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Encyclopedia > Panzerkampfwagen III
Panzerkampfwagen III

PzKpfw III Ausf J This image has been released into the public domain by the copyright holder, its copyright has expired, or it is ineligible for copyright. ...

Panzerkampfwagen III
General characteristics
Crew 5 (commander, gunner, loader, driver and radio operator)
Length 5.52 m
Width 2.9 m
Height 2.5 m
Weight 22 tonnes
Armour and armament
Armour 70 mm
Main armament 1×50 mm gun
Secondary armament 2×7.92 mm MG
Mobility
Power plant 12-cylinder Maybach petrol
265 hp (197 kW)
Suspension torsion bar
Road speed 40 km/h
Power/weight hp/tonne
Range 155 km

The Panzerkampfwagen III (PzKpfw III), more commonly referred to as the Panzer III, was a tank developed in the 1930s by Nazi Germany and used extensively in World War II. It was designed to fight other AFVs, serving alongside the infantry-support Pzkpfw IV. It soon became obsolete in this role, and for most purposes was supplanted by up-gunned Panzer IVs, though some would continue to be used for infantry support until late in the war. Military vehicles are commonly armoured to withstand the impact of shrapnel, bullets or shells, protecting the soldiers inside from enemy fire. ... Mg or mg or MG may stand for: machine gun Madagascar, ISO country code Malagasy language, in ISO 639 magnesium (Mg) MG (car), the car company milligram (mg) megagram (Mg) or Tonne MG stands for Minas Gerais, one of the states from Brazil Metal Gear or Metal Gear Solid This... This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ... Nazi Germany, or the Third Reich, commonly refers to Germany in the years 1933–1945, when it was under the firm control of the totalitarian and fascist ideology of the Nazi Party, with the Führer Adolf Hitler as dictator. ... Combatants Allies: Poland, British Commonwealth, France/Free France, Soviet Union, United States, China, and others Axis Powers: Germany, Italy, Japan, and others Casualties Military dead:17 million Civilian dead:33 million Total dead:50 million Military dead:8 million Civilian dead:4 million Total dead:12 million World War II... The Panzerkampfwagen IV (PzKpfw IV), more commonly referred to as the Panzer IV, was a tank developed by Germany and used extensively in World War II. It was designed initially as an infantry-support medium tank, to work in conjunction with the anti-tank Pzkpfw III. Later in the war...

Contents


Development History

On January 11, 1934, following specifications laid down by Heinz Guderian, the Army Weapons Department drew up plans for a medium tank with a maximum weight of 24,000 kg and a top speed of 35 km/h. It was intended as the main tank of the German Panzer divisions, capable of engaging and destroying opposing tank forces. January 11 is the 11th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... 1934 (MCMXXXIV) was a common year starting on Monday (link will take you to calendar). ... Heinz Wilhelm Guderian (17 June 1888 - 14 May 1954) was a military theorist and innovative General of the German Army during the Second World War. ...


Daimler-Benz, Krupp, MAN, and Rheinmetall all produced prototypes. Testing of the prototypes took place in 1936 and 1937, leading to the Daimler-Benz design being chosen for production. The first Panzer III A came off the assembly line in May of 1937, and a total of ten, two of which were unarmed, were produced in 1937. Mass production of the tank, then in model III F, began in 1939. Daimler-Benz AG was founded on May 1, 1924 by the merger of Benz & Cie. ... The Krupp family, a prominent 400-year-old German dynasty from Essen, have become famous for their steel production and for their manufacture of ammunition and armaments. ... MAN AG is a German manufacturer (engineering works) and marketer of commercial vehicles, industrial services, printing systems, diesel and gas engines, and turbomachines. ... Rheinmetall is a German defense company with factories in Düsseldorf and Unterlüß. It has a long tradition of making guns and artillery pieces. ... 1936 (MCMXXXVI) was a leap year starting on Wednesday (link will take you to calendar). ... 1937 (MCMXXXVII) was a common year starting on Friday (link will take you to calendar). ... 1939 (MCMXXXIX) was a common year starting on Sunday (link will take you to calendar). ...


Between 1937 and 1940, attempts were made to standardize parts between Krupp's Panzer IV and Daimler-Benz's Panzer III. 1940 (MCMXL) was a leap year starting on Monday (the link is to a full 1940 calendar). ... The Krupp family, a prominent 400-year-old German dynasty from Essen, have become famous for their steel production and for their manufacture of ammunition and armaments. ... The Panzerkampfwagen IV (PzKpfw IV), more commonly referred to as the Panzer IV, was a tank developed by Germany and used extensively in World War II. It was designed initially as an infantry-support medium tank, to work in conjunction with the anti-tank Pzkpfw III. Later in the war...


Much of the early development work on the Panzer III was a quest for a suitable suspension. Several variaties of leaf-spring suspensions were tried on ausf A through D before the torsion-bar suspension of the ausf E was standardized. The Panzer III, along with the Soviet KV heavy tank, was one of the first tanks to use this suspension design. Torsion beam suspension, also known as a torsion bar or torsion spring suspension, is a vehicle suspension system. ... KV, kV, or kv may refer to: kilovolts, see volt Komi language ((ISO 639 alpha-2) Köchel Verzeichnis, a chronological catalogue of all the compositions of Mozart: see Ludwig von Köchel KV (Egypt), an acronym referring to tombs in the Valley of the Kings in Egypt the IATA code for...


The Panzer III was intended as the main battle tank of the German forces. However, it proved to be inferior to the T-34 tank of the Soviet Union and was replaced by an upgunned version of the Panzer IV, which could carry a high-velocity 75mm gun. The T-34 is a Soviet medium tank first produced in 1940. ...


In 1942, the ausf N model of the Panzer III was created with an L/24 75mm gun, but this was a low-velocity gun designed for anti-infantry and close-support work.


Armor

The Panzer III A through C had 15 mm of slightly sloped homogenous steel armor on all sides, with 10mm on the top and 5mm on the bottom. This was quickly determined to be insufficient, and was upgraded to 30 mm in the D, E, F, and G models, with the H model having a second 30 mm layer of face-hardened steel applied to the front and rear hull. The J model had a solid 50 mm plate on the front and rear, while the L, M, and N models had an additional layer of 20 mm of armor on the front hull. This additional frontal armor meant the Panzer III during 1941 and 1942 was impervious to most British and Russian anti-tank guns at all but close ranges when shot at from the front. The sides were still vulnerable to many enemy weapons including anti-tank rifles. RHA stands for Rolled Homogeneous Armour. ...


The unusually heavy rear armor of the Panzer III was a weight penalty that was not commensurate with its combat value. Although several tanks of the early war period had heavy rear armor, in general the design trend during the war was to thin the side and rear armor as much as possible, concentrating heavy armor in the frontal quadrant. For example, the Panther tank had very heavy frontal armor but thin side and rear armor. The Panther ( (help· info)) was a tank of Germany in World War II that served from mid-1943 to end of the war in Europe in 1945. ...


Armament

A Panzer III during the North African campaign of World War II.

The Panzer III was intended to fight other tanks and a high-velocity 5cm gun was initially called for. But the infantry were being equipped with the 3.7 cm anti-tank gun, and it was felt that in the interest of standardisation the tanks should carry the same. As a compromise, the turret ring was made large enough to accommodate a 50 mm gun should a future upgrade be required. This single decision would later assure the Panzer III a much prolonged life in the German army. Image File history File links Download high resolution version (800x647, 104 KB) Summary A Panzer III during the North African campaign of World War II. Note the spare treads on the front. ... Image File history File links Download high resolution version (800x647, 104 KB) Summary A Panzer III during the North African campaign of World War II. Note the spare treads on the front. ... During World War II the North African Campaign, also known as the Desert War, took place in the North African desert from September 13, 1940 (The USA started to directly supply the British in this effort on May 11, 1942) to May 13, 1943. ... Combatants Allies: Poland, British Commonwealth, France/Free France, Soviet Union, United States, China, and others Axis Powers: Germany, Italy, Japan, and others Casualties Military dead:17 million Civilian dead:33 million Total dead:50 million Military dead:8 million Civilian dead:4 million Total dead:12 million World War II...


The early models (Ausf A to Ausf E, and a few Ausf F) were equipped with a short barrelled 37 mm gun which proved somewhat satisfactory during the campaigns of 1939 and 1940 but later models (Ausf F to Ausf M) were upgraded with the heavier 50 mm KwK38 L/42 and 50 mm KwK39 L/60 guns in response to increasingly better armed and armoured opponents.


By 1942, the Panzer III had become obsolete as a main battle tank and the decision was made to continue production as a support vehicle. The Ausf N model mounted a low-velocity 75 mm KwK37 L/24 gun - the same gun used by the early models of the Panzer IV. This tank was used for infantry support as a replacement for the StuG III assault gun, which was by then mainly used as tank destroyer. The Panzerkampfwagen IV (PzKpfw IV), more commonly referred to as the Panzer IV, was a tank developed by Germany and used extensively in World War II. It was designed initially as an infantry-support medium tank, to work in conjunction with the anti-tank Pzkpfw III. Later in the war... StuG III Ausf G The Sturmgeschütz III (StuG III) assault gun was one of Germanys most produced AFVs during World War II. It was built on the chassis of the Panzer III. Initially intended as a mobile, armoured light gun for infantry support, the StuG was continually modified... The Brummbar was a German assault gun used in World War II An assault gun is an armoured fighting vehicle similar to a tank, but typically does not have a traversable turret, and may have an open roof. ...


All early models up to and including the Ausf F had two 7.92 mm machine guns mounted coaxially with the main gun, and a 7.92 mm machine gun in the hull. Models from the ausf G and later had a single coaxial MG and the hull MG. A machine gun is a fully-automatic firearm that is capable of firing bullets in rapid succession. ...


Mobility

The Panzer III models A through C were powered by a 230 hp, 12-cylinder Maybach HL 108 TR engine, giving a top speed of 32 km/h (20 mph) and a range of 150 km (95 mi). All later models were powered by the 320 hp, 12-cylinder Maybach HL 120 TRM engine. Top speed varied among models, depending on the transmission, armor, and gun, but was around 40 km/h (25 mph). The range was generally around 150 km (95 mi). Maybach-Motorenbau GmbH, founded by Wilhelm Maybach (pronounced my-ba:h) and his son Karl, was a German manufacturer of engines for zeppelins and later large and luxurious automobiles. ...


Combat Usage

The Panzer III was used in the campaigns against Poland, France, the Soviet Union and in North Africa. Some were still in use in Normandy and Arnhem in 1944. During World War II the North African Campaign, also known as the Desert War, took place in the North African desert from September 13, 1940 (The USA started to directly supply the British in this effort on May 11, 1942) to May 13, 1943. ... During World War II, the Western Front was the theater of fighting west of Germany, encompassing France, Belgium, the Netherlands, Luxemberg, and Denmark. ... Arnhem is a municipality and a city in the east of the Netherlands, located on the Lower Rhine, and the capital of the Gelderland province. ... 1944 (MCMXLIV) was a leap year starting on Saturday (the link is to a full 1944 calendar). ...


In the Polish and French campaigns, the Panzer III formed a small part of the German armored forces. Only a few hundred ausf A through F were available in these campaigns, most armed with the 37mm gun. They were the best medium tank available to the Germans and outclassed most of their opponents such as the Polish 7TP, French R-35 and H-35 light tanks, and Somua S-35 cavalry tanks. General characteristics Length: 4. ... The R 35 or Char léger Modèle 1935 R was a French light infantry tank of the Second World War. ... Char léger modèle 1935 H modifié 39 in Israel The Hotchkiss H35 or Char léger modèle 1935 H was a French light tank developed prior to WWII. // Development In 1926 it had been decided to provide armour support to the regular infantry divisions by creating autonomous... The Somua S-35 was a French cavalry tank of the Second World War. ...


By the time of the German invasion of the Soviet Union (Operation Barbarossa), the Panzer III was numerically the most important German tank. By this time the majority of the available tanks (including re-armed ausf E and F, plus new ausf G and H models) had the L/42 50mm gun. The tanks used in North Africa also had the 50mm L/42. The Panzer III was outclassed by the Soviet T-34 and KV tanks, although German tactical skill, crew training, and the good ergonomics of the Panzer III all contributed to a rough 6:1 favorable kill ratio for German tanks of all types in 1941. Combatants Axis Powers Soviet Union Commanders Supreme commander: Adolf Hitler Supreme commander: Josef Stalin Strength ~ 3,200,000 ~ 2,600,000 Casualties 830,903 (174,000 dead, 36,000 missing, 604,000 injured) 2,600,000 (dead, missing, injured and prisoners) Operation Barbarossa (Unternehmen Barbarossa) was the German codename for... The T-34 is a Soviet medium tank first produced in 1940. ... KV, kV, or kv may refer to: kilovolts, see volt Komi language ((ISO 639 alpha-2) Köchel Verzeichnis, a chronological catalogue of all the compositions of Mozart: see Ludwig von Köchel KV (Egypt), an acronym referring to tombs in the Valley of the Kings in Egypt the IATA code for...


With the appearance of the T-34, rearming the Panzer III with a more powerful L/60 50mm gun was prioritized. The ausf J and L versions had this longer gun, thicker armor, and some simplified features. These versions were available throughout 1942 and into 1943. In addition, to counter Soviet antitank rifles, in 1943 the ausf M version began the use of spaced armor skirts on the turret and hull. By then, however, the Panzer III was beginning to be relegated to secondary roles, as it was replaced as the main German medium tank by the Panzer IV and Panther. The final version, ausf N, mounted a short 75mm howitzer for use in Infantry support. The Panzerkampfwagen IV (PzKpfw IV), more commonly referred to as the Panzer IV, was a tank developed by Germany and used extensively in World War II. It was designed initially as an infantry-support medium tank, to work in conjunction with the anti-tank Pzkpfw III. Later in the war... The word Panther has several meanings: Any big cat with the condition known as melanism (causing black fur), see: Black panther Leopard Puma Jaguar Any big cat from the genus Panthera, see: Lion Tiger Leopard Jaguar Codename for Mac OS X v10. ...


The Panzer III was a good, but not outstanding, tank in terms of armor, armament and mobility. However, it was well-designed in that it had a three-man turret crew (gunner, loader and commander), leaving the commander free to concentrate on commanding the tank and maintaining situational awareness. Although other medium tanks of the time also had this feature, most tanks of the late 1930s had less than three men in the turret crew. These other tanks, which may look impressive on paper, lacked this key element of "fightability". The French Somua S-35 was a classic example of a tank that appeared to be the equal of the Panzer III on paper, with a good gun and strong armor, but with its one-man turret crew it was hopelessly outclassed by the Panzer III. The Somua S-35 was a French cavalry tank of the Second World War. ...


The Panzer III chassis was the basis for the Sturmgeschutz III assault gun, probably the most important German self-propelled gun of the war. StuG III Ausf G The Sturmgeschütz III (StuG III) assault gun was one of Germanys most produced AFVs during World War II. It was built on the chassis of the Panzer III. Initially intended as a mobile, armoured light gun for infantry support, the StuG was continually modified...


Variants

  • Panzer III Ausf A,B,C,D - pre-production models in 1937-1938. 75 produced.
  • Panzer III Ausf E,F - Production models 1939-1940. Armed with 37 mm (later 50 mm) guns. 531 produced.
  • Panzer III Ausf G - More armour on gun mantlet. Armed with 50 mm L/42 gun. 600 produced in 1940-1941.
  • Panzer III Ausf H - Minor modifications. Bolt-on armor added to front hull (30 mm + 30 mm plates). 308 produced in 1940-1941.
  • Panzer III Ausf J - The hull was lengthened. Front armor modified again (50 mm single plate). 482 produced in 1941
  • Panzer III Ausf J/1 - longer/more effective 50 mm L/60 gun. 1067 produced in late 1941 to mid 1942.
  • Panzer III Ausf L - Uparmored to 50 mm + 20 mm plates. 653 produced in 1942.
  • Panzer III Ausf M - Minor modifications, 250 produced in 1942-1943.
  • Panzer III Ausf N - Armed with a 75 mm L/24 gun. 700 re-equipped J/L/M models in 1942-1943.

1937 (MCMXXXVII) was a common year starting on Friday (link will take you to calendar). ... 1938 (MCMXXXVIII) was a common year starting on Saturday (link will take you to calendar). ... 1939 (MCMXXXIX) was a common year starting on Sunday (link will take you to calendar). ... 1940 (MCMXL) was a leap year starting on Monday (the link is to a full 1940 calendar). ... Military vehicles are commonly armoured to withstand the impact of shrapnel, bullets or shells, protecting the soldiers inside from enemy fire. ... For the movie, see 1941 (film) 1941 (MCMXLI) was a common year starting on Wednesday (the link is to a full 1941 calendar). ... This article is about the year. ... 1943 (MCMXLIII) is a common year starting on Friday. ...

Designs based on chassis

  • Tauchpanzer III - Some tanks were converted to "diving tanks" for Operation Sealion.
  • Panzerbefehlswagen III - Command tank. Heavier armor, dummy gun, and long-range radios.
  • Artillerie-Panzerbeobachtungswagen III - Forward artillery observer tank. 262 produced.
  • Flammpanzer III Ausf M/Panzer III (F1) - Flamethrower tank. 100 converted from existing Panzer III M.
  • Bergepanzer III - In 1944 most Panzer IIIs were converted to armoured recovery vehicles.
  • Sturmgeschütz III - Assault gun with 75mm StuK.

The Soviet SU-76i self-propelled gun was based on captured German Pz Kpfw III and StuG III chassis. About 1,200 of these vehicles were converted for Red Army service by adding an enclosed superstructure and ZiS-5 76.2 mm gun. Operation Sealion (Unternehmen (Undertaking) Seelöwe in German) was a World War II German plan to invade the United Kingdom. ... The Sturmgeschütz III (StuG III) assault gun was one of Germanys most produced Armored fighting vehicle during World War II. It was built on the chassis of the Panzer III tank. ... The Brummbar was a German assault gun used in World War II An assault gun is an armoured fighting vehicle similar to a tank, but typically does not have a traversable turret, and may have an open roof. ... Soviet redirects here. ... StuG III Ausf G The Sturmgeschütz III (StuG III) assault gun was one of Germanys most produced AFVs during World War II. It was built on the chassis of the Panzer III. Initially intended as a mobile, armoured light gun for infantry support, the StuG was continually modified... The short forms Red Army and RKKA refer to the Workers and Peasants Red Army, (in Russian: Рабоче-Крестьянская Красная Армия - Raboche-Krestyanskaya Krasnaya Armiya), the armed forces first organized by the Bolsheviks during the Russian Civil War in 1918. ... The F-34 76. ...


See also:

Categories: World War II tanks ...

External links

Wikimedia Commons has media related to:
Panzerkampfwagen III
  • AFV Database

Image File history File links Commons-logo. ... The Wikimedia Commons (also called Commons or Wikicommons) is a repository of free content images, sound and other multimedia files. ...

References

  • Germany's Panzerkampfwagen III, SdKfz 141. World War II Vehicles. URL accessed on June 10, 2004.
  • PzKpfw III. Achtung Panzer!. URL accessed on June 10, 2004.
  • Pz.Kpfw.III. Panzerworld. URL accessed on April 19, 2005.


June 10 is the 161st day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (162nd in leap years), with 204 days remaining. ... It has been designated the: International Year of Rice (by the United Nations) International Year to Commemorate the Struggle against Slavery and its Abolition (by UNESCO) 2004 World Health Day topic was Road Safety (by World Health Organization) Year of the Monkey (by the Chinese calendar) See the world in... June 10 is the 161st day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (162nd in leap years), with 204 days remaining. ... It has been designated the: International Year of Rice (by the United Nations) International Year to Commemorate the Struggle against Slavery and its Abolition (by UNESCO) 2004 World Health Day topic was Road Safety (by World Health Organization) Year of the Monkey (by the Chinese calendar) See the world in... April 19 is the 109th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (110th in leap years). ... 2005 (MMV) was a common year starting on Saturday of the Gregorian calendar. ...

German armored fighting vehicles of World War II
Tanks
Panzer I | Panzer II | Panzer III | Panzer IV | Panther | Tiger III | Panzer 35(t) | Panzer 38(t)
Self-propelled artillery
Wespe | Hummel | Grille | Panzerwerfer | Panzerfeldhaubitze 18M | SIG 33 | Wurfrahmen 40
Assault guns
StuG III | StuG IV | StuH 42 | Brummbär | Sturmtiger
Tank destroyers
Panzerjäger I | Marder I , II , III | Hetzer | Jagdpanzer IV | Jagdpanther | Nashorn | Jagdtiger | Elefant
Armored half-tracks Armored cars
SdKfz 4 | 250 | 251 | 252 | 253 Sdkfz 221/22/23 | Sdkfz 231/32/34/63
Self propelled anti-aircraft
Flakpanzer IV: Möbelwagen, Wirbelwind, Ostwind, Kugelblitz | Gepard
Prototypes
Maus | P-1000 Ratte | E- series | Panther II | Waffenträger | Neubaufahrzeug
Proposed designs
P-1500 'Monster' | Panzer VII 'Löwe' | Panzer IX
German armored fighting vehicle production during World War II

  Results from FactBites:
 
Panzer III - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia (1005 words)
The Panzerkampfwagen III (PzKpfw III), more commonly referred to as the Panzer III, was a tank developed in the 1930s by Nazi Germany and used extensively in World War II.
The Panzer III was used in the campaigns against Poland, France, the Soviet Union and in North Africa.
The Panzer III had a crew of five: the commander, gunner, and loader in the turret, and the driver and hull gunner/radio operator in the front of the hull.
Panzerkampfwagen III - Wikipédia (406 words)
Panzerkampfwagen III (PzKpfw III), geralmente referido como Panzer III, foi um tanque desenvolvido nos anos 30 pela Alemanha Nazi e usado intensivamente na Segunda Guerra Mundial.
A intenção de utilizar o Panzer III como o principal tanque de batalha Alemão foi largada, devido ao canhão de 50 mm não conseguir penetrar a armadura do tanque Soviético T-34, e foi assim substituído pelo Panzer IV, que conseguia carregar um canhão de 75 mm.
Panzer III Ausf L - Blindagem aumentada para 50 mm + 20 mm.
  More results at FactBites »


 

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