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Patrick Manning
4th & 6th Prime Minister of Trinidad and Tobago
Incumbent
Assumed office  December 17, 1991 - November 9, 1995 December 24, 2001 - present
Preceded by	A. N. R. Robinson (1991) Basdeo Panday (2001)
Succeeded by	Basdeo Panday (1995) Incumbent
Born	August 17, 1946 (1946-08-17) (age 61) San Fernando
Political party	People's National Movement
Spouse	Hazel Manning [1]
Religion	Anglican

Patrick Augustus Mervyn Manning (born August 17, 1946) is the current Prime Minister and Minister of Finance of Trinidad and Tobago and Political Leader of the People's National Movement (PNM). He served as Prime Minister between 17 December 1991 to 9 November 1995 and since 24 December 2001, as Leader of the Opposition from 1986 to 1990 and from 1995 to 2001. He has been the Political Leader of the PNM since 1987. A geologist by training, Manning has served as Member of Parliament for the San Fernando East constituency since 1971 and is currently the longest-serving member of the House of Representatives.^[2] Patrick Augustus Mervyn Manning - Prime Minister of Trinidad and Tobago Patrick Manning - academic & historian Patrick R. Manning, former New York State politician Category: ... Image File history File links Broom_icon. ... Image File history File links Unbalanced_scales. ... Shortcut: WP:NPOVD Articles that have been linked to this page are the subject of an NPOV dispute (NPOV stands for Neutral Point Of View; see below). ... Image File history File links This work is copyrighted. ... This page lists prime ministers of Trinidad and Tobago. ... For the ecclesiastical office, see Incumbent (ecclesiastical). ... December 17 is the 351st day of the year (352nd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1991 (MCMXCI) was a common year starting on Tuesday (link will display the 1991 Gregorian calendar). ... is the 313th day of the year (314th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1995 (MCMXCV) was a common year starting on Sunday (link will display full 1995 Gregorian calendar). ... is the 358th day of the year (359th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2001 (MMI) was a common year starting on Monday (link displays the 2001 Gregorian calendar). ... Arthur Napoleon Raymond Robinson (born 16 December 1926 in Calder Hall, Tobago) was President of Trinidad and Tobago from 19 March 1997 to 17 March 2003. ... Basdeo Panday- (born May 25, 1933) was Prime Minister of Trinidad and Tobago from 1995 to 2001 and has served as Leader of the Opposition from 1976–1977, 1978–1986, 1989–1995 and 2001–2006. ... Basdeo Panday- (born May 25, 1933) was Prime Minister of Trinidad and Tobago from 1995 to 2001 and has served as Leader of the Opposition from 1976–1977, 1978–1986, 1989–1995 and 2001–2006. ... is the 229th day of the year (230th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1946 (MCMXLVI) was a common year starting on Tuesday (link will display full 1946 calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... The City of San Fernando is the larger of the two cities, and the second largest municipality in Trinidad and Tobago. ... The Peoples National Movement is the ruling conservative political party in Trinidad and Tobago. ... The term Anglican describes those people and churches following the religious traditions of the Church of England, especially following the Reformation. ... is the 229th day of the year (230th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1946 (MCMXLVI) was a common year starting on Tuesday (link will display full 1946 calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2005 (MMV) was a common year starting on Saturday (link displays full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... This page lists prime ministers of Trinidad and Tobago. ... The Peoples National Movement is the ruling conservative political party in Trinidad and Tobago. ... December 17 is the 351st day of the year (352nd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1991 (MCMXCI) was a common year starting on Tuesday (link will display the 1991 Gregorian calendar). ... is the 313th day of the year (314th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1995 (MCMXCV) was a common year starting on Sunday (link will display full 1995 Gregorian calendar). ... is the 358th day of the year (359th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2001 (MMI) was a common year starting on Monday (link displays the 2001 Gregorian calendar). ... Parliamentary opposition is a form of political opposition to a designated government, particularly in a Westminster-based parliamentary system. ... Year 1986 (MCMLXXXVI) was a common year starting on Wednesday (link displays 1986 Gregorian calendar). ... Year 1990 (MCMXC) was a common year starting on Monday (link displays the 1990 Gregorian calendar). ... Year 1995 (MCMXCV) was a common year starting on Sunday (link will display full 1995 Gregorian calendar). ... Year 1987 (MCMLXXXVII) was a common year starting on Thursday (link displays 1987 Gregorian calendar). ... This article includes a list of works cited but its sources remain unclear because it lacks in-text citations. ... A Member of Parliament, or MP, is a representative elected by the voters to a parliament. ... The City of San Fernando is the larger of the two cities, and the second largest municipality in Trinidad and Tobago. ... A constituency is any cohesive corporate unit or body bound by shared structures, goals or loyalty. ... Year 1971 (MCMLXXI) was a common year starting on Friday (link will display full calendar) of the 1971 Gregorian calendar. ... The House of Representatives is the elected Lower House of the bicameral Parliament of Trinidad and Tobago. ...

Manning received his secondary education at Presentation College, San Fernando Bachelor's Degree from the University of the West Indies in Mona, Jamaica in 1969. After graduation he returned to Trinidad where he worked as a geologist for Texaco. He entered Parliament in 1971 representing the San Fernando East constituency.^[2] Presentation College is a Roman Catholic secondary school in San Fernando, South Trinidad. ... The City of San Fernando is the larger of the two cities, and the second largest municipality in Trinidad and Tobago. ... For other degrees, see Academic degree. ... The University of the West Indies, also known as UWI, is an autonomous regional institution supported by and serving 16 countries and territories in the Caribbean - Anguilla, Antigua and Barbuda, The Bahamas, Barbados, Belize, the British Virgin Islands, the Cayman Islands, Dominica, Grenada, Jamaica, Montserrat, St. ... Mona is a neighbourhood in the southeastern St. ... Also: 1969 (Stargate SG-1) episode. ... Texaco is the name of an American oil retail brand with a strong global presence. ... The Parliament of Trinidad and Tobago is the legislative branch of the Government of Trinidad and Tobago. ...

Life

Early career

After graduating from the University of the West Indies, Manning worked as a geologist with Texaco Trinidad Ltd., until he ran for Parliament in 1971. Between 1971 and 1978 he served as Parliamentary Secretary in various Ministries before being appointed junior Minister in the Ministry of Finance. In 1979 he was given the additional position of junior Minister in the Office of the Prime Minister. In 1981 he was given a full Cabinet position of Minister of Information and Minister of Industry and Commerce. Between 1981 and 1986 he served as Minister of Energy and Natural Resources.^[2] Texaco is the name of an American oil retail brand with a strong global presence. ... Year 1978 (MCMLXXVIII) was a common year starting on Sunday (link displays the 1978 Gregorian calendar). ... Also: 1979 by Smashing Pumpkins. ... Year 1981 (MCMLXXXI) was a common year starting on Thursday (link displays the 1981 Gregorian calendar). ...

The 1986 General Elections the ruling PNM suffered an almost total defeat. Only three candidates won their seats; the Prime Minister, George Chambers was among the losing candidates. As one of the three successful PNM candidates, Manning was appointed Leader of the Opposition. In 1987 he was elected Political Leader of the PNM. A split in the ruling National Alliance for Reconstruction in 1988 left the PNM as the minority Opposition party, and in 1990 Basdeo Panday requested that he be appointed Leader of the Opposition.^[3]. Elections in Trinidad and Tobago gives information on election and election results in Trinidad and Tobago. ... This article is about the Prime Minister of Trinidad and Tobago. ... The National Alliance for Reconstruction (NAR) was the governing party in Trinidad and Tobago from 1986-1991. ... Year 1988 (MCMLXXXVIII) was a leap year starting on Friday (link displays 1988 Gregorian calendar). ... Parliamentary Opposition is a form of political opposition to a designated government, particularly in a Westminster-based parliamentary system. ... Basdeo Panday- (born May 25, 1933) was Prime Minister of Trinidad and Tobago from 1995 to 2001 and has served as Leader of the Opposition from 1976–1977, 1978–1986, 1989–1995 and 2001–2006. ...

Second term as Prime Minister

In 1995 Mr. Manning called a General Election one full year before it was constitutionally due. The PNM was defeated in this election, and Basdeo Panday replaced Manning as Prime Minister. Mr. Manning served as Leader of the Opposition once again, also losing the 2000 elections. The 2001 elections ended in a tie, with both the Opposition PNM and the governing United National Congress winning 18 seats. A. N. R. Robinson appointed Manning Prime Minister. Unable to elect a Speaker of the House of Representatives, Manning proceeded to rule without Parliament until the need to pass a Budget forced him to call elections in October 2002. His party won this election with 20 seats to 16 for the UNC and formed the new government. Year 1995 (MCMXCV) was a common year starting on Sunday (link will display full 1995 Gregorian calendar). ... Elections in Trinidad and Tobago gives information on election and election results in Trinidad and Tobago. ... Elections in Trinidad and Tobago gives information on election and election results in Trinidad and Tobago. ... Elections in Trinidad and Tobago gives information on election and election results in Trinidad and Tobago. ... The United National Congress (UNC) is one of the two major political organisations in the Republic of Trinidad and Tobago. ... The House of Representatives is the elected Lower House of the bicameral Parliament of Trinidad and Tobago. ... Also see: 2002 (number). ...

Under the current PNM administration income taxes have been substantially reduced and Corporation Tax has been reduced from 35% to 25% of profits for most companies. The Government has also re-instituted free university education and founded a new University of Trinidad & Tobago. The economy is currently booming, primarily due to high natural gas and oil prices and to significant increases in natural gas production. Unemployment is currently at historic low levels, with many jobs being created in the construction industry. However, violent crimes such as murders, rapes and kidnappings, rose sharply between 2002 and 2006, leading to widespread public dissatisfaction with the Government's ability to address crime. Over the past year the murder and reported kidnapping rates have declined, though are still at high-levels by international standards. There are also two members of his political party, that are sitting Members of Parliament, who are currently on corruption charges, and a senior member of his Cabinet who is being investigated by the Integrity Commission for alleged corruption. Tax rates around the world Tax revenue as % of GDP Economic policy Monetary policy Central bank   Money supply Fiscal policy Spending   Deficit   Debt Trade policy Tariff   Trade agreement Finance Financial market Financial market participants Corporate   Personal Public   Banking   Regulation        An income tax is a tax levied on the financial income... For the community in Florida, see University, Florida. ...

Despite vocal opposition, and a widespread perception that Patrick Manning is unpopular with large sections of the population, most political commentators believe that the party he leads will win a majority of seats when the next General Election is called (constitutionally due before February 2008). The split in the opposition party that occurred in 2006 and the formation of a new political entity in the Congress Of the People is widely seen as having significantly improved the PNM's chances. There have been numerous allegations, especially from the two main opposition parties, that he has boosted his chances of winning future elections by building low-cost State housing in marginal constituencies; as there is a perception that PNM supporters have traditionally been favoured in the allocation of State housing. The Congress of the people met in Kliptown, a suburb of Johannesburg, in 1955 to lay out the vision of the South African people. ...

During 2006 Patrick Manning was severely criticized in the media and in many public forums for his promoting the development of two aluminium smelters in the South West Peninsular of Trinidad. Protesters against the construction of the two smelters stated that they would be very detrimental to the environment and would not represent a good use of Trinidad & Tobago’s natural gas resources. In late 2006 and in response to the criticism the Government suspended plans to approve construction of one of the smelter projects, proposed by Alcoa, at the originally earmarked site. The Government has, however, given the green light to a second smelter and associated downstream activity, owned by a consortium between a private Venezuelan company and the Government. This second aluminum project received environmental clearance from the Environmental Management Authority in 2007. Public opposition to the construction of second smelter has continued, but is much less vocal and widespread than in 2006.

Prime Minister Manning had been implicated in the move to prosecute Trinidad and Tobago's Chief Justice, Satnarine Sharma for allegedly trying to pervert the course of justice. This move was seen as political interference and as an attack on the Judiciary of Trinidad and Tobago. The ensuing case fell apart when the main accuser, Chief Magistrate Sherman McNicholls, refused to testify in court. This move was seen as both a mockery of the Justice System and as collusion with Prime Minister Patrick Manning, who has now moved to appoint a tribunal to investigate the Chief Justice. The Politics series Politics Portal This box:      In the law, the judiciary or judicial system is the system of courts which administer justice in the name of the sovereign or state, a mechanism for the resolution of disputes. ...

References

1. ^ http://www.nalis.gov.tt/Biography/HazelManning.htm
2. ^ ^{a b c} Biographical Summary of the Prime Minister of Trinidad and Tobago, from NALIS, the National Library and Information Service of Trinidad and Tobago
3. ^ Meighoo, Kirk (2003). Politics in a Half Made Society: Trinidad and Tobago, 1925-2002. Ian Randle Publishers, Kingston, Jamaica. ISBN 976-637-079-6. 

See also

• List of national leaders

v • d • e Prime Ministers of Trinidad and Tobago
Eric Williams • George Chambers • A. N. R. Robinson • Patrick Manning • Basdeo Panday • Patrick Manning