NationMaster - Encyclopedia: Pangasinan province

Pangasinan is a province of the Philippines located on the west coast of the island of Luzon off Lingayen Gulf. Its capital is Lingayen and borders La Union and Benguet to the north, Nueva Vizcaya and Nueva Ecija to the east, and Zambales and Tarlac to the south. To the west of Pangasinan is the South China Sea and the province encloses the Lingayen Gulf. Map of the Philippines showing the regions and provinces (click for larger version). ... Map of the Philippines showing the island groups of Luzon, Visayas, and Mindanao. ... The Lingayen Gulf is an extension of the South China Sea on Luzon in the Philippines. ... Lingayen is a 1st class municipality in the province of Pangasinan, Philippines. ... La Union is a province of the Philippines located in the Ilocos Region in Luzon. ... Benguet is a landlocked province of the Philippines in the Cordillera Administrative Region in Luzon. ... Nueva Vizcaya is a province of the Philippines located in the Cagayan Valley region in Luzon. ... Nueva Ecija is a landlocked province of the Philippines located in the Central Luzon region. ... Zambales is a province of the Philippines located in the Central Luzon region. ... Tarlac is a landlocked province of the Philippines located in the Central Luzon region. ... The South China Sea, showing surrounding countries and neighbouring seas and oceans The South China Sea is a marginal sea, part of the Pacific Ocean, encompassing an area from Singapore to the Strait of Taiwan of around 3,500,000 kmÂ². It is the largest sea body after the five... The Lingayen Gulf is an extension of the South China Sea on Luzon in the Philippines. ...

AREA: The land area of Pangasinan is 3,368.82 sq. km. It is divided into 44 municipalities, 4 cities, 1,364 barangay, and 6 congressional districts. Image File history File links Ph_seal_pangasinan. ... Map of the Philippines showing the island groups of Luzon, Visayas, and Mindanao Map of the Philippines showing all the regions and their provinces A region (Filipino: Rehiyon) is a administrative subdivision in the Philippines. ... The Ilocos Region of the Philippines, designated as Region I is located in the northwestern part of Luzon. ... Lingayen is a 1st class municipality in the province of Pangasinan, Philippines. ... Events January 31 - Battle of Gemblours - Spanish forces under Don John of Austria and Alexander Farnese defeat the Dutch. ... A city (lungsod, sometimes siyudad, in Filipino or Tagalog) is a tier of local government in the Philippines. ... A city (lungsod, sometimes siyudad, in Filipino or Tagalog) is a tier of local government in the Philippines. ... A municipality (bayan, sometimes munisipalidad, in Filipino) is a local government unit in the Philippines. ... A barangay also known as barrio (Filipino: baranggay , pronounced as ba-rang-gai, gai as in guy) is the smallest local government unit in the Philippines and is the native Filipino term for a village,barrio, district, ward or town. ... The House of Representatives (Kapulungan ng mga Kinatawan in Filipino) is the lower chamber of the Congress of the Philippines. ... PangasinÃ¡n is a language of the Malayo-Polynesian branch of the Austronesian family of languages spoken by more than two million people in Pangasinan, other Pangasinan communities in the Philippines, and by a significant number of Pangasinan immigrants in the United States; it is the primary language in Pangasinan... Ilokano (variants: Ilocano, Iluko, Iloco, and Iloko) is the third most-spoken language of the Republic of the Philippines Being an Austronesian language, it is related to such languages as Indonesian, Malay, Fijian, Maori (of New Zealand), Hawaiian, Malagasy (of Madagascar), Samoan, Tahitian, Chamorro (of Guam and the Northern Mariana... Image File history File links Ph_locator_map_pangasinan. ...

POPULATION: The population of Pangasinan is 2,434,086 (National Statistics Office, 2000 Census). Pangasinan is the most populated province in the Philippines. The estimated population of the indigenous speakers of the Pangasinan language is 55 percent of the total population of the province of Pangasinan.

Pangasinan is 170 km. north of Manila, 50 km. southwest of Baguio City and 115 km. north of Subic Bay Freeport. Manila (Tagalog: Maynila) is the capital of the Philippines. ... Baguio City is a 1st class highly urbanized city in northern Luzon in the Philippines. ...

Pangasinan is famous for the Hundred Islands National Park. This is a marine park located off the coast of Alaminos City in the Lingayen Gulf and is composed of some 123 islands, most of which are quite small and uninhabited. Lingayen Beach, Bonuan Blue Beach, and San Fabian White Beach are also popular tourist attractions. Many Christians make a pilgrimage to the shrines of Manaoag and Calasiao. The Hundred Islands National Park is the foremost tourist destination in the province of Pangasinan in northern Philippines. ... Alaminos City is a 5th class city in the province of Pangasinan, Philippines. ...

Pangasinan is noted as the birthplace of President Fidel V. Ramos and Speaker Jose de Venecia, Jr. It is also the home province of President Gloria Macapagal-Arroyo's mother, and actor Fernando Poe Jr.'s father. Fidel Valdez Ramos (born March 18, 1928) was the 12th President of the Philippines. ... Jose de Venecia Jose C. de Venecia, Jr. ... Gloria Macaraeg Macapagal-Arroyo (born April 5, 1947) is the 14th and current president of the Philippines. ... Fernando Poe, Jr. ...

The Sual Coal-Fired Power Plant, San Roque Multi-Purpose Dam, Coca-Cola Bottlers Philippines and the Northern Cement Corporation are located in Pangasinan. There are plans to make Sual Bay an international seaport, Lingayen a major airport, and the Dagupan City and San Carlos City corridor into another "Silicon Valley." The wave shape (known as the dynamic ribbon device) present on all Coca-Cola cans throughout the world derives from the contour of the original Coca-Cola bottles. ...

Pangasinan occupies a strategic geo-political position in the central plains of Luzon, known as the rice granary of the Philippines. Pangasinan has been described as a gateway to the north of Luzon and as the heartland of the Philippines. A strategy is a long term plan of action designed to achieve a particular goal. ... Geopolitics analyses politics, history and social science with reference to geography. ...

Out of concern for the welfare and progress of Pangasinan, some Pangasinans are demanding full sovereignty or greater autonomy for Pangasinan; some are seeking political recognition for Pangasinan as an autonomous region, to be called Pangasinan Autonomous Region. Sovereignty is the exclusive right to exercise supreme political (legislative, judicial and/or executive) authority over a geographic region, group of people or oneself. ... Autonomy is the condition of something that does not depend on anything else. ... An autonomous region or autonomous district is a subnational region with special powers of self-rule. ...

The state of crisis of the national government in Manila and the slow pace of development of the Philippine economy is also forcing many Pangasinans to emigrate to wealthier countries, like the United States. But, true Pangasinans do not forget their baley, sweet mangoes, inlubi rice cakes, fresh bangus and, of course, the salted bagoong. Manila (Tagalog: Maynila) is the capital of the Philippines. ...

People and culture

The people of Pangasinan are called Pangasinan, Pangasinense or simply taga Pangasinan, which means "from Pangasinan." The population of Pangasinan is 2,434,086 (National Statistics Office, 2000 Census). Pangasinan is the most populated province in the Philippines. The estimated population of the indigenous speakers of the Pangasinan language is 55 percent of the total population of the province of Pangasinan. The rest of the population are mostly indigenous speakers of Ilocano, Bolinao, and Tagalog. Ilocano, also Iloko and Ilokano, refers to the language and culture associated with the Ilocano people, the third largest ethnic group in the Philippines. ... Bolinao is a 2nd class municipality in the province of Pangasinan, Philippines. ... Tagálog is one of the major languages of the Republic of the Philippines. ...

The Pangasinan language is of the Malayo-Polynesian branch of the Austronesian family of languages. It is the primary language of the province of Pangasinan and the dominant language in central Pangasinan. The Pangasinan language is similar to the other Malayo-Polynesian languages of the Philippines, Indonesia, Malaysia and Madagascar. It is closely related to the Nibaloi or Ibaloy language spoken in the neighboring province of Benguet. The Pangasinan language is an agglutinative language. Linguistic studies show some word correspondences between Pangasinan and the ancient Sumerian language, the first known written language. Sumerian, which was spoken in the ancient land of Sumer in southern Mesopotamia, is an agglutinative language like Pangasinan. The Malayo-Polynesian languages are a subgroup of the Austronesian languages. ... The Austronesian languages are a family of languages widely dispersed throughout the islands of Southeast Asia and the Pacific, with a few members spoken on continental Asia. ... The Malayo-Polynesian languages are a subgroup of the Austronesian languages. ... An agglutinative language is a language in which the words are formed by joining morphemes together. ... The Sumerian language of ancient Sumer was spoken in Southern Mesopotamia from at least the 4th millennium BC. Sumerian was replaced by Akkadian as a spoken language around 2000 BC, but continued to be used as a sacred, ceremonial and scientific language in Mesopotamia until about 1 AD. Then, it... The Sumerian language of ancient Sumer was spoken in Southern Mesopotamia from at least the 4th millennium BC. Sumerian was replaced by Akkadian as a spoken language around 2000 BC, but continued to be used as a sacred, ceremonial and scientific language in Mesopotamia until about 1 AD. Then, it... It has been suggested that Edubba be merged into this article or section. ... To meet Wikipedias quality standards, this article or section may require cleanup. ...

The ethnicity of the people of Pangasinan is predominantly Malay or Malayan, like most of the people of the Philippines, Malaysia, Indonesia and Madagascar. The people of Pangasinan are also related to the Polynesians of the Pacific islands, the Formosan of Taiwan, the Cham of central Vietnam and Cambodia, the Malagasy of Madagascar, and probably distantly related to the Ainu of Japan. This article or section should be merged with ethnic group Ethnicity is the cultural characteristics that connect a particular group or groups of people to each other. ... Malay can refer to: The language of Malaysia, Bahasa Melayu The Old Malay language(s), ancestor(s) of modern Tagalog, Bahasa Melayu, and Bahasa Indonesia The Malay people (Huan-na) Something from or related to Malaysia See also Cape Malays Malay nationalism Communes that begin with Malay in Yonne, France... Three-quarter scale bronze sculptures 19th C. Malay people, Indonesia, Borneo. ... Polynesia (from Greek, poly = many and nesi = island) is a large grouping of over 1,000 islands in the central and southern Pacific Ocean. ... The Pacific Ocean has an estimated 20,000 to 30,000 islands; the exact number has not been precisely determined. ... Cham can mean the following: a Jewish variant spelling of Ham a people living in Northern Greece of Albanian descent, also spelled as Ã‡am: see Cham Albanians. ... The Ainu (pronounced , eye-noo, ã‚¢ã‚¤ãƒŒ / aynu) are an ethnic group indigenous to Hokkaido, the northern part of Honshu in Northern Japan, the Kuril Islands, much of Sakhalin, and the southernmost third of the Kamchatka peninsula. ...

The religion of the people of Pangasinan is predominantly Christian, although few are strict believers and continue to practice their indigenous beliefs and rituals, like most of the people of the Philippines. Spanish and American missionaries introduced Christianity to Pangasinan. Prior to the Spanish conquest in 1571, the religion of the people of Pangasinan was similar to the indigenous religion of the highland Igorot or the people of the Cordillera region who mostly retained their indigenous culture and religion. A Christian is a follower of Jesus Christ. ... Christianity is a monotheistic religion centered on the life and teachings of the character of Jesus of Nazareth, known by Christians as Jesus Christ, recounted in the New Testament. ... Igorot (Ä¬gerÅtÂ´, Ä“ge-) , general name for the people of the Cordillera region, in the Philippines island of Luzon. ... The Cordillera is a massive mountain range situated in the northern central part of the Philippines. ...

The culture of Pangasinan is a blend of the indigenous Malayo-Polynesian and western Hispanic and American cultures, with some Indian, Arabic, and Chinese influences. Today, Pangasinan is very much westernized. Arabic can mean: From or related to Arabia From or related to the Arabs The Arabic language; see also Arabic grammar The Arabic alphabet, used for expressing the languages of Arabic, Persian, Malay ( Jawi), Kurdish, Panjabi, Pashto, Sindhi and Urdu, among others. ...

Some prominent people of Pangasinan heritage include President Gloria Macapagal-Arroyo whose mother is from Binalonan, Pangasinan; President Fidel Valdez Ramos, who was born in Lingayen, Pangasinan; Speaker Jose de Venecia, Jr., who was born in Dagupan City, Pangasinan; and the late actor and presidential candidate Fernando Poe, Jr., whose father is from San Carlos City, Pangasinan. Gloria Macaraeg Macapagal-Arroyo (born April 5, 1947) is the 14th and current president of the Philippines. ... PRESIDENT OF THE PHILIPPINES Fidel V. Ramos Fidel Valdez Ramos (born March 18, 1928), military hero of the 1986 People Power Revolution that toppled the dictatorship of Ferdinand Marcos, became the 12th President of the Republic of the Philippines on June 30, 1992. ... Jose de Venecia Jose C. de Venecia, Jr. ... Fernando Poe, Jr. ...

Political

The province of Pangasinan is subdivided into 44 municipalities, 4 cities, 1,364 barangay, which means "village," and 6 congressional districts. A municipality (bayan, sometimes munisipalidad, in Filipino) is a local government unit in the Philippines. ... A city (lungsod, sometimes siyudad, in Filipino or Tagalog) is a tier of local government in the Philippines. ...

Cities

Alaminos City is a 5th class city in the province of Pangasinan, Philippines. ... Urdaneta City is a 3rd class city in the province of Pangasinan, Philippines. ... Dagupan City is a 1st class city in the province of Pangasinan, Philippines. ... San Carlos City is a 2nd class city in the province of Pangasinan, Philippines. ... Image File history File links Saltfarm. ... Image File history File links Saltfarm. ... REPUBLIC OF THE PHILIPPINES Municipality of Dasol Region: Ilocos Region (Region I) Province: Pangasinan Founded: 1911 Population: 2000 censusâ€”25,381 Densityâ€”152. ...

Municipalities

Agno is a 4th class municipality in the province of Pangasinan, Philippines. ... Aguilar is a 4th class municipality in the province of Pangasinan, Philippines. ... Alcala is a 4th class municipality in the province of Pangasinan, Philippines. ... Anda is an island-municipality in the province of Pangasinan, Philippines. ... Asingan is a 3rd class municipality in the province of Pangasinan, Philippines. ... Balungao is a 4th class municipality in the province of Pangasinan, Philippines. ... Bani is a 3rd class municipality in the province of Pangasinan, Philippines. ... Basista is a 5th class municipality in the province of Pangasinan, Philippines. ... Bautista is a 5th class municipality in the province of Pangasinan, Philippines. ... Headline text ... Binalonan is a 3rd class municipality in the province of Pangasinan, Philippines. ... Binmaley is a municipality located in Pangasinan, Philippines. ... Bolinao is a 2nd class municipality in the province of Pangasinan, Philippines. ... Bugalllon is a 3rd class municipality in the province of Pangasinan, Philippines. ... Burgos is a 5th class municipality in the province of Pangasinan, Philippines. ... Calasiao is a 2nd class municipality in the province of Pangasinan, Philippines. ... Dasol is a 4th class municipality in the province of Pangasinan, Philippines. ... Infanta is a 4th class municipality in the province of Pangasinan, Philippines. ... Labrador is a 5th class municipality in the province of Pangasinan, Philippines. ... Laoac is a 5th class municipality in the province of Pangasinan, Philippines. ... Lingayen is a 1st class municipality in the province of Pangasinan, Philippines. ... Mabini is a 3rd class municipality in the province of Pangasinan, Philippines. ... Malasiqui is a 1st class municipality in the province of Pangasinan, Philippines. ... Manaoag is a 3rd class municipality in the province of Pangasinan, Philippines. ... Mangaldan is a municipality in the Philippines in the 4th district of the province of Pangasinan and the region of Ilocos. ... Mangatarem is a 2nd class municipality in the province of Pangasinan, Philippines. ... Mapandan is a 4th class municipality in the province of Pangasinan, Philippines. ... Natividad is a 5th class municipality in the province of Pangasinan, Philippines. ... Pozzorubio is a 3rd class municipality in the province of Pangasinan, Philippines. ... Rosales is a 3rd class municipality in the province of Pangasinan, Philippines. ... San Fabian is a 3rd class municipality in the province of Pangasinan, Philippines. ... San Jacinto is a 4th class municipality in the province of Pangasinan, Philippines. ... San Manuel is a 4th class municipality in the province of Pangasinan, Philippines. ... San Nicolas is a 4th class municipality in the province of Pangasinan, Philippines. ... San Quintin is a 4th class municipality in the province of Pangasinan, Philippines. ... Santa Barbara is a 2nd class municipality in the province of Pangasinan, Philippines. ... Santa Maria is a 4th class municipality in the province of Pangasinan, Philippines. ... Santo Tomas is a 5th class municipality in the province of Pangasinan, Philippines. ... This article needs cleanup. ... Sual is a 3rd class municipality in the province of Pangasinan, Philippines. ... Tayug is a 4th class municipality in the province of Pangasinan, Philippines. ... Umingan is a 3rd class municipality in the province of Pangasinan, Philippines. ... Urbiztondo is a 4th class municipality in the province of Pangasinan, Philippines. ... Villasis is a 3rd class municipality in the province of Pangasinan, Philippines. ...

Physical

History

Humans or Homo sapiens migrated to the Malay archipelago by at least 50,000 years ago. The two widely accepted scientific theories of the origins of modern humans or Homo sapiens are the single-origin hypothesis and the multiregional hypothesis. The single-origin hypothesis proposes that modern humans evolved in Africa and later migrated to other regions of the world, displacing other hominid populations. The multiregional hypothesis proposes that modern humans evolved, at least, from hominid populations in separate regions of the world. Human beings are defined variously in biological, spiritual, and cultural terms, or in combinations thereof. ... Human beings are defined variously in biological, spiritual, and cultural terms, or in combinations thereof. ... The Malay Archipelago refers to the vast group of islands located between mainland Southeast Asia (Indochina) and Australia. ... Human beings are defined variously in biological, spiritual, and cultural terms, or in combinations thereof. ... In paleoanthropology, the single-origin hypothesis (or Out-of-Africa model) is one of two accounts of the origin of anatomically modern humans, Homo sapiens. ... This article is in need of attention. ... In paleoanthropology, the single-origin hypothesis (or Out-of-Africa model) is one of two accounts of the origin of anatomically modern humans, Homo sapiens. ... Genera Subfamily Ponginae Pongo - Orangutans Gigantopithecus (extinct) Sivapithecus (extinct) Lufengpithecus (extinct) Ankarapithecus (extinct) Subfamily Homininae Gorilla - Gorillas Pan - Chimpanzees Homo - Humans Dryopithecus (extinct) Ouranopithecus (extinct) Paranthropus (extinct) Australopithecus (extinct) Sahelanthropus (extinct) Orrorin (extinct) Ardipithecus (extinct) Kenyanthropus (extinct) Pierolapithecus (extinct) (tentative) The hominids are the members of the biological family Hominidae... Genera Subfamily Ponginae Pongo - Orangutans Gigantopithecus (extinct) Sivapithecus (extinct) Lufengpithecus (extinct) Ankarapithecus (extinct) Subfamily Homininae Gorilla - Gorillas Pan - Chimpanzees Homo - Humans Dryopithecus (extinct) Ouranopithecus (extinct) Paranthropus (extinct) Australopithecus (extinct) Sahelanthropus (extinct) Orrorin (extinct) Ardipithecus (extinct) Kenyanthropus (extinct) Pierolapithecus (extinct) (tentative) The hominids are the members of the biological family Hominidae...

The most widely accepted view is that modern humans originated in the African savanna between 100 to 200 thousand years ago and later migrated to Asia, Europe, Australia by at least 40,000 years ago. The human population is believed to have been severely reduced by a global environmental catastrophe, called the Toba catastrophe theory, the result of a massive volcanic eruption of the Lake Toba volcano in Indonesia around 75 thousand years ago. The massive volcanic eruption is believed to have caused the isolation of human populations and resulted in creating population bottlenecks from which modern humans emerged. Savanna is a grassland dotted with trees, and occurs in several types of biomes. ... According to the Toba catastrophe theory, modern human evolution was affected by a recent large volcanic event. ... View of Lake Toba Lake Toba is a large lake, 100km long and 30km wide, in the middle of the northern part of the Indonesian island of Sumatra. ... It has been suggested that Near-Extinction evolution theory be merged into this article or section. ...

Human hunter-gatherers, nomads, and beach-combers migrated to all regions of the world, displacing other hominid populations. Paleontological evidence suggests that Homo sapiens or modern humans existed in Palawan at least 50,000 years ago. These inhabitants are called the Tabon Man from the name of the Tabon cave in Palawan where human fossil remains were found. Genetics studies of human DNA markers also confirm the presence of modern humans in Southeast Asia and Australia at least 55,000 years ago. In anthropology, the hunter-gatherer way of life is that led by certain societies of the Neolithic Era based on the exploitation of wild plants and animals. ... Communities of nomadic people move from place to place, rather than settling down in one location. ... A paleontologist carefully chips rock from a column of dinosaur vertebrae. ... Human beings are defined variously in biological, spiritual, and cultural terms, or in combinations thereof. ... Palawan is an island province of the Philippines located in the Western Visayas region. ... The Tabon cave in Palawan was a burial site of homo sapiens. ... Genetics (from the Greek genno Î³ÎµÎ½Î½ÏŽ= give birth) is the science of genes, heredity, and the variation of organisms. ... The general structure of a section of DNA Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) is a nucleic acid â€”usually in the form of a double helixâ€” that contains the genetic instructions specifying the biological development of all cellular forms of life, and most viruses. ... Location of Southeast Asia Southeast Asia is a subregion of Asia. ...

Austronesian-speakers settled in Southeast Asia, South China, Philippines, Taiwan, Japan and the Pacific islands perhaps earlier than 5,000 years ago, as commonly accepted. Austronesians may have been the first Americans and reached the Americas by a coastal route from Southeast Asia, perhaps as early as 15,000 years ago. The remains of the Kennewick Man, which was found near the coast of the State of Washington in the United States, has features that was more South Asian and Polynesian and was dated to be more than 9,000 years old. The Austronesian languages are a language family widely dispersed throughout the islands of Southeast Asia and the Pacific, with a few members spoken on continental Asia. ... Kennewick Man is the name for the remains of a prehistoric man found on a bank of the Columbia River near Kennewick, Washington, on July 28, 1996. ... State nickname: The Evergreen State Other U.S. States Capital Olympia Largest city Seattle Governor Christine Gregoire (D) Official languages None Area 184,824 kmÂ² (18th) - Land 172,587 kmÂ² - Water 12,237 kmÂ² (6. ...

The origin or homeland of the Austronesians is probably in Sundaland, a pre-historic landmass in Southeast Asia that was once connected to the continent of Asia, or around the same area of island Southeast Asia where they are now mostly found. Sundaland must have been a biogeographic tropical paradise; some have speculated that the Garden of Eden and the mythical lost land of Mu were located in Sundaland. However, Sundaland was flooded and is now largely under the sea as a result of the rise in sea-level that was probably caused by global warming after the most recent ice age. Sundaland is a biogeographical region of Southeast Asia that comprises the Malay Peninsula and the Indonesian islands of Sumatra, Java, Bali, Borneo, and surrounding smaller islands. ... World map showing the location of Asia. ... Biogeography is the science which deals with questions of species patterns of distribution and the process that resulted in such patterns. ... Look up Paradise in Wiktionary, the free dictionary Paradise is also a title of a tv-series The word paradise is derived from the Avestan word of pairidaeza (a walled enclosure), which is a compound of pairi- (around), a cognate of the Greek peri-, and -diz (to create, make). ... The Fall of Man by Lucas Cranach, a 16th century German depiction of Eden The Garden of Eden (from Hebrew Gan Ä’den, ×’Ö·Ö¼×Ÿ ×¢Öµ×“Ö¶×Ÿ) is described by the Book of Genesis as being the place where the first man - Adam - and woman - Eve - lived after they were created by God. ... Lost Lands are islands or continents believed by some to have existed during pre-history, but to have since disappeared as a result of catastrophic geological phenomena. ... Look up MU, Mu, mu in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ... // Definition Mean sea level (MSL) is the average height of the sea, with reference to a suitable reference surface. ... Global mean surface temperatures 1856 to 2005 Mean surface temperature anomalies during the period 1995 to 2004 with respect to the average temperatures from 1940 to 1980 Mean surface temperature anomalies for 2005 compared to average temperatures from 1951 to 1980 (source: NASA) Global warming is a term used to... Variations in CO2, temperature and dust from the Vostok ice core over the last 400 000 years For the animated movie, see Ice Age (movie). ...

The ancient Austronesians adapted to the flooding of Sundaland and the rise in sea-level; they mastered the seas with their ocean-going sailing ships and built houses on stilts. They also built agricultural terraces in the mountains, like the Banaue Rice Terraces. The Austronesians also had to cope with cataclysmic earthquakes, tsunamis, and volcanic eruptions because they lived in a seismic zone, called the Pacific Ring of Fire. The Banaue Rice Terraces The Banaue Rice Terraces are 2000-year-old terraces that were carved into the mountains of Ifugao in the Philippines by ancestors of the Batad people. ... Global earthquake epicenters, 1963–1998. ... The tsunami that struck Malé in the Maldives on December 26, 2004. ... This article is about volcanoes in geology. ... Seismology (from the Greek seismos = earthquake and logos = word) is the scientific study of earthquakes and the movement of waves through the Earth. ... The Ring of Fire is a zone of frequent earthquakes and volcanic eruptions that encircles the basin of the Pacific Ocean. ...

The Austronesians were part of the prehistoric human migrations that are believed to have originated in Africa. The Pangasinan people, like most of the people in the Malay Archipelago, are descended from the Austronesians who settled in Southeast Asia since ancient times. The Pangasinan language belongs to the Malayo-Polynesian branch of the Austronesian family of languages. Human migration denotes any movement of groups of people from one locality to another. ... A satellite composite image of Africa Africa is the worlds second-largest and second-most populous continent, after Asia. ... The Malay Archipelago refers to the vast group of islands located between mainland Southeast Asia (Indochina) and Australia. ... The Malayo-Polynesian languages are a subgroup of the Austronesian languages. ... The Austronesian languages are a family of languages widely dispersed throughout the islands of Southeast Asia and the Pacific, with a few members spoken on continental Asia. ...

The ancient Malayo-Polynesians were expert navigators who had sailing ships capable of crossing the distant seas. The Malagasy sailed from the Malay archipelago to Madagascar, an island across the Indian Ocean. The Polynesians navigated the distant Pacific islands as far away as Hawaii and Easter Island. In many Malayo-Polynesian languages, the words for canoe or ship and settlements or villages are often used interchangeably, like parao and barangay, both meaning meaning "ship" or "village." Official language(s) Hawaiian and English Capital Honolulu Largest city Honolulu Area - Total - Width - Length - % water - Latitude - Longitude Ranked 43rd 28,337 kmÂ² n/a km 2,450 km 41. ...

The Malay parao probably even reached the land of the Pharaohs in Egypt. Malay ships may have been among the ships coming from the overseas lands of Dilmun, Magan and Melluha mentioned in Sumerian and Akkadian literature. It is possible that the original Sumerian names for the Tigris and Euphrates rivers are of Malayo-Polynesian origin. In Pangasinan, the word siglat, which means "swift," "fast" or "rapid," appears similar to the Sumerian name Idigna and Akkadian name Idiglat for the Tigris. In Pangasinan, the word burakan, which means "wave or wavy," appears similar to the Sumerian name Buranun and Akkadian name Pu-rat-tu for the Euphrates. A vast maritime trade network connecting the distant Malayo-Polynesian settlements from the Pacific to the Indian Ocean probably existed in ancient times. This article refers to the historical Pharaoh. ... Dilmun (sometimes transliterated Telmun) is associated with ancient sites on the islands of Bahrain in the Persian Gulf. ... Magan was an ancient region which was referred to in Sumerian cuneiform texts of around 2300 BC as a source of copper and diorite for Mesopotamia. ... The Sumerian language of ancient Sumer was spoken in Southern Mesopotamia from at least the 4th millennium BC. Sumerian was replaced by Akkadian as a spoken language around 2000 BC, but continued to be used as a sacred, ceremonial and scientific language in Mesopotamia until about 1 AD. Then, it... Akkadian (liÅ¡Änum akkadÄ«tum) was a Semitic language (part of the greater Afro-Asiatic language family) spoken in ancient Mesopotamia, particularly by the Assyrians and Babylonians. ... The Sumerian language of ancient Sumer was spoken in Southern Mesopotamia from at least the 4th millennium BC. Sumerian was replaced by Akkadian as a spoken language around 2000 BC, but continued to be used as a sacred, ceremonial and scientific language in Mesopotamia until about 1 AD. Then, it... Tigris River in Mosul, Iraq The Tigris (Kurdish: TÃ®j / TÃ»j / TÃ®r , Old Persian: TigrÄ-, Pahlavi: Tigr, Syriac: Ü•Ü©Ü Ü¬; Deqlath, Arabic: Ø¯Ø¬Ù„Ø©; Dijla, Turkish: Dicle, Hebrew: ×—×“×§×œ; á¸¥iddeqel) is the eastern member of the pair of great rivers that define Mesopotamia, along with the Euphrates, which flows from the mountains of... The Euphrates (the traditional Greek name, Arabic: Ø§Ù„ÙØ±Ø§Øª; Al-Furat, Hebrew: ×¤Ö°Ö¼×¨Ö¸×ª, Kurdish and Turkish: FÄ±rat, Old Persian: Ufrat, Syriac: Ü¦ÜªÜ˜Ü¬ or Ü¦ÜªÜ¬; Frot or PrÃ¢th, Akkadian: Pu-rat-tu) is the westernmost of the two great rivers that define Mesopotamia (the other being the Tigris). ... The Malayo-Polynesian languages are a subgroup of the Austronesian languages. ... PangasinÃ¡n is a language of the Malayo-Polynesian branch of the Austronesian family of languages spoken by more than two million people in Pangasinan, other Pangasinan communities in the Philippines, and by a significant number of Pangasinan immigrants in the United States; it is the primary language in Pangasinan... The Sumerian language of ancient Sumer was spoken in Southern Mesopotamia from at least the 4th millennium BC. Sumerian was replaced by Akkadian as a spoken language around 2000 BC, but continued to be used as a sacred, ceremonial and scientific language in Mesopotamia until about 1 AD. Then, it... Akkadian (liÅ¡Änum akkadÄ«tum) was a Semitic language (part of the greater Afro-Asiatic language family) spoken in ancient Mesopotamia, particularly by the Assyrians and Babylonians. ... PangasinÃ¡n is a language of the Malayo-Polynesian branch of the Austronesian family of languages spoken by more than two million people in Pangasinan, other Pangasinan communities in the Philippines, and by a significant number of Pangasinan immigrants in the United States; it is the primary language in Pangasinan... The Sumerian language of ancient Sumer was spoken in Southern Mesopotamia from at least the 4th millennium BC. Sumerian was replaced by Akkadian as a spoken language around 2000 BC, but continued to be used as a sacred, ceremonial and scientific language in Mesopotamia until about 1 AD. Then, it... Akkadian (liÅ¡Änum akkadÄ«tum) was a Semitic language (part of the greater Afro-Asiatic language family) spoken in ancient Mesopotamia, particularly by the Assyrians and Babylonians. ... For other meanings of Pacific, see Pacific (disambiguation). ...

Archaelogical evidence and early Chinese and Indian records show that the early inhabitants of the Philippine archipelago conducted trade with India, China and Southeast Asia as early as the 8th century A.D. Ethnic Chinese merchants traded with the people of the Philippines as early as the 8th century A.D. Location of Southeast Asia Southeast Asia is a subregion of Asia. ... Han Chinese (Simplified: 汉; Traditional: 漢; Pinyin: hàn) is a term which refers to the majority ethnic group within China and the largest single human ethnic group in the world. ... (7th century — 8th century — 9th century — other centuries) Events The Iberian peninsula is taken by Arab and Berber Muslims, thus ending the Visigothic rule, and starting almost 8 centuries of Muslim presence there. ...

The legend of Urduja, who was described as a princesa or "princess", suggest that a kingdom, chiefdom or confederation may have flourished in Pangasinan or that Pangasinan may have been part of a larger maritime trade network before the Spanish conquest of 1571. Some historical sources and Pangasinan legends refer to a Luyag na Caboloan, meaning "Domain of Caboloan", which indicate the possible existence of an old political and economic confederation. Princess Urduja was a 14th century ruler of the Kingdom of Tawalisi in Pangasinan in the Philippines. ... A confederation is an association of sovereign states, usually created by treaty but often later adopting a common constitution. ...

The Portuguese navigator Ferdinand Magellan sailed by the Atlantic and the Pacific oceans, with a fleet of ships under the Spanish flag, and reached the Philippine islands in 1521. Magellan had been in the nearby Spice Islands before and probably was already aware of the location of the Philippines. He was also accompanied by a Malay native from the Moluccas during the voyage. Magellan was killed in the Battle of Mactan in 1521, but his voyage proved to others that the earth can be circumnavigated. One of the Spanish ships returned to Spain by the Indian and Atlantic oceans with news of a new route to the Spice Islands, the Orient, and the islands that came to be called the Philippines. Ferdinand Magellan (Portuguese: FernÃ£o de MagalhÃ£es, IPA pronunciation: //; Spanish: Fernando or Hernando de Magallanes; Spring 1480â€“April 27, 1521[1]) was a Portuguese maritime explorer who led the first successful attempt to circumnavigate the Earth. ... Spice Islands most commonly refers to the Maluku Islands (formerly the Moluccas), which lie on the equator, between the Celebes and the New Guinea islands in what is now Indonesia. ... This page is about the geography and history of the island group in Indonesia — for the political entities encompassing the islands, see Maluku (Indonesian province) and North Maluku. ... The Battle of Mactan was fought in the Philippines on April 27, 1521. ... Spice Islands most commonly refers to the Maluku Islands (formerly the Moluccas), which lie on the equator, between the Celebes and the New Guinea islands in what is now Indonesia. ... The term the Orient - literally meaning sunrise, east - is traditionally used to refer to Near, Middle, and Far Eastern countries. ...

On April 27, 1565, the Spanish conquistador Miguel López de Legazpi arrived in Cebu with about 500 soldiers to establish a Spanish settlement and begin the conquest of the Philippine islands. April 27 is the 117th day of the year (118th in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar, with 248 days remaining. ... Events March 1 - the city of Rio de Janeiro is founded April 27 - Cebu City is established becoming the first Spanish settlement in the Philippines. ... Conquistador (meaning Conqueror in the Spanish language) is the term used to refer to the soldiers, explorers, and adventurers who achieved the Conquista (this Spanish term is generally accepted by historians), i. ... Miguel LÃ³pez de Legazpi (b. ... Cebu is an island province of the Philippines located in the Central Visayas region. ...

On 1571, the Spanish conquest of Pangasinan began with an expedition by the Spanish conquistador Martín de Goiti, who came from the Spanish settlement in Manila through Pampanga. About a year later, another Spanish conquistador, Juan de Salcedo, sailed to Lingayen Gulf and landed at the mouth of the Agno River. Conquistador (meaning Conqueror in the Spanish language) is the term used to refer to the soldiers, explorers, and adventurers who achieved the Conquista (this Spanish term is generally accepted by historians), i. ... MartÃn de Goiti (b. ... Manila (Tagalog: Maynila) is the capital of the Philippines. ... Pampanga is a province of the Philippines located in the Central Luzon region. ... Juan de Salcedo (b. ... The Lingayen Gulf is an extension of the South China Sea on Luzon in the Philippines. ... The Agno River is a river in the Philippine island of Luzon. ...

By 1580, Pangasinan was subjugated and made into an Alacadia Mayor by the Spanish Governor of the Philippines. In 1611, Pangasinan became a Spanish colonial province, comprising the territories of Zambales and some areas of La Union and Tarlac. Lingayen was made the capital of the province (and still is to this day). Continued resistance to Spanish rule was forced to go underground or flee to the mountains. Zambales is a province of the Philippines located in the Central Luzon region. ... La Union is a province of the Philippines located in the Ilocos Region in Luzon. ... Tarlac is a landlocked province of the Philippines located in the Central Luzon region. ... Lingayen is a 1st class municipality in the province of Pangasinan, Philippines. ...

On December 1660, a rebellion led by Andres Malong, a native chief of the town of Binalatongan, now named San Carlos city, liberated the province from Spanish rule. Andres Malong was proclaimed King of Pangasinan. Pangasinan armies attempted to liberate the neighboring provinces of Pampanga and Ilocos, but were repelled by a Spanish-led coalition of loyalist tribal warriors and mercenaries. On February 1661, the newly independent Kingdom of Pangasinan fell to the Spanish.

On November 3, 1762, a rebellion led by Juan de la Cruz Palaris erupted in Pangasinan, and the people proclaimed the independence of Pangasinan after the fall of Manila to the British on October 6, 1762. However, after the Treaty of Paris on March 1, 1763 ended the the Seven Years War between Britain, France and Spain, the Spanish colonial forces counter-attacked. On January 16, 1765, Juan de la Cruz Palaris was captured and Pangasinan independence was again lost.

The people of Pangasinan widely supported Andres Bonifacio and the Katipunan's fight for independence as a common struggle. General Francisco Macabulos commanded the Katipunan forces in Pangasinan. Don Daniel Maramba of Santa Barbara was one of the revolutionary leaders from Pangasinan. El Supremo AndrÃ©s Bonifacio AndrÃ©s Bonifacio y de Castro (November 30, 1863 - May 10, 1897) was a leader in the revolution of the Philippines against Spanish colonial rule, the first revolution in Asia against European colonial rule. ... The Katipunan was a secret society founded in the Philippines by AndrÃ©s Bonifacio aimed towards liberating the country from the Spanish colonizers. ...

Lingayen Gulf was one of the strategic places during the Second World War. Japanese forces under Gen. Masaharu Homma landed on Pangasinan in December 1941, a few days after the attack on Pearl Harbor and started the Japanese occupation of the country. In 1945, American troops landed here and started to free Luzon from the Japanese. Combatants Allies: Poland, British Commonwealth, France/Free France, Soviet Union, United States, China, and others Axis Powers: Germany, Italy, Japan, and others Casualties Military dead: 17 million Civilian dead: 33 million Total dead: 50 million Military dead: 8 million Civilian dead: 4 million Total dead: 12 million World War II... Masaharu Homma (æœ¬é–“é›…æ™´ Honma Masaharu, 1888 in Sado, Niigata Prefecture, Japan - April 3, 1946 in Los BaÃ±os, Laguna, Philippines, also known as the Poet General, was the Japanese General in charge of the troops and actions that created the Bataan death march in Philippines during 1942 and the bombing of... For the movie, see 1941 (film) 1941 (MCMXLI) was a common year starting on Wednesday (the link is to a full 1941 calendar). ... Combatants United States of America Empire of Japan Commanders Husband Kimmel (USN) Walter Short (USA) Chuichi Nagumo (IJN) Strength 8 battleships, 8 cruisers, 29 destroyers, 9 submarines, ~50 other ships, ~390 planes 6 aircraft carriers, 2 battleships, 3 cruisers, 9 destroyers, 8 tankers, 23 fleet submarines, 5 midget submarines, 441... 1945 (MCMXLV) was a common year starting on Monday (the link is to a full 1945 calendar). ... Map of the Philippines showing the island groups of Luzon, Visayas, and Mindanao. ...

The imposition of martial law and the authoritarian rule of President Ferdinand M. Marcos resulted in countlesss human rights violations in Pangasinan.

Pangasinan fell victim to the gerrymandering of the Philippines by President Ferdinand E. Marcos when he made Pangasinan part of the northern Ilocos Region or Region I, although Pangasinan already enjoyed the status of a region because of its size, population and distinct primary language. Printed in 1812, this political cartoon illustrates the electoral districts drawn by the Massachusetts legislature to favor the incumbent Democratic-Republican party candidates of Governor Elbridge Gerry over the Federalists, from which the term gerrymander is derived. ... PRESIDENT OF THE PHILIPPINES Ferdinand Marcos Ferdinand Edralin Marcos (September 11, 1917 – September 28, 1989) was the tenth President of the Republic of the Philippines. ...

General Fidel V. Ramos, who was born in Lingayen, Pangasinan, was one of the leaders of a military mutiny and a people power revolt that led to the overthrow of President Ferdinand Marcos. Fidel Valdez Ramos (born March 18, 1928) was the 12th President of the Philippines. ...

General Fidel V. Ramos was elected President of the Philippines. Fidel Valdez Ramos (born March 18, 1928) was the 12th President of the Philippines. ...

Vice-President Gloria Macapagal-Arroyo, whose mother is from Binalonan, Pangasinan, was declared President of the Philippines after President Joseph Estrada was overthrown in another people power revolt. Gloria Macaraeg Macapagal-Arroyo (born April 5, 1947) is the 14th and current president of the Philippines. ...

Congressman Jose de Venecia, Jr., who is from Dagupan City, Pangasinan, was re-elected Speaker of the House of Representatives. Jose de Venecia Jose C. de Venecia, Jr. ...

Actor turned politician Fernando Poe, Jr., whose family is from San Carlos, Pangasinan, ran for President against President Gloria Macapagal-Arroyo. The Pangasinan vote was split. Fernando Poe, Jr. ...

President Gloria Macapagal-Arroyo was elected President for another term. However, she was forced to declare a state of emergency to counter alleged destabilization plots. She immediately lifted the state of emergency, but her presidency is beset by demands for her resignation.

Tourist Attractions

Hundred Islands

The Hundred Islands National Park, off the coast of Brgy. Lucap in Alaminos City is composed of some 123 islands in the Lingayen Gulf. Most of the islands are quite small and appear to be rocky outcrops with lush vegetation on top. The Hundred Islands National Park is the foremost tourist destination in the province of Pangasinan in northern Philippines. ... Alaminos City is a 5th class city in the province of Pangasinan, Philippines. ... The Lingayen Gulf is an extension of the South China Sea on Luzon in the Philippines. ...

Manaoag Shrine

The Shrine of Our Lady of Manaoag is famous throughout the country for its supposedly miraculous powers. Catholic devotees frequent the shrine especially on the feast days on the first of October and the 18th day after Easter Sunday. The Archbishop is Oscar Cruz, a critic of the current president, Gloria Arroyo. Easter (also called Pascha) is generally accounted the most important holiday of the Christian year, observed March or April each year to celebrate the Resurrection of Jesus from the dead (after his death by crucifixion; see Good Friday), which Christians believe happened at about this time of year, almost two... PRESIDENT OF THE PHILIPPINES Gloria Macapagal-Arroyo Gloria Macapagal-Arroyo (born April 5, 1947), also known by her initials GMA, is the current and 14th President of the Republic of the Philippines. ...

Contents

People and culture

Political

Cities

Municipalities

Physical

History

Tourist Attractions

Hundred Islands

Manaoag Shrine

See also

External links

Contents

People and culture GA_googleFillSlot("encyclopedia_square");

Political

Cities

Municipalities

Physical

History

Tourist Attractions

Hundred Islands

Manaoag Shrine

See also

External links

People and culture