Paronychia
Classification & external resources

ICD-10	L03.0
ICD-9	xxx
DiseasesDB	9663
MedlinePlus	001444
eMedicine	derm/798

The nail disease paronychia (commonly known as felon or whitlow) is an often tender bacterial or fungal infection where the nail and skin meet at the side or the base of a finger or toenail. It can start suddenly (acute paronychia) or gradually (chronic paronychia). Species 110+, see text Paronychia is a genus of plants in the pink family with over 110 species worldwide, mostly from warm-temperate North America, Eurasia, South America and Africa. ... Image File history File links Metadata Size of this preview: 600 × 600 pixelsFull resolution (800 × 800 pixel, file size: 92 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) File historyClick on a date/time to view the file as it appeared at that time. ... The International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems (most commonly known by the abbreviation ICD) provides codes to classify diseases and a wide variety of signs, symptoms, abnormal findings, complaints, social circumstances and external causes of injury or disease. ... The International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems 10th Revision (ICD-10) is a coding of diseases and signs, symptoms, abnormal findings, complaints, social circumstances and external causes of injury or diseases, as classified by the World Health Organization (WHO). ... The International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems (most commonly known by the abbreviation ICD) provides codes to classify diseases and a wide variety of signs, symptoms, abnormal findings, complaints, social circumstances and external causes of injury or disease. ... The following is a list of codes for International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems. ... The Disease Bold textDatabase is a free website that provides information about the relationships between medical conditions, symptoms, and medications. ... MedlinePlus (medlineplus. ... eMedicine is an online clinical medical knowledge base that was founded in 1996. ... Nail diseases are in a separate category from diseases of the skin. ... This article does not cite any references or sources. ... A toenail is the nail found on a toe. ...

Description

The cuticle acts as a protective seal, but if it is damaged in any way then pathogens are able to enter the skin and cause infection. Despite the small area affected these infections can be extremely painful as the skin becomes inflamed, hot, red, and throbs continually. Pus is usually present, along with gradual thickening and browning discoloration of the nail plate. If a large amount of pus has collected, then it may be necessary to make a small cut in the skin (sometimes under local anaesthetic) to release it.^[1] Eponychium is the anatomical term for the human cuticle In biology, the term cuticle or cuticula is given to to a variety of tough but flexible, non-mineral outer coverings of an organism, or part of an organism, that provide prtoection. ... A pathogen (literally birth of pain from the Greek παθογένεια) is a biological agent that can cause disease to its host. ... Beyond overall skin structure, refer below to: See-also. ... Inflammation is the first response of the immune system to infection or irritation and may be referred to as the innate cascade. ... Pus is a whitish-yellow or yellow substance produced during inflammatory responses of the body that can be found in regions of pyogenic bacterial infections. ... Pus is a whitish-yellow or yellow substance produced during inflammatory responses of the body that can be found in regions of pyogenic bacterial infections. ... A local anesthetic is a drug that reversibly inhibits the propagation of signals along nerves. ...

Acute paronychia is usually caused by bacteria. This is often treated with antibiotics, sometimes as a cream, other times orally. Chronic paronychia is most often caused by a yeast infection of the soft tissues around the nail but can also be traced to a bacterial infection. If the infection goes on and on then a fungal infection is often the cause and this needs anti-fungal cream or paint to treat it. An antibiotic is a drug that kills or slows the growth of bacteria. ... Candidiasis, commonly called yeast infection or thrush, is a fungal infection of any of the Candida species, of which Candida albicans is probably the most common. ... toes infection brown with white markings ...

Most often it is trauma to the cuticle that allows infection in. Biting or picking at the cuticle, damage through work and overenthusiastic manicuring are the usual culprits. Individuals who work with their hands in water, such as health care workers and food processors, are quite prone to the fungal type of infection. Excess water weakens the seal and soaps or detergents will remove the protective skin oils, leaving the skin dry and more liable to split. Long, manicured nails are a fashion statement. ... This article is about a common cleaning mixture. ... A detergent is a compound, or a mixture of compounds, intended to assist cleaning. ...

If someone has a cold sore and puts their finger in their mouth then a herpes infection whitlow may appear. Herpes whitlows are frequently found among dentists and dental hygienists.^[2] Prosector's paronychia is a primary inoculation of tuberculosis of the skin and nails, named after its association with prosectors, who prepare specimens for dissection. Paronychia around the entire nail is sometimes referred to as runaround paronychia. The Herpes simplex virus infection (common names: herpes, cold sores) is a common, contagious, incurable, and in some cases sexually transmitted disease caused by a double-stranded DNA virus. ... ... Tuberculosis (abbreviated as TB for tubercle bacillus or TuBerculosis) is a common and deadly infectious disease caused by mycobacteria, mainly Mycobacterium tuberculosis. ... Prosector and physician in a dissection. ...

Painful paronychia in association with a scaly, erathematous, keratotic rash (papules and plaques) of the ears, nose, fingers, and toes, may be indicative of acrokeratosis paraneoplasticus, which is associated with squameous cell carcinoma of the larynx. The skin syndrome generally precedes the diagnosis of the cancer by 21 months. need reference

References

1. ^ Lewis, M.A., "Herpes simplex virus: an occupational hazard in dentistry." International Dental Journal, vol. 54, no. 2 (April 2004), pp. 103–111.
2. ^ Jacobs, J.R., "Pathophysiology and Management of Paronychia." collegehealth-e, Issue 3 (June-July 2006), pp. 10–12. (PDF)

External links

• Paronychia Nail Infection. Dermatologic Disease Database. American Osteopathic College of Dermatology. Retrieved on 2006-07-12.