Dutch pea soup

Pea soup is soup made, typically, from dried peas. It is, with variations, a part of the cuisine of many cultures. It is greyish-green or yellow in color depending on the regional variety of peas used; all are cultivars of Pisum sativum. Image File history File linksMetadata Download high resolution version (2832x2128, 1097 KB) snert - dutch pea soup - own photograph. ... Image File history File linksMetadata Download high resolution version (2832x2128, 1097 KB) snert - dutch pea soup - own photograph. ... Soup is a savoury liquid food that is made by combining ingredients, such as meat, vegetables and beans in stock or hot water, until the flavor is extracted, forming a broth. ... Binomial name Pisum sativum L. Percentages are relative to US RDI values for adults. ... Binomial name Pisum sativum L. Percentages are relative to US RDI values for adults. ...

Perhaps not surprisingly, pea soup was eaten in antiquity; it is mentioned in Aristophanes' The Birds, and according to one source "the Greeks and Romans were cultivating this legume about 500 to 400 BC. During that era, vendors in the streets of Athens were selling hot pea soup." Bust of Aristophanes Aristophanes (Greek: ΄Αριστοφανης, c. ... The Birds (Ornithes) is a comedy written by the Ancient Greek playwright Aristophanes in 414 BC, and performed that year for the Festival of Dionysus. ...

Pea soup around the world

Norway, Denmark, Sweden and Finland

As Finland was until 1809 part of the Swedish Realm, Sweden and Finland share many cultural traditions, including that of the yellow pea soup (Swedish ärtsoppa; Finnish hernekeitto ; Danish gule ærter), usually eaten on Thursdays, served with pork and mustard and accompanied by pancakes for dessert. The tradition of eating pea soup and pancakes on Thursdays is said to originate in the pre-Reformation era, as preparation for fasting on Friday. 1809 was a common year starting on Sunday (see link for calendar). ... The Realm of Sweden or Svenska väldet is a term that historically was used to comprise all the territories under the control of the Swedish monarchs. ... Two halves of a pig being delivered Pork is the meat taken from pigs. ... Mustard being spread on bread. ... Pancakes are a kind of flatbread prepared from a batter that is baked on a hot griddle or frying pan. ... The Protestant Reformation was a movement which began in the 16th century as a series of attempts to reform the Roman Catholic Church, but ended in division and the establishment of new institutions, most importantly Lutheranism, Reformed churches, and Anabaptists. ... Fasting is the act of willingly abstaining from some or all food and in some cases drink, for a period of time. ...

Scandinavian pea soup normally includes pieces of pork – although it may sometimes be served on the side – and a typical recipe would also include some onion and spices such as thyme and marjoram. It is usually eaten with some mustard, often accompanied by crisp bread and the sweet liquor punsch (served hot), and always with pancakes for dessert. Mustard is an important part of the dish, but the soup is served without it so that diners can stir it in to taste. Binomial name Allium cepa L. Onion in the general sense can be used for any plant in the genus Allium but used without qualifiers usually means Allium cepa, also called the garden onion. ... Species About 350 species, including: Thymus adamovicii Thymus bracteosus Thymus broussonetii Thymus caespititius Thymus camphoratus Thymus capitatus Thymus capitellatus Thymus carnosus Thymus cephalotus Thymus cherlerioides Thymus ciliatus Thymus cilicicus Thymus cimicinus Thymus comosus Thymus comptus Thymus doerfleri Thymus glabrescens Thymus herba-barona Thymus hirsutus Thymus hyemalis Thymus integer Thymus lanuginosus... Binomial name Origanum majorana L. Marjoram (Origanum majorana, Lamiaceae) is a cold-sensitive perennial herb or undershrub with sweet pine and citrus flavors. ... Crisp bread (Swedish: knäckebröd or hårdbröd, Finnish: näkkileipä) is a very flat and dry Nordic type of bread, containing mostly rye flour. ... Punsch (also known as Arrack Punch, Swedish Punch or Swedish Punsch) is a traditional Swedish liquor produced from arrack, neutral spirits, sugar, water, and various flavorings. ... Pancakes are a kind of flatbread prepared from a batter that is baked on a hot griddle or frying pan. ...

Thursday pea soup is common in restaurants and households, and is an unpretentious but well-liked part of social life. Swedish Prime Minister Per Albin Hansson (1885-1946) had a circle of friends, jokingly referred to as the "peralbinians" (peralbinerna), who for a number of years came to his home every Thursday to eat pea soup, drink hot punsch and play bridge. Also, with few exceptions, pea soup with pancakes are served every Thursday (either for lunch or dinner) in the Swedish armed forces. Per Albin Hansson Per Albin Hansson (October 28, 1885–October 6, 1946), leader of the Swedish Social Democrats, was Prime Minister in four governments between 1932 and 1946, including the coalition government which was formed during World War II, and included all major parties except the communists. ... Contract bridge, more usually known as Bridge, is a trick_taking card game for four players who form two partnerships, or sides. The partners on each side sit opposite one another. ... Two American-style pancakes A pancake is a batter cake fried in a pan or on a griddle with oil or butter. ... The Swedish Armed Forces, or Försvarsmakten, is a Government agency responsible for the peacetime operation of the armed forces of Sweden. ...

The death of the deposed and imprisoned king Eric XIV in 1577 is usually said to have come from eating a bowl of poisoned pea soup; a 20th century investigation of his remains indeed found traces of arsenic, and there is historical evidence that his brother John intended to poison him, but the tradition about the pea soup as a vessel for the poison has not been possible to confirm. Eric XIV (December 13, 1533 – February 26, 1577) was King of Sweden from 1560 until he was deposed in 1568. ... Events March 17 - formation of the Cathay Company to send Martin Frobisher back to the New World for more gold May 28 - Publication of the Bergen Book, better known as the Solid Declaration of the Formula of Concord, one of the Lutheran confessional writings. ... General Name, Symbol, Number arsenic, As, 33 Chemical series metalloids Group, Period, Block 15, 4, p Appearance metallic gray Atomic mass 74. ... John III (Johan III) (December 23, 1537 – November 17, 1592) was King of Sweden from 1568 until his death. ...

In Finland, pea soup (hernekeitto) is a very common food, and as already mentioned traditionally eaten on Thursdays and accompanied by pancakes. During World War II, the Finnish army was fed with hernekeitto. The army still retains the tradition, serving its conscripts pea soup, with pancakes for dessert, for dinner every Thursday. Pea soup is also often served to large crowds in gatherings, simply because it is easy to make in large amounts and most people like it to some extent. Finns learn to eat pea soup as children, as it is a popular school food, being very cheap and easy to prepare. To meet Wikipedias quality standards, the use of images on this page may require cleanup, involving adjustment of image placement, formatting, size, or other adjustments. ...

Pork or carrots are often added, and the dish is given a piquant taste with Finnish mustard. Binomial name Daucus carota L. The carrot (Daucus carota) is a root vegetable, usually orange or white in color with a woody texture. ...

The Netherlands

Erwtensoep, also called "snert" is a form of green split-pea soup emblematic of Dutch cuisine. Traditionally eaten in winter, erwtensoep has a very thick consistency, often includes pork and sausage, and is almost a stew rather than a soup. One source says "You should be able to stand a spoon upright in a good pea soup." Wikibooks Cookbook has more about this subject: Dutch cuisine The main ingredients of the Dutch Cuisine are bread and potatoes as suggested in Vincent van Goghs painting The Potato Eaters. ...

It is customarily served with rye bread (roggebrood) and cheese or butter. The meat may be put on the rye bread and eaten with mustard. Rye bread is bread made with rye flour. ...

See also: Erwtensoep (Dutch Wikipedia)

England and the United Kingdom

A well-known nursery rhyme which first appeared in 1765 speaks of 1765 was a common year starting on Tuesday (see link for calendar). ...

Pease porridge hot,

Pease porridge cold,

Pease porridge in the pot

Nine days old.

"Pease" is the original form of the word "pea." According to the Baring-Goulds, pease porridge was "a thin pudding," which presumably would be the same thing as a thick soup.

In 19th century English literature, pea soup is referred to as a simple food and eating it as a sign of poverty. In a Thackeray novel, when a character asks his wife "Why don't you ask some of our old friends? Old Mrs. Portman has asked us twenty times, I am sure, within the last two years," she replies, with "a look of ineffable scorn," that when "the last time we went there, there was pea-soup for dinner!" In Thomas Hardy's Tess of the D'Urbervilles, Tess remarks that "we have several proofs that we are d'Urbervilles... we have a very old silver spoon, round in the bowl like a little ladle, and marked with the same castle. But it is so worn that mother uses it to stir the pea-soup." William Makepeace Thackeray William Makepeace Thackeray (18 July 1811 – 24 December 1863) was an English novelist of the 19th century. ... Thomas Hardy For other people called Thomas Hardy, see Thomas Hardy (disambiguation) Thomas Hardy, OM (2 June 1840 – 11 January 1928) was a novelist, short story writer, and poet of the naturalist movement, who delineated characters struggling against their passions and circumstances. ... Tess of the dUrbervilles is a novel by Thomas Hardy, first published in 1891. ...

Canada

Soupe aux pois (yellow pea soup) is a signature dish in French Canadian cooking. One source says "The most authentic version of Quebec's soupe aux pois use whole yellow peas, with salt pork and herbs for flavour. After cooking, the pork is usually chopped and returned to the soup, or sometimes removed to slice thinly and served separately... Newfoundland Pea Soup is very similar, but usually includes more vegetables such as diced turnips and carrots, and is often topped with small dumplings." A signature dish is a recipe that identifies an individual chef. ...

A novel about nineteenth-century Canadian farmers by Louis Hemon, entitled Maria Chapdelaine, depicts pea soup as common farmhouse fare:

Already the pea-soup smoked in the plates. The five men set themselves at table without haste, as if sensation were somewhat dulled by the heavy work...

"...Most of you farmers, know how it is too. All the morning you have worked hard, and go to your house for dinner and a little rest. Then, before you are well seated at table, a child is yelling:—'The cows are over the fence;' or 'The sheep are in the crop,' and everyone jumps up and runs... And when you have managed to drive the cows or the sheep into their paddock and put up the rails, you get back to the house nicely 'rested' to find the pea-soup cold and full of flies, the pork under the table gnawed by dogs and cats, and you eat what you can lay your hands on, watching for the next trick the wretched animals are getting ready to play on you."

Australia

In Adelaide, a traditional food is the Pie floater, a meat pie floating in a bowl of pea soup. Adelaide is the capital and most populous city of the Australian state of South Australia, and is the fifth largest city in Australia, with a population of over 1. ... Pie floater A pie floater is a meal served at pie carts in Adelaide and elsewhere in South Australia. ... This article describes a type of food. ...

United States

In the United States, pea soup is merely one of many familiar kinds of soup, often prepared from canned or powdered concentrate. "Pea soup" without qualification usually means a perfectly smooth puree; "split pea soup" is a thinner soup with visible peas, pieces of ham, and other vegetables. It is usually made from green peas. Most cookbooks contain a pea soup recipe or two, but pea soup has no particular cultural resonance. The culturally analogous dried legume would probably be the bean (Phaseolus spp.) Bean soup (made from white beans) has been a featured menu item of the restaurants of the U.S. House of Representatives and the Senate for over a century. Green beans Bean is a common name for large plant seeds of several genera of Fabaceae (formerly Leguminosae) used for food or feed. ...

Germany

Pea soup is a common dish throughout Germany. It often contains meat such as bacon, sausage or Kassler (pickled and smoked pork) depending on regional preferences. Very often, several Wieners will accompany a serving of pea soup as well as some dark bread. Ready-made soup in cans is sometimes used to prepare the dish. A large hot dog with ketchup A selection of hot dogs at a fast food restaurant. ...

One of the very first instant products was a pea soup product, which mainly consisted of pea meal and beef fat ("Erbswurst"). It was invented in 1867 by Johann Heinrich Grüneberg, who sold the recipe to the Prussian state. When the Franco-Prussian War broke out, the war ministry, which had previously tested the possibility of feeding soldiers solely on instant pea soup and bread, built a large manufacturing plant and produced between 4,000 and 5,000 tons of Erbswurst for the army during the war. In 1889, the Knorr instant-food company bought the license. Knorr, which is today a Unilever brand, continues the production of Erbswurst to the present day. Combatants France Prussia allied with German states (later German Empire) Commanders Napoleon III Helmuth von Moltke Strength 500,000 550,000 Casualties 150,000 dead or wounded 284,000 captured 350,000 civilian [citation needed] 100,000 dead or wounded 200,000 civilian [citation needed] The Franco-Prussian War (July... Unilever (Euronext: UNA, LSE: ULVR, NYSE: UN) is an Anglo-Dutch company that owns many of the worlds consumer product brands in foods, beverages, cleaning agents and personal care products. ...

Pea soup in literature and popular culture

The 1881 Household Cyclopedia noted that "Children are mostly fond of pea soup, and it seldom disagrees with them." 1881 (MDCCCLXXXI) was a common year starting on Saturday (see link for calendar). ... The Household Cyclopedia was an 1881 guide to housekeeping. ...

In the 1973 film The Exorcist, Linda Blair's 12-year-old character memorably vomits pea soup as a result of demonic possession. 1973 (MCMLXXIII) was a common year starting on Monday. ... The Exorcist is a 1973 film, based on the novel by William Peter Blatty first published in 1971. ... Linda Blair (born January 22, 1959) is an American actress famous for her role as the possessed child in The Exorcist. ...

In the popular children's book Cloudy With a Chance of Meatballs, which depicts what the world would be like if we had food in place of weather elements, the air is literally made of a Pea Soup Fog. (You could even eat it!)

Pea soup fog

Pea Soup, or Pea Souper is an idiom for fog. Although it is sometimes used for any thick fog, it refers particularly to a yellowish smog caused by the burning of soft coal. Such fogs were prevalent in UK cities (particularly London) prior to passage of the Clean Air Act of 1956. An 1871 New York Times article refers to "London, particularly, where the population are periodically submerged in a fog of the consistency of pea soup..." Sunlight filters through a thin layer of fog on a crisp winter morning in Albuquerque, New Mexico. ... Victorian London was notorious for its thick smogs, or pea-soupers, a fact that is often recreated to add an air of mystery to a period costume drama. ... London (pronounced ) is the capital city of England and of the United Kingdom. ... A Clean Air Act describes one of a number of pieces of legislation relating to the reduction of smog and atmospheric pollution in general. ... 1956 (MCMLVI) was a leap year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... 1871 (MDCCCLXXI) was a common year starting on Sunday (see link for calendar). ... The New York Times is an internationally known daily newspaper published in New York City and distributed in the United States and many other nations worldwide. ...

Contrary to popular impression, the Arthur Conan Doyle Sherlock Holmes stories contain only a handful of references to London fogs, and the phrase "pea-soup" is not used. A Study in Scarlet (1877) mentions that "a dun-coloured veil hung over the house-tops." Image:Sir Conan doyle. ... Sherlock Holmes as imagined by the seminal Holmesian artist, Sidney Paget, in The Strand magazine. ... Arthur Conan Doyle wrote the novel A Study In Scarlet, the first Sherlock Holmes story, in 1886 at the age of 27. ...

In the phrase "pea-soup fog," the implied comparison may have been to yellow pea soup: "...the yellow fog hung so thick and heavy in the streets of London that the lamps were lighted" (Frances Hodgson Burnett, A Little Princess, 1892); "The yellow fog that rubs its back upon the window-panes," (T. S. Eliot, The Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock, 1917; "London had been reeking in a green-yellow fog" (Winston Churchill, A Traveller in War-Time, 1918); "the brown fog of a winter dawn" (T. S. Eliot, The Waste Land (1922); "a faint yellow fog" (Stella Benson, This is the End). Inez Haynes Irwin writing in 1921 in The Californiacs praises what was then the superior quality of California fog, saying it is "Not distilled from pea soup like the London fogs; moist air-gauzes rather, pearl-touched and glimmering." Frances Hodgson Burnett Frances Hodgson Burnett, (November 24, 1849 - October 29, 1924) was an English playwright and author. ... A Little Princess is a childrens novel by Frances Hodgson Burnett, also known for Little Lord Fauntleroy and The Secret Garden. ... Thomas Stearns Eliot, OM (September 26, 1888 – January 4, 1965) was an American (naturalised British) poet, dramatist and literary critic, whose works, such as The Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock, The Waste Land, The Hollow Men, and Four Quartets, are considered defining achievements of twentieth century Modernist poetry. ... The Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock (composed February 1910 - July 1911) is the main poem in the book Prufrock and Other Observations published by T. S. Eliot in 1917, which marked the start of his career as a writer. ... 1917 (MCMXVII) was a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar (see link for calendar) or a common year starting on Tuesday of the 13-day slower Julian calendar. ... Sir Winston Leonard Spencer-Churchill, KG, OM, CH, TD, FRS, PC(Can) (30 November 1874 – 24 January 1965) was an English statesman and author, best known as Prime Minister of the United Kingdom during the Second World War. ... Thomas Stearns Eliot, OM (September 26, 1888 – January 4, 1965) was an American (naturalised British) poet, dramatist and literary critic, whose works, such as The Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock, The Waste Land, The Hollow Men, and Four Quartets, are considered defining achievements of twentieth century Modernist poetry. ... T. S. Eliot (by E. O. Hoppe, 1919) The Waste Land (sometimes mistakenly written as The Wasteland) is a highly influential 433-line modernist poem by T. S. Eliot. ... 1922 (MCMXXII) was a common year starting on Sunday (see link for calendar). ... Stella Benson (1892–1933) was an English feminist travel writer and novelist. ... 1921 (MCMXXI) was a common year starting on Saturday (see link for calendar). ...

References

• Baring-Gould, William. S. and Ceil Baring-Gould (1962) The Annotated Mother Goose. (Bramhall House) [Pease porridge rhyme: dates from 1765, refers to a "thin pudding."]
• New York Times, Apr 2, 1871, pg. 3: "London... fog the consistency of pea-soup..."

External links

• Ärtans Vänner Philadelphia Friends of the Pea Soup Swedish-language website about Philadelphians who preserve the Swedish custom of eating pea soup on Thursdays
• Pea Soup Andersen's restaurant A California restaurant founded in the 1920s.
• The homely fare of Sweden Detailed article about the Thursday pea soup tradition
• Peas: History, Uses, Folklore, Growing, Nutrition, Purchasing, Preparation, Recipe "vendors in the streets of [classical] Athens were selling hot pea soup"
• French Canadian Pea Soup Quebec soupe aux pois vs. Newfoundland pea soup
• Dutch food and eating habits "You should be able to stand a spoon upright in a good pea soup."