Peloponnesos (Greek: Πελοπόννησος, sometime Latinized as Peloponnesus or Anglicized as The Peloponnese) is a large peninsula in Greece, forming the part of the country south of the Isthmus of Corinth.
Its name derives from the Ancient Greek Mythological Hero, 'Pelops', who supposedly conquered the entire region. Of the name, Peloponnesos, 'Pelop' refers to this hero and 'nesos' refers to island, therefore the name means the Island of Pelops. However, Peloponnesos only became a true island with the creation of the Corinthian Canal in 1893. In 2004 Peloponnesos gained a second connection to the mainland, with the completion of the Rio-Antirio bridge.
The chief ancient divisions of the Peloponnesus were Elis, Achaea, Argolis, and the city-state of Corinth in the north; Arcadia in the center; and Lacedaemonia (comprising Messenia and Laconia) in the south.
B.C. by the Roman conquest of the Peloponnesus.
Under Roman and Byzantine rule the Peloponnesus was reduced to provincial status and in the centuries that followed was repeatedly raided and invaded by Slavs, Bulgars, and Pechenegs.
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