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A pangram (Greek: pan gramma, "every letter"), or holoalphabetic sentence, is a sentence which uses every letter of the alphabet at least once. Pangrams are used, like lorem ipsum, to display typefaces and test equipment. For example, the pangram The quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog was utilized by Western Union to test Telex/TWX data communication equipment for accuracy and reliability. Image File history File links Mergefrom. ...
A quick brown fox illustrates the best-known English pangram by jumping over a lazy dog. ...
Wikipedia does not have an article with this exact name. ...
Wiktionary (a portmanteau of wiki and dictionary) is a multilingual, Web-based project to create a free content dictionary, available in over 150 languages. ...
ABCs redirects here, for the Alien Big Cats, see British big cats. ...
Using lorem ipsum to focus attention on graphic elements in a website design proposal. ...
“Font†redirects here. ...
A quick brown fox illustrates the best-known English pangram by jumping over a lazy dog. ...
Western Union (NYSE: WU) is a financial services and communications company based in the United States. ...
Telegraph and Telegram redirect here. ...
Telegraph and Telegram redirect here. ...
Interesting pangrams are generally short ones; constructing a sentence that includes the fewest repeat letters possible is a challenging task. Longer pangrams that are enlightening, humorous, or eccentric can be noteworthy in their own right. In a sense, the pangram is the opposite of the lipogram, where the aim is to omit one or more letters. A lipogram (from Greek lipagrammatos, missing letter) is a kind of writing with constraints or word game consisting of writing paragraphs or longer works in which a particular letter or group of letters is missing, usually a common vowel, the most common in English being e (McArthur, 1992). ...
Examples in English
- How razorback-jumping frogs can level six piqued gymnasts! (49 letters) (Used for font samples by the Macintosh, System 7 era)
- Back in June we delivered oxygen equipment of the same size. (49 letters)
- A quick movement of the enemy will jeopardize six gunboats. (49 letters)
- All questions asked by five watch experts amazed the judge. (49 letters)
- Crazy Fredericka bought many very exquisite opal jewels. (48 letters)
- Sixty zippers were quickly picked from the woven jute bag. (48 letters)
- John Prady, give me a black walnut box of quite small size. (47 letters)
- Have a pick; twenty six letters -- no forcing a jumbled quiz! (46 letters)
- Big July earthquakes confound zany experimental vow. (45 letters)
- Six big devils from Japan quickly forgot how to waltz. (44 letters)
- My girl wove six dozen plaid jackets before she quit. (43 letters)
- Foxy parsons quiz & cajole the lovably dim wiki-girl. (42 letters, plus "&" and "-")
- Cozy lummox gives smart squid who asks for job pen. (41 letters) (Used for font samples by the Macintosh, post-System 7, as well as on certain Palm products)
- Amazingly few discotheques provide jukeboxes. (40 letters)
- Adjusting quiver and bow, Zompyc killed the fox. (39 letters)
- My faxed joke won a pager in the cable TV quiz show. (39 letters)
- The quick onyx goblin jumps over the lazy dwarf. (39 letters) (From flavor text in a card in the Magic: the Gathering card game)
- Woven silk pyjamas exchanged for blue quartz. (38 letters) (Used for font samples by Scribus)
- Brawny gods just flocked up to quiz and vex him. (38 letters)
- Watch "Jeopardy!" Alex Trebek's fun TV quiz game. (37 letters)
- A wizard’s job is to vex chumps quickly in fog. (36 letters)
- The quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog. (35 letters) (Used by Windows as sample text)
- Joaquin Phoenix was gazed by MTV for luck. (34 letters)
- The quick brown fox jumps over a lazy dog. (33 letters)
- The jay, pig, fox, zebra and my wolves quack! (33 letters)
- Blowzy red vixens fight for a quick jump. (33 letters)
- Kvetching, flummoxed by job, W. zaps Iraq. (32 letters)
- Cozy sphinx waves quart jug of bad milk. (32 letters)
- A very bad quack might jinx zippy fowls. (32 letters)
- Pack my box with five dozen liquor jugs. (32 letters) (Used for font samples by Beagle Bros, Featured in Ella Minnow Pea)
- Few quips galvanized the mock jury box. (32 letters)
- Five quacking zephyrs jolt my wax bed. (31 letters)
- The five boxing wizards jump quickly. (31 letters) (Used by XXDiff as sample text)
- Jackdaws love my big sphinx of quartz. (31 letters) (Used by Microsoft Windows XP in certain cases, e.g. when providing samples of the FreesiaUPC or Arabic Transparent family of fonts)
- How quickly daft jumping zebras vex. (30 letters)
- Two driven jocks help fax my big quiz. (30 letters)
- Quick Baz, get my woven flax jodhpurs. (30 letters)
- "Now fax quiz Jack!" my brave ghost pled. (30 letters)
- Bright vixens jump; dozy fowl quack. (29 letters)
- Quick wafting zephyrs vex bold Jim. (29 letters)
- Quick zephyrs blow, vexing daft Jim. (29 letters)
- Sphinx of black quartz, judge my vow. (29 letters)
- Sex-charged fop blew my junk TV quiz (29 letters)
- Junk MTV quiz graced by fox whelps (28 letters)
- Bawds jog, flick quartz, vex nymphs. (28 letters)
- Waltz, bad nymph, for quick jigs vex. (28 letters)
- Fox nymphs grab quick jived waltz. (28 letters)
- Brick quiz whangs jumpy veldt fox. (28 letters)
- Glib jocks quiz nymph to vex dwarf. (28 letters) (Used by Pol vanRhee for Typography class examples)
- DJs flock by when MTV ax quiz prog. (27 letters)
The first Macintosh computer, introduced in 1984, upgraded to a 512K Fat Mac. The Macintosh or Mac, is a line of personal computers designed, developed, manufactured, and marketed by Apple Computer. ...
System 7 (codenamed Big Bang) was a version of Mac OS, the operating system of the Apple Macintosh computer. ...
The first Macintosh computer, introduced in 1984, upgraded to a 512K Fat Mac. The Macintosh or Mac, is a line of personal computers designed, developed, manufactured, and marketed by Apple Computer. ...
System 7 (codenamed Big Bang) was a version of Mac OS, the operating system of the Apple Macintosh computer. ...
The title given to this article is incorrect due to technical limitations. ...
A jukebox is a partially automated music-playing device, usually a coin-operated machine, that can play specially selected songs from self-contained media. ...
Magic: The Gathering (colloq. ...
Scribus is a free, open source desktop publishing (DTP) application. ...
This article describes the British horror/suspense television series. ...
Alex Trebek, with his once-iconic mustache, hosting a 1986 episode of Jeopardy! George Alexander Trebek (born as Giorgi Suka-Alex Trebek [1] on July 22, 1940) is an Emmy Award-winning Canadian-American television personality and game show host whos best known as the host of the game...
A quick brown fox illustrates the best-known English pangram by jumping over a lazy dog. ...
“Windows†redirects here. ...
Beagle Bros was a software company that specialized in creating personal computing products that were both useful and whimsical. ...
Ella Minnow Pea is an epistolary novel by Mark Dunn, copyrighted in 2001. ...
“Windows†redirects here. ...
Perfect pangrams A pangram in which each letter occurs only once is the pinnacle of the form. This is difficult to achieve without resorting to obscure words, and even harder without using proper nouns, acronyms, or abbreviations. A proper noun is a noun that picks out a unique entity. ...
It has been suggested that this article or section be merged with Backronym and Apronym (Discuss) Acronyms and initialisms are abbreviations, such as NATO, laser, and ABC, written as the initial letter or letters of words, and pronounced on the basis of this abbreviated written form. ...
Without proper nouns, acronyms, or abbreviations - Veldt jynx grimps waqf zho buck.
- Junky qoph-flags vext crwd zimb. (An Abyssinian fly playing a Celtic violin was annoyed by trashy flags on which were the Hebrew letter qoph.)
- Cwm fjord bank glyphs vext quiz. (Carved symbols in a mountain hollow and on the bank of a fjord irritated an eccentric person.)
- Phlegms fyrd wuz qvint jackbox.
- Quartz glyph job vex'd cwm finks.
- Squdgy fez, blank jimp crwth vox! (A short brimless felt hat barely blocks out the sound of a Celtic violin. - created by Claude Shannon)
- Cwm fjord veg balks nth pyx quiz. (Relaxing in basins at the end of inlets puts an end to the test from the box. - 'nth' is not an abbreviation)
With proper nouns, acronyms, or abbreviations - Blowzy night-frumps vex'd Jack Q.
- Glum Schwartzkopf vex'd by NJ IQ.
- New job: fix Mr. Gluck's hazy TV, PDQ! (includes 5 punctuation symbols)
- Frowzy things plumb vex'd Jack Q.
- J. Q. Vandz struck my big fox whelp.
- Meg Schwarzkopf quit Jynx Blvd. (created by Ted Clarke)
- Mr. Jock, TV Quiz Ph.D, bags few lynx. (created by Bobby LaPointe)
- Quartz jock vends BMW glyph fix.
- Jumbling vext frowzy hacks PDQ. (Being bounced around quickly annoyed the disheveled taxi drivers. - all words in high school dictionary)
- PR flacks quiz gym: TV DJ box when?
- Jump dogs, why vex Fritz Blank QC?
- Quack: "XL VD zit grew of nymph's BJ" (A false doctor attributes large genital wart to oral sex performed by a nymph.)
Punctuation marks are written symbols that do not correspond to either phonemes (sounds) of a spoken language nor to lexemes (words and phrases) of a written language, but which serve to organize or clarify written language. ...
Other languages
All letters - Bulgarian:
- Жълтата дюля беше щастлива, че пухът, който цъфна, замръзна като гьон.
- The yellow quince was happy that the fluff, which bloomed, froze like sole-leather
- За миг бях в чужд плюшен скърцащ фотьойл. (Used for font samples by the Macintosh, in the localized System 7)
- For a moment I was in someone else's plush squeaking armchair
- Catalan:
- (with ç) Jove xef, porti whisky amb quinze glaçons d'hidrogen, coi!
- Young chef, bring whisky with fifteen hydrogen ice cubes, damn!
- Aqueix betzol, Jan, comprava whisky de figa
- That idiot, Jan, was buying fig whisky
- Czech:
- (includes all Czech letters with diacritics, but lacks many letters without diacritics) Příliš žluťoučký kůň úpěl ďábelské ódy in English: Too yellowish horse moaned satanic odes.
- "Příliš žluťoučký kůň úpěl ďábelské ódy" - in English: "Too yellow horse groaned satanic odes"
- "Příšerně žluťoučký kůň úpěl ďábelské ódy" - in English: "Terribly yellow horse groaned satanic odes"
- "Hleď, toť přízračný kůň v mátožné póze šíleně úpí" - in English "Lo! 'Tis ghostlike horse who is groaning in weak position"
- "Zvlášť zákeřný učeň s ďolíčky běží podél zóny úlů" - in English "Very greasy pupil with dimples runs along zone of beehives"
- "Loď čeří kýlem tůň obzvlášť v Grónské úžině" - in English "Ship is curling a water by the keel, chiefly in Strait of Greenland"
- "Ó, náhlý déšť teď zvířil prach a čilá laň běží s houfcem gazel k úkrytům." - in English "Oh, sudden rain is whirling a dust now and vivacious hind with crowd of gazelles is running to bowers."
- Danish:
- (each letter exactly once) Høj bly gom vandt fræk sexquiz på wc
- Tall shy groom won dirty sex quiz on W.C.
- Quizdeltagerne spiste jordbær med fløde, mens cirkusklovnen Walther spillede på xylofon.
- The quiz contestants ate strawberry with cream while Walther the circus clown played the xylophone.
- Dutch:
- Doch Bep, flink sexy qua vorm, zwijgt
- But Bep, thorough sexy of shape, keeps silent
- Sexy qua lijf, doch bang voor 't zwempak
- Sexy of body, though scared of the swimsuit
- Pa's wijze lynx bezag vroom het fikse aquaduct
- Dad's wise lynx piously observed the sturdy aqueduct.
- Several others: "Filmquiz bracht knappe ex-yogi van de wijs", "Max boft: z'n vrouw is qua type degelijk", "Lex bederft Uw quiz met typisch vakjargon", "Zwicht exquis blondje, gap vijf mark", "Z'n dom exquis wijfje bracht vlug kip.", "Sexy dame bezorgt chique volkje fijne wip".
- Esperanto:
- Eble ĉiu kvazaŭ-deca fuŝĥoraĵo ĝojigos homtipon.
- Maybe every quasi-fitting bungle-choir makes a human type happy.
- Laŭ Ludoviko Zamenhof bongustas freŝa ĉeĥa manĝaĵo kun spicoj.
- According to Ludwig Zamenhof, fresh Czech food with spices tastes good.
- Estonian:
- Põdur Zagrebi tšellomängija-följetonist Ciqo külmetas kehvas garaažis
- Ill-healthy cellist-feuilletonist Ciqo from Zagreb was being cold in a poor garage. (used in KDE font selection).
- Finnish:
- (A perfect pangram which doesn't include characters only found in foreign or loanwords (b, c, f, q, w, x, z, å)): Törkylempijä vongahdus
- Albert osti fagotin ja töräytti puhkuvan melodian.
- Albert bought a bassoon and blasted a puffing melody. (used in older versions of Word Perfect).
- French:
- Portez ce vieux whisky au juge blond qui fume
- Go take this old whisky to the blond judge who smokes
- Bâchez la queue du wagon-taxi avec les pyjamas du fakir
- Tarpolin-up the taxi-railcar tail with the fakir’s pajamas
- Voyez le brick géant que j'examine près du wharf
- See the giant brick which I examine near the wharf
- German
- (no umlauts or ß): Sylvia wagt quick den Jux bei Pforzheim
- (no umlauts or ß): Franz jagt im komplett verwahrlosten Taxi quer durch Bayern
- Franz chases in the completely shabby cab straight through Bavaria
- (with umlauts and ß): Victor jagt zwölf Boxkämpfer quer über den großen Sylter Deich
- Victor chases twelve boxers across the great dam of Sylt
- (with umlauts and ß, each letter exactly once, according to the pre-1996 spelling rules): "Fix, Schwyz!" quäkt Jürgen blöd vom Paß
- "Quick, Schwyz!" Jürgen squawks zanily from the pass
- "Falsches Üben von Xylophonmusik quält jeden größeren Zwerg" (used by KDE)
- Wrong practising of xylophone music bothers every larger dwarf
- Greek:
- Γαζίες καὶ μυρτιὲς δὲν θὰ βρῶ πιὰ στὸ χρυσαφὶ ξέφωτο
- No more shall I see acacias or myrtles in the golden clearing
- Ξεσκεπάζω τὴν ψυχοφθόρα βδελυγμία.
- I uncover the soul-destroying abhorrence.
- Ζαφείρι δέξου πάγκαλο, βαθῶν ψυχῆς τὸ σῆμα.
- Receive an excellent sapphire, denoting profundity of soul.
- Notable pangrams found occurring in ancient Greek literature include:
- Hebrew:
- דג סקרן שט בים מאוכזב ולפתע מצא חברה
- A curious fish sailed the sea disappointedly, and suddenly found company
- או הנסה אלהים, לבוא לקחת לו גוי מקרב גוי, במסת באתת ובמופתים ובמלחמה וביד חזקה ובזרוע נטויה, ובמוראים גדלים: ככל אשר-עשה לכם יהוה אלהיכם, במצרים--לעיניך (Deuteronomy 4:34)
- לכן חכו לי נאם יהוה ליום קומי לעד, כי משפטי לאסף גוים לקבצי ממלכות, לשפך עליהם זעמי כל חרון אפי, כי באש קנאתי תאכל כל הארץ (Zephaniah 3:8 - the only verse in the Hebrew Bible that contains all medial forms of the letters plus all final forms)
- (each letter exactly once) שפן אכל קצת גזר בטעם חסה, ודי.
- (A rabbit ate some lettuce flavored carrot and that's it)
Note: the Hebrew writing system, which leaves out many of the vowels, makes the creation of perfect pangrams fairly easy, compared to languages which use Latin script. - Hungarian
- Egy hűtlen vejét fülöncsípő, dühös mexikói úr Wesselényinél mázol Quitóban.
- An angry Mexican man, who caught his faithless son-in-law, is painting Wesselényi's house in Quito.
- Icelandic:
- Kæmi ný öxi hér ykist þjófum nú bæði víl og ádrepa
- If a new axe were here, thieves would feel increasing deterrence and punishment.
- Irish
- D'fhuascail Íosa Úrmhac na hÓighe Beannaithe pór Éava agus Ádhaimh
- D'ḟuascail Íosa Úrṁac na hÓiġe Beannaiṫe pór Éaḃa agus Áḋaiṁ
- Jesus, Son of the blessed Virgin, redeemed the seed of Eve and Adam.
- Ċuaiġ bé ṁórsháċ le dlúṫspád fíorḟinn trí hata mo ḋea-ṗorcáin ḃig
- A greatly satisfied woman went with a truly white dense spade through the hat of my good little well-fattened pig (uses both regular and lenited (with dot above) letters)
- Italian:
- "Quel fez sghembo copre davanti"
- That slanted fez covers the front (without the foreign letters j, k, w, x, and y)
- "Ma la volpe col suo balzo ha raggiunto il quieto Fido"
- But the fox with his leap has reached the quiet Fido (without foreign letters)
- "Quel vituperabile xenofobo zelante assaggia il whisky ed esclama: alleluja!"
- That blameworthy and zealous xenophobe tastes his whisky and says: Alleluja!
- "Pranzo d'acqua fa volti sghembi" (without foreign letters)
- "O templi, quarzi, vigne, fidi boschi!" (without foreign letters)
- "Che tempi brevi, zio, quando solfeggi" (without foreign letters)
- "Berlusconi? Quiz, tv, paghe da fame" (Umberto Eco)[1]
- "Tv? Quiz, Br, Flm, Dc... Oh, spenga!" (Umberto Eco, 1979, without foreign letters)
- Japanese:
- Iroha Uta
- いろはにほへと ちりぬるを わかよたれそ つねならむ うゐのおくやま けふこえて あさきゆめみし ゑひもせす
- 色は匂へど 散りぬるを 我が世誰ぞ 常ならむ 有為の奥山 今日越えて 浅き夢見じ 酔ひもせず（ん）
- The poem Iroha uses all 47 classical kana characters exactly once, and it comes in the form of a poem. (The characters ゐ and ゑ are obsolete in modern Japanese.) Iroha is so classically entrenched that any modern construction of a Japanese pangram in classical form is called iroha-uta.
- Tori Naku Uta
- とりなくこゑす ゆめさませ みよあけわたる ひんかしを そらいろはえて おきつへに ほふねむれゐぬ もやのうち
- 鳥啼く声す 夢覚ませ 見よ明け渡る 東を 空色栄えて 沖つ辺に 帆船群れゐぬ 靄の中
- Ametsuchi No Uta
- あめ つち ほし そら / やま かは みね たに / くも きり むろ こけ / ひと いぬ うへ すゑ / ゆわ さる おふ せよ / えのえ*を なれ ゐて
- 天 地 星 空 / 山 川 峰 谷 / 雲 霧 室 苔 / 人 犬 上 末 / 硫黄 猿 生ふ 為よ / 榎の 枝を 馴れ 居て
- Taini no Uta
- たゐにいて なつむわれをそ きみめすと あさりおひゆく やましろの うちゑへるこら もはほせよ えふねかけぬ
- 田居に出で 菜摘むわれをぞ 君召すと 求食り追ひゆく 山城の 打酔へる子ら 藻葉干せよ え舟繋けぬ
- Korean:
- 키스의 고유조건은 입술끼리 만나야 하고 특별한 기술은 필요치 않다.
- The essential condition for kiss is that lips meet and there is no special technique required.
- Latin:
- Sic surgens, dux, zelotypos quam karus haberis (without foreign letters w, j,)
- Lithuanian:
- Įlinkdama fechtuotojo špaga sublykčiojusi pragręžė apvalų arbūzą
- Incurving fencer sword sparkled and perforated a round watermelon
- Lojban:
- .o'i mu xagji sofybakni cu zvati le purdi
- Watch out, five hungry Soviet-cows are in the garden!
- Mapudungun:
- (Ragileo alphabet) Gvxam mincetu apocikvyeh: ñizol ce mamvj ka raq kuse bafkeh mew
- Tale under the full moon: the chief chemamull and the clay old woman at the lake/sea.
- Norwegian
- Vår sære Zulu fra badeøya spilte jo whist og quickstep i min taxi.
- Our strange Zulu from the bathing Island did actually play whist and quickstep in my cab.
- Høvdingens kjære squaw får litt pizza i Mexico by
- The chief's dear squaw gets a little pizza in Mexico City
- IQ-løs WC-boms uten hørsel skjærer god pizza på xylofon.
- IQ-less WC-bum without hearing cut good pizza on xylophone.
- Polish:
- (each letter exactly once) Pójdźże, kiń tę chmurność w głąb flaszy!
- Come on, drop your sadness into the depth of a bottle!
- (each letter exactly once) Pchnąć w tę łódź jeża lub ośm skrzyń fig. (ośm - the original form of the numeral osiem)
- Push into that boat a hedgehog or eight boxes of figs.
- (each letter exactly once) Mężny bądź, chroń pułk twój i sześć flag.
- Be brave, protect your regiment and six flags.
- (each letter exactly once) Filmuj rzeź żądań, pość, gnęb chłystków!.
- Film the slaughter of demands, fast, oppress the greenhorns!.
- (each english letter exactly once) Ich dalekopis fałszuje, gdy próby QXV nie wytrzymuje.
- Their teleprinter misprints, if it does not stands the test of QXV.
- Portuguese:
- (without diacritics) Um pequeno jabuti xereta viu dez cegonhas felizes.
- A curious little red-footed tortoise saw ten happy storks.
- Blitz prende ex-vesgo com cheque fajuto.
- Police arrested ex-cross-eye with fake check in a checkpoint.
- (without diacritics) Gazeta publica hoje no jornal uma breve nota de faxina na quermesse.
- The journalists publish today at the newspaper a short note about the cleaning at the kirmiss.
- À noite, vovô Kowalsky vê o ímã cair no pé do pingüim queixoso e vovó põe açúcar no chá de tâmaras do jabuti feliz.
- At night, grandpa Kowalsky sees the magnet falling in the complaining penguin's foot and grandma puts sugar in the happy tortoise's date tea.
- Luís argüia à Júlia que «brações, fé, chá, óxido, pôr, zângão» eram palavras do português.
- Luís argued to Júlia that “big arms, faith, tea, oxide, to put, bee” were Portuguese words.
- Romanian:
- Gheorghe, obezul, a reuşit să obţină jucându-se un flux în Quebec de o mie kilowaţioră.
- George, the obese, managed to obtain by playing a flux in Quebec of a thousand Kilowatthours
- Russian:
- (traditional telegraph test; lacks ъ and ё) В чащах юга жил бы цитрус? Да, но фальшивый экземпляр!
- Would a citrus live in the bushes of the south? Yes, but only a fake one!
- (Using quasiobsolete spelling for last word to include ъ) В чащах юга жил бы цитрус? Да, но фальшивый экземпляръ!
- (each letter exactly once) Эх, чужак! Общий съём цен шляп (юфть) — вдрызг!
- Eh, stranger! The general takings from prices of hats (made from a thick leather) have completely crashed!
- (each letter exactly once) Экс-граф? Плюш изъят. Бьём чуждый цен хвощ!
- Ex-count? The plush has been confiscated. Let's fight against the horsetail that is alien to prices!
- (each letter exactly once) Эй, жлоб! Где туз? Прячь юных съёмщиц в шкаф.
- Hey, chuff! Where is the ace? Hide young lessee-girls in the cupboard.
- (Microsoft used it in fontview.exe for Cyrillic fonts without «же») Съешь ещё этих мягких французских булок, да выпей же чаю.
- Eat more of these soft French loaves and drink tea.
- (Used in KDE) Широкая электрификация южных губерний даст мощный толчок подъёму сельского хозяйства.
- Widespread electrification of southern guberniyas will give a powerful incentive to the rise of agriculture.
- Serbian:
- Љубазни фењерџија чађавог лица хоће да ми покаже штос.
- Ljubazni fenjerdžija čađavog lica hoće da mi pokaže štos.
- A kind lamplighter with grimy face wants to show me a stunt.
- Slovene:
- Hišničin bratec vzgaja polže pod fikusom
- Besni dirkač iz formule žuga cehu poštarjev
- Fučka se mi hladna goveja žolca brez pršuta
- Šerif bo za vajo spet kuhal domače žgance
- For an exercise, sheriff will again make home-made mush
- Piškur molče grabi fižol z dna cezijeve hoste
- Lambry silently grasps beans from the bottom of cezij forest
- Spanish:
- (with ñ and diacritics) El veloz murciélago hindú comía feliz cardillo y kiwi. La cigüeña tocaba el saxofón detrás del palenque de paja. (Used in Windows as sample text)
- The quick Hindu bat was happily eating golden thistle and kiwi. The stork was playing the saxophone behind the straw arena.
- (with ch, ñ and ll) El pingüino Wenceslao hizo kilómetros bajo exhaustiva lluvia y frío; añoraba a su querido cachorro.
- The penguin Wenceslao did kilometres under exhaustive rain and cold; he longed for its dear puppy.
- Jovencillo emponzoñado de whisky: ¡qué figurota exhibe!
- Whisky-intoxicated youngster — what a figure he's showing!
- Ese libro explica en su epígrafe las hazañas y aventuras de Don Quijote de la Mancha en Kuwait.
- That book explains in its epigraph the deeds and adventures of Don Quijote de la Mancha in Kuwait.
- Queda gazpacho, fibra, látex, jamón, kiwi y viñas.
- There is still gazpacho, fibre, latex, ham, kiwi and vineyards.
- Whisky bueno: ¡excitad mi frágil pequeña vejez!
- Good whisky, excite my frail, little old age!
- Swedish:
- (lacks q, x and z) Flygande bäckasiner söka hwila på mjuka tuvor.
- Flying snipes seek rest on soft tufts [of grass].
- (each letter exactly once) Yxskaftbud, ge vår wczonmö iqhjälp.
- Axe handle messenger, give our WC zone maiden IQ help.
- Thai:
- เป็นมนุษย์สุดประเสริฐเลิศคุณค่า กว่าบรรดาฝูงสัตว์เดรัจฉาน จงฝ่าฟันพัฒนาวิชาการ อย่าล้างผลาญฤๅเข่นฆ่าบีฑาใคร ไม่ถือโทษโกรธแช่งซัดฮึดฮัดด่า หัดอภัยเหมือนกีฬาอัชฌาสัย ปฏิบัติประพฤติกฎกำหนดใจ พูดจาให้จ๊ะๆ จ๋าๆ น่าฟังเอยฯ
- Humans are most superb and worth more than any animal or beast. Do develop your academic expertise. Do not destroy or kill anyone. Do not be angry or execrate anyone. Practice forgiveness as you would good sportsmanship. Do behave under morals and rules. Speak and confer politely and with servility. (These phrases owned by The Computer Association of Thailand under the Royal Patronage of His Majesty the King)
- Turkish:
- Pijamalı hasta yağız şoföre çabucak güvendi.
- The patient in pajamas trusted the swarthy driver quickly.
- Ukrainian:
- Чуєш їх, доцю, га? Кумедна ж ти, прощайся без ґольфів!
- Daughter, do you hear them, eh? Oh, you are funny! Say good-bye without knee-length socks.
- (with apostrophe sign) Жебракують філософи при ґанку церкви в Гадячі, ще й шатро їхнє п'яне знаємо.
- The philosophers beg near the porch of the church in Hadiach, and we are even know their drunk marquee.
The first Macintosh computer, introduced in 1984, upgraded to a 512K Fat Mac. The Macintosh or Mac, is a line of personal computers designed, developed, manufactured, and marketed by Apple Computer. ...
Software localization is a process of translating software user interfaces from one language to another and adapting it to suit a foreign culture. ...
System 7 (codenamed Big Bang) was a version of Mac OS, the operating system of the Apple Macintosh computer. ...
Catalan IPA: (català IPA: or []) is a Romance language, the national language of Andorra, and a co-official language in the Spanish autonomous communities of Balearic Islands, Catalonia and Valencia , and in the city of LAlguer in the Italian island of Sardinia. ...
A cedilla is a hook (¸) added under certain consonant letters as a diacritic mark to modify their pronunciation. ...
The term Beehive can refer to several different things: Beehive (beekeeping) is a human-provided structure in which bees are induced to live and raise their young. ...
For other uses, see Keel (disambiguation). ...
Look up Hind in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ...
This article does not cite any references or sources. ...
This article is about the language. ...
Location of Zagreb within Croatia Coordinates: , Country RC diocese 1094 Free royal city 1242 Unified 1850 Government - Mayor Milan Bandić Area [1] - City 641. ...
KDE (K Desktop Environment) (IPA: ) is a free software project which aims to be a powerful system for an easy-to-use desktop environment. ...
The bassoon is a woodwind instrument in the double reed family that typically plays music written in the bass and tenor registers and occasionally even higher. ...
WordPerfect is a word processing program; at the height of its popularity in the late 1980s and early 1990s, it was the de facto standard word processor, but has since been eclipsed in sales by Microsoft Word. ...
The umlaut mark (or simply umlaut) and the trema or diaeresis mark (or simply diaeresis) are two diacritics consisting of a pair of dots placed over a letter. ...
ß as the combination of ſs on a Pirna street sign (Waldstraße) This article is about the letter ß in the German alphabet. ...
Pforzheim is a town of 119,000 inhabitants in the state of Baden-Württemberg, south-west Germany at the gate to the Black Forest. ...
The German island of Sylt is located in the North Sea off the west coast of Germany and Denmark. ...
The German spelling reform of 1996 (Rechtschreibreform) is based on an international agreement signed in Vienna in July 1996 by the governments of the German-speaking countries Germany, Austria, Liechtenstein and Switzerland, a quadrilingual country. ...
The town of (French: , Italian: ) is the capital of the canton of Schwyz in Switzerland. ...
KDE (K Desktop Environment) (IPA: ) is a free software project which aims to be a powerful system for an easy-to-use desktop environment. ...
Beginning of the Odyssey For other uses, see Odyssey (disambiguation). ...
The anonymous Homeric Hymns are a collection of ancient Greek hymns. ...
Pindar (or Pindarus) (probably born 522 BC in Cynoscephalae, a village in Boeotia; died 443 BC in Argos), was perhaps the greatest of the nine lyric poets of ancient Greece. ...
This article is about the ancient Greek playwright. ...
The Oresteia is a trilogy of tragedies about the end of the curse on the House of Atreus, written by Aeschylus. ...
A statue of Euripides. ...
Alcestis is one of the earliest surviving works of the Greek playwright Euripides. ...
Heracles or Hercules Furens is a play by Euripides (c. ...
The Bacchae (also known as The Bacchantes) is a tragedy by the ancient Greek playwright Euripides. ...
Isaeus (fl. ...
Lycurgus (in Greek ΛυκουÏγος; 396–323 BC), an Attic orator, was born at Athens about 396 BC, and was the son of Lycophron, who belonged to the noble family of the Eteobutadae. ...
Lysias (d. ...
Bust of Thucydides residing in the Royal Ontario Museum, Toronto. ...
“Hebrew†redirects here. ...
This article does not cite any references or sources. ...
// Who wrote it? The superscription of the Book of Zephaniah attributes its authorship to “Zephaniah son of Cushi son of Gedaliah son of Amariah son of Hezekiah, in the days of King Josiah son of Amon of Judah†(1:1, NRSV). ...
11th century manuscript of the Hebrew Bible with Targum Hebrew Bible is a term that refers to the common portions of the Jewish canon and the Christian canons. ...
In many languages, the final form is a special character used to represent a letter only when it occurs at the end of a word. ...
A Fez The Fez (also known as the Checheya or Tarboosh) is a red felt hat in the shape of a truncated cone; a black tassel hangs from the crown. ...
Umberto Eco (born January 5, 1932) is an Italian medievalist, semiotician, philosopher and novelist, best known for his novel The Name of the Rose (Il nome della rosa) and his many essays. ...
Umberto Eco (born January 5, 1932) is an Italian medievalist, semiotician, philosopher and novelist, best known for his novel The Name of the Rose (Il nome della rosa) and his many essays. ...
Also: 1979 by Smashing Pumpkins. ...
The iroha (Japanese: , ã„ã‚ã¯) is a Japanese poem most likely written sometime during the Heian era (AD 794–1179). ...
The iroha (Japanese: , ã„ã‚ã¯) is a Japanese poem most likely written sometime during the Heian era (AD 794–1179). ...
ã‚, in hiragana, or ヰ in katakana, is one of the Japanese kana, which each represent one mora. ...
ゑ, in hiragana, or ヱ in katakana, is an obsolete Japanese kana, each of which represent one mora. ...
The Ametsuchi No Uta (Jp. ...
Latin was the language originally spoken in the region around Rome called Latium. ...
Lojban (IPA ) is a constructed human language based on predicate logic. ...
CCCP redirects here. ...
COW is an acronym for a number of things: Can of worms The COW programming language, an esoteric programming language. ...
Mapudungun test of Wikipedia at Wikimedia Incubator Mapudungun (mapu means earth and dungun means to speak) is a language isolate spoken in central Chile and west central Argentina by the Mapuche (mapu is earth and che means people) people. ...
Mapuche statues made of wood used to signal the grave of a deceased person. ...
Binomial name Geochelone carbonaria The red-footed tortoise (Geochelone carbonaria), known in Brazil as Jabuti, is a tortoise from South America, popular as a pet. ...
KDE (K Desktop Environment) (IPA: ) is a free software project which aims to be a powerful system for an easy-to-use desktop environment. ...
Guberniya (Russian: ) (also gubernia, guberniia, gubernya) was a major administrative subdivision of the Imperial Russia, usually translated as governorate or province. ...
Serbian (; ) is one of the standard versions of the Shtokavian dialect, used primarily in Serbia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Montenegro, Croatia, and by Serbs in the Serbian diaspora. ...
“Windows†redirects here. ...
This article is about the fictional character and novel. ...
Gazpacho with blended ingredients. ...
Only letters with diacritical marks and others national specific letters A variant tries to make a word or phrase containing at least all letters with diacritical marks: - Czech: (čďňřšťž áéěíóúůý)
- Příliš (příšerně) žluťoučký kůň úpěl ďábelské ódy ("too yellow (horribly yellow) horse moaned devillish odas"),
- Hleď, toť přízračný kůň v mátožné póze šíleně úpí. ("See, that phantasmic horse moans like crazy in feeble pose")
- Zvlášť zákeřný učeň s ďolíčky běží podél zóny úlů. ("Extra malicious apprentice with dimples runs beside the zone of beehives")
- Loď čeří kýlem tůň obzvlášť v Grónské úžině. ("Ship churns up the pool with the keel, especially at the Greenland straits")
- Esperanto: Eĥoŝanĝo ĉiuĵaŭde ("echo change every Thursday")
- German: Heizölrückstoßabdämpfung ("fuel oil recoil absorber")
- Hungarian: árvíztűrő tükörfúrógép ("flood-proof mirror-drilling machine")
- Icelandic: Sævör grét áðan því úlpan var ónýt ("Sævör cried earlier because the jacket was ruined")
- Polish: Zażółć gęślą jaźń ("make fiddle's ego yellow")
- Turkish: Şişli'de büyük çöp yığınları ("Large amounts of garbage in Şişli")
This article is about the language. ...
ÅžiÅŸli is a cosmopolitan district of Ä°stanbul, Turkey where many of Istanbuls Armenians live (In the Kurtulus area). ...
Ideographic scripts Fully ideographic scripts, bereft of an alphabet, cannot have pangrams in the literal sense, unless one includes all possible ideograms in the language. However, various analogies to pangrams are feasible, including traditional pangrams in a romanization. - Chinese:
- The nature of written Chinese results in something slightly different. See Thousand Character Classic. It is a one thousand-character poem with each character used exactly once, although it does not include all Chinese characters.
The Thousand Character Classic (åƒå—æ–‡) is a Chinese poem used as a primer for teaching Chinese characters to children. ...
Self-enumerating pangrams A self-enumerating pangram, or a pangrammic autogram, is one which describes exactly the number of letters it itself contains. Because changing the description changes the numbers of letters used in the description, the task of finding such a pangram is exceedingly complex. An autogram is a self-referencing sentence that describes its letter-content. ...
This particularly interesting kind of pangram arose from some verbal horseplay between Douglas Hofstadter, an AI researcher and writer for Scientific American, Rudy Kousbroek, a Dutch linguist and essayist, and Lee Sallows, a British electronics engineer. Hofstadter posed the problem of sentences that describe themselves, prompting Sallows to devise the following: Douglas Richard Hofstadter (born February 15, 1945 in New York, New York) is an American academic. ...
Scientific American is a popular-science magazine, published (first weekly and later monthly) since August 28, 1845, making it the oldest continuously published magazine in the United States. ...
- Only the fool would take trouble to verify that his sentence was composed of ten a's, three b's, four c's, four d's, forty-six e's, sixteen f's, four g's, thirteen h's, fifteen i's, two k's, nine l's, four m's, twenty-five n's, twenty-four o's, five p's, sixteen r's, forty-one s's, thirty-seven t's, ten u's, eight v's, eight w's, four x's, eleven y's, twenty-seven commas, twenty-three apostrophes, seven hyphens and, last but not least, a single !
This, while interesting, is not a complete pangram as it lacks a j, q, and z. Kousbroek published a Dutch equivalent, which spurred Sallows, who lives in the Netherlands and reads the paper where Kousbroek writes his essays, to think harder about this problem in order to solve it more generally. Initial attempts to write a program for this came to naught, but, in 1984, he decided to construct a dedicated piece of hardware for this task, the Pangram Machine. This accepts a description of the initial sentence fragment, and tries to fill in the blanks. The result was later published in Scientific American in October of 1984, as follows: - This Pangram contains four a's, one b, two c's, one d, thirty e's, six f's, five g's, seven h's, eleven i's, one j, one k, two l's, two m's, eighteen n's, fifteen o's, two p's, one q, five r's, twenty-seven s's, eighteen t's, two u's, seven v's, eight w's, two x's, three y's, & one z.[2]
There are exhaustive lists of some self-enumerating sentences here and thus also of certain pangrams, in English, Italian and Latin. These were computed using BDD's (binary decision diagrams).
Perfect pangrams from restricted sets
Postal codes Four perfect pangrams using the postal abbreviations of the US states and territories and the Canadian provinces and territories are: Motto: (Out Of Many, One) (traditional) In God We Trust (1956 to date) Anthem: The Star-Spangled Banner Capital Washington D.C. Largest city New York City None at federal level (English de facto) Government Federal constitutional republic - President George Walker Bush (R) - Vice President Dick Cheney (R) Independence from...
- AZ, DE, FL, GU, KS, MB, NJ, OH, PR, QC, TX, VI, WY
- AZ, DE, FL, GU, MB, NJ, OH, PR, QC, SK, TX, VI, WY
- AZ, FL, GU, HI, KY, MB, NJ, OR, PE, QC, SD, TX, WV
- AZ, FL, GU, KY, MB, NJ, OH, PE, RI, QC, SD, TX, WV
Official language(s) English Spoken language(s) English 74. ...
This article is about the U.S. State of Delaware. ...
Official language(s) English Capital Tallahassee Largest city Jacksonville Largest metro area Miami metropolitan area Area Ranked 22nd - Total 65,795[1] sq mi (170,304[1] km²) - Width 361 miles (582 km) - Length 447 miles (721 km) - % water 17. ...
This article does not cite any references or sources. ...
Official language(s) English[2] Capital Topeka Largest city Wichita Area Ranked 15th - Total 82,277 sq mi (213,096 km²) - Width 211 miles (340 km) - Length 417 miles (645 km) - % water 0. ...
Motto: Gloriosus et Liber (Latin: Glorious and free) BC AB SK MB ON QC NB PE NS NL YT NT NU Capital Winnipeg Largest city Winnipeg Official languages English Government - Lieutenant-Governor John Harvard - Premier Gary Doer (NDP) Federal representation in Canadian Parliament - House seats 14 - Senate seats 6 Confederation...
“NJ†redirects here. ...
Official language(s) English de facto Capital Columbus Largest city Columbus Largest metro area Greater Cleveland Area Ranked 34th - Total 44,825 sq mi (116,096 km²) - Width 220 miles (355 km) - Length 220 miles (355 km) - % water 8. ...
For the board game, see Puerto Rico (board game). ...
This article is about the Canadian province. ...
Official language(s) No official language See languages of Texas Capital Austin Largest city Houston Largest metro area Dallas–Fort Worth–Arlington Area Ranked 2nd - Total 261,797 sq mi (678,051 km²) - Width 773 miles (1,244 km) - Length 790 miles (1,270 km) - % water 2. ...
BVI USVI The Virgin Islands is an archipelago in the Leeward Islands in the Caribbean Sea. ...
Official language(s) English Capital Cheyenne Largest city Cheyenne Area Ranked 10th - Total 97,818 sq mi (253,348 km²) - Width 280 miles (450 km) - Length 360 miles (580 km) - % water 0. ...
Motto: Multis E Gentibus Vires (Latin: The Strength of Many Peoples) Capital Regina Largest city Saskatoon Official languages English Government - Lieutenant-Governor Gordon Barnhart - Premier Lorne Calvert (NDP) Federal representation in Canadian Parliament - House seats 14 - Senate seats 6 Confederation September 1, 1905 (Split from NWT) (9th (province)) Area Ranked...
Official language(s) English, Hawaiian Capital Honolulu Largest city Honolulu Area Ranked 43rd - Total 10,931 sq mi (29,311 km²) - Width n/a miles (n/a km) - Length 1,522 miles (2,450 km) - % water 41. ...
Official language(s) English[1] Capital Frankfort Largest city Louisville Area Ranked 37th - Total 40,444 sq mi (104,749 km²) - Width 140 miles (225 km) - Length 379 miles (610 km) - % water 1. ...
Official language(s) (none)[1] Capital Salem Largest city Portland Area Ranked 9th - Total 98,466 sq mi (255,026 km²) - Width 260 miles (420 km) - Length 360 miles (580 km) - % water 2. ...
This article is about the Canadian province. ...
Official language(s) English Capital Pierre Largest city Sioux Falls Area Ranked 17th - Total 77,116[1] sq mi (199,905 km²) - Width 210 miles (340 km) - Length 380 miles (610 km) - % water 1. ...
Official language(s) English Capital Charleston Largest city Charleston Area Ranked 41st - Total 24,244 sq mi (62,809 km²) - Width 130 miles (210 km) - Length 240 miles (385 km) - % water 0. ...
This article is about the U.S. State. ...
Chemical element symbols It is not possible to make a perfect pangram out of current chemical element symbols, but it is possible using two disused ones. UNQ, for unnilquadium, now known as Rutherfordium, is in every pangram, as it is only one of two chemical symbols with a Q. The two Us in UUQ (ununquadium) prevent its use. The other letter necessitating disused symbols is J; the available symbols are J (for iodine), Jg (for Jargonium/Hafnium), or Jo (for Joliotium/Dubnium). The periodic table of the chemical elements A chemical element, or element, is a type of atom that is defined by its atomic number; that is, by the number of protons in its nucleus. ...
General Name, Symbol, Number rutherfordium, Rf, 104 Chemical series transition metals Group, Period, Block 4, 7, d Standard atomic weight (265) g·mol−1 Electron configuration probably [Rn] 5f14 6d2 7s2 Electrons per shell 2, 8, 18, 32, 32, 10, 2 Physical properties Phase presumably a solid Density (near r. ...
General Name, Symbol, Number ununquadium, Uuq, 114 Chemical series presumably poor metals Group, Period, Block 14, 7, p Appearance unknown, probably silvery white or metallic gray Atomic mass (298) g/mol Electron configuration perhaps [Rn] 5f14 6d10 7s2 7p2 (guess based on lead) Electrons per shell 2, 8, 18, 32...
For the record label, see Iodine Recordings. ...
General Name, Symbol, Number hafnium, Hf, 72 Chemical series transition metals Group, Period, Block 4, 6, d Appearance grey steel Standard atomic weight 178. ...
General Name, Symbol, Number dubnium, Db, 105 Chemical series transition metals Group, Period, Block 5, 7, d Appearance unknown, probably silvery white or metallic gray Atomic mass (262) g/mol Electron configuration perhaps [Rn] 5f14 6d3 7s2 (guess based on tantalum) Electrons per shell 2, 8, 18, 32, 32, 11...
Here is one of many possibilities using Jo:
- Al, Bk, Cf, Gd, H, Jo, Mt, P, Si, Unq, V, W, Xe, Y, Zr
Aluminum is a soft and lightweight metal with a dull silvery appearance, due to a thin layer of oxidation that forms quickly when it is exposed to air. ...
General Name, Symbol, Number berkelium, Bk, 97 Chemical series actinides Group, Period, Block n/a, 7, f Appearance unknown, probably silvery white or metallic gray Atomic mass (247) g·mol−1 Electron configuration [Rn] 5f9 7s2 Electrons per shell 2, 8, 18, 32, 27, 8, 2 Physical properties Phase solid...
General Name, Symbol, Number californium, Cf, 98 Chemical series actinides Group, Period, Block n/a, 7, f Appearance unknown, probably silvery white or metallic gray Atomic mass (251) g·mol−1 Electron configuration [Rn] 5f10 7s2 Electrons per shell 2, 8, 18, 32, 28, 8, 2 Physical properties Phase solid...
General Name, Symbol, Number gadolinium, Gd, 64 Chemical series lanthanides Group, Period, Block n/a, 6, f Appearance silvery white Standard atomic weight 157. ...
General Name, Symbol, Number hydrogen, H, 1 Chemical series nonmetals Group, Period, Block 1, 1, s Appearance colorless Atomic mass 1. ...
General Name, Symbol, Number dubnium, Db, 105 Chemical series transition metals Group, Period, Block 5, 7, d Appearance unknown, probably silvery white or metallic gray Atomic mass (262) g/mol Electron configuration perhaps [Rn] 5f14 6d3 7s2 (guess based on tantalum) Electrons per shell 2, 8, 18, 32, 32, 11...
General Name, Symbol, Number meitnerium, Mt, 109 Chemical series transition metals Group, Period, Block 9, 7, d Appearance unknown, probably silvery white or metallic gray Atomic mass (268) g·mol−1 Electron configuration perhaps [Rn] 5f14 6d7 7s2 (guess based on iridium) Electrons per shell 2, 8, 18, 32, 32...
General Name, symbol, number phosphorus, P, 15 Chemical series nonmetals Group, period, block 15, 3, p Appearance waxy white/ red/ black/ colorless Standard atomic weight 30. ...
Not to be confused with Silicone. ...
Known properties Name, Symbol, Number Rutherfordium, Rf, 104 Chemical series Transition metals Group, Period, Block 4, 7 , d Appearance unknown Atomic weight [261] amu Electron configuration probably [Rn]5f14 6d2 7s2 e- s per energy level 2,8,18,32,32,10,2 State of matter Presumably a solid Rutherfordium...
General Name, symbol, number vanadium, V, 23 Chemical series transition metals Group, period, block 5, 4, d Appearance silver-grey metal Standard atomic weight 50. ...
For other uses, see Tungsten (disambiguation). ...
General Name, Symbol, Number xenon, Xe, 54 Chemical series noble gases Group, Period, Block 18, 5, p Appearance colorless Standard atomic weight 131. ...
General Name, Symbol, Number yttrium, Y, 39 Chemical series transition metals Group, Period, Block 3, 5, d Appearance silvery white Standard atomic weight 88. ...
General Name, Symbol, Number zirconium, Zr, 40 Chemical series transition metals Group, Period, Block 4, 5, d Appearance silvery white Standard atomic weight 91. ...
It is not possible to create a perfect pangram from the current US Representatives' initials as none contain "Q"; however, only one former Representative is necessary. Xavier Becerra contributes an X to every pangram. Bill Young can also be used in place of Don Young if a perfect pangram is unnecessary. In the example below Jack Quinn, the most recent Representative with a Q, is used; for a full list of possibilities, see the list of former Representatives with Q as an initial. The House of Representatives is the larger of two houses that make up the U.S. Congress, the other being the United States Senate. ...
Xavier Becerra Xavier Becerra (born January 26, 1958), American politician, has been a Democratic member of the United States House of Representatives since 1993, representing the 31st District of California (map), which is based in Hollywood. ...
Charles William Bill Young, also known as C.W. Bill Young, (born December 16, 1930), American politician, has been a Republican member of the United States House of Representatives since 1971, representing the 10th District of Florida (map). ...
Donald Edwin (Don) Young (born June 9, 1933) has been the sole congressman from Alaska in the United States House of Representatives since 1973. ...
John Francis Jack Quinn (born April 13, 1951) is a politician from the State of New York. ...
This is an incomplete list of notable former members of the United States House of Representatives. ...
- CO, DY, EI, JQ, LG, MU, NA, RK, SH, TP, VF, XB, ZW
Clement Leroy Butch Otter (b. ...
Donald Edwin (Don) Young (born June 9, 1933) has been the sole congressman from Alaska in the United States House of Representatives since 1973. ...
Ernest James Istook Jr. ...
John Francis Jack Quinn (born April 13, 1951) is a politician from the State of New York. ...
Louis Buller Louie Gohmert, Jr. ...
Udall poses with an eagle, which was brought to his office to highlight his efforts at protecting the species. ...
Neil A. Abercrombie (born June 26, 1938) is an American politician and elder statesman of the Democratic Party of Hawaii. ...
Ronald James Kind (born March 16, 1963) is an American politician from the U.S. state of Wisconsin. ...
Stephanie Herseth Sandlin (born December 3, 1970) is an American lawyer and Democratic politician, currently serving as the sole member of the House of Representatives from South Dakota. ...
Dr. Thomas E. Tom Price (born October 8, 1954) is an American politician. ...
Virginia Foxx (born June 29, 1943) is a Republican Congresswoman from the 5th Congressional district of North Carolina (see[map]) first elected in 2004. ...
Xavier Becerra Xavier Becerra (born January 26, 1958), American politician, has been a Democratic member of the United States House of Representatives since 1993, representing the 31st District of California (map), which is based in Hollywood. ...
Zachary Paul Zach Wamp (born October 28, 1957) is a conservative Republican politician representing the 3rd Congressional district of Tennessee (map) since 1995. ...
United States airport codes Airports have two abbreviations each: ICAO codes and IATA codes. ICAO codes are 4 letters each, IATA codes are 3 letters each. As 26 is neither divisible by 3 nor 4, any perfect pangram must contain a combination of them. The only possible 26-letter combinations contain either six IATA codes and two ICAO codes or 2 IATA codes and 5 ICAO codes; the latter is impossible because all ICAO codes in the United States begin with a "K" or a "P", so only two can be used. Therefore, all airport code pangrams consist of 6 IATA codes and 2 ICAO codes. Here is one of many examples, in which only airports deemed "primary" by the FAA are used and where no two are in the same state: The International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO), an agency of the United Nations, develops the principles and techniques of international air navigation and fosters the planning and development of international air transport to ensure safe and orderly growth. ...
The International Air Transport Association is an international trade organization of airlines headquarted in Montreal, Quebec, Canada. ...
FAA may refer to: Federal Aviation Administration in the United States Fleet Air Arm in the UK Royal Navy Fuerza Aérea Argentina in Argentina This is a disambiguation page — a navigational aid which lists other pages that might otherwise share the same title. ...
Houghton County Memorial Airport (IATA: CMX, ICAO: KCMX) is a public airport near Calumet on the Keweenaw Peninsula in northwest of the Upper Peninsula of Michigan. ...
Key West International Airport (IATA: EYW, ICAO: KEYW) is an airport located in Key West, Florida, United States. ...
Walker Field Airport (IATA: GJT, ICAO: KGJT) is a public airport located in Grand Junction, Colorado. ...
Destinations with direct service from Norfolk Norfolk International Airport (IATA: ORF, ICAO: KORF, FAA LID: ORF) is a public airport located in Norfolk, Virginia, United States. ...
Friedman Memorial Airport (IATA: SUN, ICAO: KSUN), formerly known as Sun Valley Airport is a public airport located in the town of Hailey serving Sun Valley, Idaho and the surrounding areas in the Wood River Valley. ...
Valdez Airport (IATA: VDZ, ICAO: PAVD, FAA LID: VDZ), also known as Pioneer Field, is a public airport located three miles (5 km) east of the central business district (CBD) of Valdez, a city in the U.S. state of Alaska. ...
Albuquerque International Sunport (IATA: ABQ, ICAO: KABQ) is a public airport located three miles (5 km) southeast of the central business district (CBD) of Albuquerque, a city in Bernalillo County, New Mexico, USA. The airports IATA airport code ABQ is also Amtraks 3-letter code for its rail...
Lihue Airport (IATA: LIH, ICAO: PHLI) is a small airport located two miles (3 km) east of LÄ«hue, on the southeast coast of the island of Kauai, Hawaii, United States of America. ...
Country codes All countries have a two letter ISO 3166-1 alpha-2 code. Here is an example of a pangram using these: ISO 3166-1 alpha-2 codes are two-letter country codes in the ISO 3166-1 standard to represent countries and dependent areas. ...
- BD, CV, ET, FR, HN, IL, JP, KG, MX, QA, SO, UY, ZW
Anthem Amar Shonar Bangla My Golden Bengal Capital (and largest city) Dhaka Official languages Bengali (Bangla) Demonym Bangladeshi Government Parliamentary republic - President Iajuddin Ahmed - Prime Minister vacant - Chief Adviser (Interim Caretaker Government) Fakhruddin Ahmed Independence from Pakistan - Declared March 26, 1971 - Victory Day December 16 1971 Area - Total 144,000...
Anthem Cântico da Liberdade Capital (and largest city) Praia Official languages Portuguese Recognised regional languages Cape Verdean Creole Government Republic - President Pedro Pires - Prime Minister José Maria Neves Independence from Portugal - Recognized July 5, 1975 Area - Total 4,033 km² (172nd) 1,557 sq mi - Water (%) negligible Population - July...
This article is about the African country. ...
This article is about the country. ...
Motto Libre, Soberana e Independiente(Spanish) Free, Sovereign and Independent Anthem Himno Nacional de Honduras Capital (and largest city) Tegucigalpa Official languages Spanish Demonym Honduran Government Democratic constitutional republic - President Manuel Zelaya Independence - from Spain 15 September 1821 - from the UPCA 1838 Area - Total 112,492 km² (102nd) 43,278...
Anthem: Hatikvah (The Hope) Capital Jerusalem Largest city Jerusalem Official languages Hebrew, Arabic Government Parliamentary democracy - President Moshe Katsav1 - Prime Minister Ehud Olmert - Knesset Speaker Dalia Itzik Independence from the League of Nations mandate administered by the United Kingdom - Declaration 14 May 1948 (05 Iyar 5708) Area - Total 20,770...
This article is about the country in East Asia. ...
Motto none Anthem National Anthem of the Kyrgyz Republic Capital (and largest city) Bishkek Official languages Kyrgyz, Russian Demonym Kyrgyzstani Government Republic - President Kurmanbek Bakiyev - Prime Minister Almazbek Atambayev Independence from the Soviet Union - Declared 31 August 1991 - Completed 25 December 1991 Area - Total 199,900 km² (86th) 77,181...
This article is about the country in North America. ...
Anthem As Salam al Amiri Capital (and largest city) Doha Official languages Arabic Demonym Qatari Government Constitutional Monarchy - Emir Hamad bin Khalifa - Prime Minister Hamad ibn Jaber Al Thani Independence2 - from the United Kingdom September 3, 1971 Area - Total 11,437 km² (164th) 4,416 sq mi - Water (%) negligible Population...
Anthem Somalia, Wake Up Capital (and largest city) Mogadishu Official languages Somali1 Demonym Somali Government Transitional Federal Government - President Abdullahi Yusuf Ahmed - Prime Minister Ali Mohammed Ghedi Independence from the UK and Italy - Date June 26 & July 1, 1960 Area - Total 637,661 km² (42nd) 246,201 sq mi - Water...
Motto Libertad o muerte(Spanish) Freedom or death Anthem Himno Nacional Uruguayo Capital (and largest city) Montevideo Official languages Spanish Demonym Uruguayan, Oriental Government Republic (presidential system) - President Tabaré Vázquez Rosas - Vice President Rodolfo Nin Independence from Brazil - Oriental Revolution 25 August 1825 - Declared 28 August 1828 Area - Total...
Motto Unity, Freedom, Work Anthem Simudzai Mureza wedu WeZimbabwe(Shona) Kalibusiswe Ilizwe leZimbabwe(Ndebele) Blessed be the land of Zimbabwe Capital (and largest city) Harare Official languages English Demonym Zimbabwean Government Republic - President Robert Mugabe - Vice President Joseph Msika (1999 - present) Joyce Mujuru (2004 - present) Independence from the United Kingdom...
See also A pangrammatic window is a stretch of naturally occurring text that contains all the letters in the alphabet. ...
References - ^ la Repubblica "Il pangramma nascosto"
- ^ Lee Sallows, 1984 [1]
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