NationMaster - Encyclopedia: Paul Martin

Paul Edgar Philippe Martin PC MP (also known as Paul Martin, Jr.) (born August 28, 1938) was the Prime Minister of Canada and a former leader of the Liberal Party of Canada. Paul Martin can refer to several different people: Paul Edgar Philippe Martin (or Paul Martin Jr. ... The Right Honourable (abbreviated Rt Hon, The Rt Hon, The Right Hon, Right Hon) is an honorific prefix that is traditionally applied to certain people in the United Kingdom, Canada, Australia, New Zealand, the Anglophone Caribbean and in other Commonwealth Realms, and elsewhere. ... The Privy Council Office as it appeared in the 1880s The Queens Privy Council for Canada (French: Conseil privÃ© de la Reine pour le Canada) is the council of advisers to the Queen of Canada, whose members are appointed by the Governor General of Canada for life on the... 38th Parliament Members of the House of Commons in the 38th Parliament of Canada, as of May 17, 2005. ... Image File history File links Voa_mcculloch_canada_election_paul_martin_150_eng_27jun04. ... Regions Political culture Foreign relations Other countries Atlas Politics Portal The Prime Minister of Canada (French: Premier ministre du Canada), is the Minister of the Crown who is head of the Government of Canada. ... is the 346th day of the year (347th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2003 (MMIII) was a common year starting on Wednesday of the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 37th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... Elizabeth II (Elizabeth Alexandra Mary Windsor; born 21 April 1926) is Queen of sixteen sovereign states, holding each crown and title equally. ... Joseph Jacques Jean ChrÃ©tien, usually known as Jean ChrÃ©tien, PC, QC, BA, BCL, LLD (h. ... Stephen Joseph Harper (born April 30, 1959) is the 22nd and current Prime Minister of Canada and leader of the Conservative Party of Canada. ... LaSalleâ€”Ã‰mard in relation to the other Montreal area ridings LaSalleâ€”Ã‰mard is a federal electoral district in Quebec, Canada, that has been represented in the Canadian House of Commons since 1988. ... Open seat redirects here. ... is the 325th day of the year (326th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1988 (MCMLXXXVIII) was a leap year starting on Friday (link displays 1988 Gregorian calendar). ... Claude Lanthier (born January 24, 1933) is a former Canadian politician. ... is the 240th day of the year (241st in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1938 (MCMXXXVIII) was a common year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... Nickname: Motto: The river and the land sustain us. ... Motto: Ut Incepit Fidelis Sic Permanet (Latin: Loyal she began, loyal she remains) Capital Toronto Largest city Toronto Official languages English (de facto) Government Lieutenant-Governor David C. Onley Premier Dalton McGuinty (Liberal) Federal representation in Canadian Parliament House seats 107 Senate seats 24 Confederation July 1, 1867 (1st) Area... The Liberal Party of Canada (French: ), colloquially known as the Grits (originally Clear Grits), is a Canadian federal political party. ... Categories: Canadian people stubs | 1943 births | Spouses of the Prime Ministers of Canada ... Nickname: Motto: Concordia Salus (well-being through harmony) Coordinates: , Country Province Region MontrÃ©al Founded 1642 Established 1832 Government - Mayor GÃ©rald Tremblay Area [1][2][3] - Total 365. ... For the fish called lawyer, see Burbot. ... The Roman Catholic Church, most often spoken of simply as the Catholic Church, is the largest Christian church, with over one billion members. ... The Privy Council Office as it appeared in the 1880s The Queens Privy Council for Canada (French: Conseil privÃ© de la Reine pour le Canada) is the council of advisers to the Queen of Canada, whose members are appointed by the Governor General of Canada for life on the... 38th Parliament Members of the House of Commons in the 38th Parliament of Canada, as of May 17, 2005. ... is the 240th day of the year (241st in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1938 (MCMXXXVIII) was a common year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... Regions Political culture Foreign relations Other countries Atlas Politics Portal The Prime Minister of Canada (French: Premier ministre du Canada), is the Minister of the Crown who is head of the Government of Canada. ... The Liberal Party of Canada (French: ), colloquially known as the Grits (originally Clear Grits), is a Canadian federal political party. ...

On November 14, 2003, Martin succeeded Jean Chrétien as leader of the Liberal Party and became Prime Minister on December 12, 2003. The 2004 election yielded a minority government in which the Liberals under Martin remained in power. Forced by a confidence vote, the 2006 general election produced a minority victory for the opposition Conservative Party, making Stephen Harper Prime Minister. Martin resigned as parliamentary leader after the election. He stayed on as party leader until March 18, handing the reins to interim Liberal leader Bill Graham. is the 318th day of the year (319th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2003 (MMIII) was a common year starting on Wednesday of the Gregorian calendar. ... Joseph Jacques Jean ChrÃ©tien, usually known as Jean ChrÃ©tien, PC, QC, BA, BCL, LLD (h. ... is the 346th day of the year (347th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2003 (MMIII) was a common year starting on Wednesday of the Gregorian calendar. ... The Canadian federal election, 2004 (more formally, the 38th general election), was held on June 28, 2004 to elect members of the Canadian House of Commons. ... For minority governments in general, see dominant minority. ... A motion of no confidence, also called a motion of non-confidence, a censure motion, a no-confidence motion, or simply a confidence motion, is a parliamentary motion traditionally put before a parliament by the opposition in the hope of defeating or embarrassing a government. ... Rendition of party representation in the 39th Canadian parliament decided by this election. ... The Conservative Party of Canada (French: Parti conservateur du Canada), colloquially known as the Tories, is a conservative political party in Canada, formed by the merger of the Canadian Alliance and the Progressive Conservative Party of Canada in December 2003. ... Stephen Joseph Harper (born April 30, 1959) is the 22nd and current Prime Minister of Canada and leader of the Conservative Party of Canada. ... is the 77th day of the year (78th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... William C. (Bill) Graham, PC, QC, LL.D, D.U., B.A.(Hon. ...

Martin has served as the Member of Parliament for the riding of LaSalle—Émard in Montreal since the 1988. He served as Minister of Finance from 1993 to 2002. He oversaw many changes in the financial structure of the Canadian government, and his policies had a direct effect on eliminating the country's chronic fiscal deficit by cutting various programs including social services. A Member of Parliament, or MP, is a representative elected by the voters to a parliament. ... An electoral district is a geographically-based constituency upon which Canadas representative democracy is based. ... LaSalleâ€”Ã‰mard in relation to the other Montreal area ridings LaSalleâ€”Ã‰mard is a federal electoral district in Quebec, Canada, that has been represented in the Canadian House of Commons since 1988. ... Nickname: Motto: Concordia Salus (well-being through harmony) Coordinates: , Country Province Region MontrÃ©al Founded 1642 Established 1832 Government - Mayor GÃ©rald Tremblay Area [1][2][3] - Total 365. ... Map of the Popular Vote with bar graphs showing seat totals in the provinces and territories The Canadian Parliament after the 1988 election The Canadian federal election of 1988 was held November 21, 1988, to elect members of the Canadian House of Commons. ... The Minister of Finance is one of the most important positions in the Cabinet of Canada. ...

According to Canadian protocol, as a former Prime Minister, he retains the title "The Right Honourable" for life. The Right Honourable (abbreviated Rt Hon, The Rt Hon, The Right Hon, Right Hon) is an honorific prefix that is traditionally applied to certain people in the United Kingdom, Canada, Australia, New Zealand, the Anglophone Caribbean and in other Commonwealth Realms, and elsewhere. ...

Early life

Paul Martin was born in Windsor, Ontario. His father, Paul Joseph James Martin, a Franco-Ontarian of half Irish and half French descent, served thirty-three years as a member of the Canadian House of Commons, and was a Cabinet minister in four Liberal governments. His mother, Eleanor "Nelly" Alice Adams, was of Scottish, Irish, and Métis descent.^[1] He has one sister, Mary Anne. Martin grew up in Windsor and Ottawa. To give him the opportunity to improve his French, his parents enrolled him in a private French-language middle school, École Garneau in Ottawa. He then briefly attended the University of Ottawa. Nickname: Motto: The river and the land sustain us. ... Motto: Ut Incepit Fidelis Sic Permanet (Latin: Loyal she began, loyal she remains) Capital Toronto Largest city Toronto Official languages English (de facto) Government Lieutenant-Governor David C. Onley Premier Dalton McGuinty (Liberal) Federal representation in Canadian Parliament House seats 107 Senate seats 24 Confederation July 1, 1867 (1st) Area... The Right Hon. ... Franco-Ontarians (French: Franco-ontarien) are French Canadian or francophone residents of the Canadian province of Ontario. ... Type Lower House Speaker Peter Milliken, Liberal since January 29, 2001 Leader of the Government in the House of Commons Peter Van Loan, Conservative since January 4, 2007 Opposition House Leader Ralph Goodale, Liberal since January 23, 2006 Members 308 Political groups Conservative Party Liberal Party Bloc QuÃ©bÃ©cois... This article is about the governmental body. ... This article is about the capital city of Canada. ... Middle school (also known as intermediate school or junior high school) covers a period of education that straddles primary/elementary education and secondary education, serving as a bridge between the two. ... For the university in Ottawa, Kansas, see Ottawa University. ...

Martin then went on to study at the University of St. Michael's College at the University of Toronto, and graduated with a BA in history and philosophy in 1961. He followed his father's path to the University of Toronto Law School where he received his LL.B in 1965. He was called to the Ontario bar in 1966.^[2] The Brennan Hall complex at St. ... The University of Toronto (U of T) is a public research university in the city of Toronto, Ontario, Canada. ...

In 1965, Martin married Sheila Ann Cowan, with whom he has three sons: Paul, Jamie and David. Categories: Canadian people stubs | 1943 births | Spouses of the Prime Ministers of Canada ...

Image File history File links Martinship. ... Image File history File links Martinship. ...

Business career

Power Corporation

In 1963, a non-controlling share of CSL was purchased by Montreal-headquartered Power Corporation, a Quebec industrial conglomerate with interests in electricity generation, pulp and paper, and oil and gas. CSL continued operating and expanding its great lakes shipping line and the Collingwood and Lauzon shipyards through the 1960s, and witnessed several labour disputes. Power Corporation is a major Canadian company with interests in a number of industries, such as media, pulp and paper, and finance. ...

Board of directors

In 1969, Power Corporation took a controlling-share in CSL. On December 2, 1970, Paul Martin, the 32-year old executive assistant to Power Corporation Chief Executive Officer (CEO) Maurice Strong, was appointed to the CSL board of directors. ^[3] In 1971 CSL minority shareholders sold outstanding shares to Power Corporation, making CSL a Power Corporation subsidiary. is the 336th day of the year (337th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1970 (MCMLXX) was a common year starting on Thursday (link shows full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... â€œChief executiveâ€ redirects here. ... Maurice F. Strong,(born April 29, 1929, in Oak Lake, Manitoba) is an industrialist and public servant and was the Secretary-General of the 1992 United Nations Conference on Environment and Development (UNCED), better known as the Earth Summit. ...

At this time, CSL was given elevated status, where in the words of Power Corporation "...in order to increase its [Power Corporation's] own cash flow and take advantage of new federal tax regulations benefiting operating companies over holding companies, CSL took over most of Power’s investment portfolio at book value."

Presidency

CSL suffered losses in 1972 when forced to cover unexpected cost overruns in the construction of three 80,000-ton ocean-going tankers at Davie Shipbuilding. On November 22, 1973 Paul Martin was appointed President and CEO of the CSL Group. ^[3] In 1974, CSL earnings were further hurt by an eight-week strike on the Great Lakes. Commercial crude oil supertanker AbQaiq. ... is the 326th day of the year (327th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... For the song by James Blunt, see 1973 (song). ...

In 1976, Power Corporation reversed itself and took over the investment portfolio which had been sold to CSL five years earlier. CSL reverted to an operating division of Power Corporation at this time. On June 7, 1981, CSL President and CEO Paul Martin announced plans to expand outside of the Great Lakes and St. Lawrence River: "The Great Lakes are essentially a Canadian pond... Canadians have captured 95 percent of the business. Now we want our chance to try our wings on the oceans." is the 158th day of the year (159th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1981 (MCMLXXXI) was a common year starting on Thursday (link displays the 1981 Gregorian calendar). ...

Purchase of CSL Group Inc.

One month later, in July, 1981 Power Corporation announced it was selling its subsidiary CSL Group for $195 million (CAD). CSL Group at this time included the shipping company, shipyards, engineering firms, and a bus service (Voyageur, previously known as Provincial Transport). The following month in August, 1981, Paul Martin and his friend Lawrence Pathy secured financing and announced their intention to purchase CSL Group Incorporated for the price advertised by Power Corporation. Power Corporation is a major Canadian company with interests in a number of industries, such as media, pulp and paper, and finance. ... A pilot boat alongside a CSL bulk carrier. ... Voyageur Colonial Bus Lines (Voyageur) was an intercity bus company founded in 1928 that serves Eastern Quebec and Western Ontario, primarily the cities of Montreal, Ottawa and Kingston. ... Power Corporation is a major Canadian company with interests in a number of industries, such as media, pulp and paper, and finance. ...

On August 9, 1983 citing federal government interference in the shipping industry, Martin stated: "then... they are going to come in with some grand and glorious package that will give the government control of the industry because they don't understand private enterprise." is the 221st day of the year (222nd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1983 (MCMLXXXIII) was a common year starting on Saturday (link displays the 1983 Gregorian calendar). ...

By the mid-1980s, CSL's only remaining shipyard (Collingwood) was undergoing financial difficulties and was closed on September 12, 1986 with the loss of 800 jobs. At the same time, CSL Group Inc.'s expansion outside of Canada was well underway. Martin was elected as a Member of Parliament in November 1988 and resigned as President and CEO, stepping aside from directing the day-to-day operations of the company. is the 255th day of the year (256th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1986 (MCMLXXXVI) was a common year starting on Wednesday (link displays 1986 Gregorian calendar). ... A Member of Parliament, or MP, is a representative elected by the voters to a parliament. ...

In March 1991, following changes to Canada's taxation laws regarding international earnings, CSL backed away from threats to move its headquarters outside of Canada, however in December the president who replaced Martin resigned in opposition to plans to move international operations outside the country.

Replacement management in April, 1992 formed a new CSL Group Inc. subsidiary headquartered in Massachusetts to be called CSL International Inc. Canada Steamship Lines Inc. would remain as the Canadian operation under CSL Group Inc., and the conglomerate would remain headquartered in Montreal. This article is about the U.S. state. ...

Public Office

In November 1993, the newly re-elected Paul Martin was appointed to the cabinet and named Minister of Finance. On February 1, 1994 Martin placed his shares in CSL Group Inc. under a "Supervisory Agreement" to be managed by lawyers and financial advisers, although he would be allowed to intervene in company decision-making should events warrant. is the 32nd day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1994 (MCMXCIV) The year 1994 was designated as the International Year of the Family and the International Year of the Sport and the Olympic Ideal by the United Nations. ...

In June 2002, Martin quit the cabinet as Minister of Finance to pursue a bid for leadership of the Liberal Party of Canada. On March 11, 2003 Martin bowed to public and media pressure on his interest in CSL Group Inc. and announced that he would sell his interests in the company to his three sons, saying that his ownership would "provide an unnecessary distraction during the leadership race." The Liberal Party of Canada (French: ), colloquially known as the Grits (originally Clear Grits), is a Canadian federal political party. ... is the 70th day of the year (71st in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2003 (MMIII) was a common year starting on Wednesday of the Gregorian calendar. ...

On December 12, 2003 Martin became the Prime Minister of Canada. On January 28, 2004 the federal government, in response to opposition party and media enquiries, revealed that CSL Group Inc. had received $162 million in federal government contracts, grants and loans since Paul Martin became Minister of Finance in 1993. Earlier figures released in 2003 had suggested CSL Group Inc. had only earned $137,000 during this time period. is the 346th day of the year (347th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2003 (MMIII) was a common year starting on Wednesday of the Gregorian calendar. ... Regions Political culture Foreign relations Other countries Atlas Politics Portal The Prime Minister of Canada (French: Premier ministre du Canada), is the Minister of the Crown who is head of the Government of Canada. ... is the 28th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2004 (MMIV) was a leap year starting on Thursday of the Gregorian calendar. ...

Throughout the 1990s, CSL Group Inc. oversaw the reflagging of several former Canadian-registered vessels which were placed under the shipping registries of nations commonly referred to as flags of convenience, where safety and labour laws were relaxed to be more business-friendly. This was often criticized by Martin's political opponents. [3] A flag of convenience is a flag of one country, flown by a ship owned by a citizen of another country. ...

Political career

Candidacy for the Liberal Party leadership

In 1984, the Liberal Party was defeated under the leadership of John Turner, falling to just 40 seats. Many Liberals looked to replace Turner with a political newcomer. A group of young Liberals approached Martin as a possible candidate, and while he did not take part in an attempt to overthrow Turner, he did prepare to succeed him in the leadership should the position open. Martin was considered by many to be Turner's ideological successor, as Jean Chretien was to Pierre Trudeau. John Napier Wyndham Turner PC CC QC (born June 7, 1929) was the seventeenth Prime Minister of Canada from June 30, 1984 to September 17, 1984. ... â€œTrudeauâ€ redirects here. ...

In 1988, Martin was elected as the Member of Parliament for the Western Montreal riding of LaSalle-Émard. He was reelected at every election since then without much difficulty.

He was a candidate at the 1990 Liberal leadership convention, losing to Jean Chrétien in a bitter race that resulted in lasting animosity between the two men and their supporters. A key moment in that race took place at an all-candidates debate in Montreal, where the discussion quickly turned to the Meech Lake Accord. Martin, favouring Meech, attempted to force Chrétien to abandon his nuanced position on the deal and declare for or against it. When Chrétien refused to endorse the deal, young Liberal delegates crowding the hall began to chant "Vendu" - ("sellout" in French) and "Judas" at Chrétien. Chrétien blamed Martin for allegedly inciting the response from the floor and another similar outburst by Martin supporters at the convention when Chrétien accepted the nomination, though Martin denied it. In particular, it resulting in Chrétien being personally unpopular in his home province, even though the majority of Canadians opposed the Accord. Jean Lapierre and his supporters, who were in favour of Martin, wore black armbands at the convention to protest Chrétien's victory. The Meech Lake Accord was officially defeated by a motion from Newfoundland Premier Clyde Wells, just one day before the Liberal leadership was to be decided. In the House of Commons, Lapierre then crossed the floor to the newly formed Bloc Québécois. [4] The first three leaders of the Liberal Party of Canada were not chosen at a convention. ... The period between Paul Martins assumption of the leadership of the Liberal Party of Canada on November 14, 2003, and the 2004 federal election being called on May 23, 2004, saw a considerable amount of infighting within the party. ... The Meech Lake Accord was a set of failed amendments to the Constitution of Canada negotiated in 1987 by Prime Minister Brian Mulroney and the provincial premiers, including Robert Bourassa, premier of Quebec. ... Hon. ... This article is about the Canadian province of Newfoundland and Labrador. ... Clyde Kirby Wells (born November 9, 1937) is a Newfoundland and Labrador judge and former politician and Premier of the province. ... The Bloc QuÃ©bÃ©cois (BQ) is a centre-left federal political party in Canada that defines itself as devoted to the promotion of sovereignty for Quebec. ...

After the leadership convention, Martin co-authored the election platform "Creating Opportunity," colliqually known as the Red Book. The Liberal Party won a landslide majority government in the 1993 election. The Red Book, officially titled Creating Opportunity: The Liberal Plan for Canada was the platform of the Liberal Party of Canada in the 1993 Canadian election. ... Popular vote map with bar graphs showing seat totals in the provinces and territories. ...

Finance Minister

After the Liberals formed the government, Martin was chosen as Minister of Finance by Prime Minister Chrétien, and appointed by Governor General Raymond Hnatyshyn. At the time, Canada had one of the highest annual deficits of the G7 countries. As finance minister, Martin erased a $42 billion deficit, recorded five consecutive budget surpluses, and paid down $36 billion of national debt. The Governor General of Canada (French (feminine): Gouverneure gÃ©nÃ©rale du Canada or (masculine) Gouverneur gÃ©nÃ©ral du Canada) is the vice-regal representative in Canada of the Canadian monarch, who is the head of state; Canada is one of sixteen Commonwealth realms, all of which share the... MP Ray Hnatyshyn & Gilles Lamontagne Minister of National Defence attend a reception following a parade at #107 Spitfire Royal Canadian Air Cadet Squadron in Saskatoon, SK - circa 1980 Ramon John Ray Hnatyshyn, PC, CC, CMM, CD, BA, LL.B, QC, FRHSC (hon) (anglicized pronunciation ) (March 16, 1934 â€“ December 18, 2002... G7 or G-7 or Group of Seven may be: Group of Seven (G7), a group of seven industrialized nations of the world, formed in 1976 when Canada joined the Group of Six (United States of America, France, Germany, Italy, Japan, United Kingdom); now known as G8 (with Russia) Group...

During his tenure as finance minister Martin was responsible for lowering Canada's debt-to-GDP ratio from a peak of seventy per cent to about fifty per cent in the mid-1990s. In December 2001, he was named as a member of the World Economic Forum's "dream cabinet."^[4] The global business and financial body listed Martin along with United States Secretary of State Colin Powell and United Nations Secretary-General Kofi Annan as top world leaders. This article or section does not cite any references or sources. ... General Colin Luther Powell, United States Army (Ret. ... Kofi Atta Annan (born April 8, 1938) is a Ghanaian diplomat who served as the seventh Secretary-General of the United Nations from January 1, 1997 to January 1, 2007, serving two five-year terms. ...

Also during his tenure as finance minister, Martin coordinated a series of meetings between the finance ministers of all provinces to discuss how to address the pending crisis in the Canada Pension Plan (CPP). Consequently, Martin oversaw the creation of a general public consultation process in February 1996 that eventually led to major structural reform of the CPP. The results of this public consultation process were collected and analyzed by the Finance ministry. Eventually, it led to a proposal for overhauling the CPP, which was presented to Parliament and was approved soon after, thereby averting a pension crisis if left unaddressed.^[5]^[4] The Canada Pension Plan (CPP) is a contributory, earnings-related social insurance program. ...

While Martin's record as finance minister was lauded in business and financial circles, there were undeniable costs. Some of these costs took the form of reduced government services, affecting the operations and achievement of the mandate of federal and provincial departments. This was probably most noticeable in health care, as major reductions in federal funding to the provinces meant significant cuts in service delivery. Martin's tactics, including those of using surplus funds from pension plans and Employment Insurance, created further controversy. The term medicare (in lowercase) (French: assurance maladie) is the unofficial name for Canadas universal public health insurance system. ... Unemployment benefits are sums of money given to the unemployed by the government or a compulsory para-governmental insurance system. ...

Becoming Prime Minister

Prime Minister Chrétien and Martin frequently clashed while in office. It was often reported that Chrétien had never forgiven Martin for running against him in the Liberal leadership convention of 1990, and privately often condemned Martin in bitter terms to his aides. The period between Paul Martins assumption of the leadership of the Liberal Party of Canada on November 14, 2003, and the 2004 federal election being called on May 23, 2004, saw a considerable amount of infighting within the party. ...

Even before the Liberals' second electoral victory in the 1997 election, there was much speculation in the media and in Ottawa that Martin was after Chrétien's job and wanted to force the Prime Minister to retire. As the Liberals emerged with a thin majority government after the 1997 election, though it was unlikely that any opposition party could pose a serious challenge, Martin began to gain support from those who began to disagree with Chrétien. Chrétien, however, resolved to stay on after the Liberals were re-elected in 2000, having regained much of the ground lost in 1997. By this time, Martin had gained control of much of the party machinery. 36th Parliament The Canadian federal election of 1997 was held on June 2, 1997, to elect members of the Canadian House of Commons. ...

The conflicts between the two men reached a peak in 2002. Martin was removed from Cabinet. Martin was replaced by John Manley as Finance Minister, with some debate on whether Martin resigned or Chrétien had him dismissed. Being out of Cabinet was likely a boost to his campaign as he was no longer obligated to disclose his donors. Soon after, Martin formally declared his intention to run as leader of the Liberal Party at the next party convention. Over the summer of 2002, Martin toured the country campaigning to succeed Chrétien while his Liberal organizers prepared to challenge Chrétien's leadership during a review vote in January 2003. During the fall, Chrétien announced that he would step down in the spring of 2004 after less than half of caucus agreed to sign a commitment supporting him. The Liberal party called a leadership convention for the fall of 2003, to be held in Toronto. The Honourable John Manley, PC , BA , LL.B The Honourable John Paul Manley, PC , BA , LL.B is a Canadian lawyer, businessperson and politician, was born on January 5, 1950 in Ottawa. ... The first three leaders of the Liberal Party of Canada were not chosen at a convention. ...

Several other potential leadership contenders, such as Brian Tobin and Allan Rock, declined to enter the contest. John Manley's attacks on Martin's refusal to disclose his campaign contributors did little to dent the latter's commanding lead and Manley eventually conceded the race. On September 21, 2003, he easily defeated his sole remaining opponent, former Deputy Prime Minister Sheila Copps by securing ninety-three per cent of the party delegates from across the country. On November 14, 2003, he was formally declared the winner at the Liberal leadership convention, capturing 3,242 of 3,455 votes. He had won the leadership almost unopposed, due to his hold on the party machinery, and because Chrétien supporters did not rally around either of the leadership opponents. Brian Vincent Tobin, PC (born October 21, 1954 in Stephenville, Newfoundland and Labrador) is a Canadian politician. ... This article is about the Canadian statesman. ... is the 264th day of the year (265th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2003 (MMIII) was a common year starting on Wednesday of the Gregorian calendar. ... Sheila Maureen Copps, PC, HBA, LL.D (hc), (born November 27, 1952, in Hamilton, Ontario) is a Canadian journalist and former politician. ... is the 318th day of the year (319th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2003 (MMIII) was a common year starting on Wednesday of the Gregorian calendar. ...

On December 12, 2003, he was formally appointed by then Governor General Adrienne Clarkson as the twenty-first Prime Minister of Canada. When sworn in as Prime Minister, Martin held the flag that flew on Parliament Hill when the elder Martin died. Both father and son had served as cabinet ministers and contested the Liberal leadership on multiple occasions; their attempts from 1948 to 1990 were unsuccessful. Martin's election as leader and becoming Prime Minister was described as fulfilling a family dream. Both also earned the honorific prefix The Right Honourable. One difference between them was that Paul Sr. was one of the most left-wing members of the party, while Paul Jr. is considered to be on the right wing. [5] is the 346th day of the year (347th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2003 (MMIII) was a common year starting on Wednesday of the Gregorian calendar. ... Adrienne Louise Clarkson (nÃ©e Poy) (Chinese: ; Pinyin: , Hakka: Åƒg PÃªn-kÃ®, Cantonese: Ng5 Bing1 zi1), PC, CC, CMM, COM, CD, LL.D (honoris causa) (born February 10, 1939) is an accomplished Canadian journalist and stateswoman. ... The Right Honourable (abbreviated Rt Hon, The Rt Hon, The Right Hon, Right Hon) is an honorific prefix that is traditionally applied to certain people in the United Kingdom, Canada, Australia, New Zealand, the Anglophone Caribbean and in other Commonwealth Realms, and elsewhere. ...

Prime Minister

When he was sworn in, Martin's new cabinet retained half the ministers from the Chrétien government. Martin and his supporters exercised control over the riding nomination process, breaking with the precedent to automatically sign the nomination papers of backbenchers and former ministers who wanting to run for re-election. While these were signs of open party infighting, this had little impact on Martin's record popularity, with several pundits suggesting that the cabinet change was meant to present a new government different from Chrétien's ten-year tenure. The period between Paul Martins assumption of the leadership of the Liberal Party of Canada on November 14, 2003, and the 2004 federal election being called on May 23, 2004, saw a considerable amount of infighting within the party. ...

Martin and the Liberals were adversely affected by a report from Auditor General Sheila Fraser on February 9, 2004, indicating that sponsorship contracts designed to increase the federal government's status in Quebec resulted in little to no work done. Many of the agencies had Liberal ties, and roughly $100 million of the $250 million in program spending went missing. The scandal hurt Martin's popularity, especially in Quebec, where Bloc Québécois leader Gilles Duceppe even accused Martin of planning to widen the St. Lawrence seaway to benefit his own Canada Steamship Lines. The scandal also cast skepticism on Martin's recommendations for Cabinet appointments, prompting speculation Martin was simply ridding the government of Chrétien's supporters to distance the Liberals from the scandal. Martin acknowledged that there has been political direction but denies involvement in, or knowledge of, the sponsorship contracts. He had a Royal Commission called to investigate what has come to be known as the Sponsorship Scandal, and nominated John Gomery to head it. The role of the Auditor General of Canada is to aid accountability by conducting independent audits of federal government operations. ... Categories: Canadian people stubs | 1950 births ... is the 40th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2004 (MMIV) was a leap year starting on Thursday of the Gregorian calendar. ... The Bloc QuÃ©bÃ©cois (BQ) is a centre-left federal political party in Canada that defines itself as devoted to the promotion of sovereignty for Quebec. ... Gilles Duceppe, MP (born July 22, 1947 in Montreal, Quebec) is a Quebec nationalist and social democratic politician in Canada. ... In states that are Commonwealth Realms a Royal Commission is a major government public inquiry into an issue. ... The sponsorship scandal, AdScam, or Sponsorgate, is an ongoing scandal that came as a result of a Canadian federal government sponsorship program in the province of Quebec and involving the Liberal Party of Canada (mostly its Quebec branch), which was in power since 1993 up to January 2006. ... Justice John Gomery Justice John Howard Gomery, BCL , BA , QC (born August 9, 1932 in Montreal, Quebec, Canada) is a Canadian jurist. ...

2004 Election

The Liberals were facing a united Conservative Party led by Stephen Harper, while the Bloc Québécois and NDP were also buoyed by the Sponsorship Scandal of the previous Chretien government. Martin advised Governor General Adrienne Clarkson to call an election for June 28, 2004. The Conservative Party of Canada (French: Parti conservateur du Canada), colloquially known as the Tories, is a conservative political party in Canada, formed by the merger of the Canadian Alliance and the Progressive Conservative Party of Canada in December 2003. ... Stephen Joseph Harper (born April 30, 1959) is the 22nd and current Prime Minister of Canada and leader of the Conservative Party of Canada. ... The Bloc QuÃ©bÃ©cois (BQ) is a centre-left federal political party in Canada that defines itself as devoted to the promotion of sovereignty for Quebec. ... Adrienne Louise Clarkson (nÃ©e Poy) (Chinese: ; Pinyin: , Hakka: Åƒg PÃªn-kÃ®, Cantonese: Ng5 Bing1 zi1), PC, CC, CMM, COM, CD, LL.D (honoris causa) (born February 10, 1939) is an accomplished Canadian journalist and stateswoman. ... The Canadian federal election, 2004 (more formally, the 38th general election), was held on June 28, 2004 to elect members of the Canadian House of Commons. ... is the 179th day of the year (180th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2004 (MMIV) was a leap year starting on Thursday of the Gregorian calendar. ...

An unpopular provincial budget by Liberal Premier Dalton McGuinty hurt the federal party's numbers in Ontario, as did a weak performance from Martin in the leaders' debates. Polls placed the Liberals in a dead heat with the Conservatives midway through the campaign. The Conservatives would soon take the lead in the early days of the campaign, prompting predictions of an imminent Harper government. The Liberals managed to narrow the gap and eventually regain momentum by targeting the Conservatives' credibility and motives. These attacks also attracted crucial voters who had been leaning towards the NDP, which enabled the Liberals to hold on to several ridings by thin margins. Martin was successful in winning a plurality of seats to continue as the government, though they were now in a minority situation, the first since Joe Clark's tenure in 1979-80. Dalton James Patrick McGuinty, Jr. ... Charles Joseph Joe Clark, PC, CC, AOE, MA, LLD (born June 5, 1939) was the sixteenth prime minister of Canada, from June 4, 1979, to March 3, 1980. ...

Minority government

The Martin government faced combined challenges from Quebec separatism and general hostility arising from the Sponsorship Scandal. The first test of the Liberal minority came following the Speech from the throne on October 5, 2004. The Conservatives announced plans to move an amendment to the speech. In this they were supported by the separatist Bloc Québécois and the New Democratic Party. The fall of the government was averted only after agreement on a watered-down version of the amendment. Queen Elizabeth II reads Canadas Speech from the Throne in 1977 The Speech from the Throne (or Throne Speech) is an event in certain monarchies in which the monarch (or a representative) reads a prepared speech to a complete session of parliament, outlining the governments agenda for the... For other uses, see 5th October (Serbia). ... Year 2004 (MMIV) was a leap year starting on Thursday of the Gregorian calendar. ... The Bloc QuÃ©bÃ©cois (BQ) is a centre-left federal political party in Canada that defines itself as devoted to the promotion of sovereignty for Quebec. ... This article is about the Canadian political party. ...

At the First Ministers' Meeting of September 13-September 15, 2004, Martin and the provincial premiers reached an agreement on increased funding for healthcare.^[6] It was not a "deal for a generation" as promised in the election, but it was a decade-long financial commitment that was expected to lower the heat in federal-provincial relations, which had worsened during Chrétien's time in office. In Canada a First Ministers conference is a meeting between of the provincial and territorial premiers and the Prime Minister. ... is the 256th day of the year (257th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 258th day of the year (259th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2004 (MMIV) was a leap year starting on Thursday of the Gregorian calendar. ...

Martin also introduced changes to the equalization program, under which the Federal Government is constitutionally obligated to redistribute federal revenue to provinces having less ability to raise revenues through taxation than wealthier provinces. The goal in doing so is to ensure uniformity of public service provision across the nation. This was received positively in "have not" provinces, but Nova Scotia and Newfoundland and Labrador sought to retain income from natural resources on federal marine territory that would generally be taken, or 'clawed back' by the federal treasury in lieu of equalization payments. In the 2004 federal election campaign, Harper provided in writing a promise that the provinces of Newfoundland and Labrador and Nova Scotia under a Conservative government would receive 100 per cent of the revenue generated from their natural resources without an equalization clawback, a promise he later reneged upon when elected as Prime Minister. NDP leader Jack Layton followed suit soon after with a similar guarantee, and later Martin promised that under a Liberal government both provinces would receive the same deal, except only for oil resources.^[7] Negotiations over the agreement would be harsh, with Newfoundland and Labrador Premier Danny Williams, at one point ordering all Canadian flags removed from provincial government buildings in December, 2004.^[8] The dispute was resolved when the federal government agreed to Martin's original campaign promise. Motto: Munit Haec et Altera Vincit (Latin: One defends and the other conquers) Capital Halifax Largest city Halifax Regional Municipality Official languages English (de facto) Government Lieutenant-Governor Mayann E. Francis Premier Rodney MacDonald (PC) Federal representation in Canadian Parliament House seats 11 Senate seats 10 Confederation July 1, 1867... This article is about the Canadian province of Newfoundland and Labrador. ... John Gilbert Jack Layton, PC, MP, PhD (born July 18, 1950) is a social democratic Canadian politician and current leader of Canadas New Democratic Party (since 2003). ... Categories: Newfoundland and Labrador premiers | Stub ... Daniel Danny Williams, QC, LL.B, BA, MHA (born August 4, 1949 in St. ...

Same-sex marriage proved to be a defining issue of Martin's mandate. Martin opposed same-sex marriage in a 1999 vote on the issue along with a majority of MPs,^[9] but changed his stance on the issue in 2004, citing recent court rulings and his personal belief that same sex marriage was primarily a human rights issue.^[10] In the midst of various court rulings in 2003 and 2004 that allowed for the legalization of same-sex marriages in seven provinces and one territory, the government proposed a bill to legalize same-sex marriage across Canada. The House of Commons passed the Civil Marriage Act in late June 2005 in a late night, last-minute vote before Parliament closed down, the Senate passed it in July 2005, and it received Royal Assent on July 20 of the same year. This made Canada the fourth country in the world to allow same-sex marriages.^[11] One of four newly wedded same-sex couples in a public wedding at Taiwan Pride 2006. ... Single-issue politics involves political campaigning or political support based on one essential policy area or idea. ... Same-sex marriage was legalized across Canada by the Civil Marriage Act enacted on July 20, 2005. ... The Civil Marriage Act (full title: An Act respecting certain aspects of legal capacity for marriage for civil purposes) was introduced as Bill C-38 in the first session of the 38th Canadian Parliament on February 1, 2005. ... The Senate of Canada (French: Le SÃ©nat du Canada) is a component of the Parliament of Canada, along with the Sovereign (represented by the Governor General) and the House of Commons. ... // The granting of Royal Assent is the formal method by which a constitutional monarch completes the legislative process of lawmaking by formally assenting to an Act of Parliament. ... is the 201st day of the year (202nd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ...

Martin also negotiated a ten year, $41 billion dollar plan to improve health care and reduce wait times. He signed agreements with all provinces to establish a national early learning and child care program.

In November 2005, the Martin government reached an historic consensus with Canada's provinces, territories, First Nations, Métis and Inuit people. Known as the Kelowna Accord, this aimed to eliminate the gaps between Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal Canadians in the areas of health, education, housing and economic opportunity.

2005 Budget

The 2005 federal budget was presented in the House of Commons on February 23, 2005. The budget included an array of new spending for the Armed Forces, the environment and for a national child care program. Prime Minister Paul Martin addressing Canada on the sponsorship scandal that has paralyzed his government. ... Prime Minister Paul Martin addressing Canada on the sponsorship scandal that has paralyzed his government. ... The sponsorship scandal, AdScam, or Sponsorgate, is an ongoing scandal that came as a result of a Canadian federal government sponsorship program in the province of Quebec and involving the Liberal Party of Canada (mostly its Quebec branch), which was in power since 1993 up to January 2006. ... canada is the best but those fucking americans can die fuck sakes they should leave my country and stop bombing my people by a minority government in Canada since the budget presented by the minority government led by Joe Clark in 1979. ... is the 54th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2005 (MMV) was a common year starting on Saturday (link displays full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... The Canadian Forces (CF) (French: Forces canadiennes (FC)) are the unified armed forces of Canada, governed by the National Defence Act, which states: The Canadian Forces are the armed forces of Her Majesty raised by Canada and consist of one Service called the Canadian Armed Forces. ...

Public hearings of the Gomery Commission inquiry into the Sponsorship Scandal involving alleged kickbacks and "donations" from Quebec advertising agencies and corporations to the Chretien government led to a drop in the Liberal Party's popularity. The security of the minority government came under fire as the Conservatives threatened to force an election by use of their "opposition day," when they get to set the Parliament's agenda. The Conservatives would use this time to hold a vote of no confidence in order to topple the Martin government.^[12] To avoid this, Martin removed all opposition days from the schedule and made a public appearance on April 21, 2005, to gain support from the Canadian people to let the inquiry run its course before an election would be called. In the rebuttal speeches by the opposition party leaders, Layton offered his party's support provided that they were given major concessions in the budget such as canceling the proposed corporate tax cuts. Days later, the Liberals took the NDP up on their offer and negotiated tax cut deferments and new spending initiatives. Among the new commitments was aid for Sudan. The Gomery Commission, formally the Commission of Inquiry into the Sponsorship Program and Advertising Activities, is a federal Canadian commission headed by the retired Justice John Gomery for the purpose of investigating the sponsorship scandal, which involves allegations of corruption within the Canadian government. ... This article is about the Canadian province. ... A Motion of No Confidence, also called Motion of Non Confidence is a parliamentary motion traditionally put before a parliament by the opposition in the hope of defeating or embarrassing a government. ... is the 111th day of the year (112th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2005 (MMV) was a common year starting on Saturday (link displays full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ...

In May, Parliament passed a motion asking one of its committees to express a lack of confidence in the government. The Liberals dismissed this as a procedural matter. The Conservatives and Bloc interpreted it as a vote of no confidence, and they combined their votes to shut down the House of Commons early for two days in a row. The Speaker of the House of Commons later ruled in favour of the Liberal stance.

On May 17, 2005, MP Belinda Stronach crossed the floor from the Conservative Party and joined the Liberal Party to become Minister of Human Resources and Skills Development. Martin claimed Stronach's move was due to concerns over the direction the Conservative Party was taking, while others accused Stronach of political opportunism.^[13]^[14] This event changed the balance of power in the House of Commons in favour of the government. This, and the support of independent MP Chuck Cadman, caused a tie during a May 2005 confidence vote, meaning that Peter Milliken, Speaker of the House needed to cast the deciding vote. He voted with the government, following the tradition that the Speaker votes to continue debate, and that allowed the budget to pass through the House on May 19, 2005. is the 137th day of the year (138th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2005 (MMV) was a common year starting on Saturday (link displays full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... A Member of Parliament, or MP, is a representative elected by the voters to a parliament. ... Belinda Caroline Stronach, PC, MP (born May 2, 1966 in Newmarket, Ontario) is a Canadian businessperson, philanthropist, politician, and a Liberal Member of Parliament (MP) in the Canadian House of Commons. ... In politics, crossing the floor is to vote against party lines, especially where this is considered unusual or controversial. ... The Minister of Human Resources and Skills Development of Canada is the member of the Cabinet of Canada responsible for Human Resources and Skills Development Canada, the federal department that oversees programs such as Employment Insurance and Canada Student Loans. ... Type Lower House Speaker Peter Milliken, Liberal since January 29, 2001 Leader of the Government in the House of Commons Peter Van Loan, Conservative since January 4, 2007 Opposition House Leader Ralph Goodale, Liberal since January 23, 2006 Members 308 Political groups Conservative Party Liberal Party Bloc QuÃ©bÃ©cois... Chuck Cadman Charles Chuck Cadman, (February 21, 1948 â€“ July 9, 2005) was a Canadian politician and Member of Parliament from 1997 to 2005, representing the riding of Surrey North in Surrey, British Columbia. ... Peter Andrew Stewart Milliken, MP, BA , MA , LL.B (born November 12, 1946) is a Canadian lawyer and politician. ... Peter Andrew Stewart Milliken, MP, BA , MA , LL.B (born November 12, 1946) is a Canadian lawyer and politician. ... is the 139th day of the year (140th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2005 (MMV) was a common year starting on Saturday (link displays full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ...

Foreign relations

On February 24, 2005, Foreign Affairs Minister Pierre Pettigrew told the House of Commons that Canada would not participate in the American National Missile Defense Program, and that he expected to be consulted in the case of a missile being launched over Canadian air space. Polls taken at the time suggested that Canadians did not wish to be involved with the US Missile Defense Program. Martin's decision came with much praise, but on the right was seen as another way the government was distancing itself from the U.S. His government continued to cooperate with the United States on border control, refugee claimants, and defence, and he appointed seasoned Liberal politician Frank McKenna as Canada's ambassador to Washington. Image File history File links Prime Minister Martin and President Bush Official US Government Photo [1] File history Legend: (cur) = this is the current file, (del) = delete this old version, (rev) = revert to this old version. ... Image File history File links Prime Minister Martin and President Bush Official US Government Photo [1] File history Legend: (cur) = this is the current file, (del) = delete this old version, (rev) = revert to this old version. ... is the 55th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2005 (MMV) was a common year starting on Saturday (link displays full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... Pierre Stewart Pettigrew, PC, (born in Quebec City on April 18, 1951) is a Canadian politician. ... On 24 February 2005, Foreign Affairs Minister Pierre Pettigrew announced Canada would not be joining the United States missile defense program. ... The Honourable Francis Joseph Frank McKenna, PC, ONB (born January 19, 1948, in Apohaqui, New Brunswick, Canada) is a Canadian politician and diplomat. ...

Martin was criticized for failing to reach a foreign-aid target of 0.7 per cent of GDP, most notably by Bono of Irish rock group U2 (who claimed that he was going to "kick [Martin's] butt," over the issue). Martin later responded that, in his view, many foreign leaders had made pledges that were too fanciful and that he would only commit to targets that he knew his government could be held accountable for.^[15]^[16] For other uses, see Bono (disambiguation). ... This article is about the Irish rock band. ...

Martin promoted the expansion of the G8 into a larger group of twenty nations G20. He also forged a closer relationship with the People's Republic of China by announcing the strategic partnership initiative during PRC President Hu Jintao's state visit to Canada in September, 2005.^[17] Group of Eight redirects here. ... G20 has several possible meanings: G20 developing nations, a trade bloc of 20 countries. ... A strategic partnership is an alliance between two parties (frequently one corporation that provides engineering, manufacturing or product development services, and one smaller, entrepreneurial firm or inventor) to create a specialized new product. ... This is a Chinese name; the family name is Hu Hu Jintao (Simplified Chinese: ; Traditional Chinese: ; Pinyin: ; born December 21, 1942) is currently the Paramount Leader of the Peoples Republic of China, holding the titles of General Secretary of the Communist Party of China since 2002, President of the... State visits usually involve a military review. ...

Appointment of Governor General

On August 4, 2005, the government announced that Martin had advised Queen Elizabeth II to appoint Michaëlle Jean as Governor General. The reception to the appointment was mixed: some, including Harper, applauded the move, while accusations that her husband had both dined with former members of the terrorist organization, FLQ, and had been supportive of Quebec separatism in the past surprised others.^[18] Subsequent to her appointment she reaffirmed her commitment to federalism and the issue died down. is the 216th day of the year (217th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2005 (MMV) was a common year starting on Saturday (link displays full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... Elizabeth II (Elizabeth Alexandra Mary Windsor; born 21 April 1926) is Queen of sixteen sovereign states, holding each crown and title equally. ... MichaÃ«lle Jean, CC, CMM, COM, CD, DUniv (honoris causa), D.Litt (honoris causa) , (born September 6, 1957, in Port-au-Prince, HaÃ¯ti) is the current Governor General of Canada. ... The Governor General of Canada (French (feminine): Gouverneure gÃ©nÃ©rale du Canada or (masculine) Gouverneur gÃ©nÃ©ral du Canada) is the vice-regal representative in Canada of the Canadian monarch, who is the head of state; Canada is one of sixteen Commonwealth realms, all of which share the... The Front de libÃ©ration du QuÃ©bec (QuÃ©bec Liberation Front), commonly known as the FLQ, and sometimes referred to as Front de libÃ©ration QuÃ©bÃ©cois was a left-wing terrorist group in Canada responsible for more than 200 bombings and the deaths of at least five... Quebec The Quebec sovereignty movement is a movement calling for the attainment of sovereignty for Quebec, a province of the country of Canada. ... For theological federalism, see Covenant Theology. ...

Fall of government

The first volume of the Gomery Report, released on November 1, 2005, cleared Martin of any wrong doing while placing some blame for the scandal on former Prime Minister Jean Chrétien for lack of oversight, although it acknowledged Jean Chrétien had no knowledge of the scandal.^[19] However, many have criticized the Gomery Inquiry as not having the scope to assign criminal responsibility for the Scandal or to investigate Martin's role, and indeed some have accused Martin of purposely "tying Gomery's hands." Gomery specifically said that Martin "is entitled, like other ministers from the Quebec caucus, to be exonerated from any blame for carelessness or misconduct", as the Department of Finance's role was not oversight, but setting the "fiscal framework". While the Gomery Report: Phase 1 exonerated Martin, Liberal support dropped in the polls, leading to speculation that there would be an election in early 2006. is the 305th day of the year (306th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2005 (MMV) was a common year starting on Saturday (link displays full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... Joseph Jacques Jean ChrÃ©tien, usually known as Jean ChrÃ©tien, PC, QC, BA, BCL, LLD (h. ... The Gomery Commission, formally the Commission of Inquiry into the Sponsorship Program and Advertising Activities, is a federal Canadian commission headed by the retired Justice John Gomery for the purpose of investigating the sponsorship scandal, which involves allegations of corruption within the Canadian government. ...

A Canadian judge issued a gag order that barred Canadian media from covering the hearings of the Gomery Inquiry. Despite this ban, leaked information circulated after being published in an American blog.^[20] The Gomery Commission, formally the Commission of Inquiry into the Sponsorship Program and Advertising Activities, is a federal Canadian commission headed by the retired Justice John Gomery for the purpose of investigating the sponsorship scandal, which involves allegations of corruption within the Canadian government. ... To meet Wikipedias quality standards, this article or section may require cleanup. ...

After the Gomery findings, NDP leader Jack Layton notified the Liberals of conditions for the NDP's continued support, one of which included a ban on private health care. Martin turned down the offer, as well as rejecting an opposition proposal schedule an election for February 2006, in return for passing several pieces of legislation.^[21] The Conservatives, supported by the other two opposition parties (the NDP and Bloc Quebecois), introduced a motion of non confidence against the Martin government. The motion passed on November 28 by a count of 171-133, defeating the government, after which the Governor General issued the Election Writs for a vote to be held on January 23, 2006.^[22]^[23] John Gilbert Jack Layton, PC, MP, PhD (born July 18, 1950) is a social democratic Canadian politician and current leader of Canadas New Democratic Party (since 2003). ... A motion of no confidence, also called a motion of non confidence, is a parliamentary motion traditionally put before a parliament by the opposition in the hope of defeating or embarrassing a government. ... is the 332nd day of the year (333rd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... A writ of election is a writ issued by the government ordering the holding of a special election for a governmental office. ... Rendition of party representation in the 39th Canadian parliament decided by this election. ... is the 23rd day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ...

The motion was notable in that it was the first time a ruling government had been defeated on a non-confidence motion not associated with any legislation; previous defeats of minority governments in Canada had occurred in connection with the failure of financial legislation, such as budget bills in the case of Joe Clark and Pierre Trudeau or supply in the case of Arthur Meighen. Charles Joseph Joe Clark, PC, CC, AOE, MA, LLD (born June 5, 1939) was the sixteenth prime minister of Canada, from June 4, 1979, to March 3, 1980. ... â€œTrudeauâ€ redirects here. ... Arthur Meighen, PC, QC, BA, LL.D (June 16, 1874 â€“ August 5, 1960) was the ninth Prime Minister of Canada from July 10, 1920 to December 29, 1921 and June 29 to September 25, 1926. ...

According to Jordan Glass, Canadian political scientist, Paul Martin is seen as the epitome of neo-liberalism as a CSL CEO and Prime Minister. Other commentators described his tenure as Prime Minister as unfocused and indecisive, with the The Economist referring to him as "Mr. Dithers". [6] [7] The Economist is an English-language weekly news and international affairs publication owned by The Economist Newspaper Ltd and edited in London. ...

2006 Federal election

For Martin and the Liberals, the 56-day campaign entailed an emphasis on choosing a vision of Canada different from that of the Conservatives, centering on issues of health care, daycare, tax cutting, and national autonomy. Instead, the campaign focused on the perception of corruption within the Liberal Party under former Prime Minister Chretien's leadership, stemming from revelations of details regarding the Sponsorship Scandal. Rendition of party representation in the 39th Canadian parliament decided by this election. ... The sponsorship scandal, AdScam, or Sponsorgate, is an ongoing scandal that came as a result of a Canadian federal government sponsorship program in the province of Quebec and involving the Liberal Party of Canada (mostly its Quebec branch), which was in power since 1993 up to January 2006. ...

Martin became involved in a diplomatic row with the current United States administration after accusing, with Bill Clinton, the US of not listening to global environmental concerns. Martin rejected the US Ambassador David Wilkins' rebuke and stated that he was standing up for Canada's interests over softwood and other issues.^[24]^[25] Wilkins, Conservative Leader Stephen Harper, and NDP leader Jack Layton accused Martin of orchestrating a row with the US in order to garner public support during an election campaign and noted that Canada's record in cutting carbon dioxide emissions is worse than that of the US. William Jefferson Bill Clinton (born William Jefferson Blythe III[1] on August 19, 1946) was the 42nd President of the United States, serving from 1993 to 2001. ... Kyoto Protocol Opened for signature December 11, 1997 in Kyoto, Japan Entered into force February 16, 2005. ... You may be looking for David Wilkins (orientalist) David Horton Wilkins (born October 12, 1946) is the current United States Ambassador to Canada. ... Stephen Joseph Harper (born April 30, 1959) is the 22nd and current Prime Minister of Canada and leader of the Conservative Party of Canada. ... John Gilbert Jack Layton, PC, MP, PhD (born July 18, 1950) is a social democratic Canadian politician and current leader of Canadas New Democratic Party (since 2003). ...

Prior to the campaign and upon dropping of the writs, opinion polling indicated the Liberals were ahead of the Conservatives by 2-10% popular support (November 30, 2005: Liberals 35%, Conservatives 30%). However, the Liberal lead did not last because they did not plan much serious campaigning during December, allowed the Conservatives to take the initiative in rolling out policy ideas. Several early gaffes were picked up by an unsympathetic media. One notable gaffe was Liberal Party strategist Scott Reid's suggestion that parents might buy beer and popcorn with the Conservative's child care subsidy, although Martin declined to apologize. Martin was also criticized for portraying himself as the defender of Canadian unity; some opponents pointed that this election was not a referendum while others pointed to the Sponsorship Scandal.^[26] Dropping the writ is the informal term for a procedure in some parliamentary government systems, where the head of government, that is the prime minister, premier or chief minister as the case may be, goes to the head of state and formally advises them to dissolve parliament. ... Compiled polling chart Opinion polling in the Canadian federal election of 2006 (held on 23 January 2006) showed that, as of early January 2006, the official opposition Conservative Party of Canada had taken a lead over the governing Liberal Party of Canada. ... is the 334th day of the year (335th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2005 (MMV) was a common year starting on Saturday (link displays full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... The current tally of the newspaper endorsements for the 2006 Canadian federal election has shown a strong wave of new endorsements for the Conservative Party of Canada, led by Stephen Harper. ... Scott Reid is the Communications Director in the Prime Ministers Office of Canadian Prime Minister Paul Martin, as well as one of Martins senior advisors. ...

Near the end of December, the Liberals were rocked by a Royal Canadian Mounted Police criminal investigation into the leaking of news of a federal tax change for income trusts.^[27]^[28] This again brought the Sponsorship Scandal into public attention, at the time when Martin planned to make important policy announcements. Under constant campaign pressure by all opposition parties casting Martin and the Liberals as corrupt, Liberal support fell to as low as 26% in the early weeks of January, 2006. RCMP redirects here. ... An income trust is an investment trust that holds income-producing assets. ...

Compounding the damage of opposition campaigning, Martin was deficient in the televised campaign debates: while appearing passionate in his message, Martin stuttered in making statements and appeared somewhat flustered. During one debate, Martin pledged that he would eliminate the notwithstanding clause, which surprised many in his own party since it was not part of their announced platform. Opinion polls indicated that his opponent, Harper, appeared "most prime ministerial" in the debates. Section Thirty-three of the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms is part of the Constitution of Canada. ...

In an attempt to sway voter sentiment in the final two weeks of the campaign, the Liberals prepared a series of negative-focus attack ads. One unreleased ad was seen widely as a slander to the military and it not only overshadowed the other ads but also forced Martin to defend the controversial ad in interviews instead of releasing new policies. During the last week, Martin was forced to defend Harper after the latter was called a separatist by Canadian Auto Workers union leader Buzz Hargrove, a traditional NDP stalwart. In another tactic similar to the 2004 campaign, Martin and Hargrove urged all progressive voters to unite under the Liberal banner in English Canada and the Bloc Québecois in Quebec to stop the Conservatives, hoping to attract voters who were leaning towards the NDP, but Jack Layton responded by focusing his attacks on Liberal corruption. In the 2006 federal election in Canada, the Liberal Party of Canada used attack ads against Conservative Party of Canada leader Stephen Harper. ... The Canadian Auto Workers (CAW; formally the National Automobile, Aerospace, Transportation and General Workers Union of Canada) is one of Canadas largest and highest profile trade unions. ... Basil Eldon Buzz Hargrove (born March 8, 1944, Bath, New Brunswick, Canada) is the current National President of the Canadian Auto Workers trade union. ...

In the end, the Conservatives won a plurality of support and seats, finishing 31 seats short of a majority. The Liberals held their base of support in Ontario, with 54 seats of the 103 in the province. The Liberals lost a number of seats in Quebec: winning only 13 of the 75 seats in the province, down from 21 in 2004, while the Conservatives won 10 seats there. The Liberals did not improve their standings in the Western provinces, winning only 14 of the 92 seats, the same number as in 2004. For the use of the term in political theory, see Pluralism (political theory). ...

After the 2006 election

Shortly after midnight on January 24, 2006, after it became clear that the Conservatives were on their way to a plurality, Martin conceded defeat. (Near the end of the 2004 election, Martin and Harper both pledged that they would not form a government unless they won a plurality of seats.) To the surprise of many, including Liberal insiders, Martin announced his resignation as party leader, saying "I will continue to represent with pride the people of LaSalle—Émard, but I will not take our party into another election as leader." is the 24th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ...

The next day, Martin officially informed Governor General Michaëlle Jean of his intention to resign as Prime Minister of Canada.^[29] Jean formally asked Harper to form a government later that day. Martin remained as Prime Minister until the Harper minority government was sworn in February 6, 2006.^[30] The Governor General of Canada (French (feminine): Gouverneure gÃ©nÃ©rale du Canada or (masculine) Gouverneur gÃ©nÃ©ral du Canada) is the vice-regal representative in Canada of the Canadian monarch, who is the head of state; Canada is one of sixteen Commonwealth realms, all of which share the... MichaÃ«lle Jean, CC, CMM, COM, CD, DUniv (honoris causa), D.Litt (honoris causa) , (born September 6, 1957, in Port-au-Prince, HaÃ¯ti) is the current Governor General of Canada. ... is the 37th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ...

Choosing not to become Leader of the Opposition, Martin stepped down as parliamentary leader of his party on 1 February, and the Liberal caucus appointed Bill Graham, MP for Toronto Centre and outgoing Defence Minister, as his interim successor. Martin temporarily remained nominal party leader, though. The Leader of the Opposition (French: Chef de lOpposition) in Canada is the Member of Parliament in the Canadian House of Commons who leads Her Majestys Loyal Opposition (the body in Parliament recognized as the Official Opposition). ... A parliamentary leader is chosen in Canadian politics to lead a party in the House of Commons, or in the case of the provinces, in the legislature, when a party has seats in the legislative body but the leader does not or in other unusual circumstances. ... is the 32nd day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... William C. (Bill) Graham, PC, QC, LL.D, D.U., B.A.(Hon. ... Toronto Centre is an electoral district that has long covered the heart of downtown Toronto. ... The Minister of National Defence (French: Ministre de la DÃ©fense nationale) is the Canadian politician within the Cabinet of Canada responsible for the Department of National Defence which oversees the Canadian Forces. ...

The party's national executive accepted Martin's resignation as Liberal leader on March 18, 2006, handing the post to Graham for the interim. In doing so, Martin became the shortest serving non-interim leader of the Liberal Party since confederation - serving for less than two-fifths the time (2,197 to 855 days) than the next shortest serving leader, John Turner (1984-1990). At the same meeting as his resignation the date for the leadership convention to select Martin's permanent successor was set for the weekend of December 2-3, 2006. According to media reports, Martin decided to move up the date of his resignation in order to end speculation that he might lead the Liberals into another election if Stephen Harper's minority government were to fall prior to the Liberal leadership convention.^[31] is the 77th day of the year (78th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 336th day of the year (337th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ...

At the Liberal convention in Montreal, Martin was officially neutral in the contest. The party's tribute to Martin was hosted by former Olympian Mark Tewksbury. Martin's press secretary denied that the tribute was low key due to the Sponsorship Scandal and lingering bitterness inside the party, saying that the former Prime Minister wanted a simple evening. In his farewell speech, Martin paid homage to Chretien, though the latter was not present for the event, and urged the Liberals to emerge united from the convention. Stéphane Dion was elected Liberal leader from a field of eight candidates.^[32]^[33] Wikinews has news related to: Ignatieff tops first ballot in Canadian Liberal convention Canadian Liberal vote heads to third ballot Dion leads Ignatieff heading into final ballot of Canadian Liberal vote Dion wins Canadian Liberal leadership on fourth ballot Wikinews has news related to: Liberal Party of Canada leadership, 2006... Mark Tewksbury (born February 7, 1968) is a former Canadian swimmer. ... StÃ©phane Maurice Dion, PC, MP, Ph. ...

In 2007 he was awarded a LLD (honoris causa) from the University of Windsor. The University of Windsor (401 Sunset Avenue, Windsor, Ontario N9B 3P4) is a non-denominational, provincially-supported, coeducational, public comprehensive university in Windsor, Ontario, Canada. ...

Supreme Court appointments

Martin chose the following jurists to be appointed as justices of the Supreme Court of Canada by the Governor General: The Supreme Court of Canada (French: Cour suprÃªme du Canada) is the highest court of Canada and is the final court of appeal in the Canadian justice system. ... The Governor General of Canada (French (feminine): Gouverneure gÃ©nÃ©rale du Canada or (masculine) Gouverneur gÃ©nÃ©ral du Canada) is the vice-regal representative in Canada of the Canadian monarch, who is the head of state; Canada is one of sixteen Commonwealth realms, all of which share the...

The Hon. ... is the 277th day of the year (278th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2004 (MMIV) was a leap year starting on Thursday of the Gregorian calendar. ... The Honourable Madam Justice Louise Charron, B.A., LL.B., LL.D. The Honourable Justice Louise Charron, BA , LL.B , LL.D (born March 2, 1951 in Sturgeon Falls, Ontario) is a Canadian jurist. ... is the 277th day of the year (278th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2004 (MMIV) was a leap year starting on Thursday of the Gregorian calendar. ...

Honours

The Privy Council Office as it appeared in the 1880s The Queens Privy Council for Canada (French: Conseil privÃ© de la Reine pour le Canada) is the council of advisers to the Queen of Canada, whose members are appointed by the Governor General of Canada for life on the... is the 308th day of the year (309th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1993 (MCMXCIII) was a common year starting on Friday (link will display full 1993 Gregorian calendar). ... is the 346th day of the year (347th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2003 (MMIII) was a common year starting on Wednesday of the Gregorian calendar. ... The University of Windsor (401 Sunset Avenue, Windsor, Ontario N9B 3P4) is a non-denominational, provincially-supported, coeducational, public comprehensive university in Windsor, Ontario, Canada. ... is the 165th day of the year (166th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era in the 21st century. ...

Entertainment

Corner Gas is Canadian situation comedy which has aired on CTV and The Comedy Network since 2004. ... Brent Butt (born August 3, 1966) is a Canadian comedian and writer. ... CBC redirects here, as this is the most common use of the abbreviation. ...

References

^ "Like father, like son?", CBC Archives, December 14, 1988. Retrieved on 2006-12-07.
^ Munroe, Susan. Prime Minister Paul Martin. About: Canada Online. Retrieved on 2006-11-29.
^ ^a ^b "Paul Martin", Mapleleafweb, 2006-01-04. Retrieved on 2006-12-08.
^ ^a ^b Keith Boag (reporter). (1993-11-29). Paul Martin, deficit buster (.wmv) [news report]. CBC Archives. Retrieved on 2006-11-29.
^ Murphy, John. An Open Letter About The Canada Pension Plan. National Council of Welfare. Retrieved on 2006-11-29.
^ CBC News. "Anatomy of an agreement", CBC.ca, 2004-09-16. Retrieved on 2006-11-29.
^ CBC News. "Nfld. premier says PM broke promise", CBC.ca, 2004-10-26. Retrieved on 2006-11-29.
^ CBC News. "Newfoundland's flag flap 'disrespectful,' PM says", CBC.ca, 2004-12-24. Retrieved on 2006-11-29.
^ Mackenzie, Ian. Marriage Vote: The Liberals could leave us at the altar. XTRA Archives. Retrieved on 2006-11-29.
^ CBC News. "Supreme Court OK's same-sex marriage", CBC.ca, 2004-12-09. Retrieved on 2006-11-29.
^ CBC News. "The Supreme Court and same-sex marriage", CBC.ca, 2005-06-29. Retrieved on 2006-11-29.
^ CBC News. "Opposition threatens to shut down government", CBC.ca, 2005-04-19. Retrieved on 2006-11-29.
^ CTV.ca News Staff. "Stronach decision likely a long time coming", CTV.ca, 2005-05-17. Retrieved on 2006-11-29.
^ CTV.ca News Staff. "Stronach crosses the floor, joins Liberal cabinet", CTV.ca, 2005-05-17. Retrieved on 2006-11-29.
^ CTV.ca News Staff. "Resolute G-8 leaders unveil $50B in foreign aid", CTV.ca, 2005-07-09. Retrieved on 2006-11-29.
^ "Irish rock star Bono says Canadian Prime Minister mystifies him", News From Russia, pravda.ru, 2005-11-26. Retrieved on 2006-11-29.
^ The Consulate General of The People's Republic of China in Canada (2005-09-09). China, Canada agree on building strategic partnership. Embassy of the People's Republic of China in Canada. Retrieved on 2006-11-30.
^ CTV.ca News Staff. "Gov. Gen. designate denies separatist link", CTV.ca, 2005-08-15. Retrieved on 2006-11-30.
^ Brown, Jim. "Justice John Gomery report lays blame with Chretien, exonerates Martin", Canadian Press, canada.com, 2005-11-01. Retrieved on 2006-11-29.
^ The Globe and Mail. The blog was Captain's Quarters.
^ CBC News. "MPs pass motion calling for February election", CBC.ca, 2005-11-21.
^ CTV.ca News Staff. "Liberal government defeat sets stage for election", CTV.ca, 2005-11-28. Retrieved on 2006-11-29.
^ CBC News. "Liberals lose confidence of the House", CBC.ca, 2005-11-28. Retrieved on 2006-11-29.
^ CBC News. "Martin warns of threat to national unity", CBC.ca, 2005-11-30. Retrieved on 2006-11-29.
^ CBC News. "Martin rejects U.S. ambassador's rebuke", CBC.ca, 2005-12-13. Retrieved on 2006-11-29.
^ CTV.ca News Staff. "Liberals wrong to play separatism card, Lord says", CTV.ca, 2005-12-11. Retrieved on 2006-11-29.
^ CBC News. The Income Trusts Probe. Canada Votes 2006. CBC.ca. Retrieved on 2006-11-29.
^ Canadian Press. "Income trust a major campaign turning point", CTV.ca, 2006-01-22. Retrieved on 2006-11-29.
^ Richer, Eric (2006-01-24). Media Advisory. Rideau Hall Press Office. Retrieved on 2006-11-29.
^ Richer, Eric (2006-02-06). Details regarding the swearing-in ceremony of the 22nd prime minister of Canada and his ministry. Rideau Hall Press Office. Retrieved on 2006-11-29.
^ Canadian Press. "Star article. Martin to yield Liberal helm", thestar.com, 2006-03-16. Retrieved on 2006-11-29.
^ [1]
^ [2]
^ Members of the Queen's Privy Council. Privy Council Office. Retrieved on 2006-11-29.

is the 348th day of the year (349th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1988 (MCMLXXXVIII) was a leap year starting on Friday (link displays 1988 Gregorian calendar). ... Year 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 341st day of the year (342nd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 333rd day of the year (334th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 4th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 342nd day of the year (343rd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1993 (MCMXCIII) was a common year starting on Friday (link will display full 1993 Gregorian calendar). ... is the 333rd day of the year (334th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 333rd day of the year (334th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 333rd day of the year (334th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2004 (MMIV) was a leap year starting on Thursday of the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 259th day of the year (260th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 333rd day of the year (334th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2004 (MMIV) was a leap year starting on Thursday of the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 299th day of the year (300th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 333rd day of the year (334th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2004 (MMIV) was a leap year starting on Thursday of the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 358th day of the year (359th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 333rd day of the year (334th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 333rd day of the year (334th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2004 (MMIV) was a leap year starting on Thursday of the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 343rd day of the year (344th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 333rd day of the year (334th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2005 (MMV) was a common year starting on Saturday (link displays full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 180th day of the year (181st in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 333rd day of the year (334th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2005 (MMV) was a common year starting on Saturday (link displays full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 109th day of the year (110th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 333rd day of the year (334th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2005 (MMV) was a common year starting on Saturday (link displays full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 137th day of the year (138th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 333rd day of the year (334th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2005 (MMV) was a common year starting on Saturday (link displays full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 137th day of the year (138th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 333rd day of the year (334th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2005 (MMV) was a common year starting on Saturday (link displays full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 190th day of the year (191st in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 333rd day of the year (334th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2005 (MMV) was a common year starting on Saturday (link displays full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 330th day of the year (331st in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 333rd day of the year (334th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2005 (MMV) was a common year starting on Saturday (link displays full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 252nd day of the year (253rd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 334th day of the year (335th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2005 (MMV) was a common year starting on Saturday (link displays full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 227th day of the year (228th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 334th day of the year (335th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2005 (MMV) was a common year starting on Saturday (link displays full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 305th day of the year (306th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 333rd day of the year (334th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Captains Quarters is a widely read conservative blog. ... Year 2005 (MMV) was a common year starting on Saturday (link displays full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 325th day of the year (326th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2005 (MMV) was a common year starting on Saturday (link displays full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 332nd day of the year (333rd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 333rd day of the year (334th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2005 (MMV) was a common year starting on Saturday (link displays full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 332nd day of the year (333rd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 333rd day of the year (334th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2005 (MMV) was a common year starting on Saturday (link displays full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 334th day of the year (335th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 333rd day of the year (334th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2005 (MMV) was a common year starting on Saturday (link displays full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 347th day of the year (348th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 333rd day of the year (334th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2005 (MMV) was a common year starting on Saturday (link displays full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 345th day of the year (346th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 333rd day of the year (334th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 333rd day of the year (334th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 22nd day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 333rd day of the year (334th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 24th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 333rd day of the year (334th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 37th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 333rd day of the year (334th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 75th day of the year (76th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 333rd day of the year (334th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 333rd day of the year (334th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ...

References

External links

Categories: Prime Ministers of Canada | Leaders of the Liberal Party of Canada | Canadian Ministers of Finance | Members of the 26th Ministry in Canada | Members of the 27th Ministry in Canada | Current Members of the Canadian House of Commons | Liberal Party of Canada MPs | Members of the Canadian House of Commons from Quebec | Members of the Queen's Privy Council for Canada | Canadian businesspeople | Canadian lawyers | Ontario lawyers | University of Toronto alumni | Canadian Roman Catholics | Roman Catholic politicians | Franco-Ontarians | Canadians of Irish descent | Canadians of Scottish descent | People from Montreal | People from Ottawa | People from Windsor, Ontario | 1938 births | Living people | Martin family Image File history File links Commons-logo. ... Image File history File links This is a lossless scalable vector image. ... Wikiquote is one of a family of wiki-based projects run by the Wikimedia Foundation, running on MediaWiki software. ... CBC redirects here, as this is the most common use of the abbreviation. ... Joseph Jacques Jean ChrÃ©tien, usually known as Jean ChrÃ©tien, PC, QC, BA, BCL, LLD (h. ... Regions Political culture Foreign relations Other countries Atlas Politics Portal The Prime Minister of Canada (French: Premier ministre du Canada), is the Minister of the Crown who is head of the Government of Canada. ... Stephen Joseph Harper (born April 30, 1959) is the 22nd and current Prime Minister of Canada and leader of the Conservative Party of Canada. ... Joseph Jacques Jean ChrÃ©tien, usually known as Jean ChrÃ©tien, PC, QC, BA, BCL, LLD (h. ... Gilles Loiselle (born May 20, 1929 in Ville-Marie, Quebec) is a former Canadian politician. ... The Minister of Finance is one of the most important positions in the Cabinet of Canada. ... Former Canadian MP John Manley John Paul Manley, PC, BA, LL.B is a Canadian lawyer, businessperson and politician, was born on January 5, 1950 in Ottawa. ... John James Charest, PC, LL.B., MNA, known as Jean Charest IPA: (born June 24, 1958) is a Canadian lawyer and politician from the province of Quebec. ... The Minister of the Economic Development Agency of Canada for the Regions of Quebec is the member of the Cabinet of Canada who also serves as the chief executive of the Economic Development Agency of Canada for the Regions of Quebec. ... Former Canadian MP John Manley John Paul Manley, PC, BA, LL.B is a Canadian lawyer, businessperson and politician, was born on January 5, 1950 in Ottawa. ... Joseph Jacques Jean ChrÃ©tien, usually known as Jean ChrÃ©tien, PC, QC, BA, BCL, LLD (h. ... The Liberal Party of Canada (French: ), colloquially known as the Grits (originally Clear Grits), is a Canadian federal political party. ... William C. (Bill) Graham, PC, QC, LL.D, D.U., B.A.(Hon. ... Regions Political culture Foreign relations Other countries Atlas Politics Portal The Senate Chamber of Parliament Hill in Ottawa. ... Claude Lanthier (born January 24, 1933) is a former Canadian politician. ... A Member of Parliament, or MP, is a representative elected by the voters to a parliament. ... LaSalleâ€”Ã‰mard in relation to the other Montreal area ridings LaSalleâ€”Ã‰mard is a federal electoral district in Quebec, Canada, that has been represented in the Canadian House of Commons since 1988. ... Regions Political culture Foreign relations Other countries Atlas Politics Portal The Prime Minister of Canada (French: Premier ministre du Canada), is the Minister of the Crown who is head of the Government of Canada. ... For other persons named John Alexander Macdonald, see John Alexander Macdonald (disambiguation). ... For other persons named Alexander Mackenzie, see Alexander Mackenzie (disambiguation). ... The Hon. ... Sir John Sparrow David Thompson, KCMG, PC, QC, (November 10, 1845 â€“ December 12, 1894) was a Canadian lawyer and judge who served as the fourth Prime Minister of Canada from December 5, 1892 to December 12, 1894 as well as Premier of Nova Scotia in 1882. ... Sir Mackenzie Bowell, PC , KCMG (December 27, 1823 â€“ December 10, 1917) was the fifth Prime Minister of Canada from December 21, 1894 to April 27, 1896. ... Not to be confused with Sir Charles Hibbert Tupper who was Sir Charles Tuppers son. ... â€œLaurierâ€ redirects here. ... Sir Robert Laird Borden, PC, GCMG, KC (June 26, 1854 â€“ June 10, 1937) was the eighth Prime Minister of Canada from October 10, 1911, to July 10, 1920, and the third Nova Scotian to hold this office. ... Arthur Meighen, PC, QC, BA, LL.D (June 16, 1874 â€“ August 5, 1960) was the ninth Prime Minister of Canada from July 10, 1920 to December 29, 1921 and June 29 to September 25, 1926. ... Not to be confused with William Lyon Mackenzie, Mackenzie Kings grandfather. ... Richard Bedford Bennett, 1st Viscount Bennett, PC, KC (July 3, 1870 â€“ June 26, 1947) was the eleventh Prime Minister of Canada from August 7, 1930 to October 23, 1935. ... Louis Stephen St. ... John George Diefenbaker, CH, PC, QC, BA, MA, LL.B, LL.D, DCL, FRSC, FRSA, D.Litt, DSL, (18 September 1895 â€“ 16 August 1979) was the 13th Prime Minister of Canada (1957 â€“ 1963). ... Mike Pearson redirects here. ... â€œTrudeauâ€ redirects here. ... Charles Joseph Joe Clark, PC, CC, AOE, MA, LLD (born June 5, 1939) was the sixteenth prime minister of Canada, from June 4, 1979, to March 3, 1980. ... John Napier Wyndham Turner PC CC QC (born June 7, 1929) was the seventeenth Prime Minister of Canada from June 30, 1984 to September 17, 1984. ... Martin Brian Mulroney PC CC GOQ (predominantly known as Brian Mulroney) (born March 20, 1939), was the eighteenth Prime Minister of Canada from September 17, 1984, to June 25, 1993 and was leader of the Progressive Conservative Party of Canada from 1983 to 1993. ... This article is about the former Canadian Prime Minster. ... Joseph Jacques Jean ChrÃ©tien, usually known as Jean ChrÃ©tien, PC, QC, BA, BCL, LLD (h. ... Stephen Joseph Harper (born April 30, 1959) is the 22nd and current Prime Minister of Canada and leader of the Conservative Party of Canada. ... Image File history File links This is a lossless scalable vector image. ... The Minister of Finance is one of the most important positions in the Cabinet of Canada. ... Image File history File links This is a lossless scalable vector image. ... Hon. ... The Rt. ... Sir Francis Hincks The Honourable Sir Francis Hincks, PC (December 14, 1807 â€“ August 18, 1885) was born in Cork, Ireland. ... The Honourable Sir Samuel Leonard Tilley, PC (May 8, 1818 â€“ June 25, 1896) was a Canadian politician. ... The Right Honourable Sir Richard John Cartwright (December 4, 1835 - September 24, 1912) was a Canadian businessman and politician. ... The Honourable Sir Samuel Leonard Tilley, PC (May 8, 1818 â€“ June 25, 1896) was a Canadian politician. ... Archibald McLelan The Honourable Senator Archibald Woodbury McLelan, PC (20 December 1824 â€“ 26 June 1890) was a Canadian shipbuilder and politician. ... Not to be confused with Sir Charles Hibbert Tupper who was Sir Charles Tuppers son. ... George Foster The Right Honourable Sir George Eulas Foster, KCB , PC (September 3, 1847 â€“ December 30, 1931) was a Canadian politician and academic. ... Sir Mackenzie Bowell, PC , KCMG (December 27, 1823 â€“ December 10, 1917) was the fifth Prime Minister of Canada from December 21, 1894 to April 27, 1896. ... George Foster The Right Honourable Sir George Eulas Foster, KCB , PC (September 3, 1847 â€“ December 30, 1931) was a Canadian politician and academic. ... William Fielding The Right Honourable William Stevens Fielding, PC (November 24, 1848-June 23, 1929) was a Canadian journalist, politician, and Premier of Nova Scotia. ... William Thomas White The Right Honourable Sir William Thomas White, PC, BA (November 13, 1866 â€“ February 11, 1955) was a Canadian politician and Cabinet minister. ... The Honourable Sir Henry Lumley Drayton, PC (April 27, 1869 â€“ August 28, 1950) was a Canadian politician. ... William Fielding The Right Honourable William Stevens Fielding, PC (November 24, 1848-June 23, 1929) was a Canadian journalist, politician, and Premier of Nova Scotia. ... Hon. ... Richard Bedford Bennett, 1st Viscount Bennett, PC, KC (July 3, 1870 â€“ June 26, 1947) was the eleventh Prime Minister of Canada from August 7, 1930 to October 23, 1935. ... Hon. ... Charles Avery Dunning The Honourable Charles Avery Dunning, PC (July 31, 1885 â€“ October 2, 1958) was born in Croft, Leicestershire, England. ... Richard Bedford Bennett, 1st Viscount Bennett, PC, KC (July 3, 1870 â€“ June 26, 1947) was the eleventh Prime Minister of Canada from August 7, 1930 to October 23, 1935. ... Edgar Nelson Rhodes (January 5, 1877-March 15, 1942) was a Nova Scotia politician. ... Charles Avery Dunning The Honourable Charles Avery Dunning, PC (July 31, 1885 â€“ October 2, 1958) was born in Croft, Leicestershire, England. ... James Layton Ralston, PC (September 27, 1881 - May 21, 1948) was the Canadian Minister of National Defence from 1940 to 1944. ... The Right Honourable James Lorimer Ilsley, PC (January 3, 1894 - January 14, 1967) was a Canadian politician and jurist. ... Douglas Abbott The Honourable Douglas Charles Abbot, PC (May 29, 1899 â€“ March 15, 1987) was a Canadian Member of Parliament and Cabinet Minister. ... Walter Edward Harris (January 14, 1904 - January 10, 1999) was a Canadian politician and lawyer. ... Donald Methuen Fleming, PC (May 23, 1905-December 31, 1987) was a Canadian parliamentarian. ... George Nowlan George Clyde Nowlan (14 September 1898 â€“ 31 May 1965) was a Canadian member of Parliament and Cabinet Minister. ... Hon. ... Mitchell William Sharp,PC,CC (May 11, 1911–March 19, 2004), a Canadian politician and a Companion of the Order of Canada, was most noted for his service as a Liberal Cabinet minister. ... Edgar John Benson (born May 28, 1923) is a retired Canadian politician and businessman. ... John Napier Wyndham Turner PC CC QC (born June 7, 1929) was the seventeenth Prime Minister of Canada from June 30, 1984 to September 17, 1984. ... Bud Drury Brigadier The Honourable Charles Mills Bud Drury, PC , OC , QC , CBE , DSO , May 17, 1912 â€“ January 12, 1991 was a Canadian soldier, businessman, super-tan bodybuilder and politician. ... Donald Stovel Macdonald, PC, CC (born March 1, 1932) is a former Canadian Liberal politician and Cabinet minister. ... Joseph Jacques Jean ChrÃ©tien, usually known as Jean ChrÃ©tien, PC, QC, BA, BCL, LLD (h. ... Hon. ... Allan MacEachen Allan Joseph MacEachen, PC (born July 6, 1921) is one of Canadas elder statesmen and was the first Deputy Prime Minister of Canada. ... The Honourable Marc Lalonde, PC , OC, QC, LLL, MA (born July 26, 1929) is a retired Canadian politician and Cabinet minister. ... Hon. ... Donald Frank Mazankowski, PC, OC, AOE (born July 27, 1935, in Viking, Alberta) was a Canadian politician who served as a cabinet minister under Prime Ministers Joe Clark and Brian Mulroney. ... Gilles Loiselle (born May 20, 1929 in Ville-Marie, Quebec) is a former Canadian politician. ... Former Canadian MP John Manley John Paul Manley, PC, BA, LL.B is a Canadian lawyer, businessperson and politician, was born on January 5, 1950 in Ottawa. ... Ralph Edward Goodale, PC , MP, BA , LL.B (born October 5, 1949, in Regina, Saskatchewan) was Canadas Minister of Finance from 2003 to 2006 and continues to be a Liberal Member of Parliament. ... James Michael Jim Flaherty, PC, BA, LL.B, MP (born December 30, 1949) is Canadas Minister of Finance; he had formerly served as Ontarios Minister of Finance. ... The Liberal Party of Canada (French: ), colloquially known as the Grits (originally Clear Grits), is a Canadian federal political party. ... George Brown George Brown (November 29, 1818 â€“ May 9, 1880) was a Scottish-born Canadian journalist and politician. ... For other persons named Alexander Mackenzie, see Alexander Mackenzie (disambiguation). ... Dominick Edward Blake, PC, QC (October 13, 1833 â€“ March 1, 1912), (known as Edward Blake) was Premier of Ontario, Canada, from 1871 to 1872 and leader of the Liberal Party of Canada from 1880 to 1887. ... â€œLaurierâ€ redirects here. ... Not to be confused with William Lyon Mackenzie, Mackenzie Kings grandfather. ... Louis Stephen St. ... Mike Pearson redirects here. ... â€œTrudeauâ€ redirects here. ... John Napier Wyndham Turner PC CC QC (born June 7, 1929) was the seventeenth Prime Minister of Canada from June 30, 1984 to September 17, 1984. ... Joseph Jacques Jean ChrÃ©tien, usually known as Jean ChrÃ©tien, PC, QC, BA, BCL, LLD (h. ... StÃ©phane Maurice Dion, PC, MP, Ph. ... Image File history File links Download high resolution version (1378x615, 109 KB)New logo for Liberal Party of Canada Version avalible at wikinews (en) at: commons. ... is the 240th day of the year (241st in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1938 (MCMXXXVIII) was a common year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... Nickname: Motto: The river and the land sustain us. ... Motto: Ut Incepit Fidelis Sic Permanet (Latin: Loyal she began, loyal she remains) Capital Toronto Largest city Toronto Official languages English (de facto) Government Lieutenant-Governor David C. Onley Premier Dalton McGuinty (Liberal) Federal representation in Canadian Parliament House seats 107 Senate seats 24 Confederation July 1, 1867 (1st) Area...

Contents

Business career

Power Corporation

Board of directors

Presidency

Purchase of CSL Group Inc.

Public Office

Political career

Candidacy for the Liberal Party leadership

Finance Minister

Becoming Prime Minister

Prime Minister

2004 Election

Minority government

2005 Budget

Foreign relations

Appointment of Governor General

Fall of government

2006 Federal election

After the 2006 election

Supreme Court appointments

Honours

Entertainment

References

References

External links