Paul Klee
Born	December 18, 1879(1879-12-18) Münchenbuchsee, Switzerland
Died	June 29, 1940 (aged 60) Muralto, Switzerland
Nationality	German/Swiss
Field	painting
Training	Academy of Fine Arts, Munich
Movement	expressionism cubism surrealism
Famous works	many well-known works, including Fish Magic, Golden Fish, Zitronen, and Viaducts Break Ranks

Cat and Bird by Paul Klee. 1928 oil and ink on gessoed canvas mounted on wood, 1928, Museum of Modern Art (New York City)

Angelus Novus

Paul Klee (IPA: kleː) (December 18, 1879, to June 29, 1940) was a Swiss painter of German nationality.^[a] He was influenced by many different art styles in his work, including expressionism, cubism, and surrealism. He and his friend, the Russian painter Wassily Kandinsky, were also famous for teaching at the Bauhaus school of art and architecture. Klee (literally Clover), named after Paul Klee, is a German Pop-band from Cologne. ... People named Klee include Paul Klee painter Victor Klee mathematician Ernst Klee German teacher, writer, and filmmaker of works about the Holocaust. ... is the 352nd day of the year (353rd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... 1879 (MDCCCLXXIX) was a common year starting on Wednesday (see link for calendar). ... Münchenbuchsee is a municipality in the district of Fraubrunnen, in the canton of Bern, Switzerland. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Switzerland. ... is the 180th day of the year (181st in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1940 (MCMXL) was a leap year starting on Monday (link will display the full 1940 calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... Muralto is a small town near Locarno, Switzerland. ... Academy of Fine Arts may mean: Academy of Fine Arts (Finland) (Finland), an institution of higher education, located in Helsinki Academy of Fine Arts, Cologne (Germany) Academy of Fine Arts, Ghent (Belgium) Academy of Fine Arts, Ljubljana (Slovenia) (Akademija za likovno umetnost) (ALU) Academy of Fine Arts, Milan (Italy) Academy... , For other uses, see Munich (disambiguation). ... The Scream by Edvard Munch (1893) which inspired 20th century Expressionists Portrait of Eduard Kosmack by Egon Schiele Rehe im Walde by Franz Marc Elbe Bridge I by Rolf Nesch On White II by Wassily Kandinsky, 1923. ... Woman with a guitar by Georges Braque, 1913 Cubist villa in Prague, Czech Republic Cubist house in Prague, Czech Republic Cubist House of the Black Madonna, Prague, Czech Republic Cubism was a 20th century art movement that revolutionized European painting and sculpture, and inspired related movements in music and literature. ... Max Ernst. ... Image File history File links Size of this preview: 800 × 571 pixelsFull resolution (934 × 667 pixel, file size: 82 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg)Cat and Bird by Paul Klee. ... Image File history File links Size of this preview: 800 × 571 pixelsFull resolution (934 × 667 pixel, file size: 82 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg)Cat and Bird by Paul Klee. ... Image File history File links Klee,_Angelus_novus. ... Image File history File links Klee,_Angelus_novus. ... Articles with similar titles include the NATO phonetic alphabet, which has also informally been called the “International Phonetic Alphabet”. For information on how to read IPA transcriptions of English words, see IPA chart for English. ... is the 352nd day of the year (353rd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... 1879 (MDCCCLXXIX) was a common year starting on Wednesday (see link for calendar). ... is the 180th day of the year (181st in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1940 (MCMXL) was a leap year starting on Monday (link will display the full 1940 calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... Painting by Rembrandt self-portrait Detail from Las Meninas by Diego Velazquez, in which the painter portrayed himself at work For the computer graphics program, see Corel Painter. ... The Scream by Edvard Munch (1893) which inspired 20th century Expressionists Portrait of Eduard Kosmack by Egon Schiele Rehe im Walde by Franz Marc Elbe Bridge I by Rolf Nesch On White II by Wassily Kandinsky, 1923. ... Woman with a guitar by Georges Braque, 1913 Cubist villa in Prague, Czech Republic Cubist house in Prague, Czech Republic Cubist House of the Black Madonna, Prague, Czech Republic Cubism was a 20th century art movement that revolutionized European painting and sculpture, and inspired related movements in music and literature. ... Max Ernst. ... Wassily Kandinsky (Russian: Василий Кандинский, first name pronounced as [vassi:li]) (December 16 [O.S. December 4] 1866 – December 13, 1944) was a Russian painter, printmaker and art theorist. ... For the British gothic rock band, see Bauhaus (band). ...

Life and work

Klee was born in Münchenbuchsee (near Bern), Switzerland, into a musical family—his father, Hans Klee, was a German music teacher at the Hofwil Teacher Seminar near Bern. Klee started young at both art and music. At age seven, he started playing the violin, and at age eight, he was given a box of chalk from his grandmother and was encouraged to draw frequently with it.^{[citation needed]} Paul could have done either as an adult; in his early years, he had wanted to be a musician, but he later decided on the visual arts during his teen years. He studied art at the Academy of Fine Arts in Munich with Heinrich Knirr and Franz von Stuck. After traveling to Italy and then back to Bern, he settled in Munich, where he met Wassily Kandinsky, Franz Marc, and other avant-garde figures and became associated with Der Blaue Reiter. Here he met Bavarian pianist Lily Stumpf, whom he married; they had one son named Felix Paul. Münchenbuchsee is a municipality in the district of Fraubrunnen, in the canton of Bern, Switzerland. ... Location within Switzerland The city of Bern, English traditionally Berne (Bernese German Bärn , German Bern , French Berne , Italian Berna , Romansh Berna ), is the Bundesstadt (administrative capital) of Switzerland, and is the fourth most populous Swiss city (after Zürich, Geneva and Basel). ... The Mona Lisa is one of the most recognizable artistic paintings in the Western world. ... This article is about the philosophical concept of Art. ... Akademie der Bildenden Künste München New Building Panoramic view of the Academy The Academy of Fine Arts, Munich (German: Akademie der Bildenden Künste München, also known as Munich Academy) was founded 1808 by Maximilian I of Bavaria in Munich as the Royal Academy of Fine Arts... , For other uses, see Munich (disambiguation). ... Franz Stuck (1863 - 1928), German symbolist/expressionist painter, was born at Tettenweis, in Bavaria, and received his artistic training at the Munich Academy. ... Wassily Kandinsky (Russian: Василий Кандинский, first name pronounced as [vassi:li]) (December 16 [O.S. December 4] 1866 – December 13, 1944) was a Russian painter, printmaker and art theorist. ... Franz Marc (February 8, 1880 – March 4, 1916) was one of the principal painters and printmakers of the German Expressionist movement. ... A work similar to Marcel Duchamps Fountain Avant garde (written avant-garde) is a French phrase, one of many French phrases used by English speakers. ... Cover of Der Blaue Reiter almanac. ... For other uses, see Bavaria (disambiguation). ...

In 1914, he visited Tunisia with August Macke and Louis Moilliet and was impressed by the quality of the light there, writing, "Colour has taken possession of me; no longer do I have to chase after it, I know that it has hold of me forever... Colour and I are one. I am a painter." Klee also visited Italy (1901), and Egypt (1928), both of which greatly influenced his art. Klee was one of Die Blaue Vier (The Blue Four), with Kandinsky, Feininger, and Von Jawlensky; formed in 1923, they lectured and exhibited together in the USA in 1924. Klee influenced the work of other noted artists of the early 20th century including Belgian printmaker Rene Carcan. Year 1914 (MCMXIV) was a common year starting on Thursday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Wednesday of the 13-day-slower Julian calendar). ... August Macke. ... Louis Moilliet (October 6, 1880 – August 24, 1962) was an artist from Switzerland who was noted as a painter and stained glass designer. ... Cover of Der Blaue Reiter almanac. ... Printmaking is a process for producing a work of art in ink; the work (called a print) is created indirectly, through the transfer of ink from the surface upon which the work was originally drawn or otherwise composed. ... Rene Carcan (May 25,1925-1993) was a prominent Belgian engraver and sculptor, who studied under Leon Devos, Jacque Maes and Johnny Friedlaender. ...

Klee worked with many different types of media—oil paint, watercolor, ink, and more. He often combined them into one work. He has been variously associated with expressionism, cubism and surrealism, but his pictures are difficult to classify. They often have a fragile child-like quality to them and are usually on a small scale. They frequently allude to poetry, music and dreams and sometimes include words or musical notation. The later works are distinguished by spidery hieroglyph-like symbols which he famously described as "taking a line for a walk". His better-known works include Southern (Tunisian) Gardens (1919), Ad Parnassum (1932), and Embrace (1939). View of Delft in oil paint, by Johannes Vermeer. ... Watercolor is a painting technique making use of water-soluble pigments that are either transparent or opaque and are formulated with gum to bond the pigment to the paper. ... An ink is a liquid containing various pigments and/or dyes used for coloring a surface to render an image or text. ... The Scream by Edvard Munch (1893) which inspired 20th century Expressionists Portrait of Eduard Kosmack by Egon Schiele Rehe im Walde by Franz Marc Elbe Bridge I by Rolf Nesch On White II by Wassily Kandinsky, 1923. ... Woman with a guitar by Georges Braque, 1913 Cubist villa in Prague, Czech Republic Cubist house in Prague, Czech Republic Cubist House of the Black Madonna, Prague, Czech Republic Cubism was a 20th century art movement that revolutionized European painting and sculpture, and inspired related movements in music and literature. ... Max Ernst. ... This article is about the art form. ... For other uses, see Dream (disambiguation). ... This article or section does not adequately cite its references or sources. ... A section of the Papyrus of Ani showing cursive hieroglyphs. ... Year 1919 (MCMXIX) was a common year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar). ... Year 1932 (MCMXXXII) was a leap year starting on Friday (the link will display full 1932 calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1939 (MCMXXXIX) was a common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ...

Following World War I, in which he painted camouflage on airplanes for the imperial German army, Klee taught at the Bauhaus, and from 1931 at the Düsseldorf Academy, before being denounced by the Nazi Party for producing "degenerate art" in 1933. The degenerate art exhibit catalogues had even called Klee's work "the work of a sick mind." “The Great War ” redirects here. ... For the British gothic rock band, see Bauhaus (band). ... The title of this article contains the character ü. Where it is unavailable or not desired, the name may be represented as Duesseldorf. ... The National Socialist German Workers Party (German: , or NSDAP, commonly, the Nazi Party), was a political party in Germany between 1920 and 1945 that was known as the German Workers Party before the name was changed in 1920. ... Joseph Goebbels, Adolf Hitler and Adolf Ziegler visit the entartete Kunst exhibition. ...

Composer Gunther Schuller also immortalized seven works of Klee's in his Seven Studies on Themes of Paul Klee. The studies are based on a range of works, including Alter Klang [Antique Harmonies], Abstraktes Terzett [Abstract Trio], Little Blue Devil, Twittering Machine, Arab Village, Ein unheimlicher Moment [An Eerie Moment], and Pastorale. Gunther Schuller Gunther Schuller (born November 22, 1925) studied at the St. ...

Another of Klee's paintings, Angelus Novus, was the object of an interpretive text by German philosopher and literary critic Walter Benjamin: In it, Benjamin suggests that the angel depicted in the painting might be seen as representing progress in history. In 1933, Paul Klee returned to Switzerland; in 1935, he began experiencing the symptoms of what was diagnosed as scleroderma after his death. The progression of his fatal case of the disease can be followed through the art he created in his last years. A philosopher is a person who thinks deeply regarding people, society, the world, and/or the universe. ... Literary criticism is the study, discussion, evaluation, and interpretation of literature. ... Walter Bendix Schönflies Benjamin (July 15, 1892 – September 27, 1940) was a German Marxist literary critic, essayist, translator, and philosopher. ... Historical progress has been a main object of philosophy of history. ... Scleroderma is a rare, chronic disease characterized by excessive deposits of collagen in the skin or other organs. ...

He died in Muralto, Switzerland, in 1940 without having obtained Swiss citizenship. The Swiss authorities eventually accepted his request six days after his death. When Paul Klee died at age sixty, he left at least 8926 works of art. The words on his tombstone say, "I belong not only to this life. I live as well with the dead, as with those not born. Nearer to the heart of creation than others, but still too far." Today, a painting by Paul Klee can sell for as much as $7.5 million. Muralto is a small town near Locarno, Switzerland. ... ISO 4217 Code USD User(s) the United States, the British Indian Ocean Territory,[1] the British Virgin Islands, East Timor, Ecuador, El Salvador, the Marshall Islands, Micronesia, Palau, Panama, Turks and Caicos Islands, and the insular areas of the United States Inflation 2. ...

Paul Klee Zentrum in Bern, Switzerland

A museum dedicated to Paul Klee was built in Bern, Switzerland, by the Italian architect Renzo Piano. It opened in June 2005 and houses a collection of about 4000 works by Paul Klee. Another substantial collection of Klee's works is owned by chemist and playwright Carl Djerassi and displayed at the San Francisco Museum of Modern Art. Image File history File links Metadata Size of this preview: 800 × 600 pixelsFull resolution (1024 × 768 pixel, file size: 187 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) Paul Klee Museum, Bern, Switzerland File history Legend: (cur) = this is the current file, (del) = delete this old version, (rev) = revert to this old version. ... Image File history File links Metadata Size of this preview: 800 × 600 pixelsFull resolution (1024 × 768 pixel, file size: 187 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) Paul Klee Museum, Bern, Switzerland File history Legend: (cur) = this is the current file, (del) = delete this old version, (rev) = revert to this old version. ... Location within Switzerland The city of Bern, English traditionally Berne (Bernese German Bärn , German Bern , French Berne , Italian Berna , Romansh Berna ), is the Bundesstadt (administrative capital) of Switzerland, and is the fourth most populous Swiss city (after Zürich, Geneva and Basel). ... The Padre Pio Pilgrimage Church in San Giovanni Rotondo. ... This article or section is not written in the formal tone expected of an encyclopedia article. ... San Francisco Museum of Modern Art (2004). ...

Analysis

Pamela Kort observed: "Klee's 1933 drawings present their beholder with an unparalleled opportunity to glimpse a central aspect of his aesthetics that has remained the possibilities of parody and wit. Herein lies their real significance, particularly for an audience unaware that Klee's art has political dimensions."[1] The Parthenons facade showing an interpretation of golden rectangles in its proportions. ... In contemporary usage, a parody (or lampoon) is a work that imitates another work in order to ridicule, ironically comment on, or poke some affectionate fun at the work itself, the subject of the work, the author or fictional voice of the parody, or another subject. ... Look up Wit in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ... Politics is the process by which decisions are made within groups. ...

Klee and colour

Throughout his career, Paul Klee used colour in a variety of unique and diverse means, in a relationship that has progressed and evolved in a variety of ways. For an artist that loved so much of the natural world, it seems rather odd that Klee originally despised color, believing that it was in itself, little more than a decoration to a work.^{[citation needed]}

Eventually, Klee would learn to manipulate color with great skill, coming to teach lessons on colour mixing and color theory to students at the Bauhaus. This progression in itself is of great interest because his views on colour would ultimately allow him to write about it from a unique viewpoint among his contemporaries. For the British gothic rock band, see Bauhaus (band). ...

Footnotes

• ^a  Paul Klee's father was a German citizen; his mother was Swiss. Swiss law determined citizenship along paternal lines, and thus Paul inherited his father's German citizenship. He even served in the German army during World War I. However, Klee grew up in Berne, Switzerland, and returned there often, even before his final emigration from Germany in 1933. He died before his application for Swiss citizenship was processed.^[1][2]

References

1. ^ Fayal, M.: Paul Klee: A man made in Switzerland, swissinfo, May 25, 2005. URL last accessed 2006-09-05.
2. ^ Zentrum Paul Klee: A Swiss without a red passport. URL last accessed 2006-09-05.

• Paul Klee: 1933 published by Städtische Galerie im Lenbachhaus, Munich, Helmut Friedel. Contains essays in German by Pamela Kort, Osamu Okuda, and Otto Karl Werckmeister.

• Kort, Pamela (2004-10-30). Comic Grotesque: Wit And Mockery In German Art, 1870-1940 (in English). PRESTEL, 208. ISBN 9783791331959. 

is the 145th day of the year (146th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2005 (MMV) was a common year starting on Saturday (link displays full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 248th day of the year (249th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 248th day of the year (249th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ...

External links

Wikiquote has a collection of quotations related to:

Paul Klee

• Zentrum Paul Klee - The Paul Klee museum in Bern
• Current exhibitions and connection to galeries at Artfacts.Net
• Paul Klee – Swissinfo web special
• Paul Klee at the Museum of Modern Art (MoMA)