Parclo A4 Interchange

Parclo B2 Interchange (folded diamond)

Parclo AB3 Interchange (hybrid)

The parclo interchange (a portmanteau of partial cloverleaf interchange) is a successor to the cloverleaf interchange. The parclo interchange was developed by the Ontario Ministry of Transportation as a replacement for the cloverleaf on 400-Series Highways^{[citation needed]}, removing the dangerous weaving patterns and allowing for more acceleration and deceleration space on the freeway. The design has been well received, and has since become one of the most popular freeway-to-arterial interchange designs in North America. It has also been used occasionally in some European countries, such as Germany and The Netherlands. I, the creator of this image, hereby release it into the public domain. ... I, the creator of this image, hereby release it into the public domain. ... I, the creator of this image, hereby release it into the public domain. ... I, the creator of this image, hereby release it into the public domain. ... I, the creator of this image, hereby release it into the public domain. ... I, the creator of this image, hereby release it into the public domain. ... In the field of road transport, a road junction is a place where two or more roads either meet or cross. ... A portmanteau (IPA pronunciation: ) is a word or morpheme which fuses two or more words or parts of words to give a combined or loaded meaning. ... A cloverleaf interchange is a two-level interchange in which right turns (in countries that drive on the left) are handled by loop ramps. ... Ministry of Transportation Headquarters in St. ... The 400-series Highway network in Southern Ontario. ... High-capacity freeway interchange in Los Angeles, California. ... For specific systems, such as the Autobahns of Germany, see list of highway systems with full control of access and no cross traffic. ... An arterial road is a high-capacity road which is just below a highway level of service. ... In the field of road transport, a road junction is a place where two or more roads either meet or cross. ... World map showing the location of Europe. ... Motto: Je Maintiendrai (Dutch: Ik zal handhaven, English: I Shall Uphold) Anthem: Wilhelmus van Nassouwe Capital Amsterdam1 Largest city Amsterdam Official language(s) Dutch2 Government Parliamentary democracy Constitutional monarchy  - Queen Beatrix  - Prime minister Jan Peter Balkenende Independence Eighty Years War   - Declared July 26, 1581   - Recognised January 30, 1648 (by Spain...

Naming

In Ontario, the specific variation is identified by a letter/number suffix after the name. Other jurisdictions do not have naming conventions, so Ontario's are used in this article. The letter A designates that two ramps each are in the upper left and lower right of the arterial crossing, while B designates the opposite. The number designates how many quadrants of the interchange contain ramps. In left-hand drive countries, the designations are reversed. Common parclo configurations include the Parclo A2, Parclo B2 and Parclo A4. Motto: Ut Incepit Fidelis Sic Permanet (Latin: Loyal she began, loyal she remains) Capital Toronto Largest city Toronto Official languages English Government - Lieutenant-Governor James K. Bartleman - Premier Dalton McGuinty (Liberal) Federal representation in Canadian Parliament - House seats 106 - Senate seats 24 Confederation July 1, 1867 (1st) Area [1] Ranked...

Parclo A2 and B2

The Parclo A2 and B2 are commonly used on rural freeways such as the Highway 402 and Highway 416, where the ramps can be added without widening the street overpass/underpass to include deceleration lanes (normally needed on the A4 in order to safely enter the loop ramps that lead to the freeway). The Parclo A2 and B2 ramps are also usually longer and allow for higher speeds than their A4 counterparts because of rural land availability. It is possible to upgrade an A2 to an A4 by adding directional ramps, serving arterial-to-freeway traffic that would otherwise be forced to make a left turn to enter the loop ramps. Highway 402 as part of the 400-series network Highway 402 is a 400-Series Highway in southwestern Ontario, Canada that runs 103 km (64 miles) from the Blue Water Bridge in Point Edward (a suburb of Sarnia) and Highway 401 in London. ... Highway 416 as part of the 400-series network Highway 416, named the Veterans Memorial Highway, is a 400-Series Highway in eastern Ontario that provides connection between Highway 417 in Ottawa and Highway 401 near Prescott. ...

Parclo A4

The Parclo A-4 contains 6 ramps. On each side on the freeway, there is an (often multi-lane) exit ramp, followed by a loop ramp and directional ramp entering the freeway. The Parclo A4 is one of the most popular designs, as all movements from the arterial road to the entrance ramps are made by right-hand turns, providing for a safer entrance to the freeway by eliminating left-hand turns into opposing traffic (which require queues waiting to make such turns). This also makes logical sense since freeways have a higher capacity than arterials and right-turn ramps serve effectively to absorb capacity and reduce traffic on the arterial. Traffic exiting the freeway to the arterial road is also provided with a long, relatively straight exit ramp, preventing most speed-related rollovers. These exit ramps are also frequently multi-laned to accommodate traffic turning left, right, or going straight ahead in some cases. Traffic signals are commonly installed at the end of the exit ramp to regulate the freeway traffic flowing onto the arterial. The Parclo A4 is particularly well-suited to suburban areas with high traffic levels; Ontario freeways built in the Greater Toronto Area since the 1970s such as Highway 403, Highway 404, and Highway 410 use this design at almost all individual junctions except where land conditions do not permit it. The first freeway constructed in the GTA thirty years later, Highway 407, still retains the Parclo A4 interchanges wherever possible. A map of Torontos Census Metropolitan Area, which contains a large portion of the Greater Toronto Area. ... Highway 403 as part of the 400-series network Highway 403 is a 400-Series Highway in Ontario, Canada that extends 126 km (78. ... Southbound on Highway 404, near the interchange with Steeles Avenue (Showing The New HOV lanes). ... Highway 410 is a 400-Series Highway in Ontario, Canada that connects Highway 401 and Highway 403 to Torontos northern suburbs, specifically Brampton and Caledon. ... Highway 407, officially called the 407 Express Toll Route (ETR), is a tollway located in southern Ontario Canadas Greater Toronto Area. ...

Parclo B4

The Parclo B4 interchange, while superficially appearing to be a mirror image of the Parclo A4, is uncommon; the only examples in Ontario are the Highway 402/Highway 40 interchange in Sarnia, the interchange at Lauzon Pkwy and the E. C. Row Expressway in Windsor, and the Highway 17/Municipal Road 55 interchange in Sudbury, while three exist in British Columbia. In addition, the Solomon Pond Road interchange on I-290 in Northborough, Massachusetts was converted from a B2 interchange to a B4 interchange in the mid-1990s with the construction of the Solomon Pond Mall. The US 83 interchange on I-80 in North Platte, Nebraska has also recently been upgraded to a B4 from a diamond. The B4 design provides freeway-to-arterial ramps without traffic lights, which is undesirable due to a lower capacity arterial being potentially flooded with freeway traffic. Entering the freeway often requires a left-hand turn lane. Motto: Ut Incepit Fidelis Sic Permanet (Latin: Loyal she began, loyal she remains) Capital Toronto Largest city Toronto Official languages English Government - Lieutenant-Governor James K. Bartleman - Premier Dalton McGuinty (Liberal) Federal representation in Canadian Parliament - House seats 106 - Senate seats 24 Confederation July 1, 1867 (1st) Area [1] Ranked... Highway 402 as part of the 400-series network Highway 402 is a 400-Series Highway in southwestern Ontario, Canada that runs 103 km (64 miles) from the Blue Water Bridge in Point Edward (a suburb of Sarnia) and Highway 401 in London. ... Highway 40 is the main North-South Provincial highway in Southwestern Ontario, linking Chatham, Ontario to Sarnia, Ontario. ... Sarnia is a city in Southwestern Ontario, Canada (city population 71,419, census area population 88,793, in 2006). ... The E C Row Expressway is an isolated freeway serving the central portion of Windsor, Ontario, Canada. ... Highway 17 is a route of the Trans-Canada Highway through Ontario, Canada. ... Municipal road signage in Greater Sudbury. ... Greater Sudbury (2001 census population 155,219) is a city in Northern Ontario. ... Motto: Splendor Sine Occasu (Latin: Splendour without diminishment) Capital Victoria Largest city Vancouver Official languages English Government - Lieutenant-Governor Iona Campagnolo - Premier Gordon Campbell (BC Liberal) Federal representation in Canadian Parliament - House seats 36 - Senate seats 6 Confederation July 20, 1871 (6th province) Area Ranked 4th - Total 944,735 km... Massachusetts I-290 runs for 20 miles from Auburn, Massachusetts to Marlborough, Massachusetts. ... Northborough is a town in Worcester County, Massachusetts, United States. ... Official language(s) English Capital Boston Largest city Boston Area  Ranked 44th  - Total 10,555 sq mi (27,360 km²)  - Width 183 miles (295 km)  - Length 113 miles (182 km)  - % water 13. ... The Solomon Pond Mall is operated by Melvin Simon and Associates and is located off of Interstate 290, near its terminus at Interstate 495, in Marlborough, Massachusetts. ... United States Highway 83 is one of the longest north-south highways in the United States, at 1885 miles. ... Interstate 80 as seen from an overpass in Davis, California Interstate 80 is the second-longest interstate highway in the United States. ... Grain elevator along the Union Pacific Railroad in downtown North Platte North Platte is a small city located in Lincoln County in southwestern Nebraska on I-80 where the South Platte River and the North Platte River join to form the Platte River. ... Official language(s) English Capital Lincoln Largest city Omaha Largest metro area Omaha Area  Ranked 16th  - Total 77,421 sq mi (200,520 km²)  - Width 210 miles (340 km)  - Length 430 miles (690 km)  - % water 0. ... A typical diamond interchange A diamond interchange is a common type of road junction. ...

Other Parclos

Parclo designs with only two quadrants are commonly referred to as folded diamonds, due to their similarity with diamond interchanges. Sometimes the ramps in a folded diamond are actually local streets; surface roads upgraded to higher standards often do this to save money on land acquisition. This type of interchange long predates the Parclo; the Merritt Parkway and Queen Elizabeth Way, both built in the 1930s, used mainly folded diamonds and cloverleaves. A typical diamond interchange A diamond interchange is a common type of road junction. ... Merritt Parkway in autumn. ... The Queen Elizabeth Way (commonly referred to as the QEW, Q, QE, or Queen-E) is a vital 400-Series freeway in Ontario, Canada. ... A cloverleaf interchange is a two-level interchange in which right turns (in countries that drive on the left) are handled by loop ramps. ...

Depending on traffic and land needs, hybrid designs, such as the Parclo AB and Parclo A3, can be created. Other variants, not describable using Ontario's system, eliminate one or more outside ramps, while leaving the loop ramps in those quadrants. In the United States, folded diamonds are frequently used in interchanges with roads that have a railroad line closely paralleling the surface street; entrance/exit ramps are not permitted to have level crossings in modern American practice. This is the top-level page of WikiProject trains Rail tracks Rail transport refers to the land transport of passengers and goods along railways or railroads. ... The term level crossing (also called a railroad crossing, railway crossing, train crossing or grade crossing) is a crossing on one level (at-grade intersection) — without recourse to a bridge or tunnel — of a railway line by a road, path, or another railroad. ...

Implementation

A Autobahn Parclo Interchange variation in Germany.

In California, Caltrans currently has a policy that whenever cloverleaf interchanges between freeways and surface streets are being rebuilt to handle higher traffic loads, they will be turned into parclo interchanges by removing some of the loop ramps (or in rare cases bridges will be added between adjacent loop ramps — see cloverleaf interchange for details). However, as for cloverleaf interchanges between freeways, they are being unwound into partial stack interchanges or made safer with slip ramps as funds permit. Ontario has a similar policy, having upgraded many full cloverleaf interchanges to six-ramp parclos in the 1990s. Image File history File linksMetadata Size of this preview: 800 × 533 pixelsFull resolution (1536 × 1024 pixel, file size: 392 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) Foto by Softeis June 2005 File history Legend: (cur) = this is the current file, (del) = delete this old version, (rev) = revert to this old version. ... Image File history File linksMetadata Size of this preview: 800 × 533 pixelsFull resolution (1536 × 1024 pixel, file size: 392 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) Foto by Softeis June 2005 File history Legend: (cur) = this is the current file, (del) = delete this old version, (rev) = revert to this old version. ... It has been suggested that German Autobahns be merged into this article or section. ... Official language(s) English Capital Sacramento Largest city Los Angeles Area  Ranked 3rd  - Total 158,302 sq mi (410,000 km²)  - Width 250 miles (400 km)  - Length 770 miles (1,240 km)  - % water 4. ... Caltrans logo The soaring ramps in the stack interchanges favored by Caltrans often provide stunning views. ... A cloverleaf interchange is a two-level interchange in which right turns (in countries that drive on the left) are handled by loop ramps. ... A stack interchange is a free-flowing junction between two or more roads that allows turning in all directions. ...

Various forms of parclo interchanges are used in the Philippines' North Luzon Expressway: a recently-modernized tollway. The configuration of parclo interchanges (particularly those of the "folded diamond" type) allows for the consolidation of toll barriers at points where onramps and offramps run alongside each other. A single large barrier can serve each onramp/offramp pair simultaneously, reducing construction and operation expenses. A four-lane section of the expressway, this was taken in Valenzuela City. ... A toll road, turnpike or tollpike is a road on which a toll authority collects a fee for use. ...

A "cloverleaf-stack" or "clover-stack" (also known as a partial stack or hybrid parclo/stack) is a three level freeway-to-freeway interchange which mostly resembles the Parclo A4, but adds third-level flyover ramps to eliminate the need for left turns (in a right-hand traffic (RHT) system). Though having lower capacity than a four-level stack interchange, clover-stacks can be constructed significantly cheaper and also require less land. Alternatively, clover-stacks are formerly cloverleaf interchanges with two loop ramps (typically diagonal from each other) replaced with flyover ramps. A stack interchange is a free-flowing junction between two or more roads that allows turning in all directions. ... The references in this article would be clearer with a different and/or consistent style of citation, footnoting or external linking. ... Cloverleaf may refer to: a highway cloverleaf interchange the leaf of a clover plant This is a disambiguation page — a navigational aid which lists other pages that might otherwise share the same title. ...