A parapet is a barrier at the edge of a roof or structure to prevent persons or vehicles from falling over the edge. The roofs of Olomouc, Czech Republic. ... An architectural structure is a free-standing or guy anchored manmade outdoor construction for permanent use. ...

Building parapets

Sloping roof of King's College Chapel, Cambridge showing elaborate parapets.

A building parapet consists of a dwarf wall along the edge of a roof, or round a lead flat, terrace walk, etc., to prevent people from falling over, and as a protection to the defenders in case of a siege. The word comes from the Italian parapetto and/or the French parapet, from Italian para, imperative of Italian parare (to cover, defend) and petto (breast), ultimately from the Latin pectus (breast); the Germans use the term Brustwehr (lit. chest protection), and in Norwegian brystvern which means the same, probably just a translation of the German term. Image File history File linksMetadata No higher resolution available. ... Image File history File linksMetadata No higher resolution available. ... Kings College Chapel (partially obscured by the Gibbs Building), seen from The Backs Fan vaulting diagram Kings College Chapel is the chapel to Kings College of the University of Cambridge, and is one of the finest examples of late English Gothic or Perpendicular -style. ... Old Executive Office Building, Washington D.C. Bank of China Tower, Hong Kong, China In architecture, construction, engineering and real estate development the word building may refer to one of the following: Any man-made structure used or intended for supporting or sheltering any use or continuous occupancy, or An... A brick wall A wall is a usually solid structure that defines and sometimes protects an area. ... In gardening, a terrace is an element where a raised flat paved or gravelled section overlooks a prospect. ... A siege is a military blockade of a city or fortress with the intent of conquering by force or attrition, often accompanied by an assault. ... Imperative programming, as opposed to functional programming, is a sort of programming employing side-effect as central execution feature. ...

Parapets are either plain, embattled, perforated or panelled. The last two are found in all styles except the Romanesque. It has been suggested that crenellation, crenel and merlon be merged into this article or section. ... South transept of Tournai Cathedral, Belgium, 12th century. ...

• Plain parapets are simply portions of the wall generally overhanging a little, with a coping at the top and corbel table below.
• Embattled parapets are sometimes panelled, but more often pierced for the discharge of arrows, etc.
• Perforated parapets are pierced in various devices as circles, trefoils, quatrefoils and other designs so that the light is seen through.
• Panelled parapets are those ornamented by a series of panels, either oblong or square, and more or less enriched, but not perforated. These are common in the Decorated and Perpendicular periods.

Coping (architecture) consists of the capping or covering of a wall. ... Elaborately decorated classical-style stone corbels support balconies on a building in Indianapolis. ... Traditional target arrow and replica medieval arrow. ... Circle illustration This article is about the shape and mathematical concept of circle. ... Architecture Architectural Trefoil (also a Christian symbol) Trefoil (from Latin trifolium, three-leaved plant, French trèfle, German Dreiblatt and Dreiblattbogen) is a term in Gothic architecture given to the ornamental foliation or cusping introduced in the heads of window-lights, tracery, panellings, etc. ... The word quatrefoil etymologically means four leaves, and applies to general four-lobed shapes in various contexts. ... Ornament is frequently used to denote: An element of decoration. ... In geometry, a rectangle is a defined as a quadrilateral polygon in which all four angles are right angles. ... The West Front of Exeter Cathedral The West Front of Lichfield Cathedral The Decorated Period, in architecture (also known as the Decorated Gothic, or simply Decorated) period is a historical division of English Gothic architecture. ... Winchester Cathedral Sherborne Abbey The Perpendicular Gothic period (or simply Perpendicular) is the third historical division of English Gothic architecture, and is so-called because it is characterised by an emphasis on vertical lines; it is also known as the Rectilinear style, or Late Gothic. ...

Parapet roofs

A pub with a parapet hiding the sloping roof

Parapets surrounding roofs are extremely common in London. This dates from the Building Act of 1707 which banned projecting wooden eaves in the cities of Westminster and London as they were considered a fire risk. Instead an 18-inch brick parapet was required, with the roof set behind. This was continued in many Georgian houses, as it gave the appearance of a flat roof which accorded with the desire for classical proportions. Image File history File links Download high resolution version (535x640, 195 KB) Summary Barley Mow pub, Rivington Street, Shoreditch, Hackney. ... Image File history File links Download high resolution version (535x640, 195 KB) Summary Barley Mow pub, Rivington Street, Shoreditch, Hackney. ... This article is about the capital of England and the United Kingdom. ... Events January 1 - John V is crowned King of Portugal March 26 - The Acts of Union becomes law, making the separate Kingdoms of England and Scotland into one country, the Kingdom of Great Britain. ... The City of Westminster is a borough of London, England with city status. ... Motto: Domine dirige nos Latin: Lord, guide us Shown within Greater London Sovereign state Constituent country Region Greater London Status City and Ceremonial County Admin HQ Guildhall Government  - Leadership see text  - Mayor John Stuttard  - MP Mark Field  - London Assembly John Biggs Area  - City  1. ...

Bridge parapets

Parapets are used on bridges and other highway structures (such as retaining walls) to prevent vehicles, and other users such as pedestrians, cyclists and horse riders, from falling where there is a vertical or near-vertical drop. In addition, parapets may be designed to restrict views, prevent debris passing onto traffic below, and act as noise barriers. This article or section does not cite any references or sources. ... Structure in the foreground is called a mud box, a type of retaining wall built to hold flood waters in check. ... The Trikke is a Human Powered Vehicle (HPV) Automobiles are among the most commonly used engine powered vehicles. ... Look up Pedestrian in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ... The sound tube in Melbourne, Australia, designed to reduce roadway noise without detracting from the areas aesthetics. ...

Bridge parapets may be made from any material, but structural steel, aluminium, timber and reinforced concrete are common. They may be of solid or framed construction. Structural steel is steel construction material, a profile, formed with a specific shape or cross section and certain standards of chemical composition and strength. ... Aluminum redirects here. ... Timber in storage for later processing at a sawmill Timber is a term used to describe wood, either standing or that has been processed for use—from the time trees are felled, to its end product as a material suitable for industrial use—as structural material for construction or wood... Reinforced concrete at Sainte Jeanne dArc Church (Nice, France): architect Jacques Dror, 1926–1933 Reinforced concrete, also called ferroconcrete in some countries, is concrete in which reinforcement bars (rebars) or fibers have been incorporated to strengthen a material that would otherwise be brittle. ...

In European standards, parapets are defined as a sub-category of "vehicle restraint systems" or "pedestrian restraint systems". CEN, the European Committee for Standardization, was founded in 1961 by the national standard bodies in the European Economic Community and EFTA countries. ...

References

• This article incorporates text from the Encyclopædia Britannica Eleventh Edition, a publication now in the public domain.

Encyclopædia Britannica, the eleventh edition The Encyclopædia Britannica Eleventh Edition (1910–1911) is perhaps the most famous edition of the Encyclopædia Britannica. ... The public domain comprises the body of all creative works and other knowledge—writing, artwork, music, science, inventions, and others—in which no person or organization has any proprietary interest. ...

See also

• Breastwork

A Breastwork is a fortification. ...

External links

Look up Parapet in
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