Município de Pelotas
Flag
Nickname: Princess of the South
Location in Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
Coordinates: 31°46′19″S 52°20′33″W / -31.77194, -52.3425
Country	Brazil
Region	South
State	Rio Grande do Sul
Founded	1812
Incorporated	1832 (town)
	1835 (city)
Government
- Mayor	Adolfo Antônio Fetter Jr. (PP)
Area [1]
- City	1,609 km²  (621.2 sq mi)
Elevation	7 m (23 ft)
Population (2006 est.)[1]
- City	346,452
- Density	215.32/km² (557.7/sq mi)
Time zone	UTC-3 (UTC-3)
- Summer (DST)	UTC-2 (UTC-2)
Website: Prefeitura de Pelotas

This article is about a city. For the river of the same name, see Pelotas River.

Pelotas is an important Brazilian city, the third most populous of the southern state of Rio Grande do Sul. Pelotas is located 271 km (168 mi) from Porto Alegre, the capital city of Rio Grande do Sul, and 150 km (93 mi) from the Uruguayan border. The Lagoa dos Patos lies to the east and the São Gonçalo Channel lies to the south, separating Pelotas from the city of Rio Grande. Image File history File links Size of this preview: 800 × 279 pixelsFull resolution (1805 × 630 pixel, file size: 159 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) View of Pelotas- Brazil Roger Amaral Scheridon de Moraes Samsung 4. ... Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ... This article or section seems to contain too many examples (or of a poor quality) for an encyclopedia entry. ... Image File history File links This is a lossless scalable vector image. ... Flag of Rio Grande do Sul See other Brazilian States Capital Porto Alegre Largest City Porto Alegre Area 282,062 km² Population   - Total   - Density 10. ... This list of countries, arranged alphabetically, gives an overview of countries of the world. ... Brazil is currently divided in five regions, by the Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatistica (IBGE). ... The South Region is highlighted in yellow. ... Brazil is divided into twenty-six estados (states; singular estado) and one district, the Distrito Federal (Federal District) which contains the capital city, Brasília. ... Flag of Rio Grande do Sul See other Brazilian States Capital Porto Alegre Largest City Porto Alegre Area 282,062 km² Population   - Total   - Density 10. ... A mayor (from the Latin māior, meaning larger, greater) is the modern title of the highest ranking municipal officer. ... The Progressive Party of Brazil is Brazils oldest party with a continuous history, though renamed several times. ... Area is a physical quantity expressing the size of a part of a surface. ... Square kilometre (U.S. spelling: square kilometer), symbol km², is a decimal multiple of SI unit of surface area square metre, one of the SI derived units. ... A square mile is an English unit of area equal to that of a square with sides each 1 statute mile (≈1,609 m) in length. ... Elevation histogram of the surface of the Earth – approximately 71% of the Earths surface is covered with water. ... The metre (American English:meter) is a measure of length. ... A foot (plural: feet or foot;[1] symbol or abbreviation: ft or, sometimes, ′ – a prime) is a unit of length, in a number of different systems, including English units, Imperial units, and United States customary units. ... Population density by country, 2006 Population density is a measurement of population per unit area or unit volume. ... A time zone is a region of the Earth that has adopted the same standard time, usually referred to as the local time. ... ... −12 | −11 | −10 | −9:30 | −9 | −8 | −7 | −6 | −5 | −4 | −3:30 | −3 | −2:30 | −2 | −1 | −0:25 | UTC (0) | +0:20 | +0:30 | +1 | +2 | +3 | +3:30 | +4 | +4:30 | +4:51 | +5 | +5:30 | +5:40 | +5:45 | +6 | +6:30 | +7 | +7:20 | +7... Though DST is common in Europe and North America, most of the worlds people do not use it. ... ... −12 | −11 | −10 | −9:30 | −9 | −8 | −7 | −6 | −5 | −4 | −3:30 | −3 | −2:30 | −2 | −1 | −0:25 | UTC (0) | +0:20 | +0:30 | +1 | +2 | +3 | +3:30 | +4 | +4:30 | +4:51 | +5 | +5:30 | +5:40 | +5:45 | +6 | +6:30 | +7 | +7:20 | +7... The Pelotas Rivers is a river in southern Brazil, and a tributary of the Uruguay River. ... 1 - Porto Alegre 2 - Caxias do Sul 3 - Pelotas 4 - Canoas 8 - Novo Hamburgo 10 - São Leopoldo Largest cities in the state of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil by population, in descending order: 21 - Santana do Livramento - 98,681 22 - Cachoeira do Sul - 89,669 23 - Alegrete - 88,513... Flag of Rio Grande do Sul See other Brazilian States Capital Porto Alegre Largest City Porto Alegre Area 282,062 km² Population   - Total   - Density 10. ... Nickname: Coordinates: , Country Brazil Region South State Rio Grande do Sul Government  - Mayor José Fogaça (PPS) Area  - City 496. ... Flag of Rio Grande do Sul See other Brazilian States Capital Porto Alegre Largest City Porto Alegre Area 282,062 km² Population   - Total   - Density 10. ... Lagoa dos Patos from satellite Lagoa dos Patos is the second largest lagoon in Latin America. ... The São Gonçalo Channel is a navigable channel connecting two large coastal lagoons, Lagoa Mirim and Lagoa dos Patos, in the state of Rio Grande do Sul in southern Brazil. ... Nickname: Noiva do Mar Location of Rio Grande Coordinates: Country Brazil Region Sul State Rio Grande do Sul Founded 1737 City status 1835 Mayor Janir Branco (PMDB) Area    - City 2,813. ...

In the 19th century, Pelotas was Brazil's leading center for production of dried meat (charque), a staple food made by slaves and destined to feed the slaves of sugarcane, coffee and cocoa plantations across the country.^[2][3][4] Species Saccharum arundinaceum Saccharum bengalense Saccharum edule Saccharum officinarum Saccharum procerum Saccharum ravennae Saccharum robustum Saccharum sinense Saccharum spontaneum Sugarcane or Sugar cane (Saccharum) is a genus of 6 to 37 species (depending on taxonomic interpretation) of tall perennial grasses (family Poaceae, tribe Andropogoneae), native to warm temperate to tropical... A cup of coffee. ... Cocoa beans in a cacao pod Cocoa is the dried and partially fermented fatty seed of the cacao tree from which chocolate is made. ...

Currently Pelotas hosts two major universities, the Federal University of Pelotas,^[5] and the Catholic University of Pelotas.^[6] Together, they account for a population of 22 thousand students in higher education. The Federal University of Pelotas is a higher-learning facility with campuses in Pelotas and Capão do Leão in Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. ... The Catholic University of Pelotas is a private religious university located in Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. ...

The city claims three football clubs: Grêmio Esportivo Brasil (also known as Brasil de Pelotas; founded 1911),^[7] Esporte Clube Pelotas (founded 1908)^[8] and Grêmio Atlético Farroupilha (founded 1926).^[9] Grêmio Esportivo Brasil, also known as Brasil de Pelotas, is a Brazilian football team in Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul. ...

History

The history of the city begins in June 1758, through a donation that Gomes Freire de Andrade, Count of Bobadela, made to Colonel Thomáz Luiz Osório, giving him land that lay on the banks of the Lagoa dos Patos. In 1763, fleeing the Spanish invasion, many inhabitants of the village Rio Grande sought refuge in the land belonging to Osório. Later, there also came refugees from Colônia do Sacramento, which had been handed over by the Portuguese to the Spanish in 1777. Lagoa dos Patos from satellite Lagoa dos Patos is the second largest lagoon in Latin America. ... Nickname: Noiva do Mar Location of Rio Grande Coordinates: Country Brazil Region Sul State Rio Grande do Sul Founded 1737 City status 1835 Mayor Janir Branco (PMDB) Area    - City 2,813. ... Colonia del Sacramento is a city in southwestern Uruguay, by the Río de la Plata, facing Buenos Aires, Argentina. ...

In 1780, the Portuguese rancher José Pinto Martins established himself in Pelotas. The prosperity of his establishment stimulated the creation of other ranches and growth in the region, creating a population that would define the early city.

The Civil Parish of São Francisco de Paula, founded on June 7, 1812, by Father Pedro Pereira de Mesquita ('Peter 'Pereira de Mesquita), was elevated to the category of town on April 7, 1832. Three years later, in 1835, the town was declared a city, bearing the name Pelotas.^[10] June 7 is the 158th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (159th in leap years), with 207 days remaining. ... For the overture by Tchaikovsky, see 1812 Overture; For the wars, see War of 1812 (USA - United Kingdom) or Patriotic War of 1812 (France - Russia) For the Siberia Airlines plane crashed over the Black Sea on October 4, 2001, see Siberia Airlines Flight 1812 1812 was a leap year starting... April 7 is the 97th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (98th in leap years). ... Year 1832 (MDCCCXXXII) was a leap year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian Calendar (or a leap year starting on Friday of the 12-day slower Julian calendar). ...

In Brazil, 'pelota' can refer to a leather raft, and the name of the city comes from the boats made of cork oak covered with animal skins, used to cross rivers in ranching times.^[3]

In the first years of the 20th century, progress was stimulated by the Banco Pelotense (Bank of Pelotas), founded in 1906 by local investors. Its liquidation, in 1931, was devastating to the local economy.^[11]

The State Complementary Law number 9184, of 1990, created the Urban Agglomeration of Pelotas, which, in 2001, became the Urban Agglomeration of Pelotas and Rio Grande, and in 2002 the Urban Agglomeration of the South. The goal is to firmly integrate the participating cities and is the beginning of a future metropolitan region. It would include the cities Arroio do Padre, Capão do Leão, Pelotas, Rio Grande and São José do Norte, which have a joint population of approximately 600,000 inhabitants.^[12] Nickname: Noiva do Mar Location of Rio Grande Coordinates: Country Brazil Region Sul State Rio Grande do Sul Founded 1737 City status 1835 Mayor Janir Branco (PMDB) Area    - City 2,813. ...

Geography

The Laranjal on the coast of the Lagoa dos Patos

Image File history File links Size of this preview: 800 × 600 pixelsFull resolution (2304 × 1728 pixel, file size: 482 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) File history Legend: (cur) = this is the current file, (del) = delete this old version, (rev) = revert to this old version. ... Image File history File links Size of this preview: 800 × 600 pixelsFull resolution (2304 × 1728 pixel, file size: 482 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) File history Legend: (cur) = this is the current file, (del) = delete this old version, (rev) = revert to this old version. ... Lagoa dos Patos from satellite Lagoa dos Patos is the second largest lagoon in Latin America. ...

Topography

Because it is situated on a plain near the ocean, the urban area lies on a low elevation, being, on average, 7 meters (23 ft) above sea level. The interior of the city is on a plateau called Serras de Sudeste (Southeast Mountain Range). Consequently, the altitude in Pelotas' rural area reaches 450 meters (1476 ft) in the Quilombo district. Local government areas called districts are used, or have been used, in several countries. ...

The city stretches to the Laranjal, a bairro on the coast of the Lagoa dos Patos. Beyond the coastal regions Santo Antônio and Valverde, the area also has an even more remote area, the Balneário dos Prazeres (popularly known as Barro Duro, lit. "hard mud"), and Colônia Z-3, a fishing village that primarily explores the art of shrimping. Bairro (lit. ... Fisheries do not generally distinguish between shrimp and prawns, and the terms are used interchangeably. ...

Climate

The climate of Pelotas is subtropical or temperate. The subtropics refers to the zones of the Earth immediately north and south of the tropic zone, which is bounded by the Tropic of Cancer and the Tropic of Capricorn, at latitude 23. ... In geography, temperate latitudes of the globe lie between the tropics and the polar circles. ...

Summers are warm with regular rainfall. Winters are cool with frequent frosts (about 20 per year) and fog.

The hottest month is January with an average temperature of 23.3°C (74°F), and the coldest month is July with an average temperature of 12.2°C (54°F). The wettest month is February with 144mm (6 in) of precipitation. The average annual temperature in the city is 17.6°C (64°F) and the average annual precipitation is 1,200mm (47 in), with rain regularly falling all year long. The relative humidity is very high (with an annual average around 85%). There is a popular saying that Pelotas could be the second most humid city in the world, losing only to London. This article is about the capital of England and the United Kingdom. ...

An interesting meteorological occurrence was the first snowfall, which occurred on July 8, 1994 in Pelotas from 11:00 a.m. to 1:30 p.m. Before this date, there had never been any record of snow in the city. The phenomenon was weakest in the urban parts of the city, and did not cover the ground. However, the snowfall was more intense further inland, in districts such as Cascata and Quilombo, and was able to cover the vegetation in a white blanket. Snow is a type of precipitation in the form of crystalline water ice, consisting of a multitude of snowflakes that fall from clouds. ... is the 189th day of the year (190th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1994 (MCMXCIV) was a common year starting on Saturday (link will display full 1994 Gregorian calendar). ...

An araucaria tree at dusk near the Jockey Club of Pelotas

On August 1, 1955, the city recorded a temperature of -3.4°C (26°F), the lowest recorded temperature. This low was recorded in the urban area of the city, and since the interior of the city has a higher altitude, the temperature there must have been lower. The highest temperature on record in Pelotas happened on January 8, 2006 at 41°C (105°F). Image File history File linksMetadata Download high resolution version (1536x2048, 598 KB) Summary Mature Araucaria Tree Valparaiso, Chile Licensing I, the creator of this work, hereby release it into the public domain. ... Image File history File linksMetadata Download high resolution version (1536x2048, 598 KB) Summary Mature Araucaria Tree Valparaiso, Chile Licensing I, the creator of this work, hereby release it into the public domain. ... Species See text. ... is the 213th day of the year (214th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1955 (MCMLV) was a common year starting on Saturday (link displays the 1955 Gregorian calendar). ... January 8 is the 8th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday (link displays full 2006 calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ...

Vegetation

The larger part of rural Pelotas is made up of fields, with low and herbaceous vegetation (pampa). Small groves of cultivated trees (eucalyptus, pine, cypress, acacia, poplar and platanus) and native trees (Cockspur coral tree, salso and araucaria) are also found. Pelotas is 55km (34 mi) from the Atlantic Ocean, and possesses a beach along the Lagoa dos Patos, called Laranjal. In the vicinity of the beach one can find quagmires and sand dunes. The pampas (from Quechua for plain) are the fertile lowlands that extend across c. ... natural range Species About 700; see the List of Eucalyptus species Eucalyptus (From Greek, ευκάλυπτος = Well covered) is a diverse genus of trees (and a few shrubs), the members of which dominate the tree flora of Australia. ... Subgenera Subgenus Strobus Subgenus Ducampopinus Subgenus Pinus See Pinus classification for complete taxonomy to species level. ... Monterey Cypresses (Cupressus macrocarpa) planted in Melbourne, Australia Cypress is the name applied to many plants in the conifer family Cupressaceae (cypress family). ... Species About 1,300; see List of Acacia species Acacia is a genus of shrubs and trees belonging to the subfamily Mimosoideae of the family Fabaceae, first described in Africa by the Swedish botanist Linnaeus in 1773. ... This article is about woody plants of the genus Populus. ... Species See text. ... Binomial name Erythrina crista-galli L. Erythrina crista-galli is a flowering tree of the family Fabaceae, which is found in Argentina, Uruguay, Brazil and Paraguay, receiving several local common names (ceibo, seíbo, bucaré). In English it is known as Cockspur coral tree. ... Species See text. ...

Hydrography

Pelotas is part of the watershed of the Camaquã River. The streams Quilombo and Caneleiras drain the city. They meet to form the Arroio de Pelotas, which flows into the São Gonçalo Channel.^[13] The São Gonçalo Channel is a navigable channel connecting two large coastal lagoons, Lagoa Mirim and Lagoa dos Patos, in the state of Rio Grande do Sul in southern Brazil. ...

Culture

João Simões Lopes Neto

Image File history File links Size of this preview: 365 × 599 pixelsFull resolution (450 × 738 pixel, file size: 23 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) Photo: Brazilian writer João Simões Lopes Neto (1865-1916), downloaded from University of Pelotas site:http://www. ... Image File history File links Size of this preview: 365 × 599 pixelsFull resolution (450 × 738 pixel, file size: 23 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) Photo: Brazilian writer João Simões Lopes Neto (1865-1916), downloaded from University of Pelotas site:http://www. ...

Famous People

Pelotas is the birthplace and home of many nationally famous people, like the regional writer João Simões Lopes Neto 'John Simons Lopes junior'(1865-1916), author of Cancioneiro Guasca (1910), Contos Gauchescos (1912) and Lendas do Sul (1913); Hipólito José da Costa ('Hippolittus Joseph Coast'), the founder of the printing press in Brazil; the painter Leopoldo Gotuzzo, whose works have surpassed the borders of Pelotas, winning awards and expositions even in Europe; and Antônio Caringi (1905-1981) '(Anthony Caringi)', an internationally-recognized sculptor.^[14] João Simões Lopes Neto was a Brazilian regionalist writer of Rio Grande Do Sul born March 9, 1865. ...

Also from Pelotas are the poet Lobo da Costa (1853-1888) '(Wolf Coast)', the lyrical singer Zola Amaro (1891-1944), the singers and composers Kleiton & Kledir and Vitor Ramil, the actress Glória Menezes, and the soccer players Emerson Ferreira da Rosa and Daniel Carvalho. Vitor Ramil (Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul, April 7, 1962) is a musician, singer, composer and writer from Brazil. ... Glória Menezes Nicelde Soares Magalhães (born October 19, 1934 in Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil) is a Brazilian actress. ... For the player known as Emerson currently playing for APOEL FC who had played for Middlesbrough, please see Emerson Moisés Costa. ... This article is about the Brazilian football (soccer) player. ...

Places of Interest

The Public Library of Pelotas was founded in 1875, and constructed with materials brought over from Europe. Pelotas has two theatres, the Sete de Abril and the Guarani Theatre. The Sete de Abril, which was constructed in 1831, is one of the most traditional theatres in Brazil. The city boasts three museums: the Carlos Ritter Museum of Natural History, the Leopoldo Gotuzzo Museum of Art, and the Museum of the Baroness.

Events

One major attraction is the Fenadoce, a display of sweets prepared from traditional 18th century Portuguese recipes. More than 300,000 people come to the annual event, which began in 1986. Formerly held in different locations each year, today it is always celebrated in the Centro Internacional de Cultura e Eventos (International Center of Culture and Events). Portuguese cuisine is characterised by rich, filling and full-flavoured dishes and is a prime example of Mediterranean diet. ...

Demographics

Ethnicities

The first immigrants to the region were the Portuguese, coming mostly from the Azores, something which profoundly influenced the culture of the city, especially in its architecture and cuisine. Motto (Portuguese for Rather die free than in peace subjugated) Anthem  (national)  (local) Capital Ponta Delgada1 Angra do Heroísmo2 Horta3 Largest city Ponta Delgada Official languages Portuguese Government Autonomous region  -  President Carlos César Establishment  -  Settled 1439   -  Autonomy 1976  Area  -  Total 2,333 km² (n/a) 911 sq mi...

Catholic sanctuary of Guadalupe, located in the Cascata district

Another important immigration was that of the Germans (the majority from Pomerania), even though they preferred to settle in rural areas, unlike the Portuguese, who settled in the city itself. Also worthy to mention are other ethnicities that settled in Pelotas, such as Africans (descendents of slaves), Italians, Poles, French, Jews, Lebanese Arabs, etc. The number of descendants from indigenous peoples, despite being unknown, is probably very small. Image File history File links Size of this preview: 800 × 600 pixelsFull resolution (2304 × 1728 pixel, file size: 467 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) File links The following pages on the English Wikipedia link to this file (pages on other projects are not listed): Rio Grande do Sul Pelotas ... Image File history File links Size of this preview: 800 × 600 pixelsFull resolution (2304 × 1728 pixel, file size: 467 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) File links The following pages on the English Wikipedia link to this file (pages on other projects are not listed): Rio Grande do Sul Pelotas ... Duchy of Pomerania, ruled by the slavic dynasty of the Griffins (Polish: Gryfici, German: Greifen), was a semi-independent principality in the 17th century. ... Afro-Brazilian or African Brazilian is the term used to racially categorise Brazilian citizens who are black or part-black, yet it is rarely used in Brazil. ... Motto: (Arabic) We are all for the Country, the Sublime and the Flag! Anthem: Kulluna lil-watan lil ula lil-alam Capital (and largest city) Beirut Official languages Arabic Government Republic  - President Émile Lahoud  - Prime Minister Fouad Siniora Independence    - Declared November 26, 1941   - Recognized November 22, 1943  Area  - Total 10... The Indigenous peoples in Brazil (povos indígenas in Portuguese) comprise a large number of distinct ethnic groups who inhabited the countrys present territory prior to its discovery by Europeans around 1500. ...

In a 2005 study there were 280,897 whites, 34,172 blacks, 25,395 of mixed ethnicities, 998 native Brazilians, 498 Asians, and 998 with an unknown ethnicity.

Religion

In regards to religion, the majority of inhabitants (about 50%) are Roman Catholic, followed by Protestant religions (especially among the people of German origin), such as Evangelical Lutheran and Anglican sects. In recent times there has also been a growing number of Jehovah's Witnesses and Latter-day Saints.^[15] Other noteworthy religions include Spiritism and Afro-Brazilian ritualism (such as Umbanda and Candomblé).^[4] Topics in Christianity Movements · Denominations Ecumenism · Preaching · Prayer Music · Liturgy · Calendar Symbols · Art · Criticism Important figures Apostle Paul · Church Fathers Constantine · Athanasius · Augustine Anselm · Aquinas · Palamas · Luther Calvin · Wesley Arius · Marcion of Sinope Pope · Archbishop of Canterbury Patriarch of Constantinople Christianity Portal This box:      The Roman Catholic Church or Catholic... Protestantism is a general grouping of denominations within Christianity. ... Lutheranism is a major branch of Protestant Christianity which follows the teachings of the sixteenth-century German reformer Martin Luther. ... Anglicanism commonly refers to the beliefs and practices of the Anglican Communion, the churches that are in full communion with the see of Canterbury. ... A Latter-day Saint is a member of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS Church), and should not to be confused with the different, though similar term Latter Day Saint. ... This article or section does not cite any references or sources. ... Umbanda is a religion that blends Catholicism, Kardecist Spiritualism, and Afro-Brazilian religions . ... Ilê Axé Iya Nassô Oká - Terreiro da Casa Branca Candomblé is an African religion practiced chiefly in Brazil but also in adjacent countries. ...

Economy

A derelict rice factory located near the São Gonçalo Channel

The economy of Pelotas is mostly agricultural and commercial. The latter is largely represented by Arabs, mostly Lebanese (erroneously referred to as Turks) and a few other foreigners. Image File history File links Size of this preview: 800 × 600 pixelsFull resolution (2304 × 1728 pixel, file size: 225 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) File history Legend: (cur) = this is the current file, (del) = delete this old version, (rev) = revert to this old version. ... Image File history File links Size of this preview: 800 × 600 pixelsFull resolution (2304 × 1728 pixel, file size: 225 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) File history Legend: (cur) = this is the current file, (del) = delete this old version, (rev) = revert to this old version. ... The São Gonçalo Channel is a navigable channel connecting two large coastal lagoons, Lagoa Mirim and Lagoa dos Patos, in the state of Rio Grande do Sul in southern Brazil. ... Languages Arabic other minority languages Religions Predominantly Sunni Islam, as well as Shia Islam, Greek Orthodoxy, Greek Catholicism, Roman Catholicism, Alawite Islam, Druzism, Ibadi Islam, and Judaism Footnotes a Mainly in Antakya. ...

The region is the largest producer of peaches for the country's storehouse industry, along with other products such as asparagus, cucumber, fig and strawberries. The city also is a great producer of rice and cattle products. Pelotas produces more milk than anywhere else in the state.^[10] Binomial name (L.) Batsch Percentages are relative to US recommendations for adults. ... Binomial name L. Asparagus officinalis is a plant species in the family Asparagaceae from which the popular vegetable known as asparagus is obtained. ... Binomial name L. The cucumber (Cucumis sativus) is a widely cultivated plant in the gourd family Cucurbitaceae, which includes squash, and in the same genus as the muskmelon. ... Species About 800, including: Ficus altissima Ficus americana Ficus aurea Ficus benghalensis- Indian Banyan Ficus benjamina- Weeping Fig Ficus broadwayi Ficus carica- Common Fig Ficus citrifolia Ficus coronata Ficus drupacea Ficus elastica Ficus godeffroyi Ficus grenadensis Ficus hartii Ficus lyrata Ficus macbrideii Ficus macrophylla- Moreton Bay Fig Ficus microcarpa- Chinese... Species 20+ species; see text The strawberry (Fragaria) is a genus of plants in the family Rosaceae and the fruit of these plants. ... This article needs additional references or sources for verification. ... cow and ox, see Cow (disambiguation) and Ox (disambiguation). ... A glass of cows milk. ...

Pelotas has industries tied to agriculture, textile, leather tanning and bread-making. Reforestation for the production of paper and cellulose has been a rising economic activity in the whole region. This article is about the type of fabric. ... Tanned leather in Marrakech This article or section does not cite any references or sources. ... Percentages are relative to US recommendations for adults. ... Biodiversity on a 15-year-old reforested plot of land. ... A blank sheet of paper Paper is a commodity of thin material produced by the amalgamation of fibers, typically vegetable fibers composed of cellulose, which are subsequently held together by hydrogen bonding. ... Cellulose as polymer of β-D-glucose Cellulose in 3D Cellulose (C6H10O5)n is a polysaccharide of beta-glucose. ...

The city is a large commercial center in the region, attracting shoppers to its sidewalk and neighborhood galleries and shops.

The rural area, also called the "colony", due to the fact that German immigrants built isolated farming communities there, is characterized by the production of fruit, rice, and livestock.

In times past the production of charque, or dried beef, was economically important.^[2] The work was usually done by slaves. The charqueadas, as the livestock ranches were called, are still popular tourist attractions, the most famous being the Charqueada Santa Rita and the Charqueada São João.

Transportation

Pelotas boasts an international airport, which was originally built in 1930 and serves 130,000 passengers annually with two runways. It is located in the Três Vendas bairro. Bairro (lit. ...

The city also has a bus system, a port on the shores of the São Gonçalo Channel, and the junction of two major highways (BR-116 and BR-392) nearby.^[13] The São Gonçalo Channel is a navigable channel connecting two large coastal lagoons, Lagoa Mirim and Lagoa dos Patos, in the state of Rio Grande do Sul in southern Brazil. ...

Architecture

The city was strongly influence by Portuguese aesthetics, visible in its large houses with Portuguese ceramics on the façade. Pelotas is very rich in architectural treasures and monuments.

"As Três Meninas" (The Three Girls) Fountain

One example of the many monuments in the city is a fountain called, As Três Meninas, which came from France in 1873, and was placed in the center of the city. Image File history File links Chafariz As Três meninas - Pelotas Three little girls fountain, in Pelotas, Brasil Shot taked by Carlos Campani File links The following pages link to this file: Pelotas ... Image File history File links Chafariz As Três meninas - Pelotas Three little girls fountain, in Pelotas, Brasil Shot taked by Carlos Campani File links The following pages link to this file: Pelotas ...

The iron "Caixa D'água"

The largest monument in Pelotas is the iron Caixa d'água, which is located in the Piratinino de Almeida Plaza, and is the only one of its kind in all of Latin America. It was constructed in 1875, and still holds the daily surplus of water in the city. It sits atop 45 columns, and all of its pieces are made of iron. It has forms that are reminiscent of Asian architecture, though all of the materials used in construction were imported from France. Image File history File links Caixa Dagua de Pelotas Shot taked by Carlos Campani Campani File links The following pages link to this file: Pelotas ... Image File history File links Caixa Dagua de Pelotas Shot taked by Carlos Campani Campani File links The following pages link to this file: Pelotas ...

The architecture of the city is distinguished by its churches, the Grand Hotel and the Public Market.

Public Market

The construction of the Public Market was initiated in 1847 and finished in 1853, although between 1911 and 1914 there was a renovation. Its design was fashioned after the Neoclassical style, and was affected by Art Nouveau after 1970 when the building was destroyed by a fire and rebuilt. On it there is a clock tower and an iron lighthouse, imported from Hamburg, Germany, an allusion to the Eiffel Tower. Image File history File links Mercado Público de Pelotas Shot taked by Carlos Campani Campani File links The following pages link to this file: Pelotas ... Image File history File links Mercado Público de Pelotas Shot taked by Carlos Campani Campani File links The following pages link to this file: Pelotas ... The neoclassical movement that produced Neoclassical architecture began in the mid-18th century, both as a reaction against the Rococo style of anti-tectonic naturalistic ornament, and an outgrowth of some classicizing features of Late Baroque. ... Vitebsk Railway Station one of the finest examples of Art Nouveau architecture. ... Location Coordinates Time zone CET/CEST (UTC+1/+2) Administration Country NUTS Region DE6 First Mayor Ole von Beust (CDU) Governing party CDU Votes in Bundesrat 3 (from 69) Basic statistics Area  755 km² (292 sq mi) Population 1,754,317 (11/2006)[1]  - Density 2,324 /km² (6,018... The Eiffel Tower (French: , ) is an iron tower built on the Champ de Mars beside the River Seine in Paris, France. ...

The Great Hotel was inaugurated in 1928. The building has four floors, presented in the Art Nouveau style. Today the building is closed and belongs to the city government.

Church of the Redeemer

The Church of the Redeemer, also known as the "Shaggy Church", is the headquarters of the Brazilian Episcopalian Church of the Anglican Communion, and became known for its characteristic vegetal covering. It opened its doors in 1892. Its tower is 27 meters tall, and its stained-glass windows are from New York City. Image File history File links Igreja do Redentor - Pelotas - RS - Brasil Shot taked by Carlos Campani Campani File links The following pages link to this file: Pelotas ... Image File history File links Igreja do Redentor - Pelotas - RS - Brasil Shot taked by Carlos Campani Campani File links The following pages link to this file: Pelotas ... New York, New York and NYC redirect here. ...

São Francisco de Paula Cathedral

The São Francisco de Paula Cathedral is considered the city's most important religious edifice, due to its size, beauty and the works of art found within its interior. Its construction began in 1813. The cathedral shelters the image of São Francisco de Paula, by an unknown artist, which was brought from Colônia do Sacramento. Image File history File links Catedral de Pelotas Shot taked by Carlos Campani Campani File links The following pages link to this file: Pelotas ... Image File history File links Catedral de Pelotas Shot taked by Carlos Campani Campani File links The following pages link to this file: Pelotas ... Colonia del Sacramento is a city in southwestern Uruguay, by the Río de la Plata, facing Buenos Aires, Argentina. ...

The painter Aldo Locatelli, came from Italy especially to make the frescoes on the ceiling and walls of the cathedral, at the invitation of Dom Antônio Záttera, bishop of Pelotas at the time. Although Locatelli would choose to stay in Rio Grande do Sul and make many other important works in Brazil, including paintings and murals, this is considered his greatest work, together with the passion at the Church of São Pelegrino in Caxias do Sul. Called Monumento ao Imigrante, was made with stones in 1950 to commemorate the 75º anniversary of the italian colonization São Pelegrinos Church has the most important masterworks of the italian painter Aldo Locatelli. ...

Detail of a fresco by Aldo Locatelli on the ceiling of the cathedral

Also deserving attention is the Museum of the Baroness, which was constructed in the 19th century, occupying an area of approximately 7 hectares, possessing 22 parts and an interior patio. Lining it all were many cultivated and varied gardens. Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ... Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ...

In Pelotas there are still nine sculptures of Antônio Caringi, considered the best gaúcho sculptor.^[14] Among them are: Oferenda, 1942, in bronze, located in the Ecumenical Cemetery São Francisco de Paula; Monumento ao Colono, 1958, in bronze and granite, in the Primeiro de Maio Plaza; Monumento ao Bispo Dom Joaquim Ferreira de Mello, 1942, in bronze and granite, on the Avenue Dom Joaquim; Sentinela Farroupilha, 1935, in bronze, 20 de Setembro Plaza; As Três Idades do Trabalho, in granite, Coronel Pedro Osório Plaza; Dr. Luiz Pereira Lima, 1958, in bronze, Piratinino de Almeida Plaza; Monumento ao Coronel Pedro Osório, 1954, in bronze and granite, Coronel Pedro Osório Plaza; Monumento à Mãe, 1968, in bronze and granite, Coronel Pedro Osório Plaza; Monumento ao Dr. José Brusque 1968, in bronze and granite, Coronel Pedro Osório Plaza.

Subdivisions

Centro (downtown)

Pontal da Barra at the Colônia Z-3

There are five bairros, or neighborhoods, in Pelotas and several districts:^[16] Image File history File links Metadata Size of this preview: 800 × 600 pixelsFull resolution (2304 × 1728 pixel, file size: 932 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) File history Legend: (cur) = this is the current file, (del) = delete this old version, (rev) = revert to this old version. ... Image File history File links Metadata Size of this preview: 800 × 600 pixelsFull resolution (2304 × 1728 pixel, file size: 932 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) File history Legend: (cur) = this is the current file, (del) = delete this old version, (rev) = revert to this old version. ... Image File history File links Metadata No higher resolution available. ... Image File history File links Metadata No higher resolution available. ... Bairro (lit. ...

Bairros

• Areal
• Centro
• Fragata
• Laranjal
• Três Vendas
• Porto

Districts

• Cascata
• Cerrito Alegre
• Colônia Z-3
• Corrientes
• Monte Bonito
• Quilombo
• Rincão da Cruz
• Santa Silvana

References

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Pelotas