The Partition of Ireland took place in May 1921, following the enactment in December 1920 of the Government of Ireland Act 1920, and was accepted in the ratification of the Anglo-Irish Treaty in January 1922 that ended the Anglo-Irish War and the union of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland. Year 1921 (MCMXXI) was a common year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar). ... An Act to Provide for the Better Government of Ireland, more usually the Government of Ireland Act, 1920 (this is its official short title; the formal citation is 10 & 11 Geo. ... Ratification is the act of giving official sanction to a formal document such as a treaty or constitution. ... Signature page of the Anglo-Irish Treaty The Anglo-Irish Treaty, officially called the Articles of Agreement for a Treaty Between Great Britain and Ireland, was a treaty between the Government of the United Kingdom and representatives of the extra-judicial Irish Republic that concluded the Irish War of Independence. ... An Irish War of Independence memorial in Dublin The Anglo-Irish War (also known as the Irish War of Independence) was a guerrilla campaign mounted against the British government in Ireland by the Irish Republican Army under the proclaimed legitimacy of the First Dáil, the extra-legal Irish parliament... This article is about the historical state called the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland (1801–1927). ...

The partition created two territories on the island of Ireland: Northern Ireland, which remained part of the United Kingdom, and the Irish Free State, which was at that stage a Crown Dominion, later to become a republic. Partition in political science refer to a change of political borders cutting through at least one community’s homeland. ... Northern Ireland (Irish: , Ulster Scots: Norlin Airlann) is a constituent country of the United Kingdom lying in the northeast of the island of Ireland, covering 5,459 square miles (14,139 km², about a sixth of the islands total area). ... This article is about the prior state. ... This article is about Dominions of the British Empire and of the Commonwealth of Nations. ... Look up republic in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ...

Background 1914-22

Main articles: Anglo-Irish War, Anglo-Irish Treaty, Southern Ireland, Irish Free State, and Irish Republic

The Government of Ireland Act 1914 reached the statute books with Royal Assent in September 1914 but was never implemented due to the outbreak of World War I. Originally intended to grant home rule to the entire island of Ireland as a single jurisdiction, the final version as enacted in 1914 envisaged that six northern counties would continue to be ruled from London for an undefined period. An Irish War of Independence memorial in Dublin The Anglo-Irish War (also known as the Irish War of Independence) was a guerrilla campaign mounted against the British government in Ireland by the Irish Republican Army under the proclaimed legitimacy of the First Dáil, the extra-legal Irish parliament... Signature page of the Anglo-Irish Treaty The Anglo-Irish Treaty, officially called the Articles of Agreement for a Treaty Between Great Britain and Ireland, was a treaty between the Government of the United Kingdom and representatives of the extra-judicial Irish Republic that concluded the Irish War of Independence. ... Royal motto: Dieu et mon droit (French: God and my right) Capital Dublin Head of State King of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland Head of Government Lord Lieutenant of Ireland, Chairman of the Provisional Government from Jan 1922. ... This article is about the prior state. ... To look at the Home Rule Bill 1912-1914 we must first look back to 1909. ... The Statute of Grand Duchy of Lithuania A statute is a formal, written law of a country or state, written and enacted by its legislative authority, perhaps to then be ratified by the highest executive in the government, and finally published. ... // The granting of Royal Assent is the formal method by which a constitutional monarch completes the legislative process of lawmaking by formally assenting to an Act of Parliament. ... “The Great War ” redirects here. ... Devolution or Home rule is the pooling of powers from central government to government at regional or local level. ...

Based on the policy of Walter Long, and the new principles of self-determination applied at the Paris Peace Conference, the Government of Ireland Act 1920 created two Home Rule parliaments: a Parliament of Northern Ireland which functioned and a Parliament of Southern Ireland which did not. The Anglo-Irish Treaty laid the basis of the Irish Free State in the area of Southern Ireland and allowed the Parliament of Northern Ireland to opt out, which was made possible following the election results of May 1921, and reconfirmed by a parliamentary vote on 7 December 1922. Walter Hume Long, 1st Viscount Long (13 July 1854 - 26 September 1924 was a British Unionist politician. ... The Paris Peace Conference, 1919, negotiated the treaties ending World War I. The Paris Peace Conference, 1946, negotiated the Paris Peace Treaties, 1947, with Germanys [[World War II allies and co-belligerents in Europe. ... Devolution or Home rule is the pooling of powers from central government to government at regional or local level. ... The Parliament of Northern Ireland was the home rule legislature created under the Government of Ireland Act 1920, which existed from June 7, 1921 to March 30, 1972, when it was suspended. ... The Parliament of Southern Ireland was set up under the Government of Ireland Act to legislate for Southern Ireland. ... Signature page of the Anglo-Irish Treaty The Anglo-Irish Treaty, officially called the Articles of Agreement for a Treaty Between Great Britain and Ireland, was a treaty between the Government of the United Kingdom and representatives of the extra-judicial Irish Republic that concluded the Irish War of Independence. ...

Provision was made in the 1920 Act for a Council of Ireland that would work towards uniting the two parliaments within 50 years (effectively by 1971). This became defunct following the election results in the south in May 1921, and the Second Dáil ignored the Act. The Irish Republic had been declared in Dublin in January 1919, based on Sinn Féin's 1918 manifesto which had deplored "the contemplated mutilation of our country by partition." While the new republic sought freedom from Britain on the basis of self-determination, it was not prepared to allow any part of Ulster a separate freedom on the same basis. The Second Dáil was Dáil Éireann as it convened from 16th August, 1921 until 8th June, 1922. ... Sinn Féin Manifesto for the December 1918 election Following its reform in 1917, the Sinn Féin party campaigned against conscription in Ireland. ... The Island of Ireland Capital Dublin Language(s) Irish, English Government Republic President of Dáil Éireann  - 1919 Cathal Brugha  - 1919-1922 Éamon de Valera  - 1922 Arthur Griffith  - 1922 W.T. Cosgrave Legislature Dáil Éireann History  - Proclamation April 24, 1916  - Dáil Constitution January 21, 1919  - Free state constitution... Self-determination is a principle in international law that a people ought to be able to determine their own governmental forms and structure free from outside influence. ...

Whilst the Partition of Ireland came to be one of the most contentious issues in Anglo-Irish relations after 1925 and in the internal politics of both Northern Ireland and the Irish Free State and its successor states, it was not the most controversial aspect of the Anglo-Irish treaty in the Irish Free State in 1921. Anti-Treaty opposition was mostly focused on the retention of the British monarch as the Irish head of state and the Oath of Allegiance, which included a pledge of fidelity to him and his heirs. The Irish Oath of Allegiance was a controversial provision in the Anglo-Irish Treaty of 1921, which Irish TDs (members of the Irish parliament) and Senators were required to take, in order to take their seats in Dáil Éireann (The Chamber of Deputies) and Seanad Éireann (the Irish Senate). ...

Some Irish nationalists have argued that, when the Irish Free State was founded on 6 December 1922, it included Northern Ireland until the latter voted to remain separate; which it did on 7 December. This theory could appear to make Northern Ireland technically a part of the Free State for a day, but this ignores the divisions aroused by the Anglo-Irish War and by the prior existence of the northern parliament. Further, it was acknowledged and regretted in the Dáil Treaty Debates (December 1921-January 1922) that the Treaty only covered the part of Ireland that became the Free State; the Treaty was ratified by the Dáil, and accepted by the Third Dáil elected in 1922. Others theorise that, had it not opted out in 1922, Northern Ireland could have become a self-governing part of the Free State; a prospect likely to be impractical and unwelcome to both nationalists and unionists. By December 1922 the Free State was also involved in a civil war, and its future direction appeared uncertain. This article is about the current Irish body. ... The Third Dáil, also known as the Provisional Parliament or the Constituent Assembly, was the parliament of the post-partition twenty-six county Irish state which met from 9th September, 1922 until 9th August 1923. ... The Irish Civil War (June 28, 1922 – May 24, 1923) was a conflict between supporters and opponents of the Anglo-Irish Treaty of December 6, 1921, which established the Irish Free State, precursor of todays Republic of Ireland. ...

In any case, opinion of Northern Ireland Unionists had hardened during the Anglo-Irish War. This had caused hundreds of deaths in Ulster, a boycott in the south of goods from Belfast, and re-ignition of inter-sectarian conflict. Following the Truce of July 1921 between the Irish Republican Army and the British Government, these attacks continued. In early 1922, despite a conciliatory meeting between Michael Collins and James Craig, Collins covertly continued his support for the IRA in Northern Ireland. Attacks on Catholics in the north by loyalist mobs in 1920-22 worsened the situation. Long's solution of two states on the island largely seemed to reflect the reality on the ground; there was a complete breakdown of trust between the unionist élite in Belfast and the leaders of the then-Irish Republic in Dublin. No attempt had been made since 1919 to persuade unionists that ending the link to Britain and joining the republic would be beneficial to them. An Irish War of Independence memorial in Dublin The Anglo-Irish War (also known as the Irish War of Independence) was a guerrilla campaign mounted against the British government in Ireland by the Irish Republican Army under the proclaimed legitimacy of the First Dáil, the extra-legal Irish parliament... This article is about the nine-county Irish province. ... This article is about the historical army of the Irish Republic (1919–1922) which fought in the Irish War of Independence 1919–21, and the Irish Civil War 1922–23. ... Michael John (Mick) Collins (Irish: ; 16 October 1890 – 22 August 1922) was an Irish revolutionary leader, Minister for Finance in the Irish Republic, Director of Intelligence for the IRA, and member of the Irish delegation during the Anglo-Irish Treaty negotiations, both as Chairman of the Provisional Government and Commander... James Craig may refer to: James Henry Craig (1748-1812); British military officer and colonial administrator of The Canadas James Craig, Scottish recipient of the Victoria Cross in 1855 James Craig, 1st Viscount Craigavon (1871-1940); first Prime Minister of Northern Ireland James Craig, birth name James Henry Meador (1912...

Boundary Commission 1922-25

Main article: Boundary Commission (Ireland)

The Anglo-Irish Treaty contained a provision that would establish a boundary commission, which could adjust the border as drawn up in 1920. Most leaders in the Free State, both pro- and anti-Treaty, assumed that the commission would award largely nationalist areas such as County Fermanagh, County Tyrone, South Londonderry, South Armagh and South Down, and the City of Derry to the Free State, and that the remnant of Northern Ireland would not be economically viable and would eventually opt for union with the rest of the island as well. In the event, the commission's decision was delayed until 1925 by the Irish Civil War and it opted to retain the status quo. The report of the Commission (and thus the terms of the agreement) has yet officially to be made public: the detailed article explains the factors believed to have been involved. The Boundary Commission was established by the Anglo-Irish Treaty that ended the Anglo-Irish War in 1921. ... The Boundary Commission was established by the Anglo-Irish Treaty that ended the Anglo-Irish War in 1921. ... Statistics Province: Ulster County Town: Enniskillen Area: 1,691 km² Population (est. ... Statistics Province: Ulster County Town: Omagh Area: 3,155 km² Population (est. ... For other places with similar names, see Londonderry (disambiguation) and Derry (disambiguation). ... Statistics Province: Ulster County Town: Armagh Area: 1,254 km² Population (est. ... Statistics Province: Ulster County Town: Downpatrick Area: 2,448 km² Population (est. ... For other places with similar names, see Derry (disambiguation) and Londonderry (disambiguation). ... The Irish Civil War (June 28, 1922 – May 24, 1923) was a conflict between supporters and opponents of the Anglo-Irish Treaty of December 6, 1921, which established the Irish Free State, precursor of todays Republic of Ireland. ... The Boundary Commission was established by the Anglo-Irish Treaty that ended the Anglo-Irish War in 1921. ...

The Dáil voted to approve the Commission's decision, by a supplementary Act, on 10 December 1925 by a vote of 71 to 20.^[1]

Partition and sport

Following partition many social and sporting bodies divided. Notably the Irish Football Association of affiliated soccer clubs founded in 1880 split when the clubs in the southern counties set up the "Irish Free State Football Association" in 1921-1936, which was then renamed the Football Association of Ireland. Both are members of FIFA. The Irish Football Association (IFA) is the organising body for football in Northern Ireland. ... A player (wearing the red kit) has penetrated the defence (in the white kit) and is taking a shot at goal. ... Year 1880 (MDCCCLXXX) was a leap year starting on Thursday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a leap year starting on Tuesday of the 12-day slower Julian calendar). ... The Football Association of Ireland (FAI; Irish: Cumann Peile na h-Éireann) is the organising body for the sport of association football (soccer) in the Republic of Ireland. ... This article is about an international football organization. ...

However the Irish Rugby Football Union (founded in 1879) continues to represent that game on an all-Ireland basis, organising international matches and competitions between all four provinces. An element in the growth of Irish nationalism, the Gaelic Athletic Association was formed in 1884 and its sports are still based on teams that represent Ireland's 32 counties. The Irish Rugby Football Union (IRFU) is the body managing rugby union in Ireland. ... Year 1879 (MDCCCLXXIX) was a common year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Monday of the 12-day slower Julian calendar). ... Irish nationalism refers to political movements that desire greater autonomy or the independence of Ireland from Great Britain. ... For other uses, see GAA (disambiguation). ... Year 1884 (MDCCCLXXXIV) was a leap year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a leap year starting on Sunday of the 12-day-slower Julian calendar). ...

Arrest of De Valera in 1929

De Valera when leader of the opposition in the Irish Free State was arrested in Northern Ireland in February 1929. The ensuing Dáil debates aired the circumstances of partition at length.^[2] The Dublin government's attitude had become a party political issue. Eamon de Valera (born Edward George de Valera, sometimes Gaelicised Éamon de Bhailéara; October 14, 1882 – August 29, 1975), was an Irish politician, best known as a leader of Irelands struggle for independence from the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland in the early 20th century, and...

1937 Constitution

Eamon de Valera came to power in Dublin in 1932 and drafted a new Constitution of Ireland which in 1937 was adopted by referendum in the Irish Free State. It accepted partition only as a temporary fact and the irredentist articles 2 and 3 defined the 'national territory' as: 'the whole island of Ireland, its islands and the territorial seas'. The state itself was renamed 'Ireland' (in English) and 'Eire' (in Irish). Eamon de Valera (born Edward George de Valera, sometimes Gaelicised Éamon de Bhailéara; October 14, 1882 – August 29, 1975), was an Irish politician, best known as a leader of Irelands struggle for independence from the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland in the early 20th century, and... The Constitution of Ireland (Irish: Bunreacht na hÉireann)[1] is the founding legal document of the state known today both as Ireland and as the Republic of Ireland. ... Year 1937 (MCMXXXVII) was a common year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... The Constitution of Ireland (Irish: Bunreacht na hÉireann)[1] is the founding legal document of the state known today both as Ireland and as the Republic of Ireland. ... This article is about the prior state. ... irredentism is position advocating annexation of territories administered by another state on the grounds of common ethnicity and/or prior historical possession, actual or alleged. ... Article 2 and Article 3 of Bunreacht na hÉireann, the constitution of the Republic of Ireland, were adopted with the constitution as a whole in 1937, but completely revised by means of the Nineteenth Amendment which took full effect in 1999. ... The English language is a West Germanic language that originates in England. ... Map of Éire Éire (pronounced AIR uh, in the Irish language, translated as Ireland) is the name given in Article 4 of the 1937 Irish constitution to the 26-county Irish state, created under the 1921 Anglo-Irish Treaty, which was known between 1922 and 1937 as the Irish Free...

To unionists in Northern Ireland, the 1937 constitution made the ending of partition even less desirable than before. Most were Protestants, but article 44 recognised the 'special position' of the Roman Catholic Church All spoke English (as did the overwhelming majority in the State) but article 8 stipulated that the new 'national language' and 'first official language' was to be Irish, with English as the 'second official language' (and in practice, English remains the day-to-day language of government). The Constitution of Ireland (Irish: Bunreacht na hÉireann)[1] is the founding legal document of the state known today both as Ireland and as the Republic of Ireland. ...

The Constitution was approved by the southern electorate by a slim majority of about 159,000 votes. The Constitution of Ireland (Irish: Bunreacht na hÉireann)[1] is the founding legal document of the state known today both as Ireland and as the Republic of Ireland. ...

Decades later the text giving a 'special position' to the Roman Catholic Church was deleted in the Fifth Amendment of 1973. The irrendist texts in Articles 2 and 3 were deleted by the Nineteenth Amendment in 1998, as part of the Belfast Agreement. The Fifth Amendment of the Constitution of Ireland, the founding legal document of the Republic of Ireland, removed from the constitution a controversial reference to the special position of the Roman Catholic Church as well as recognition of certain other named religious denominations. ... The Nineteenth Amendment of Bunreacht na hÉireann, the constitution of the Republic of Ireland, introduced changes to Articles 2 and 3 of the constitution required by the 1998 Belfast Agreement (also known as the Good Friday Agreement). ... The Belfast Agreement (also known as the Good Friday Agreement and, more rarely, as the Stormont Agreement) was a major political development in the Northern Ireland peace process. ...

British offer of unity in June 1940

However, during the Second World War, after the invasion of France, Britain made a qualified offer of Irish unity in June 1940, without reference to those living in Northern Ireland. The revised final terms were signed by Neville Chamberlain on 28 June 1940 and sent to Eamon de Valera. On their rejection, neither the London or Dublin governments publicized the matter. Mushroom cloud from the nuclear explosion over Nagasaki rising 18 km into the air. ... This article is about the British prime minister. ... Eamon de Valera (born Edward George de Valera, sometimes Gaelicised Éamon de Bhailéara; October 14, 1882 – August 29, 1975), was an Irish politician, best known as a leader of Irelands struggle for independence from the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland in the early 20th century, and...

Ireland/Éire would effectively join the allies against Germany by allowing British ships to use its ports, arresting Germans and Italians, setting up a joint defence council and allowing overflights. Map of Éire Éire (pronounced ) is the Irish name for Ireland. ...

In return, arms would be provided to Éire and British forces would cooperate on a German invasion. London would declare that it accepted 'the principle of a United Ireland' in the form of an undertaking 'that the Union is to become at an early date an accomplished fact from which there shall be no turning back.'^[3]

Clause ii of the offer promised a Joint Body to work out the practical and consititutional details, 'the purpose of the work being to establish at as early a date as possible the whole machinery of government of the Union'.

The proposals were first published in 1970 in a biography of De Valera.^[4]

1945-1973

In May 1949 the Taoiseach John A. Costello introduced a motion in the Dáil strongly against the terms of the UK Republic of Ireland Act 1949 that confirmed partition for as long as a majority of the electorate in Northern Ireland wanted it, styled as the Unionist Veto^[5] This was a change from his position supporting the Boundary Commission back in 1925, when he was a legal adviser to the Irish government. A possible cause was that his coalition government was supported by the strongly republican Clann na Poblachta. From this point on, all the political parties in the Republic were formally in favour of ending partition, regardless of the opinion of the electorate in Northern Ireland. For the member of Seanad Éireann from 1963–65, see John Costelloe John Aloysius Costello (20 June 1891 – 5 January 1976), a successful barrister, was one of the main legal advisors to the government of the Irish Free State after independence, Attorney General of Ireland from 1926–1932 and Taoiseach... A coalition is an alliance among entities, during which they cooperate in joint action, each in their own self-interest. ... Clann na Poblachta (literally meaning Family of the Republic) was an Irish republican political party founded by former IRA Chief of Staff Sean MacBride in 1946. ...

In 1966 the Irish Taoiseach Seán Lemass visited Northern Ireland in secrecy, leading to a return visit to Dublin by Terence O'Neill; it had taken four decades to achieve such a simple meeting. The impact was further reduced when both countries joined the European Economic Community in 1973. With the onset of The Troubles (1969-98) a 1973 referendum showed that a majority of the electorate in Northern Ireland did want to continue the link to Britain, as expected, but the referendum was boycotted by Nationalist voters. This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ... Northern Ireland (Irish: , Ulster Scots: Norlin Airlann) is a constituent country of the United Kingdom lying in the northeast of the island of Ireland, covering 5,459 square miles (14,139 km², about a sixth of the islands total area). ... Terence Marne ONeill, Baron ONeill of the Maine, PC (10 September 1914–12 June 1990) was the fourth Prime Minister of Northern Ireland. ... The European Community (EC), most important of three European Communities, was originally founded on March 25, 1957 by the signing of the Treaty of Rome under the name of European Economic Community. ... For the song by James Blunt, see 1973 (song). ... For other uses, see Troubles (disambiguation) and Trouble. ... The Northern Irish referendum of 1973 (also known as the Border Poll) was a referendum held in Northern Ireland only on March 8, 1973 on whether Northern Ireland should remain part of the United Kingdom or join with the Republic of Ireland to form a United Ireland. ...

Possibility of British withdrawal in 1974

Following the start of the Troubles in Northern Ireland in 1969, the Sunningdale Agreement was signed by the Irish and British governments in 1973. This collapsed in May 1974 due to the Ulster Workers Council Strike, and the new British Prime Minister Harold Wilson considered a rapid withdrawal of the British army and administration from Northern Ireland in 1974-75 as a serious policy option. The Troubles is a term used to describe two periods of violence in Ireland during the twentieth century. ... The Sunningdale Agreement on December 9, 1973, was an attempt to end the Northern Ireland troubles by forcing unionists to share power with nationalists. ... Fifteen unprecedented, historic days in 1974 when a million British citizens, the Protestants of Northern Ireland, staged what amounted to a rebellion against the Crown and won. ... James Harold Wilson, Baron Wilson of Rievaulx, KG, OBE, FRS, PC (11 March 1916 – 24 May 1995) was one of the most prominent British politicians of the 20th century. ...

The effect of such a withdrawal was considered by Garret FitzGerald, the Foreign Minister in Dublin, and recalled in his 2006 essay.^[6] The Irish cabinet concluded that such a withdrawal would lead to widescale civil war and a greater loss of life, which the Irish Army of 12,500 men could do little to prevent. Garret FitzGerald (Irish: ; born February 9, 1926) was the seventh Taoiseach of the Republic of Ireland, serving two terms in office; July 1981 to February 1982, and December 1982 to March 1987. ... The Irish Defence Forces encompass the army, navy, air force and reserve forces of the Republic of Ireland. ...

Repeal of the Union by the Dáil in 1983

Despite the ongoing dispute about partition, the original Acts that joined Ireland to Britain from the start of 1801 have only been repealed in part. The British Act was repealed by the Irish Statute Law Revision Act 1983, a delay of 61 years. The Irish parliament's Act of 1800 was still not repealed in the last Revision Act of 2005; this was described in the Dáil committee debates as a "glaring omission".^[7] The Act of Union 1800 merged the Kingdom of Ireland and the Kingdom of Great Britain (itself a merger of England and Wales and Scotland under the Act of Union 1707) to create the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland on 1 January 1801. ...

Revision in 1998

In terms of electoral results alone, the unionist parties in Northern Ireland have received the majority of votes cast in every election since 1921. However, the sizeable nationalist minority has felt excluded and has generally supported the irredentist claims in Articles 2 and 3 of the original 1937 Constitution of the Republic of Ireland. These claims were agreed to be varied by the Belfast Agreement of 1998 and ratified by referendum, to accept that partition will last as long as a majority of voters in Northern Ireland want to retain it. In turn, the nationalist community in Northern Ireland would enjoy 'parity of esteem' and participate in the institutions that govern them. irredentism is position advocating annexation of territories administered by another state on the grounds of common ethnicity and/or prior historical possession, actual or alleged. ... Elections Part of the Politics series Politics Portal This box:      A referendum (plural: referendums or referenda) or plebiscite (from Latin plebiscita, originally a decree of the Concilium Plebis) is a direct vote in which an entire electorate is asked to either accept or reject a particular proposal. ...

Notes

1. ^ [Dáil vote to approve the Boundary Commission negotiations]
2. ^ http://www.oireachtas-debates.gov.ie:80/D/0028/D.0028.192902200002.html http://www.oireachtas-debates.gov.ie:80/D/0028/D.0028.192902200028.html http://www.oireachtas-debates.gov.ie:80/D/0028/D.0028.192902200041.html
3. ^ Eds. O'Day A. & Stevenson J., Irish Historical Documents since 1800 (Gill & Macmillan, Dublin 1992) p.201. ISBN 0-7171-1839-8
4. ^ Longford, Earl of & O'Neill, T.P. Eamon de Valera (Hutchinson 1970; Arrow paperback 1974) Arrow pp.365-368. ISBN 0 09 909520 3
5. ^ http://historical-debates.oireachtas.ie/D/0115/D.0115.194905100042.html
6. ^ Garret FitzGerald's essay of 2006
7. ^ Statute Law Revision (pre-1922) Act, 2005

See also

• Articles 2 and 3 of the Constitution of Ireland
• Boundary Commission (Ireland)
• Common Travel Area
• History of Ireland (1801-1922)
• Crown of Ireland Act 1542
• History of Northern Ireland
• History of the Republic of Ireland
• Irish Civil War
• Northern Ireland referendum, 1973
• Repartition of Ireland
• Republic of Ireland-United Kingdom border

Article 2 and Article 3 of Bunreacht na hÉireann, the constitution of the Republic of Ireland, were adopted with the constitution as a whole in 1937, but completely revised by means of the Nineteenth Amendment which took full effect in 1999. ... The Boundary Commission was established by the Anglo-Irish Treaty that ended the Anglo-Irish War in 1921. ... The Common Travel Area includes the UK, the Isle of Man, Jersey, Guernsey, and the Republic of Ireland The Common Travel Area (or, informally, the passport free zone) refers to the fact that citizens of the Republic of Ireland, the United Kingdom and the Crown Dependencies (the Isle of Man... From 1801 to 1922 the whole island of Ireland formed a constituent part of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland (UK). ... The Crown of Ireland Act 1542 was an act of the Parliament of Ireland (33 Hen 8 c. ... This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ... The state known today as the Republic of Ireland came into being when twenty-six of the counties of Ireland seceded from the United Kingdom (UK) in 1922. ... The Irish Civil War (June 28, 1922 – May 24, 1923) was a conflict between supporters and opponents of the Anglo-Irish Treaty of December 6, 1921, which established the Irish Free State, precursor of todays Republic of Ireland. ... The Northern Ireland referendum of 1973 was a referendum held in Northern Ireland only on March 8, 1973 on whether Northern Ireland should remain part of the United Kingdom or join with the Republic of Ireland to form a United Ireland. ... The repartition of Ireland has been suggested as a possible solution to The Troubles. ... A map of Ireland (the majority of the United Kingdom is not shown), showing the Republic of Ireland-United Kingdom border. ...

External links

• The Partition of Ireland (Workers Solidarity Movement -An anarchist organisation which supports the IRA)
• Ireland, Partition of (MSN Encarta)
• James Connolly: Labour and the Proposed Partition of Ireland (Marxists Internet Archive)
• The Socialist Environmental Alliance: The SWP and Partition of Ireland (The Blanket)
• Sean O Mearthaile Partition — what it means for Irish workers (The ETEXT Archives)
• Northern Ireland Timeline: Partition: Civil war 1922 - 1923 (BBC History)
• Home rule for Ireland, Scotland and Wales (LSE Library)
• Towards a Lasting Peace in Ireland ((Provisional) Sinn Féin)
• HISTORY OF THE REPUBLIC OF IRELAND (History World)