Pegaso logo

Pegaso (IPA: [pe'ɰaso]; Spanish for "Pegasus") was a Spanish brand of trucks, buses, tractors and armoured vehicles, and, for a while, of impressive sport cars. The parent company, Enasa, was created in 1946 based on the old Hispano-Suiza factory, under the direction of the renowned automotive engineer Wifredo Ricart. The main Pegaso plants were located in Barcelona, Madrid and Valladolid. Image File history File links Logo_Pegaso. ... Image File history File links Logo_Pegaso. ... Articles with similar titles include the NATO phonetic alphabet, which has also informally been called the “International Phonetic Alphabet”. For information on how to read IPA transcriptions of English words, see IPA chart for English. ... Pegasus and Bellerophon, Attic red-figure Pegasus and Bellerophon, from Mabie, Hamilton Wright (Ed. ... “Lorry” redirects here. ... For other uses, see Bus (disambiguation). ... An armoured fighting vehicle (AFV) is a military vehicle, equipped with protection against hostile attacks and often mounted weapons. ... A Honda NSX sports car A TVR Tuscan sports car A sports car is a car designed for sporting performance above utility. ... ENASA (Empresa Nacional de Autocamiones S.A.) was a Spanish - state owned vehicle manufacturing consortium. ... Year 1946 (MCMXLVI) was a common year starting on Tuesday (link will display full 1946 calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... Hispano-Suiza is a French engineering firm best known for their engine and weapon designs in the pre-World War II period, work that developed out of their earliest work in luxury automobile design. ... Ricart-Pegaso book cover (1988) 1927 Ricart 6-cyl engines ad Wifredo Ricart (May 15, 1897 – August 19, 1974) was a Spanish engineer, designer and executive manager in the automotive industry, who spent most of his professional career in Italy and Spain. ... Location Coordinates : Time Zone : CET (GMT +1) - summer: CEST (GMT +2) General information Native name Barcelona (Catalan) Spanish name Barcelona Nickname Ciutat Comtal (City of Counts) Postal code 08001–08080 Area code 34 (Spain) + 93 (Barcelona) Website http://www. ... Motto: (Spanish for From Madrid to Heaven) Location Coordinates: , Country Spain Autonomous Community Comunidad Autónoma de Madrid Province Madrid Administrative Divisions 21 Neighborhoods 127 Founded 9th century Government  - Mayor Alberto Ruiz-Gallardón Jimémez (PP) Area  - Land 607 km² (234. ... The tone or style of this article or section may not be appropriate for Wikipedia. ...

Enasa, a state-owned company, had its main business interest in the truck and bus market. Therefore Pegaso became one of the leading European industrial vehicles makers, with significant export activity both to Europe and Latin America; the Benelux, Venezuela and Cuba were Pegaso biggest markets, while a substantial contract to supply tactical trucks to the Egyptian Army was signed in late 70s. For other uses, see Europe (disambiguation). ... Latin America consists of the countries of South America and some of North America (including Central America and some the islands of the Caribbean) whose inhabitants mostly speak Romance languages, although Native American languages are also spoken. ... Location of Benelux in Europe Official languages Dutch and French Membership  Belgium  Netherlands  Luxembourg Website http://www. ... The Egyptian Army is the largest service within the Egyptian military establishment. ...

Between 1946 and 1990 Pegaso built 350,000+ units, yearly maximum production being 26,000+ in 1974.

The forties

First Enasa produced truck, just a slightly modified Hispano-Suiza 66G, was the Pegaso I, of which only a few units were made along 1946 and 47, mostly due to the severe shortages of the post-war era. An enhanced, but still petrol-engined, version, the Pegaso II (model code Z-203), was launched in late 1947 and reached some hundreds of units, while awaiting for a much needed diesel model. This was the 125hp Pegaso Diesel (Z-202), nicknamed Mofletes (chubby cheeks) for its rounded bulbous front end, that made its debut in 1949 and quickly stablished itself as the leader of the in those days weak Spanish truck market. Artic tractor, road train and coach or bus versions were also available soon, and all togheter they became El camión español (The Spanish truck), as proudly stated Enasa badges and advertisements. This article or section cites very few or no references or sources. ... A tanker road train Three road trains, Western Australia A road train is a trucking concept used in remote areas of Australia, the United States, and Western Canada to move bulky loads efficiently. ...

The fifties

Pegaso built about a hundred high-end Z-102 sports cars in the 1950s. The cars were in many ways advanced for the time, as they had all wheel independent suspension, a five-speed gearbox, and were offered with the choice of Touring, Saoutchik or Enasa's own luxury bodies. Pegaso Z-102 Saoutchik The Pegaso Z-102 was a sporting coupe produced in Spain between 1951 and 1958. ... 1963 Jaguar E-Type, a classic sports car 1963 Chevrolet Corvette was based upon European sports cars A sports car is an automobile designed for performance driving. ... This does not cite any references or sources. ... Independent suspension is broad term for any automobile suspension system that allows each wheel on the same axle to move vertically (i. ... A gearbox is an assembly of gears allowing the rotational speed of an input shaft to be changed to a different speed. ... Touring was an Italian automobile design and coachbuilding firm in the 1950s. ...

While in 1954 the old Pegaso Diesel engine was uprated to 140hp, other Ricart's masterpiece, the Pegaso Z-207 truck, was ready to enter mass production, as it actually was from 1955 to 1959. It featured a splendid V6 engine and an unforgettable corrugated-sheet cab, which was also used in other Pegaso truck models in the 1960s and '70s, becoming a piece of the Spanish landscape. Z-207 debut in 1955 Barcelona motor show 1956 Z-702 ad The Z-407 coach advertised as 207 The Pegaso Z-207 was a truck model produced in Spain by Enasa from 1955 to 1959. ... The Ford Essex V6 engine V6 and V-6 redirect here. ...

Also technically advanced was the Pegaso Z-403 Monocasco, a two-level monocoque (chassisless) coach, fitted with the 125-hp diesel engine mounted amidships, and built between 1951 and 1957. Along these years Pegaso built too the more conventional Z-404 coach or urban bus chassis, that used to receive a striking body by Seida of Bilbao, and the Z-501 trolleybus, which featured electric equipment by Cenemesa. The Pegaso Z-403 Monocasco The Pegaso Z-403 Monocasco, was a two-level monocoque (chassisless) coach, fitted with a 125-hp diesel engine mounted amidships, and built in Spain by Enasa between 1951 and 1957. ... Monocoque (French for single shell) is a construction technique that uses the external skin of an object to support some or most of the load on the structure. ... This article does not cite any references or sources. ... La Muy Noble y Muy Leal e Invicta (The most noble and most loyal and undefeated) Location Location of Bilbao in Spain and Biscay Coordinates : 43,15° n. ... A Polish Solaris trolleybus in Landskrona, Sweden. ...

The sixties and seventies

In the 1960s and 1970s Pegaso kept pace with the impressive economic development of Spain (the so-called Spanish miracle), and tens of thousands of Pegaso trucks and buses ran through Spanish roads and cities and, more important, crossed borders in TIR sealed container traffic to link the Spanish economy with the European Economic Community, the Pegaso flagship by then being the 2011 artic tractor. In those years Pegaso marketed a full variety of commercial vehicles, the top of the line being 8x4 rigids, 6x4 semi-trailer tractors, 6x6 off-road dumpers and military armoured vehicles, a five-axle 10x4 special conversion for the Dutch market, and three-axle articulated buses; all of them featuring Pegaso's own engines of up to 352-horsepower. The 1960s decade refers to the years from January 1, 1960 to December 31, 1969, inclusive. ... The 1970s decade refers to the years from 1970 to 1979, also called The Seventies. ... A white SEAT 600, an icon of the Spanish Miracle The 1957 built, 142m high, Torre de Madrid somehow heralded the advent of the Spanish Miracle The Spanish miracle (Spanish: Desarrollo económico de España) was the name given to the Spanish economic boom between 1959 and 1973. ... The TIR Convention, 1975, with its 66 Contracting Parties (2006) constitutes one of the most effective international instruments prepared under the auspices of the United Nations Economic Commission for Europe (UNECE). ... Thousands of shipping containers at the terminal at Port Elizabeth, New Jersey A container ship being loaded by a portainer crane in Copenhagen Harbour A container freight train in England Part of an American doublestack container train Containerization is a system of intermodal cargo transport using standard ISO containers that... The European Community (EC), most important of three European Communities, was originally founded on March 25, 1957 by the signing of the Treaty of Rome under the name of European Economic Community. ... A Volvo articulated bus in contract service for Virginia Commonwealth University in Richmond, Virginia, operated by Virginia Overland Transportation in 2003 Articulated buses, also known as bendy buses (UK, Australia), accordion buses or jointed buses, have an increased passenger capacity. ... This article is about a unit of measurement. ...

In 1961 began the production of Pegaso Monotral buses and coaches, based on an Italian Viberti design that gave rise to a long line of Pegaso chassisless new models along two decades. First of the series was the successful 6030-N coach, equipped with an underfloor horizontal engine and single-tyre rear axle, making it a very light yet full-length vehicle.

In 1963 the aforementioned Seida reached an agreement with German Kässbohrer to license-build Setra chassisless coaches. These were equipped with Pegaso engines and other mechanical units and were marketed with simultaneous double badge as Setra Seida S14 and Pegaso 5070. Despite being rather expensive, these coaches were very successful in the Spanish market and competed well with Pegaso own Monotrals and all the other conventional chassis+body models. This was Pegaso main OEM business, others being to sell engines for railcars and shunter locomotives or to provide running units and cab components to Barazábal, a Vitoria-based maker of self-propelled cranes. Setra is an Neu-Ulm, Germany-based manufacturer of commercial buses and touring coaches, and recently a subsidiary of DaimlerChrysler. ... Original equipment manufacturer, or OEM, is a term that refers to a situation in which one company purchases a manufactured product from another company and resells the product as its own, usually as a part of a larger product it sells. ... A railcar (not to be confused with a railway car) is a self-propelled railway vehicle designed to transport passengers. ... A switcher (the general United States usage; common British terminology is shunter, while the Pennsylvania Railroad used shifter) is a small railroad locomotive intended not for moving trains any great distance but rather for assembling a train ready for a road locomotive to take over, disassembling a train that has... Haec est Victoria quae vincit (This is Victoria which triumphed) Location Location of Vitoria-Gasteiz in Spain Coordinates : 42°51′ N 2°41′ O Time Zone : CET (GMT +1) - summer: CEST (GMT +2) General information Native name Vitoria-Gasteiz (Spanish) Spanish name Vitoria-Gasteiz Founded 1181 Postal code 01001-01080... A modern crawler type derrick crane with outriggers. ...

In 1968 Enasa took over S.A.V.A., and a year later the whole Sava range of light vehicles, with roots in British BMC designs, was rebadged as Pegaso. S.A.V.A. logo 1959 Sava P-54 tricicle specs Sava-Austin 503 truck Sava 213 vans Sociedad Anonima de Vehicules Automoviles (S.A.V.A.) was a Spanish producer of light and medium commercial vehicles, based in Valladolid. ... BMC rosette logo old BMC share A preserved BMC ambulance. ...

In 1972 a new full range of heavy trucks was launched, featuring a spacious and moder-looking cubic-shaped cab. From then on the corresponding artic tractors, first the 250hp 2080 model, and later on the 310hp tilt-cab 2181, became the pervasive workhorses in Spanish highways.

On the military side, first production tactical truck was the 1963 4x4 Pegaso 3020, replaced in 1970 by the 3045 and the 6x6 3050. The subsequent enhanced models, the 170hp 3046 and the 200hp 3055, were pervasive in the Spanish Army; and in addition the 3046 was the matter of the substantial contract (up to 10,000 units) with the Egyptian Army. The 3046 was too very common in the Spanish forest fire brigades, where for obvious reasons it was nicknamed Egipcio (Egyptian). The Spanish Army (Ejército de Tierra in Spanish; literally, Land Army) is one of oldest active armies in the world and a branch of the Spanish Armed Forces, in charge of land operations. ...

Somehow related to the all-wheel-drive trucks were the four armoured vehicle models launched by Pegaso in the late 70s: the 4x4 airbone-able 170hp 3545 BLR, the 4x4 amphibious 170hp 3550 VAP, the very successful 6x6 306hp 3560 BMR, and its derivative, the 3562 VEC, all of them also used in quantity by the Spanish Army. An armoured fighting vehicle (AFV) is a military vehicle, equipped with protection against hostile attacks and often mounted weapons. ... The Pegaso BMR prominently featured in a c. ... The VEC-M1 is the Spanish cavalry reconnoissance vehicle. ...

The eighties

In the 1980s, suffering from the saturation of the European truck market, Enasa looked for some kind of joint venture with other truck makers. A failed association in 1978 with International Harvester had resulted in Enasa taking over the British Seddon Atkinson. Later on an agreement with DAF Trucks produced new heavy models of both makes, the DAF 95 and Pegaso Troner, both launched in 1987, as well as the Seddon-Atkinson Strato which used the same cab. The 1980s refers to the years from 1980 to 1989. ... Year 1978 (MCMLXXVIII) was a common year starting on Sunday (link displays the 1978 Gregorian calendar). ... Navistar (formerly International Harvester) started in Chicago, United States, which produced agricultural machinery, construction equipment and vehicles. ... Seddon Atkinson are a manufacturer of HGVs based in Oldham, Lancashire, United Kingdom. ... DAF Trucks NV is a Dutch truck manufacturing company and a division of PACCAR. Its headquarters and main plant are in Eindhoven. ... King Juan Carlos and Queen Sofia of Spain in the Pegaso Troner #1 presentation. ...

In the rally-racing side, Pegaso all-wheel-drive trucks won the 1985 Rallye des Pharaons and the 1986 Paris-Dakar. Petter Solberg driving on gravel at the 2006 Cyprus Rally, a World Rally Championship event. ... The Jeep Wrangler is a 4WD vehicle with a transfer case to select RWD or 4WD. The Lamborghini Murciélago is a 4WD/AWD that powers the front via a VCU if the rear slips. ... The Rallye des Pharaons is an FIM sactioned event that takes place in Egypt, with Cairo being both the start and finish point, and covers 3,100 km. ... The Paris Dakar Rally (or The Dakar) is an annual, organized, professional off-road race. ...

The end

After a last-minute aborted joint takeover by Daimler-Benz and MAN, Iveco eventually bought Enasa in 1990. At that time, Pegaso offerings included the Ekus (light), Mider (medium), Troner (heavy), Trakker (off-road) and Podium (buses and coaches) ranges; while a 500hp futuristic concept truck with design by Francisco Podadera, the Pegaso Solo 500, had been exhibited in the 1989 Barcelona Motor Show. Daimler-Benz AG was founded on May 1, 1924 by the merger of Benz & Cie. ... MAN AG (formerly called Maschinenfabrik Augsburg-Nürnberg AG, ISIN: DE0005937007) is a German transportation company. ... Iveco is a European truck, bus, and diesel engine manufacturer, based in Turin, Italy. ... Year 1990 (MCMXC) was a common year starting on Monday (link displays the 1990 Gregorian calendar). ... King Juan Carlos and Queen Sofia of Spain in the Pegaso Troner #1 presentation. ... 1938 Buick Y-Job, the first Concept car A concept car or show car is a car prototype made to showcase a concept, new styling, technology and more. ...

Shortly after the Iveco take over, most of the Pegaso ranges disappeared from the market. On July 12, 1994, the very last Pegaso Troner went out the production line in the Barajas (Madrid) plant, the last Pegaso engine being made in 1995; but Iveco proceeded with selling Pegaso badged military trucks still for a couple of years. Iveco is a European truck, bus, and diesel engine manufacturer, based in Turin, Italy. ...

See also

• Pegaso Z-102
• Pegaso Z-207
• Pegaso Z-403
• Pegaso BMR
• Pegaso VEC
• Pegaso Troner

Pegaso Z-102 Saoutchik The Pegaso Z-102 was a sporting coupe produced in Spain between 1951 and 1958. ... Z-207 debut in 1955 Barcelona motor show 1956 Z-702 ad The Z-407 coach advertised as 207 The Pegaso Z-207 was a truck model produced in Spain by Enasa from 1955 to 1959. ... The Pegaso Z-403 Monocasco The Pegaso Z-403 Monocasco, was a two-level monocoque (chassisless) coach, fitted with a 125-hp diesel engine mounted amidships, and built in Spain by Enasa between 1951 and 1957. ... The Pegaso BMR prominently featured in a c. ... The VEC-M1 is the Spanish cavalry reconnoissance vehicle. ... King Juan Carlos and Queen Sofia of Spain in the Pegaso Troner #1 presentation. ...

References

• (Spanish) Lage, Manuel (1992). Hispano-Suiza/Pegaso. Un siglo de camiones y autobuses. Lunwerg Editores, S.A.. ISBN 847782236 0. 

External links

• Pegaso sportcars history
• Links related with Pegaso cars and trucks. (Most of them in Spanish). Also pictures.
• Pegaso Monotral 6030-N coach
• Spanish gallery of Pegaso trucks and trucking forum
• Pegaso Solo 500 (in French)

Gallery of Pegaso vehicles

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Pegaso vehicles