Participatory democracy is a broadly inclusive term for many kinds of consultative decision making which require consultation on important decisions by those who will carry out the decision. This is a list of politics articles available for every country. ... The examples and perspective in this article may not represent a worldwide view. ... Political science is a social science discipline that deals with the theory and practice of politics and the description and analysis of political systems and political behavior. ... Political philosophy is the study of the fundamental questions about the state, government, politics, property, law and the enforcement of a legal code by authority: what they are, why they are needed, what makes a government legitimate, what rights and freedoms it should protect and why, what form it should... An ideology is a collection of ideas. ... The history of democracy traces back from its origins in prehistoric times to its reemergance from the 17th century to the present day. ... Direct democracy comprises a form of democracy and theory of civics wherein sovereignty was lodged in the assembly of all citizens. ... Representative democracy is a form of democracy and theory of civics in which voters choose (in free, secret, multi-party elections) representatives to act in their interests, but not as their proxies—i. ... Soviet Democracy is a form of democracy in which workers elect representatives in the organs of power called Soviets (councils). ... Liberal democracy is a form of representative democracy where the ability of elected representatives to exercise decision-making power is subject to the rule of law and moderated by a constitution which emphasizes the protection of the rights and freedoms of individuals and minorities (also called constitutional democracy and constitutional... A referendum (plural: referendums or referenda) or plebiscite is a direct vote in which an entire electorate is asked to either accept or reject a particular proposal. ... The Elections and Parties Series Democracy Liberal democracy History of democracy Representative democracy Representation Voting Voting systems Elections Elections by country Elections by calender Electoral systems Politics Politics by country Political campaigns Political science Political philosophy Related topics Political parties Parties by country Parties by name Parties by ideology Representative... Voting is a method of decision making wherein a group such as a meeting or an electorate attempts to gauge its opinion—usually as a final step following discussions or debates. ... Announcement of elections in Brunate (near Como), Italy A voting system is a process that allows a group of individuals to choose between a number of options, and determines the preferred or winning option based on the number of votes each option receives. ... An election is a decision making process whereby people vote for preferred political candidates or parties to act as representatives in government. ... Elections by country gives information on elections. ... This electoral calendar lists the national/federal direct elections in the countries listed in the list of countries. ... A political party is an organization that seeks to attain political power within a government, usually by participating in electoral campaigns. ... This article is 200KB or more in size. ... Welcome to the index of political parties, an alphabetical list of (mainly) present-day political parties listed in the list of political parties. ... This is a list of political parties around the world by ideology. ... This is an overview of the ideologies of parties. ... Decision making is the cognitive process of selecting a course of action from among multiple alternatives. ...

These methods have become increasingly important in online collaboration, resulting in parallel growth of e-democracy and use of participatory methods in workplaces. E-democracy (a neologism and contraction of electronic democracy) is the utilization of electronic communications technologies, such as the Internet, in enhancing democratic processes within a democratic republic or representative democracy. ... Workplace democracy is the application of democracy in all its forms (including voting systems, debates, democratic structuring, due process, adversarial process, systems of appeal, and so on) to the workplace. ...

political variants

Its political variants include:

• Anticipatory democracy
• Consensus democracy
• Deliberative democracy
• Direct Access Democracy
• Direct democracy
• Non-partisan democracy

Representative democracy is not generally considered participatory. Bioregional democracy often is, but that is not necessary to its definition. Grassroots democracy is an alternative term that has actually been used to imply almost any combination of the above. Anticipatory democracy is a theory of civics relying on democratic decision making that takes into account predictions of future events that have some credibility with the electorate. ... Consensus democracy is the application of consensus decision making to the process of legislation. ... Deliberative democracy, also sometimes called discursive democracy, is a term used by political theorists, e. ... Direct Access Democracy is a phrase coined to describe a participatory democracy subset. ... Direct democracy comprises a form of democracy and theory of civics wherein sovereignty was lodged in the assembly of all citizens. ... Non-partisan democracy (also no-party democracy) is a system of representative government or organization such that universal and periodic elections (by secret ballot) take place without reference to political parties or even the speeches, campaigns, nominations, or other apparatus commonly associated with democracy. ... Representative democracy is a form of democracy and theory of civics in which voters choose (in free, secret, multi-party elections) representatives to act in their interests, but not as their proxies—i. ... Bioregional democracy (or the Bioregional State) is a set of electoral reforms designed to force the political process in a democracy to better represent concerns about the economy, the body, and environmental concerns (e. ... Grassroots democracy is a tendency towards designing political processes where as much decision-making authority as is practical to the organizations lowest geographic level of organization. ...

Participatory politics or Parpolity is a long-range political theory that also incorporates many of the above and strives to create a political system that will allow people to participate in politics, as much as possible in a face-to-face manner. Parpolity or Participatory Politics is a theoritical political system proposed by Stephen R. Shalom, professor of political science at William Patterson University in New Jersey. ... Parpolity or Participatory Politics is a theoritical political system proposed by Stephen R. Shalom, professor of political science at William Patterson University in New Jersey. ...

green view

All theories of green politics include some variant of participatory methods. In these theories, of which the best known is the Four Pillars of the Green Party, making consultation on important decisions by those who will carry it out reduces the probability of a decision that seriously disadvantages one group (reducing social justice) or of violent resistance (breaking nonviolence). Expressing ecological wisdom in law, for instance, is not likely to be respected unless the persons who live near protected ecosystems help to carry out the decision on a daily basis. Efforts to redefine green politics to exclude the participatory and consensus decision making methods have historically failed. See David Scrymgeour and Jim Harris for examples of recent failures. Green politics is a body of political ideas informed by environmentalism aimed at developing a sustainable society. ... The worldwide green parties are committed to the following Four Pillars: Ecology (sometimes Ecological Wisdom or Ecological Sustainability) Social Justice (sometimes Social Equality and Economic Justice) Grassroots Democracy Non-Violence In German, they are known as Die Grünen: ökologisch, sozial, basisdemokratisch, gewaltfrei. ... Social Justice is a concept that has fascinated philosophers ever since Plato rebuked the young Sophist, Thrasymachus, for asserting that justice was whatever the strongest decided it would be. ... Nonviolence (or non-violence) is a set of assumptions about morality, power and conflict that leads its proponents to reject the use of violence in efforts to attain social or political goals. ... The term ecological wisdom, or ecosophy, is a philosophy of ecological harmony or equilibrium. ... Consensus decision-making is a decision process that not only seeks the agreement of most participants, but also to resolve or mitigate the objections of the minority to achieve the most agreeable decision. ... David Scrymgeour is a controversial Canadian political advisor. ... More than one notable individuals have been named Jim Harris: Jim Harris is the leader of the Green Party of Canada. ...

workplace variants

Workplace democracy is an application of methods generally used in politics in the economic enterprise, including the election or hiring of management by workers. These methods are inherently participatory since the daily work is being carried out by the people who have made the decision, who bear its consequences. Workplace democracy is the application of democracy in all its forms (including voting systems, debates, democratic structuring, due process, adversarial process, systems of appeal, and so on) to the workplace. ...

See also

• List of politics-related topics

• E-democracy
• Internet democracy
• Industrial Workers of the World

The Elections and Parties Series Democracy Liberal democracy History of democracy Referenda Representative democracy Representation Voting Voting systems Elections Elections by country Elections by calender Electoral systems Politics Politics by country Political campaigns Political science Political philosophy Related topics Political parties Parties by country Parties by name Parties by ideology... E-democracy (a neologism and contraction of electronic democracy) is the utilization of electronic communications technologies, such as the Internet, in enhancing democratic processes within a democratic republic or representative democracy. ... Internet democracy is a derivative term for e-democracy (electronic democracy), especially related to projects and concepts centered on using the Internet (and not other electronic communications technologies like short message services or teletext) for deliberative and participatory aims. ... The Industrial Workers of the World (IWW or the Wobblies) is an international union headquartered in Cincinnati, Ohio, USA. It contends that all workers should be united within a single union as a class and the wage system abolished. ...

External links

• Beyond Plutocracy — Free online book: "Beyond Plutocracy - Direct Democracy for America" by Roger Rothenberger.
• Conference: Participatory democracy: current situation and opportunities provided by the European Constitution
• EESC conference on Participatory democracy
• Direct Access Democracy — the superimposition of direct democracy elements onto the representative system.
• Voting methods resource page Includes a proposal for participatory democracy by means of a delegable proxy system.
• Online participatory democracy
• Articles on democracy