Paul Éluard was the nom de plume of Eugène Grindel (December 14, 1895 – November 18, 1952), a French poet. He was active in the Dada and Surrealist movements. A pen name or nom de plume is a pseudonym adopted by an author. ... December 14 is the 348th day of the year (349th in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar. ... 1895 was a common year starting on Tuesday (see link for calendar). ... November 18 is the 322nd day of the year (323rd in leap years), with 43 remaining. ... 1952 - Wikipedia /**/ @import /skins/monobook/IE50Fixes. ... Poets are authors of poems. ... Dadaism or Dada is a post-World War I cultural movement in visual art as well as literature (mainly poetry), theatre and graphic design. ... Surrealism is an artistic movement and an aesthetic philosophy that aims for the liberation of the mind by emphasizing the critical and imaginative powers of the subconscious. ...

Paul Eluard was born in Saint-Denis, just outside of Paris. After a happy childhood, he contracted tuberculosis at 16 years old and was forced to halt his studies. In the Swiss sanatorium of Davos, he met Gala, born Helena Deluvina Diarkinoff, whom he married in 1917. Together they had a daughter named Cecile. At this point he began to write his first poems. He was particularly inspired by Walt Whitman. In 1918, he was discovered by Jean Paulhan, who presented him to Andre Breton and Louis Aragon. This was his introduction to the Dada movement. Saint-Denis is a commune of France, in the Seine-Saint-Denis département, of which it is a sous-préfecture. ... The Eiffel Tower has become the symbol of Paris throughout the world. ... Tuberculous lungs show up on an X-ray image Tuberculosis is an infection with the bacterium Mycobacterium tuberculosis, which most commonly affects the lungs (pulmonary TB) but can also affect the central nervous system (meningitis), lymphatic system, circulatory system (miliary TB), genitourinary system, bones and joints. ... Davos viewed from air Davos (population 13,000) is a town in eastern Switzerland, in the canton of Graubünden, on the Landwasser River. ... Gala Eluard Dalí, usually known simply as Gala (26 August 1894 - 10 June 1982) was inspiration for many artists. ... 1917 was a common year starting on Monday (see link for calendar). ... Walt Whitman (May 31, 1819 – March 26, 1892) was an American poet and humanist born on Long Island, New York. ... 1918 was a common year starting on Tuesday (see link for calendar). ... Andr Breton (February 18, 1896 - September 28, 1966) was a French writer, poet, and Surrealist theoretician. ... Louis Aragon (October 3, 1897 - December 24, 1982), French historian, poet and novelist. ... Dadaism or Dada is a post-World War I cultural movement in visual art as well as literature (mainly poetry), theatre and graphic design. ...

After a marital crisis, he began to travel, returning in 1924. His poems of this epoque reflected the difficulties of that period, in which he had another bout of tuberculosis and separated with Gala because she left him for Salvador Dalí. 1924 was a leap year starting on Tuesday (link will take you to calendar). ... Salvador Dalí as photographed in 1934 by Carl Van Vechten Salvador Domenec Felip Jacint Dalí Domenech (May 11, 1904 – January 23, 1989) was an important Catalan-Spanish painter, best known for his surrealist works. ...

In 1934, he married Nusch, (Maria Benz) a model of friends Man Ray and Pablo Picasso, who was considered somewhat of a mascot of the Surrealist movement. During World War II, he was involved in the French Resistance. He battled also with his poems, such as his 1942 poem "Liberty". His work was quite militant, yet simple. 1934 was a common year starting on Monday (link will take you to calendar). ... Man Ray photographed by Carl Van Vechten, 1934 Man Ray (August 27, 1890 - November 18, 1976) was an American Dadaist and surrealist photographer and film director. ... A young Pablo Picasso Pablo Picasso, formally Pablo Ruiz Picasso, (October 25, 1881 – April 8, 1973) was one of the recognized masters of 20th century art. ... Surrealism is an artistic movement and an aesthetic philosophy that aims for the liberation of the mind by emphasizing the critical and imaginative powers of the subconscious. ... Mushroom cloud from the nuclear explosion over Nagasaki rising 18 km into the air. ... The French Resistance is the name used for resistance movements that fought military occupation of France by Nazi Germany and the resulting Vichy France during World War II after France surrendered in 1940. ... 1942 was a common year starting on Thursday (link will take you to calendar). ...

After the premature death of Nusch, he met his last love, Dominique, and dedicated his work "The Phoenix" to her. Paul Eluard died from a heart attack in November 1952. He is buried in Père Lachaise Cemetery. 1952 - Wikipedia /**/ @import /skins/monobook/IE50Fixes. ... The Cimetière du Père Lachaise is the largest cemetery in Paris, and one of the most famous cemeteries in the world. ...

The poems in La Capitale de la Douleur, or The Capital of Pain, inspired the 1965 Jean-Luc Godard film Alphaville, une étrange aventure de Lemmy Caution. Jean-Luc Godard Jean-Luc Godard (born December 3, 1930) was one of the most influential members of the nouvelle vague. ... Alphaville, une étrange aventure de Lemmy Caution is a 99-minute 1965 science fiction film ( post-apocalyptic) directed by Jean-Luc Godard, starring Eddie Constantine, Anna Karina, Howard Vernon and Akim Tamiroff. ...

External links

• 24 poems in English translation (http://www.freenetpages.co.uk/hp/freeman/Eluard.htm)
• Works not in translation (http://www.geocities.com/timilie/oeuvre.html)
• Short biography and selected works (http://www.kalin.lm.com/eluard.html)