The National Fascist Party (Partito Nazionale Fascista; PNF) was an Italian party, created by Benito Mussolini as the political expression of Fascism (previously represented by groups known as Fasci). Benito Amilcare Andrea Mussolini (July 29, 1883 – April 28, 1945) led Italy from 1922 to 1943. ... To meet Wikipedias quality standards, this article or section may require cleanup. ... Fascio (plural: fasci) is an Italian word which in the 1890s came to refer to radical political groups. ...

History

Founded in Rome on November 7, 1921, it marked the transformation of the paramilitary Fasci Italiani di Combattimento into a more coherent political group (the Fasci di Combattimento had been founded by Mussolini in Milan's Piazza San Sepolcro, on March 23, 1919). City motto: Senatus Populusque Romanus – SPQR (The Senate and the People of Rome) Founded 21 April 753 BC mythical, 1st millennium BC Region Latium Mayor Walter Veltroni (Left-Wing Democrats) Area  - City Proper  1285 km² Population  - City (2004)  - Metropolitan  - Density (city proper) 2. ... November 7 is the 311th day of the year (312th in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar, with 54 days remaining. ... 1921 (MCMXXI) was a common year starting on Saturday (see link for calendar). ... A paramilitary organization is a group of civilians trained and organized in a military fashion. ... Milan (Italian: Milano; Milanese dialect: Milán) is the main city in northern Italy, and is located in the plains of Lombardy, the most populated and developed region in Italy. ... March 23 is the 82nd day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (83rd in Leap years). ... 1919 (MCMXIX) was a common year starting on Wednesday (see link for calendar). ...

The PNF was instrumental in directing and popularizing support for Mussolini's ideology. It was the main agent of the coup d'état attempted as the October 28, 1922 March on Rome (although a parallel agreement between Mussolini and King Victor Emmanuel III was arguably more important). A coup détat (pronounced ), or simply a coup, is the sudden overthrow of a government against the volonté générale formed by the majority of the citizen, usually done by a smaller supposedly weaker body that just replaces the top power figures. ... October 28 is the 301st day of the year (302nd in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar, with 64 days remaining. ... 1922 (MCMXXII) was a common year starting on Sunday (see link for calendar). ... For the movie by Dino Risi, see March on Rome (film) The March on Rome was the name given to the coup détat by which Benito Mussolini came to power in Italy in late October 1922. ... King of Italy is a title adopted by many rulers after the fall of the Roman Empire. ... Victor Emmanuel III of Italy , Vittorio Emanuele III in italian (11 November 1869 – 28 December 1947), was the King of Italy (29 July 1900 – 9 May 1946), Emperor of Ethiopia (1936 - 1943) and King of Albania (1939 - 1943). ...

After the drastic modifying of electoral legislation, the PNF clearly won the highly controversial elections of April 1924. Law in 1928 made it the only legal party of the country, a situaution which lasted until 1943. 1924 (MCMXXIV) was a leap year starting on Tuesday (link will take you to calendar). ... 1928 (MCMXXVIII) was a leap year starting on Sunday (link will take you to calendar). ... 1943 (MCMXLIII) is a common year starting on Friday. ...

The party was dissolved upon the arrest of Mussolini after the coup inside the Grand Fascist Council, led by Dino Grandi on July 24 1943. It was officialy banned by the Pietro Badoglio government on July 27. Count Dino Grandi (1895-1988), born in Mordano (BO), Emilia. ... July 24 is the 205th day (206th in leap years) of the year in the Gregorian Calendar, with 160 days remaining. ... Pietro Badoglio (September 28, 1871 - November 1, 1956) was an Italian soldier and politician. ... July 27 is the 208th day (209th in leap years) of the year in the Gregorian Calendar, with 157 days remaining. ...

After the Nazi-engineered Unternehmen Eiche liberated Mussolini in September, the Party was revived as the Republican Fascist Party (Partito Fascista Repubblicano - PFR; September 13), as the single party of the Northern and Nazi-protected Italian Social Republic (the Salò Republic). Its secretary was Alessandro Pavolini. The PFR did not outlast Mussolini's execution and the dissappearence of the Salò state in April 1945. Nazi Germany, or the Third Reich, commonly refers to Germany in the years 1933–1945, when it was under the firm control of the totalitarian and fascist ideology of the Nazi Party, with the Führer Adolf Hitler as dictator. ... The daring rescue of Benito Mussolini by German special forces in World War II. ... September 13 is the 256th day of the year (257th in leap years). ... War flag of the Italian Social Republic. ... Salo (Italian: Salò) is a small town in the Province of Brescia in the region of Lombardy in northern Italy on the banks of Lake Garda. ... To meet Wikipedias quality standards, this article or section may require cleanup. ... 1945 (MCMXLV) was a common year starting on Monday (link will take you to calendar). ...

Secretaries of the PNF

• Michele Bianchi (November 1921 - January 1923)
• multiple presidency (January 1923 - October 1923)

Triumvirate: Michele Bianchi, Nicola Sansanelli, Giuseppe Bastianini

• Francesco Giunta (October 15 1923 - April 22 1924)
• multiple presidency (April 23 1924 - February 15 1925)

Quattuorvirate: Roberto Forges Davanzati, Cesare Rossi, Giovanni Marinelli, Alessandro Melchiorri

• Roberto Farinacci (February 15 1925 - March 30 1926)
• Augusto Turati (March 30 1926 - October 7 1930)
• Giovanni Giuriati (October 1930 - December 1931)
• Achille Starace (December 1931 - October 31 1939)
• Ettore Muti (October 31 1939 - October 30 1940)
• Adelchi Serena (October 30 1940 - December 26 1941)
• Aldo Vidussoni (December 26 1941 - April 19 1943)
• Carlo Scorza (April 19 1943 - July 25 1943)