A parasomnia is any sleep disorder such as sleepwalking, sleepeating, sleep sex, teeth grinding, night terrors, rhythmic movement disorder, REM behaviour disorder, restless leg syndrome, and somniloquy (or sleep talking), characterized by partial arousals during sleep or during transitions between wakefulness and sleep. Parasomnias are often associated with stress and depression, and biological factors may also be involved. Many parasomnias are more common in children than in adults. The International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems (most commonly known by the abbreviation ICD) provides codes to classify diseases and a wide variety of signs, symptoms, abnormal findings, complaints, social circumstances and external causes of injury or disease. ... The following codes are used with International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems. ... The International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems (most commonly known by the abbreviation ICD) provides codes to classify diseases and a wide variety of signs, symptoms, abnormal findings, complaints, social circumstances and external causes of injury or disease. ... The following is a list of codes for International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems. ... Sleepwalking (also called noctambulism or somnambulism), under the larger category of parasomnias, is a sleep disorder where the sufferer engages in activities that are normally associated with wakefulness while asleep or in a sleeplike state. ... Sleepeating or Nocturnal Eating Syndrome is a parasomnia where people experience recurrent episodes of eating during their sleep, without being aware of it. ... Sleep sex, a. ... Bruxism [derived from Greek βρυγμός (brugmós), gnashing of teeth] is grinding of the teeth. ... A night terror, also known as sleep terror or pavor nocturnus, is a parasomnia sleep disorder characterized by extreme terror and a temporary inability to regain full consciousness. ... Rhythmic Movement Disorder, also referred to as jactatio capitis nocturna, is a condition characterized by repetitive banging or rocking motions just before and during light sleep. ... Rapid eye movement behavior disorder or REM behavior disorder (RBD) is a sleep disorder in which sleep paralysis, which normally disables the voluntary muscles during REM sleep, fails to occur. ... Wittmaack-Ekbom or restless legs syndrome is a disorder of the nervous system that affects sensation and movement in the legs and causes the limbs to feel uncomfortable. ... somniloquy or Sleep talking is a parasomnia that refers to talking out loud in ones sleep. ... Sleep is the state of natural rest observed in most mammals, birds, fish, as well as invertebrates such as the fruitfly Drosophila. ... In medical terms, stress is a physical or psychological stimulus that can produce mental or physiological reactions that may lead to illness. ... Clinical depression (also called major depressive disorder, or sometimes unipolar when compared with bipolar disorder, which is sometimes called manic depression) is a state of intense sadness, melancholia or despair that has advanced to the point of being disruptive to an individuals social functioning and/or activities of daily...

Unlike dyssomnias, parasomnias do not involve abnormalities of the mechanisms generating sleep-wake states, nor of the timing of sleep and wakefulness. Rather, parasomnias represent the activation of physiological systems at inappropriate times during the sleep-wake cycle. In particular, these disorders involve activation of the autonomic nervous system, motor system, or cognitive processes during sleep or sleep-wake transitions. Dyssomnias are a broad classification of sleeping disorder that make it difficult to get to sleep, or to stay sleeping. ...

Many parasomnias, such as sleepwalking, have serious risks. For example, a person with REM behavior disorder, while trying to swing a tennis racket in a dream, can potentially injure their bedmate. People with night terrors can prevent others from sleeping well, as well as waking themselves up. For these reasons, parasomniacs sometimes need medical treatment. Squash racquet and ball Racquetball racquet and ball Tennis racquets and balls A racquet (or racket) is a sports implement consisting of a handled frame with an open hoop across which a network of cord is stretched. ...

See also

• Insomnia
• Jactatio capitas nocturna
• Sleepwalking
• Sleepeating
• Bruxism
• Nightmare disorder
• Dyssomnia
• Sleep apnea

This article is about the sleeping disorder. ... Jactatio capitis nocturna (commonly referred to as head-banging) is a parasomnia. ... Sleepwalking (also called noctambulism or somnambulism), under the larger category of parasomnias, is a sleep disorder where the sufferer engages in activities that are normally associated with wakefulness while asleep or in a sleeplike state. ... Sleepeating or Nocturnal Eating Syndrome is a parasomnia where people experience recurrent episodes of eating during their sleep, without being aware of it. ... Bruxism [derived from Greek βρυγμός (brugmós), gnashing of teeth] is grinding of the teeth. ... Nightmare disorder is a disorder characterized by frequent awakening from nightmares with a vivid remembrance of the dream. ... Dyssomnias are a broad classification of sleeping disorder that make it difficult to get to sleep, or to stay sleeping. ... Sleep apnea or sleep apnoea is a sleep disorder characterized by pauses in breathing during sleep. ...

External links

• Stanford
• eMedicine
• Primary Sleep Disorders: Parasomnias
• Psychnet UK
• Insomnia vs. Parasomnia