NationMaster - Encyclopedia: Paul Langevin

Paul Langevin (January 23, 1872 – December 19, 1946) was a prominent French physicist who developed Langevin dynamics and the Langevin equation. He was one of the founders of the Comité de vigilance des intellectuels antifascistes, an antifascist organization created in the wake of the February 6, 1934 far right riots. He was also president of the Human Rights League (LDH) from 1944 to 1946 — he had just recently joined the French Communist Party. Paul Langevin was buried at the Panthéon. Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ... is the 23rd day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1872 (MDCCCLXXII) was a leap year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian Calendar (or a leap year starting on Saturday of the 12-day slower Julian calendar). ... It has been suggested that List of visitor attractions in Paris be merged into this article or section. ... is the 353rd day of the year (354th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1946 (MCMXLVI) was a common year starting on Tuesday (link will display full 1946 calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... It has been suggested that List of visitor attractions in Paris be merged into this article or section. ... Image File history File links This is a lossless scalable vector image. ... Image File history File links This is a lossless scalable vector image. ... Not to be confused with physician, a person who practices medicine. ... The University of Cambridge is the second-oldest university in the English-speaking world, with one of the most selective sets of entry requirements in the United Kingdom. ... Courtyard of the CollÃ¨ge de France. ... Inscription over the entrance to the Sorbonne The front of the Sorbonne Building The name Sorbonne (La Sorbonne) is commonly used to refer to the historic University of Paris in Paris, France or one of its successor institutions (see below), but this is a recent usage, and Sorbonne has actually... The École Supérieure de Physique et de Chimie Industrielles de la Ville de Paris or ESPCI (Higher School of Industrial Physics and Chemistry of the City of Paris) is a chemistry and physics engineering college run by the city of Paris, France. ... The École Supérieure de Physique et de Chimie Industrielles de la Ville de Paris or ESPCI (Higher School of Industrial Physics and Chemistry of the City of Paris) is a chemistry and physics engineering college run by the city of Paris, France. ... See also Ã‰cole Normale de Musique de Paris. ... Pierre Curie (Paris, France, May 15, 1859 â€“ April 19, 1906, Paris) was a French physicist, a pioneer in crystallography, magnetism, piezoelectricity and radioactivity. ... Image File history File links Nobel_prize_medal. ... IrÃ¨ne Joliot-Curie nÃ©e Curie, (12 September 1897 â€“ 17 March 1956) was a French scientist, the daughter of Marie SkÅ‚odowska-Curie and Pierre Curie and the wife of FrÃ©dÃ©ric Joliot-Curie. ... Image File history File links Nobel_prize_medal. ... In statistical physics, a Langevin equation is a stochastic differential equation describing Brownian motion in a potential. ... The Hughes Medal, named after microphone inventor David Edward Hughes, is one of several medals awarded by the Royal Society, Englands reigning academy of science. ... The Copley Medal is a scientific award for work in any field of science, the highest award granted by the Royal Society of London. ... is the 23rd day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1872 (MDCCCLXXII) was a leap year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian Calendar (or a leap year starting on Saturday of the 12-day slower Julian calendar). ... is the 353rd day of the year (354th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1946 (MCMXLVI) was a common year starting on Tuesday (link will display full 1946 calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... Not to be confused with physician, a person who practices medicine. ... Langevin dynamics is an approach to mechanics using simplified models and using stochastic differential equations to account for omitted degrees of freedom. ... In statistical physics, a Langevin equation is a stochastic differential equation describing Brownian motion in a potential. ... The Watchfulness Committee of Antifascist Intellectuals (ComitÃ© de vigilance des intellectuels antifascistes, CVIA) was a French political organization created in March 1934, in the wake of the February 6, 1934 riots organized by far right leagues, which had led to the fall of the second Cartel des gauches (Left-Wing... The 6 February 1934 crisis refers to an anti-parliamentarist demonstration organised in Paris by far-right leagues (antiparliamentarian militias), which finished by a riot on Place de la Concorde near the seat of the National Assembly. ... The Ligue des droits de lhomme (LDH, Human Rights League) is a French NGO founded on June 4, 1898, by the republican Ludovic Trarieux to defend captain Alfred Dreyfus, a Jew wrongly accused of treason - this would be known as the Dreyfus Affair. ... This does not cite any references or sources. ... The PanthÃ©on The PanthÃ©on is a building in the Latin Quarter in Paris, France. ...

Life

He was born in Paris, and studied at the École de Physique et Chimie and the École Normale Supérieure. He then went to Cambridge University and studied in the Cavendish Laboratory under Sir Joseph John Thomson. Langevin returned to the Sorbonne and obtained his Ph.D. from Pierre Curie in 1902. In 1904 he became professor of physics at the Collège de France. In 1926 he became director of the École de Physique et Chimie, where he had been educated. He was elected, in 1934, to the Académie des sciences. It has been suggested that List of visitor attractions in Paris be merged into this article or section. ... The Ã‰cole SupÃ©rieure de Physique et de Chimie Industrielles de la Ville de Paris or ESPCI (Higher School of Industrial Physics and Chemistry of the City of Paris) is an elite chemistry and physics engineering college run by the city of Paris, France and a member of ParisTech (Paris... See also Ã‰cole Normale de Musique de Paris. ... The University of Cambridge (often Cambridge University), located in Cambridge, England, is the second-oldest university in the English-speaking world and has a reputation as one of the worlds most prestigious universities. ... Plaque, at old site Entrance, old site, Free School Lane The Cavendish Laboratory is the University of Cambridges Department of Physics, and is part of the universitys School of Physical Sciences. ... Sir Joseph John Thomson Sir Joseph John Thomson (18 December 1856 – 30 August 1940), often known as J. J. Thomson, was an English physicist, the discoverer of the electron. ... The Sorbonne, Paris, in a 17th century engraving The historic University of Paris (French: ) first appeared in the second half of the 12th century, but was in 1970 reorganised as 13 autonomous universities (University of Paris Iâ€“XIII). ... Doctor of Philosophy (Ph. ... Pierre Curie (Paris, France, May 15, 1859 â€“ April 19, 1906, Paris) was a French physicist, a pioneer in crystallography, magnetism, piezoelectricity and radioactivity. ... The meaning of the word professor (Latin: one who claims publicly to be an expert) varies. ... This is a discussion of a present category of science. ... Courtyard of the CollÃ¨ge de France. ... The French Academy of Sciences (AcadÃ©mie des sciences) is a learned society, founded in 1666 by Louis XIV at the suggestion of Jean-Baptiste Colbert, to encourage and protect the spirit of French scientific research. ...

Langevin is noted for his work on paramagnetism and diamagnetism, and devised the modern interpretation of this phenomenon in terms of electric charges of electrons within atoms. His most famous work was in the use of ultrasound using Pierre Curie's piezoelectric effect. During World War I, he began working on the use of these sounds to detect submarines through echo location. However the war was over by the time he had it operational. During his career, Paul Langevin also did much to spread the theory of relativity in France. Simple Illustration of a paramagnetic probe made up from miniature magnets. ... Levitating pyrolytic carbon Diamagnetism is a form of magnetism that is only exhibited by a substance in the presence of an externally applied magnetic field. ... Properties The electron (also called negatron, commonly represented as e−) is a subatomic particle. ... For other uses, see Atom (disambiguation). ... Ultrasound is a form of cyclic sound pressure with a frequency greater than the upper limit of human hearing, this limit being approximately 20 kilohertz (20,000 hertz). ... Piezoelectricity is the ability of certain crystals to produce a voltage when subjected to mechanical stress. ... â€œThe Great War â€ redirects here. ... USS Virginia, a Virginia-class nuclear attack (SSN) submarine Alvin in 1978, a year after first exploring hydrothermal vents. ... Two-dimensional analogy of space-time curvature described in General Relativity. ...

In 1910 he supposedly had an affair with Marie Curie ^{[citation needed]} — today, their respective grandaughter and grandson are married to one another : Hélène Langevin-Joliot and Michel Langevin. He was also noted for being an outspoken opponent of Nazism, and was removed from his post by the Vichy government following the occupation of the country by Nazi Germany. He was later restored to his position in 1944. He died in Paris in 1946, two years after living to see the Liberation of Paris. Maria Skłodowska-Curie. ... There are very few or no other articles that link to this one. ... National Socialism redirects here. ... Motto Travail, famille, patrie French: Unoccupied zone of Vichy France (until November 1942) Capital Vichy Capital-in-exile Sigmaringen (1944-1945) Language(s) French Religion Roman Catholic Government Dictatorship Chief of state - 1940 â€” 1944 Philippe PÃ©tain President of the Council - 1940 â€” 1942 Philippe PÃ©tain - 1942 â€” 1944 Pierre Laval... The German occupation of France in World War II occurred during the period between May of 1940 to December of 1944. ... Nazi Germany, or the Third Reich, commonly refers to Germany in the years 1933–1945, when it was under the firm control of the totalitarian and fascist ideology of the Nazi Party, with the Führer Adolf Hitler as dictator. ... The Liberation of Paris in World War II took place in late August 1944 after the battle of Normandy. ...

Image File history File links Download high-resolution version (1228x1512, 912 KB) Albert Einstein, Paul Ehrenfest, Paul Langevin, Heike Kamerlingh Onnes, and Pierre Weiss at Ehrenfests home in Leiden, the Netherlands (1920). ... Image File history File links Download high-resolution version (1228x1512, 912 KB) Albert Einstein, Paul Ehrenfest, Paul Langevin, Heike Kamerlingh Onnes, and Pierre Weiss at Ehrenfests home in Leiden, the Netherlands (1920). ... â€œEinsteinâ€ redirects here. ... Paul Ehrenfest Paul Ehrenfest (Vienna, January 18, 1880 â€“ Amsterdam, September 25, 1933) was an Austrian physicist and mathematician, who obtained Dutch citizenship on March 24, 1922. ... Heike Kamerlingh Onnes (September 21, 1853 â€“ February 21, 1926) was a Dutch physicist. ... Leyden redirects here. ...

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Isaac Asimov (January 2?, 1920?[1] â€“ April 6, 1992), IPA: , originally Ð˜ÑÐ°Ð°Ðº ÐžÐ·Ð¸Ð¼Ð¾Ð² but now transcribed into Russian as ÐÐ¹Ð·ÐµÐº ÐÐ·Ð¸Ð¼Ð¾Ð²) was a Russian-born American Jewish author and professor of biochemistry, a highly successful and exceptionally prolific writer best known for his works of science fiction and for his popular science books. ... See also: 1971 in literature, other events of 1972, 1973 in literature, list of years in literature. ...

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