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Pathet Lao (Laotian, "Land of Laos") was a communist, nationalist political movement and organization in Laos, formed in the mid 20th century. The group was ultimately successful in achieving paramount power in Laos, following a civil war or insurgent revolution lasting from the 1950s to 1975. The group was always closely associated with Vietnamese communists. During the civil war, it was effectively organized, equipped and even led by the army of North Vietnam. Lao (ພາສາລາວ phaasaa laao) is the official language of Laos. ...
This article is about communism as a form of society and as a political movement. ...
Nationalism is an ideology that creates and sustains a nation as a concept of a common identity for groups of humans. ...
Politics is the process and method of decision-making for groups of human beings. ...
A political party is a political organization subscribing to a certain ideology or formed around very special issues. ...
(19th century - 20th century - 21st century - more centuries) Decades: 1900s 1910s 1920s 1930s 1940s 1950s 1960s 1970s 1980s 1990s As a means of recording the passage of time, the 20th century was that century which lasted from 1901–2000 in the sense of the Gregorian calendar (1900–1999 in the...
A civil war is a war in which parties within the same culture, society or nationality fight for political power or control of an area. ...
An insurgency is an organized rebellion that engages in deliberate actions to cause the downfall of a governmental authority, through destruction and armed actions. ...
It has been suggested that Revolutionary be merged into this article or section. ...
// Events and trends This map shows two essential global spheres during the Cold War in 1959. ...
The Democratic Republic of Vietnam (DRVN), or less commonly, Vietnamese Democratic Republic (Vietnamese: Việt Nam Dân Chủ Cộng Hòa), also known as North Vietnam, was proclaimed by Ho Chi Minh in Hanoi, September 2nd1945 and was recognized by the Peoples Republic of China and the...
The Pathet Lao can be considered the Laotian equivalent of the Khmer Rouge of Cambodia and the Viet Minh and Viet Cong of Vietnam. The term eventually became the generic name for Laotian communists. After they seized power in 1975, they renamed themselves the Lao People's Revolutionary Party. Unlike the Khmer Rouge, they were effectively an extension of Vietnamese Communist movement. This article is about the Lao ethnic group. ...
Some of the Khmer Rouge leadership during their period in power. ...
The Viet Minh (abbreviated from Việt Nam ộc Lập ồng Minh Hội, League for the Independence of Vietnam) was formed by Ho Ngoc Lam and Nguyen Hai Than in 1941 to seek independence for Vietnam from France. ...
A Viet Cong soldier, heavily guarded, awaits interrogation following capture in the attacks on Saigon during the festive Tet holiday period of 1968. ...
The Lao Peoples Revolutionary Party (Laotian: Phak Pasason Pativat Lao) is the Communist Party of Laos. ...
Some of the Khmer Rouge leadership during their period in power. ...
Key figures of the Pathet Lao include Prince Souphanouvong, Kaysone Phomvihane, Phoumi Vongvichit, Nouhak Phoumsavanh and Khamtay Siphandone. Prince Souphanouvong (July 13, 1909 - January 9, 1995) was, along with his half-brother Prince Souvanna Phouma and Prince Boun Oum of Champassack, one of the Three Princes who represented respectively the communist, neutralist, and royalist political factions in Laos. ...
Kaysone Phomvihane (December 13, 1920–November 21, 1992) was the leader of the Lao Peoples Revolutionary Party from 1955, though Souphanouvong served in a figurehead role. ...
Phoumi Vongvichit Phoumi Vongvichit (April 6, 1909–) was a leading figure of the Pathet Lao and an elder statesman of the Lao Peoples Democratic Republic until his death in 1994. ...
Nouhak Phoumsavan Nouhak Phoumsavanh or Phoumsavan (born April 9, 1914) was a longtime Pathet Lao revolutionary and communist party official who succeeded Kaysone Phomvihane as president of Laos on the latters death in November 1992. ...
General Khamtai Siphandon (born February 8, 1924) has been president of Laos since February 1998, and has led the communist Lao Peoples Revolutionary Party, the only legal party in the country, since 1992. ...
History The organization under this name first appeared in 1950, when it was adopted by Lao forces under Prince Souphanouvong, who joined the Viet Minh's revolt against the colonial French authorities in Indochina during the First Indochina War. 1950 (MCML) was a common year starting on Sunday (link will take you to calendar). ...
Prince Souphanouvong (July 13, 1909 - January 9, 1995) was, along with his half-brother Prince Souvanna Phouma and Prince Boun Oum of Champassack, one of the Three Princes who represented respectively the communist, neutralist, and royalist political factions in Laos. ...
The Viet Minh (abbreviated from Việt Nam ộc Lập ồng Minh Hội, League for the Independence of Vietnam) was formed by Ho Ngoc Lam and Nguyen Hai Than in 1941 to seek independence for Vietnam from France. ...
French Indochina was a federation of protectorates in Southeast Asia, part of the French colonial empire. ...
Combatants French Republic Viet Minh Commanders Strength 500,000 ? Casualties 94,581 dead 78,127 wounded 40,000 captured 300,000+ dead 500,000+ wounded 100,000 captured The First Indochina War (also called the French Indochina War) was fought in Southeast Asia from 1946 through 1954 between the nation...
In 1953, Pathet Lao fighters accompanied an invasion of Laos from Vietnam led by Viet Minh forces; they established a government at Samneua in northern Laos. The communists began to make incursions into central Laos with the support of the Viet Minh, and a civil war erupted; the Pathet Lao quickly occupied substantial sections of the country. 1953 (MCMLIII) was a common year starting on Thursday (link is to a full 1953 calendar). ...
The 1954 Geneva Conference agreements required the withdrawal of foreign forces, and allowed the Pathet Lao to establish itself as a regime in Laos's two northern provinces. The Viet Minh/North Vietnamese, in spite of the agreement, never really withdrew from the border areas of Laos and the Pathet Lao continued to operate almost as a branch organization of the Viet Minh. Two months after the conference, the Viet Minh/North Vietnam formed the unit Group 100 with headquarters at Ban Nameo. The unit effectively controlled and directed the Pathet Lao movement. The Geneva Conference (April 26 - July 21, 1954) was a conference between many countries that agreed to end hostilities and restore peace in French Indochina and Korea. ...
It was formed into an official party, the Lao Patriotic Front (Neo Lao Hak Sat), in 1956. Its stated goal was to wage the communist struggle against capitalism and Western colonialism and imperialism. Unstated was its total subordination to Vietnamese communism and that the party considered the independence of Laos to be irrelivant in their struggle for socialism. A coalition was established in 1957 between the monarchists and communists, but it collapsed in 1959, bringing about a resumption of fighting. 1956 (MCMLVI) was a leap year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ...
Capitalism has been defined in various, but similar, ways by different theorists. ...
World map of colonialism at the end of the Second World War in 1945. ...
Imperialism is a policy of extending control or authority over foreign entities as a means of acquisition and/or maintenance of empires, either through direct territorial conquest or settlement, or through indirect methods of exerting control on the politics and/or economy of other countries. ...
1957 (MCMLVII) was a common year starting on Tuesday of the Gregorian calendar. ...
1959 (MCMLIX) was a common year starting on Thursday of the Gregorian calendar. ...
In December 1958, North Vietnam took over several towns in Laos raising the Vietnamese flag over them and declaring them to be part of Vietnam. While other parties objected to this, the Pathet Lao did not.
By the late 1950s, North Vietnam had occupied areas of eastern Laos. The area was used as a transit route for men and supplies destined for the insurgency in South Vietnam. In September 1959, North Vietnam formed Group 959 in Laos with the aim of building the Pathet Lao into a stronger counterforce against the Lao Royal government. Group 959 openly supplied, trained and militarily supported the Pathet Lao. The typical strategy during this era was for North Vietnamese regulars to attack first but then send in the Pathet Lao at the end of the battle to claim "victory". The Democratic Republic of Vietnam (DRVN), or less commonly, Vietnamese Democratic Republic (Vietnamese: Việt Nam Dân Chủ Cộng Hòa), also known as North Vietnam, was proclaimed by Ho Chi Minh in Hanoi, September 2nd1945 and was recognized by the Peoples Republic of China and the...
Official language Vietnamese Capital Saigon Last President Duong Van Minh Last Prime Minister Vu Van Mau Area - Total - % water 173,809 km² N/A Population - Total - Density 19,370,000 (1973 est. ...
In the 1960s, more attempts at neutrality agreements and coaliition government were attempted but as North Vietnam had no intention of withdrawing from Laos, these agreements all failed. By the middle 1960s, the country had fallen into proxy warfare between pro-American and pro-Vietnamese irregular military groups. The 1960s decade refers to the years from 1960 to 1969, inclusive. ...
in 1968, the Army of North Vietnam launched a multi-division invasion of Laos. The Pathet Lao were pushed to the side in the conflict and reduced to the role of an auxiliary force to the North Vietnamese army. Unable to match the heavy Soviet and Chinese weapons in addition to the numerical strength of the Vietnamese forces, the Royal Army of Laos took itself out of the conflict after heavy losses. 1968 (MCMLXVIII) was a leap year starting on Monday (the link is to a full 1968 calendar). ...
Throughout the 1960s and early 1970s, the communists battled the U.S. irregular forces in Laos. The government itself for the most part was effectively powerless and manipulated by both sides. The Pathet Lao held numerous Americans as prisoners of war during and after the Vietnam war (1962-1973). The 1960s decade refers to the years from 1960 to 1969, inclusive. ...
The 1970s decade refers to the years from 1970 to 1979, inclusive. ...
Motto: E pluribus unum (1789 to 1956) (Latin: Out of Many, One) In God We Trust (1956 to present) Anthem: The Star-Spangled Banner Capital Washington, D.C. Largest city New York City Official language(s) None at federal level; English de facto Government • President • Vice President Federal republic George...
Geneva Convention definition A prisoner of war (POW) is a soldier, sailor, airman, or marine who is imprisoned by an enemy power during or immediately after an armed conflict. ...
Combatants Republic of Vietnam (South Vietnam) United States of America South Korea Thailand Australia New Zealand the Philippines Democratic Republic of Vietnam (North Vietnam) National Liberation Front (Viet Cong) Strength ~1,200,000 (1968) ~420,000 (1968) Casualties South Vietnamese dead: 230,000 South Vietnamese wounded: 300,000 US dead...
Shortly after the Paris Peace Accords ended U.S. involvement in the Vietnam war, the Pathet Lao and the government of Laos signed a cease-fire agreement, the Vientiane Treaty, in February 1973. Signing the peace accords. ...
Vientiane treaty was a treaty signed in Vientiane, capital of Laos, which estabilished the similarly-called organisation of Cambodia, Vietnam and Laos. ...
1973 (MCMLXXIII) was a common year starting on Monday. ...
The coalition government envisaged by the treaty did not long outlast it. The Pathet Lao refused to disarm and the North Vietnamese Army did not leave the country. In 1975, the Pathet Lao with the direct open assistance of the North Vietnamese Army began attacking government strongholds. With the fall of the South Vietnamese government in April 1975 in their minds, the non-communist elements of the national government decided that allowing the Pathet Lao to enter power would be better than to have them take it by force. In November 1975, the Pathet Lao took over Laos, abolishing the monarchy and establishing the Lao People's Democratic Republic. Shortly after, the Pathet Lao signed an agreement with Vietnam that allowed Vietnam to station its army in the country and to send political and economic advisors into the country. Vietnam afterward forced Laos to cut any remaining economic ties to its other neighbors. For the next 15 years, the Pathet Lao ran the country almost as a Vietnamese colony. Combatants Republic of Vietnam (South Vietnam) United States of America South Korea Thailand Australia New Zealand the Philippines Democratic Republic of Vietnam (North Vietnam) National Liberation Front (Viet Cong) Strength ~1,200,000 (1968) ~420,000 (1968) Casualties South Vietnamese dead: 230,000 South Vietnamese wounded: 300,000 US dead...
1975 (MCMLXXV) was a common year starting on Wednesday (the link is to a full 1975 calendar). ...
1975 was a common year starting on Wednesday (the link is to a full 1975 calendar). ...
Places where monarchies maintain rule appear in blue. ...
See also Indochina, or the Indochinese Peninsula, is a region in Southeast Asia. ...
The Secret War (1962-1975) was the Laos front of the Second Indochina War. ...
Combatants Republic of Vietnam (South Vietnam) United States of America South Korea Thailand Australia New Zealand the Philippines Democratic Republic of Vietnam (North Vietnam) National Liberation Front (Viet Cong) Strength ~1,200,000 (1968) ~420,000 (1968) Casualties South Vietnamese dead: 230,000 South Vietnamese wounded: 300,000 US dead...
The Lao Peoples Revolutionary Party (Laotian: Phak Pasason Pativat Lao) is the Communist Party of Laos. ...
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