provincias) and 5 indigenous territories (comarcas), marked by a * (capitals in parentheses): Categories: Lists of subnational entities | Political divisions of Panama ...

Panama is divided into 9 provinces (provincias) and 5 indigenous territories (comarcas indígenas), marked by a *:

Bocas del Toro is a province in Panama. ... Chiriquí is a province of Panama. ... Coclé is a province of central Panama on the nations southern coast. ... Col n is a province of Panama. ... Darién is a province in eastern Panama. ... Emberá is an indigenous territory (a. ... Herrera is a province in Panamá. It was created in 1930 from Los Santos province. ... Kuna de Madugandi is a comarca in Panamá. It was created in 1996 from the province of Panamá. It has no districts nor a capital. ... Kuna de Wargandí is a comarca (indigenous territory) in Panamá. It was created in 2000 from the province of Darién. ... Kuna Yala is an autonomous territory or comarca in Panama, inhabited by the Kuna indigenous people. ... Los Santos is a province of Panama. ... Ngöble-Buglé is a comarca (roughly, county) in Panamá. It was formed in 1997 with lands from the provinces of Bocas del Toro, Chiriquí, and Veraguas. ... Panamá is a province in Panamá. The capital is the city of Panamá. The province is divided in 11 districts. ... This article needs cleanup. ...

Geography

Map of Panama - Click to enlarge - province names are in red, comarca names in green

Main article: Geography of Panama Download high resolution version (986x520, 502 KB)png version of map with slight chage of text colour and a few fixes File links The following pages link to this file: Panama Talk:Panama ... Download high resolution version (986x520, 502 KB)png version of map with slight chage of text colour and a few fixes File links The following pages link to this file: Panama Talk:Panama ... Panama is located in Middle America, bordering both the Caribbean Sea and the North Pacific Ocean, between Colombia and Costa Rica. ...

Panama is located in Central America, bordering both the Caribbean Sea and the North Pacific Ocean, between Colombia and Costa Rica. Its location on the eastern end of the isthmus forming a landbridge connecting Central and South America is strategic. By 1999, Panama controlled the Panama Canal that links the North Atlantic Ocean via the Caribbean Sea with the North Pacific Ocean. Central America is the region of North America located between the southern border of Mexico and the northwest border of Colombia, in South America. ... Central America and the Caribbean The Caribbean Sea is a body of water adjacent to the Atlantic Ocean, south of the Gulf of Mexico. ... The Pacific Ocean (from the Latin name Mare Pacificum, peaceful sea, bestowed upon it by the Portuguese explorer Ferdinand Magellan) is the worlds largest body of water. ... The Republic of Colombia is a country in north-western South America. ... The Republic of Costa Rica is a republic in Central America, bordered by Nicaragua to the north and Panama to the south-southeast. ... Simplified diagram An isthmus is a narrow strip of land, bordered on two sides by water, and connects two larger land masses. ... Land bridge is essentially a historical term; it refers to dry land exposed during periods of low sea level (see regression), connecting what are now separate continents or islands. ... Central America is the region of North America located between the southern border of Mexico and the northwest border of Colombia, in South America. ... South America South America is a continent crossed by the equator, with most of its area in the Southern Hemisphere. ... Panama Canal The Panama Canal is a large canal, 51 miles (82 kilometers) long, that cuts through the isthmus of Panama, connecting the Atlantic and Pacific oceans. ... The Atlantic Ocean is Earths second-largest ocean, covering approximately one-fifth of its surface. ...

Economy

Main article: Economy of Panama Economy - overview: Because of its key geographic location, Panamas economy is service-based, heavily weighted toward banking, commerce, and tourism. ...

Because of its key geographic location, Panama's economy is service-based, heavily weighted toward banking, commerce, and tourism. The handover of the canal and military installations by the US has given rise to new construction projects. The Moscoso administration inherited an economy that is much more structurally sound and liberalized than the one inherited by its predecessor. Mireya Moscoso Mireya Elisa Moscoso Rodríguez de Arias (born July 1, 1946) was the President of Panama from 1999 to 2004, representing the Arnulfista Party. ...

Demographics

Main article: Demographics of Panama The culture, customs, and language of the Panamanians are predominantly Caribbean Spanish. ...

The culture, customs, and language of the Panamanians are predominantly Caribbean Spanish. Ethnically, the majority of the population is mestizo or mixed Spanish, Indian, Chinese, and West Indian. Spanish is the official and dominant language; English is a common second language spoken by the West Indians and by many in business and the professions. More than half the population lives in the Panama City–Colón metropolitan corridor. Mestizo (Brazil Portuguese. ... This is about the capital of Panama. ... Colón is a sea port city on the Caribbean Sea coast of Panama. ...

The majority of Panamanians are Roman Catholic, accounting for over 80% of the population. Catholicism is also the official religion of Panama. Evangelical Christians are now estimated to be around 10% of the population. Other major religions in Panama are Islam (5%), the Bahá'í Faith (1%), Judaism (0.4%), and Hinduism (0.3%). The Jewish community, with over 10,000 members, is by far the biggest community in the region (including Central America, Colombia and the Caribbean). Jewish immigration began in the late 19th Century, and at present there are three synagogues in Panama City, as well as two Jewish schools. Within Latin America, Panama has one of the largest Jewish communities in proportion to its population, surpassed by Uruguay and Argentina. The Roman Catholic Church, most often spoken of simply as the Catholic Church, is the largest Christian church, with over one billion members. ... The Pentecostal movement within Protestant Christianity places special emphasis on the gifts of the Holy Spirit. ... Islam ( Arabic al-islām الإسلام,  listen?) the submission to God is a monotheistic faith and the worlds second-largest religion. ... Known in India as the Lotus Temple, the Bahai House of Worship attracts an average of three and a half million visitors a year. ... For a discussion of Jews as an ethnicity or ethnic group see the article on Jew. ... This article is about the Hindu religion; for other meanings of the word, see Hindu (disambiguation). ...

Panama, because of its historical reliance on commerce, is above all a melting pot. This is shown, for instance, by its considerable population of Chinese (mostly Taiwanese) origin, which number around 150,000, or about 5% of the population.

The country is also the smallest in Latin America in terms of population, with Uruguay as the second-smallest (by almost 400,000). However, since Panama has a faster birth rate, it is likely that in the coming years its population will surpass Uruguay's.

Culture

Main article: Culture of Panama

• Music of Panama

Panama is a Central American country, inhabited mostly by mestizos (persons of mixed African, European and indigenous ancestry), with a small minority of Africans. ...

See also

• Communications in Panama
• Transportation in Panama
• Military of Panama
• Foreign relations of Panama
• List of Panamanians
• Public holidays in Panama
• List of hospitals in Panama
• Balboa (currency)

Telephones - main lines in use: 325,300 (1998) Telephone subscribers - mobile cellular: 242,000 (1999) [1] Telephone system: domestic and international facilities well developed domestic: NA international: 1 coaxial submarine cable; satellite earth stations - 2 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean); connected to the Central American Microwave System Radio broadcast stations: AM 101... Railways: total: 355 km broad gauge: 76 km 1. ... The Panamanian Government has converted the former Panama Defense Forces (PDF) into a civilian public force, subordinate to civilian officials and composed of four independent units: the Panamanian National Police, the National Maritime Service (Coast Guard), the National Air Service, and the Institutional Protective Service (VIP Security). ... Panama is a member of the UN General Assembly and most major UN agencies and has served three terms as a member of the UN Security Council. ... This is a list of Panamanians that are famous or notable. ... January 1st, New Years Day January 9, Martrys Day Carnivals Monday. ... Here is a list of hospitals in Panama. ... Named in honor of Spanish explorer/conquistador Vasco Núñez de Balboa, the balboa is the official currency of Panama. ...

External links

• Presidencia de la República (http://www.presidencia.gob.pa/)-(In Spanish)
• Panama Banknotes (http://numismondo.com/pm/pan/) - 1941 Issues
• Panama Pictures (http://www.info-panama.com/panama-gallery/index.php?lang=english)

This is an alphabetical list of the sovereign states of the world, including both de jure and de facto independent states. ... World map showing location of North America A satellite composite image of North America North America is the third largest continent in area and in population after Eurasia and Africa. ... National motto: Each Endeavouring, All Achieving Official language English Capital  - Population: Saint Johns 24,226 (2000) Head of State Elizabeth II, Queen represented by Sir James Carlisle, Governor General Head of Government Baldwin Spencer, Prime Minister Area  - Total:  - % water: Ranked 180th 442 km² Negligible Population  - Total:  - Density Ranked 185th... National motto    Forward Upward Onward Together Location of Bahamas Official language English Capital Nassau Queen Elizabeth II Governor General Dame Ivy Dumont Prime Minister Perry Christie Area  - Total  - % water Ranked 155th 13,940 km² 28% Population  - Total  - Density Ranked 168th 303,611 22/km² Independence  - Date From the United Kingdom... Barbados is an island nation located towards the east of the Caribbean Sea and the west of the Atlantic Ocean, part of the eastern islands of the Lesser Antilles, with the nations of Saint Lucia and Saint Vincent and the Grenadines being its closest neighbors. ... Belize is a small nation on the eastern coast of Central America, on the Caribbean Sea bordering Mexico to the northwest and Guatemala to the west and south. ... Canada is a sovereign state in northern North America, the northern-most country in the world, and the second largest in total area. ... The Republic of Costa Rica is a republic in Central America, bordered by Nicaragua to the north and Panama to the south-southeast. ... The Republic of Cuba is an archipelago in the northern Caribbean that lies at the confluence of the Caribbean Sea, the Gulf of Mexico and the Atlantic Ocean. ... The Commonwealth of Dominica is an island nation and borderless country in the Caribbean. ... The Dominican Republic is a Spanish-speaking representative democracy located on the eastern portion of the Caribbean island of Hispaniola, bordering Haiti. ... El Salvador (Spanish for The Savior) is a republic in Central America with a population of approximately 6. ... Grenada is an island nation in the southeastern Caribbean Sea including the southern Grenadines. ... The Republic of Guatemala is a country in Central America, in the south of the continent of North America, bordering both the Pacific Ocean and the Caribbean Sea. ... Haiti is a country situated on the western third of the island of Hispaniola and the smaller islands of La Gonâve, La Tortue (Tortuga), Grande Caye, and Ile a Vache in the Caribbean Sea, east of Cuba; the Dominican Republic shares Hispaniola with Haiti. ... Honduras is a country in northern Central America, bordered to the west by Guatemala, to the south west El Salvador, to the south east by Nicaragua, to the south by the Pacific Ocean and to the north by the Gulf of Honduras and the Caribbean Sea. ... Jamaica is a country in the Caribbean Sea, located south of Cuba and to the west of Hispaniola, on which Haiti and the Dominican Republic are situated. ... The United Mexican States or Mexico (Spanish: Estados Unidos Mexicanos or México; regarding the use of the variant spelling Méjico, see section The name below) is a country located in North America, bordered to the north by the United States of America, to the southeast by Guatemala and Belize, to... Nicaragua is a republic in Central America. ... Saint Kitts and Nevis is an island nation in the Caribbean. ... This article is about the country in the Caribbean; for the Catholic saint, see Saint Lucy Saint Lucia is an island nation in the eastern Caribbean Sea on the boundary with the Atlantic Ocean. ... Saint Vincent and the Grenadines is an independent sovereign state of the Caribbean, part of the Commonwealth of Nations. ... For other uses of the word Trinidad, see Trinidad (disambiguation) The Republic of Trinidad and Tobago is a nation located in the southern Caribbean Sea, off the coast of Venezuela. ... National motto: Each Endeavouring, All Achieving Official language English Political status Non-sovereign, Overseas territory of the U.K Capital The Valley Governor Alan Huckle Chief Minister Osbourne Fleming Area  - Total  - % water Ranked n/a 91 km² Negligible Population  - Total (2002)  - Density 12,800 140/km² Currency East Caribbean dollar... Aruba is an island in the Caribbean Sea, just a short distance north of the Venezuelan Paraguaná Peninsula, and it forms a part of the Kingdom of the Netherlands. ... Bermuda is an internally self-governing island Overseas Territory of the United Kingdom, situated in the Atlantic Ocean. ... National motto: He hath founded it upon the seas Official language English Capital George Town Capitals coordinates 19. ... Greenland (Greenlandic: Kalaallit Nunaat, The Land of the Greenlanders (Kalaallit); Danish: Grønland) is a self-governed Danish territory and an Arctic island nation located in North America with shores on the North Atlantic Ocean and the Arctic Ocean. ... Guadeloupe,Island of beautiful water,is in the Caribbean Sea, is an archipelago with a total area of 1,704 km² located in the Eastern Caribbean. ... Martinique is an overseas département (département doutre-mer, or DOM) of France, located in the Caribbean Sea. ... National motto: Montserrat Nice Official language English Political status Non-sovereign, Overseas territory of the U.K Capital Plymouth (now uninhabited) Governor Deborah Barnes Jones Chief Minister John Osborne Area   - Total   - % water Ranked n/a 91 km² Negligible Population   - Total (2003)   - Density Ranked n/a   - 9,000   - 102/km² Currency... Navassa Island Navassa Island is a small, uninhabited island in the Caribbean Sea. ... The Netherlands Antilles (Dutch: Nederlandse Antillen), previously known as the Netherlands West Indies, are part of the Lesser Antilles and consist of two groups of islands in the Caribbean Sea that form an autonomous part of the Kingdom of the Netherlands (none of the other Antilles use this term in... This article is about Puerto Rico, the territory of the United States. ... Saint-Pierre and Miquelon ( French Saint-Pierre et Miquelon) is a French overseas collectivity consisting of several small islands off the eastern coast of Canada near Newfoundland. ... The Turks and Caicos Islands is an overseas territory of the United Kingdom consisting of two groups of tropical islands in the Caribbean, southeast of the Bahamas, at 21°45N, 71°35W. The thirty islands total 166 sq. ... The Virgin Islands of the United States is a group of islands in the Caribbean that is a dependency of the United States. ... The British Virgin Islands are a group of over 50 islands and Cays located in the northeast Caribbean. ...

This is an alphabetical list of the sovereign states of the world, including both de jure and de facto independent states. ... South America South America is a continent crossed by the equator, with most of its area in the Southern Hemisphere. ... Argentina is a country in southern South America, situated between the Andes in the west and the southern Atlantic Ocean in the east. ... The Republic of Bolivia is a landlocked country in central South America. ... The Federative Republic of Brazil (República Federativa do Brasil in Portuguese) is the largest and most populous country in South America, and fifth largest in the world. ... The Republic of Chile is a country in South America occupying a long coastal strip between the Andes mountains and the Pacific Ocean. ... The Republic of Colombia is a country in north-western South America. ... The Republic of Ecuador is a country in northwestern South America, bounded by Colombia on the north, by Peru on the east and south, and by the Pacific Ocean on the west. ... The Co-operative Republic of Guyana is a nation along the northern coastline of South America. ... The Republic of Paraguay is a landlocked republic in South America. ... The Republic of Peru (Spanish: Perú; Quechua, Aymara: Piruw) is a country in western South America, bordering with Ecuador and Colombia to the north, Brazil to the east, Bolivia to the east, south-east and south, Chile to the south, and the Pacific Ocean to the west. ... -1... For other uses of the word Trinidad, see Trinidad (disambiguation) The Republic of Trinidad and Tobago is a nation located in the southern Caribbean Sea, off the coast of Venezuela. ... The Republic Eastern of the Uruguay (Spanish: República Oriental del Uruguay), is a Spanish speaking country located in southern South America. ... The Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela (Spanish: República Bolivariana de Venezuela)1 is a country in northern South America. ... The Falkland Islands are an archipelago in the South Atlantic consisting of two main islands, East Falkland and West Falkland, and a number of smaller islands. ... French Guiana (French: Guyane) is an overseas département (département doutre-mer, or DOM) of France, located on the Caribbean coast of South America. ...