Paul Ben-Haim (1897-1984), also Paul Ben-Chaim, was an Israeli composer. Born in Munich, Germany as Paul Frankenburger, he was assistant conductor to Bruno Walter and Hans Knappertsbusch, 1920-1924; conductor at Augsburg 1924-1931; devoted himself to teaching and composition afterwards. Emigrated to pre-state Israel in 1933 and Hebraized his name. Composed chamber music, works for choir and orchestra, and songs. Championed a specifically Jewish national music: own compositions in a late Romantic vein with Middle Eastern overtones, somewhat similar to Ernest Bloch. Israel Prize for music in 1953. Nowadays, best known to the general public for his orchestration of the Israeli national anthem, Hatikva.