A Transboundary Protected Area is a protected area that spans across boundaries of multiple countries, where the political border sections that are enclosed within its area are abolished. This includes removal of all forms of physical boundaries, such as fences, allowing free migration of animals and humans within the area. A boundary around the area may however be maintained to prevent unauthorised border crossing. Such areas are also known by terms such as Transfrontier Conservation Areas (TFCAs) or Peace Parks. A country, a land, or a state, is a geographical area that connotes an independent political entity, with its own government, administration, laws, often a constitution, police, military, tax rules, and population, who are one anothers countrymen. ... Border has several different, but related meanings: Generic borders A border can consist of a margin around the edge of something, such as a lawn, garden, photograph, or sheet of paper. ... Migration occurs when living things move from one biome to another. ...

The preservation of traditional animal migration patterns, ensuring sufficient food and water sources for population growth, are the primary reason for the creation of peace parks. Peace parks however also encourage tourism, economic development and goodwill between neighbouring countries, as well as facilitating travel of indigenous inhabitants of the area. A tourist boat travels the River Seine in Paris, France Tourism can be defined as the act of travel for the purpose of recreation, and the provision of services for this act. ... Indigenous peoples are: Peoples living in an area prior to colonization by a state Peoples living in an area within a nation-state, prior to the formation of a nation-state, but who do not identify with the dominant nation. ...

TFCAs in Africa

The Peace Parks Foundation was set up by the WWF and Dr Anton Rupert in February 1997 to encourage and facilitate the establishment of TCFAs, and is actively supported by Dr Nelson Mandela. The following is a list of established and proposed (with significant progress made toward completion) TFCAs coordinated by the foundation with their years of establishment: Note: After losing a court case in 2002 on the use of the initials WWF, the organization previously known as the World Wrestling Federation has rebranded itself as World Wrestling Entertainment, or WWE. WWF - The Conservation Organization was formerly known as World Wildlife Fund and Worldwide Fund for Nature. ... Anton Edward Rupert (4 October 1916 - ) is an Afrikaner-South African billionaire entrepreneur, businessman and conservationist. ... Nelson Mandela Nelson Rolihlahla Mandela, (born 18 July 1918) a former President of South Africa, was one of its chief anti-apartheid activists, and was also an anti-apartheid saboteur. ...

• Kgalagadi Transfrontier Park (2000)
• |Ai-|Ais/Richtersveld Transfrontier Conservation Park (2002)*
• Lubombo Transfrontier Conservation Area (expected in August 2004)
• Great Limpopo Transfrontier Park (expected at end of 2004)
• Maloti-Drakensberg Transfrontier Conservation Area (expected in 2006)
• Lake Malawi/Nyasa/Niassa Transfrontier Conservation Area (proposed)*
• Limpopo/Shashe Transfrontier Conservation Area (proposed)*

* - The official name has not yet been decided upon. Lubombo Transfrontier Conservation Area born out of the peace park’s vision to establish a network of transfrontier conservation areas in Africa. ... Great Limpopo Transfrontier Park is a 35,000 km² peace park that is in the process of been formed. ... Maloti-Drakensberg Transfrontier Conservation Area was established on 11 June 2001 by linking the Sehlaba-Thebe National Park in the Kingdom of Lesotho and the Natal Drakensberg Park in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa. ...

The best known of these is the Great Limpopo Transfrontier Park. It links national parks in South Africa, Zimbabwe and Mozambique and covers an area of 35,000km², including the famous Kruger National Park. This article is about national parks. ... Kruger National Park is the largest game reserve in South Africa. ...

International Peace Parks

The Waterton-Glacier International Peace Park across the United States/Canada border is the world's first "International Peace Park", formed by the merger of the Waterton Lakes and Glacier National Parks in 1932. In contrast to other peace parks, the primary purpose of the union was to serve as a symbol of friendship and peace between the two countries. The Waterton-Glacier International Peace Park is the name of the union of the Glacier National Park in the United States and the Waterton Lakes National Park in Canada. ... Categories: Stub | National parks of Canada | World Heritage Sites in Canada ... There is also a non-adjoining national park in Canada by the same name. ...

The International Peace Garden was also established in 1932, another United States/Canada park with a similar purpose. It lies on the North Dakota/Manitoba border. The International Peace Garden is a 3. ... State nickname: Peace Garden State, Roughrider State, Flickertail State Other U.S. States Capital Bismarck Largest city Fargo Governor John Hoeven Official languages English Area 183,272 km² (19th)  - Land 178,839 km²  - Water 4,432 km² (2. ... Motto: Gloriosus et Liber (Glorious and free) Other Canadian provinces and territories Capital Winnipeg Largest city Winnipeg Lieutenant Governor John Harvard Premier Gary Doer (NDP) Area 647,797 km² (8th)  - Land 553,556 km²  - Water 64,241 km² (14. ...

Efforts are under way for a U.S./Mexico international park with a similar purpose, joining the Big Bend National Park in the United States with the Maderas del Carmen and Cañon de Santa Elena protected areas in Mexico, as well as a USA/Russia international park in the Bering Strait, highlighting the shared heritage of Russians and Americans of the area. Big Bend National Park is a national park located in Texas, USA. For more than 1,000 miles (1600 km) the Rio Grande / Río Bravo forms the international boundary between Mexico and the United States; Big Bend National Park administers approximately one-quarter of that boundary. ... Satellite photo of the Bering Strait Bering Strait is also a country music band The Bering Strait is a sea strait between Cape Dezhnev, the eastmost point of the Asian continent and Cape Prince of Wales, the westernmost point of the American continent, about 85 km in width, with a...

Acting under the recommendation of UNESCO, the governments of Costa Rica and Panama declared the La Amistad National Park an international park in 1988. UNESCO logo The United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization, commonly known as UNESCO, is a specialized agency of the United Nations system established in 1946. ... The La Amistad National Park is an international peace park in Latin America, management of which is shared between Costa Rica and Panama, following a reccomendation by UNESCO after the parks inclusion in the World Heritage Site list. ...

Numerous other peace parks have been proposed throughout the world, such as in the demilitarized zone between North Korea and South Korea. However, cooperation between countries, such as in the European Union is reducing the need for the establishment of such parks. Military meaning see: Korean Demilitarized Zone DMZ computer term The TLA is short for demilitarized zone, which is a subnetwork that sits between the trusted internal network or local area network and the outside world or public Internet. ...

External links:

• Peace Parks Foundation (http://www.peaceparks.org)
• US-Mexico International Park Initiative (http://www.iloveparks.com/peaceparks/)
• Beringian Heritage International Park Program (http://www.nps.gov/akso/beringia/index.htm)
• UNESCO La Amistad Internation Park overview (http://whc.unesco.org/archive/advisory_body_evaluation/205.pdf) (PDF file)
• UNEP-WCMC Transboundary Protected Areas website (http://www.unep-wcmc.org/protected_areas/transboundary/index.html) (has a list of Adjoining Protected Areas)