The Peace of Prague was a peace treaty signed at Prague on 23 August 1866, which ended the Austro-Prussian War. The treaty was lenient toward the Austrian Empire; it is speculated^{[attribution needed]} that this was due to a desire by Otto von Bismarck to use Austria in his plans for German unification.^{[citation needed]} Austria only lost Venetia, ceded to Napoleon III of France, who in turn ceded it to Italy. Austria refused to give Venetia directly to Italy because the Austrians had crushed the Italians during the war. The Habsburgs were permanently excluded from German affairs (Kleindeutschland). The Kingdom of Prussia thus established itself as the only major power among the German states. The North German Confederation was formed, with the north German states joining together, and the Southern German states having to pay large indemnities to Prussia. The Peace of Prague of 30 May 1635 was a treaty between the Holy Roman Emperor, Ferdinand II, and most of the Protestant states of the Empire. ... A peace treaty is an agreement (a peace treaty) between two hostile parties, usually countries or governments, that formally ends a war or armed conflict. ... For other uses, see Prague (disambiguation). ... {| style=float:right; |- | |- | |} is the 235th day of the year (236th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... 1866 (MDCCCLXVI) is a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar or a common year starting on Wednesday of the 12-day-slower Julian calendar. ... Combatants Austria, Saxony, Bavaria, Baden, Württemberg, Hanover and some minor German States (formerly as the German Confederation) Prussia, Italy, and some minor German States Strength 600,000 Austrians and German allies 500,000 Prussians and German allies 300,000 Italians Casualties 20,000 dead or wounded 37,000 dead... Anthem Volkshymne (Peoples Anthem) The Austrian Empire Capital Vienna Language(s) German Hungarian Romanian Czech Slovakian Slovenian Croatian Serbian Italian Polish Ruthenian Religion Roman Catholic Government Monarchy History  - Established 1804  - Ausgleich 1867 The Crown of the Austrian Emperor The Austrian Empire (German: ) was a modern era successor empire founded... Bismarck redirects here. ... Venetia is a name used mostly in a historical context for the area of north-eastern Italy formerly under the control of the Republic of Venice and corresponding approximately to the present-day Italian administrative regions of the Veneto and Friuli-Venezia Giulia. ... This article is about the President of the French Republic and Emperor of the French. ... Flag of the Habsburg Monarchy; also used as the flag of the Austrian Empire until the Ausgleich of 1867. ... For the German Neighbourhood Kleindeutschland in New York see Little Germany, New York Kleindeutschland (literally Small Germany) was a 19th century political idea postulating the idea of a unified Germany led by Hohenzollern Prussia, with Berlin as capital, and excluding the Austrian Empire. ... Anthem Preußenlied, Heil dir im Siegerkranz (both unofficial) The Kingdom of Prussia at its greatest extent, at the time of the formation of the German Empire, 1871 Capital Berlin Government Monarchy King  - 1701 — 1713 Frederick I (first)  - 1888 — 1918 William II (last) Prime minister  - 1848 Adolf Heinrich von Arnim...

(Unification of Germany)

The Unification of Germany took place on January 18, 1871, when Prussian Chief Minister, Otto von Bismarck tried to group several independent German states into one nation and create the German Empire.

<Bismarck's Rise to Power>

Napoleon created 1000 entities and put them into 39 states. He grouped the 39 independent states into a unified Germany under the rule of the Prussian Chancellor, Otto Von Bismarck who has began to accpet Nationalism and Liberalism.

In 1848, Europe was having an economic depression, and it is become serious problem for Austrian Empire to unify a German nation states.

In the early 1860s, army was struggling on reforming their groups and it caused a constitutional crisis in Prussia. The Prussian King, William I appointed Bismarck Chancellor and Bismarck tried to resolve the constitutional crisis and establish Prussian as the most German power in the world.

<The New Empire>

The New Empire included 25 states. In 1866, constitution of the German Empire accepted some democratic features: "the Reinchstag, that in contrast to the Parliament of Prussia was elected by direct and equal manhood suffrage." The small states were put under Prussian control, while larger states were controled by federal government.

The Kulturkampf was not struggling with a political conflict, but over language and education. Bismarck couldn't really succeed on limiting the influence of Roman Catholic Church, and education and language.