Party logo with a symbol of red lightning that signifies action.

The People's Action Party (PAP) is a political party in Singapore. It has been the ruling political party in Singapore since 1959 and thus has a large role in the formation of the government of Singapore. From the 1963 general elections onwards, the PAP has dominated Singapore's parliamentary democracy and has been closely linked to the city-state's political, social, and economic development into a developed nation. It has, however, faced criticism from opposition parties for some of the laws the PAP-dominated Parliament has passed because the opposition perceives that this unfairly aids its achievement of dominance. Image File history File links Peoples Action Party, Singapore source [1] File history Legend: (cur) = this is the current file, (del) = delete this old version, (rev) = revert to this old version. ... Image File history File links Peoples Action Party, Singapore source [1] File history Legend: (cur) = this is the current file, (del) = delete this old version, (rev) = revert to this old version. ... A political party is an organization that seeks to attain political power within a government, usually by participating in electoral campaigns. ... The ruling party in a parliamentary system is the party or coalition of the majority in parliament. ... 1959 (MCMLIX) was a common year starting on Thursday of the Gregorian calendar. ... The Government of Singapore is formed by the political party which gains a 50% majority in the general elections held in Singapore at least once every four years. ... The Singapore legislative assembly general election of 1963 were elections that took place in Singapore on 21 September 1963 following five days after the merger with Malaysia and therefore as an autonomous state of Malaysia. ... A dominant-party system, or one party dominant system, is a party system where only one political party can realistically become the government, by itself or in a coalition government. ... A parliamentary system, or parliamentarism, is distinguished by the executive branch of government being dependent on the direct or indirect support of the parliament, often expressed through a vote of confidence. ... A developed country is a country that is technologically advanced and that enjoys a relatively high standard of living. ...

In the 2006 Singapore general election, the PAP won 82 of the 84 elected seats in the Parliament of Singapore This article or section needs to be updated. ... The unicameral Parliament of Singapore is the legislature of Singapore with the President as its head [1]. It currently consists of 94 Members of Parliament. ...

Politics - Politics portal

Singapore

This article is part of the series: Politics and government of Singapore Politics, sometimes defined as the art and science of government[1], is a process by which collective decisions are made within groups. ... Image File history File links Please see the file description page for further information. ... The politics of Singapore is based on a unitary state with some aspects modelled on the Westminster system of parliamentary government. ...

Constitution

Legislative A legislature is a governmental deliberative assembly with the power to adopt laws. ... President: Sellapan Ramanathan Parliament Constituencies Members of Parliament (MPs) Non-Constituency MPs Nominated MPs Political parties

Executive Flag of the President of Singapore - banner of arms The President of Singapore is the head of state. ... Sellapan Ramanathan (born July 3, 1924 in Singapore) is the sixth and current President of Singapore. ... The unicameral Parliament of Singapore is the legislature of Singapore with the President as its head [1]. It currently consists of 94 Members of Parliament. ... The constituencies of Singapore are electoral divisions in the politics of Singapore which may be represented single or multiple seats in the Parliament of Singapore. ... The following is a historical list of members for the current and past nine Parliaments of Singapore External references Members of Parliament Categories: Singaporean Members of Parliament | Government of Singapore | Politics of Singapore | Singaporean politicians | Singapore-related lists ... Non-Constituency Members of Parliament (NCMPs) are members of the opposition parties who were appointed as members of the Parliament of Singapore even though they had lost in the parliamentary election. ... A Nominated Member of Parliament (NMP) is an unelected MP that does not represent any electoral district in the Parliament of Singapore. ... Political parties in Singapore lists political parties in Singapore. ... Government Government organisations Prime minister: Lee Hsien Loong Cabinet

Judiciary The government of Singapore consists of several departments, known as ministries and statutory boards in Singapore. ... The Prime Minister of Singapore is the head of government of the Republic of Singapore (and prior to 9 August 1965, the State of Singapore). ... Lee, Hsien Loong (Simplified Chinese: 李显龙; Traditional Chinese: 李顯龍; Pinyin: Lǐ Xiǎnlóng; born February 10, 1952) is the third Prime Minister of Singapore. ... The cabinet of Singapore forms the executive and it is headed by the prime minister, who is the head of government. ... In law, the judiciary or judicature is the system of courts which administer justice and provide a mechanism for the resolution of disputes. ... Judicial system

Elections Judicial power in Singapore is vested in the Supreme Court as well as surbodinate courts by the constitution. ... There are currently two types of Elections in Singapore in Singapore: parliamentary; and (since 1993) presidential. ... National Referendum 1962 Presidential Elections Parliamentary Elections General Election 2006

Women in Singapore politics

See also: History of Singapore

edit The Singapore national referendum of 1962, or also commonly refered to as the Merger Referendum of Singapore was held in Singapore on September 1, 1962, which called for people to vote on the terms of merger with Malaysia. ... Presidential elections in Singapore were first held in 1991 when constitutional admendments allowed Singaporeans to elect the President of Singapore by popular vote. ... The Parliamentary elections in Singapore began with the independence of Singapore from the Federation of Malaysia on 9 August 1965, thus renaming the Singapore State Governments Legislative Assembly as the Parliament of Singapore. ... This article or section needs to be updated. ... Women in Singapore traditionally played a small role in the politics of Singapore and Singapores public life. ... The history of Singapore had a relatively minor role in the greater history of Southeast Asia until 1819, when the Englishman Sir Thomas Stamford Raffles founded a British port on the island. ...

Political development

The party was formed in 1954 by English-educated middle-class men who had returned from Britain. The PAP first contested the legislative elections of 1955, in which 25 of 32 seats were allowed to be elected. The PAP won three seats, one by Lee Kuan Yew. The PAP has controlled the Singapore government since the party won the first full general election of 1959, winning all or vast majority seats of every general election. 1954 (MCMLIV) was a common year starting on Friday of the Gregorian calendar. ... Lee Kuan Yew (Chinese: 李光耀; Pinyin: Lǐ Guāngyào; born September 16, 1923; also spelled Lee Kwan-Yew) was the first Prime Minister of the Republic of Singapore from 1959 to 1990. ...

Between 1963 and 1965, Singapore was a part of Malaysia and PAP functioned as a Malaysian party. However, the prospect that PAP might rule Malaysia upset the ruling United Malays National Organisation (UMNO) and the Malay nationalist belief in Ketuanan Melayu. Participation of both parties in the elections of the other's sphere of influence in Kuala Lumpur and Singapore respectively, further heated PAP-UMNO relations. The clash of personalities between then PAP Prime Minister Lee Kuan Yew and the then-Malaysian Prime Minister Tunku Abdul Rahman resulted in an ensuing crisis and led to Singapore's separation from Malaysia in 1965. Upon independence, the PAP ceased operations outside of Singapore. 1963 (MCMLXIII) was a common year starting on Tuesday (the link is to a full 1963 calendar). ... 1965 (MCMLXV) was a common year starting on Friday (the link is to a full 1965 calendar). ... UMNO Flag The United Malays National Organisation, or UMNO, (Malay: Pertubuhan Kebangsaan Melayu Bersatu), is the largest political party in Malaysia and a founding member of the Barisan Nasional coalition, which has ruled the country uninterruptedly since its independence. ... United Malays National Organisation (UMNO) Youth Chief Hishamuddin Hussein waving the keris (traditional Malay dagger) in defense of ketuanan Melayu. ... Mayor Datuk Ruslin Hasan Area  - Total (City) 243. ... The sometimes tumultous relationship between the Peoples Action Party (PAP) and United Malays National Organisation (UMNO), which were, and still are, the ruling parties respectively of Singapore and Malaysia, has impacted the recent history of both states. ... Tunku Abdul Rahman Putra Al-Haj ibni Almarhum Sultan Abdul Hamid Shah (February 8, 1903–December 6, 1990) usually known as the Tunku (a princely title in Malaysia), and also called Bapa Kemerdekaan (Father of Independence) or Bapa Malaysia (Father of Malaysia), was Chief Minister of the Federation of Malaya... 1965 (MCMLXV) was a common year starting on Friday (the link is to a full 1965 calendar). ...

The PAP has held the overwhelming majority of seats in Parliament since 1966, when the opposition Barisan Sosialis (Socialist Front), a left-wing group that split from PAP in 1961, resigned from Parliament after winning 13 seats following the 1963 state elections, which itself occurred months after a number of their leaders had been arrested in Operation Coldstore. The resignation left the PAP as the only major political party. In the general elections of 1968, 1972, 1976, and 1980, the PAP won all of the seats in an expanding parliament. Opposition parties have not held more than four parliamentary seats since 1984. 1966 (MCMLXVI) was a common year starting on Saturday (the link is to a full 1966 calendar). ... Barisan Sosialis (Socialist Front) is a Singaporean political party formed in 1961, by left-wing former members of the Peoples Action Party (PAP) and led by people such as Dr Lee Siew Choh and Lim Chin Siong. ... 1961 (MCMLXI) was a common year starting on Sunday (the link is to a full 1961 calendar). ... The Singapore legislative assembly general election of 1963 were elections that took place in Singapore on 21 September 1963 following five days after the merger with Malaysia and therefore as an autonomous state of Malaysia. ... In February 1963, the government of Singapore conducted a security operation, named Operation Coldstore (sometimes spelled Operation Cold Store), and arrested at least 107 left-wing politicians and trade unionists. ...

Organisation

Initially adopting a traditionalist Leninist party organization together with a vanguard cadre from its communist-leaning faction in 1958 the PAP Executive later expelled the leftist faction, bringing the ideological basis of the party into the centre, and later in the 60s, moving further to the right. In the beginning there were about 500 so-called "temporary cadre" appointed (Mauzy and Milne, 2002, p. 41) but the current number of cadres is unknown and the register of cadres is kept confidential. In 1988, Wong Kan Seng revealed that there were more than 1000 cadres. Cadre members have the right to attend party conferences and to vote for and elect and to be elected to the Central Executive Committee (CEC), the pinnacle of party leaders. To become a cadre, a PAP member is first nominated by the MP in his or her branch. The candidate then undergoes three sessions of interviews, each with four or five ministers or MPs, and the appointment is then made by the CEC. About 100 candidates are nominated each year. [1] Vladimir Lenin in 1920 Leninism is a political and economic theory which builds upon Marxism; it is a branch of Marxism (and it has been the dominant branch of Marxism in the world since the 1920s). ... Communism - Wikipedia /**/ @import /w/skins-1. ... 1958 (MCMLVIII) was a common year starting on Wednesday of the Gregorian calendar. ... For other uses of the term, see Cadre (disambiguation). ... Wong Kan Seng Wong Kan Seng (Simplified Chinese:黄根成; born 1946) is the Minister for Home Affairs in Singapore. ...

Political power in the party is concentrated in Central Executive Committee (CEC), led by the Secretary-General. Most of the members in the CEC are also cabinet members. From 1957 onwards the rules said that the leaving CEC should recommend a list of candidates on which the cadre members can then vote. This has been changed recently so that the CEC nominates eight members and the party caucus selects the remaining ten. The party regards ethnic diversity and representation of women as very important. 1957 (MCMLVII) was a common year starting on Tuesday of the Gregorian calendar. ... Women in Singapore traditionally played a small role in the politics of Singapore and Singapores public life. ...

The next lower level committee is the HQ Executive Committee (HQ exco) which performs party's administration and oversees twelve sub-committees. [2] The sub-committees are:

1. Branch Appointments and Relations
2. Constituency Relations
3. Information and Feedback
4. New Media
5. Malay Affairs
6. Membership Recruitment and Cadre Selection
7. PAP Awards
8. Political Education
9. Publicity and Publication
10. Social and Recreational
11. Women's Wing
12. Young PAP

Ideology

Since the early years of the PAP's rule, the idea of survival has been a central theme of Singaporean politics. According to Diane Mauzy and R.S. Milne, most analysts of Singaporeans have discerned four major "ideologies" of the PAP: pragmatism, meritocracy, multiracialism, and Asian values or communitarianism. In January 1991, the PAP introduced the White Paper on Shared Values, which tried to create a national ideology and institutionalize Asian values. The party also has 'rejected' what they considered Western-style liberal democracy. Some claim largely as a political statement because of the heavy utilisation of many aspects of liberal democracy in Singapore's public policy (specifically the welfare state and recognition of democratic institutions). Prof. Hussin Mutalib, however, states that for Lee Kuan Yew "Singapore would be better off without liberal democracy" (Mutalib, 2004, p. 20) Pragmatism is a collection of many different ways of thinking. ... Meritocracy is, as the suffix -cracy implies, a system of government based on rule by ability (merit) rather than by wealth, race or other determinants of social position. ... Multiracialism is term for an ideology practised by the Singaporean government that promotes cultural independence along ethnic lines (while simultaneously encouraging the formation of a national culture). ... Asian values was a concept that came into vogue in the 1990s, predicated on the belief in the existence in Asian countries of a unique set of institutions and political ideologies which reflected the regions culture and history. ... Communitarianism as a group of related but distinct philosophies began in the late 20th century, opposing aspects of liberalism and capitalism while advocating phenomena such as civil society. ... This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ... It has been suggested that Welfare capitalism be merged into this article or section. ...

The party economic ideology has always accepted the need for some welfare spending, pragmatic economic interventionism and general Keynesian economic policy. However, free-market policies have been popular since the 1980's as part of the wider implementation of a meritocracy on Singaporean civil society and Singapore frequently ranks extremely highly on indices of economic freedom published by economically liberal organisations such as the World Bank and IMF. Macroeconomics is the economics sub-field of study that considers aggregate behavior, and the study of the sum of individual economic decisions. ... ... Economic interventionism is a term used to describe activity undertaken by a central government to affect a countrys economy in an attempt to increase economic growth and/or standards of living. ... Keynesian economics, or Keynesianism, is an economic theory based on the ideas of John Maynard Keynes, as put forward in his book The General Theory of Employment, Interest and Money, published in 1936 in response to the Great Depression of the 1930s. ... Economic policy refers to the actions that governments take in the economic field. ... In the politics of economics, the free market is a controversial rhetorical device used by political conservatives (generally in the United States and the United Kingdom) to promote the expansion of a European-based and controlled system of economic controls as market freedom —often associated with an agenda which claims... Meritocracy is, as the suffix -cracy implies, a system of government based on rule by ability (merit) rather than by wealth, race or other determinants of social position. ... Civil society or civil institutions refers to the totality of voluntary civic and social organizations or institutions which form the basis of a functioning society as opposed to the force backed structures of a state (regardless of that states political system). ... The liberal theory of economics is the theory of economics begun in the Englightenment, and believed to be first fully forumulated by Adam Smith. ... Logo of the World Bank The International Bank for Reconstruction and Development (IBRD, in Romance languages: BIRD), better known as the World Bank, is an international organization whose original mission was to finance the reconstruction of nations devastated by WWII. Now, its mission has expanded to fight poverty by means... The flag of the International Monetary Fund (IMF) The International Monetary Fund (IMF) is the international organization entrusted with overseeing the global financial system by monitoring foreign exchange rates and balance of payments, as well as offering technical and financial assistance when asked. ...

Lee Kuan Yew has also said in 1992: "Through Hong Kong watching, I concluded that state welfare and subsidies blunted the individual's drive to succeed. I watched with amazement the ease with which Hong Kong workers adjusted their salaries upwards in boom times and downwards in recessions. I resolved to reverse course on the welfare policies which my party had inherited or copied from British Labour Party policies." [3]

It has been suggested controversially, that the Peoples Action Party may be essentially Fascist. It, however, must be noted that Fascism is not necessarily a racist doctrine. A little known fact about the PAP symbol is that it is almost identical to the old Flash and Circle used by British Union of Fascists under Oswald Mosley, and later under the Union Movement with the same leader. Even the meaning assigned to these symbols is similar. The BUF and UM version (which was red,white and blue) was supposed to represent "...The flash of action inside the circle of unity....", while the PAP symbol (which is red and purple) stands for action inside "...interacial unity...." This could indicate that the orginal PAP leadership might have drawn influence from Mosley. Lee Kuan Yew in particular was at Cambridge University during a time when Mosley would frequently speak there on behalf of its Student Union, it is possible that he may have consciously integrated aspects of Mosleyism into his own political views (including Corporatism and Organic Statism which seem to be at the core of PAPs economic and social policies), which may have been given 'Singaporean characteristics' so to speak, with the creation of the PAP. Fascism (in Italian, fascismo), capitalized, was the authoritarian political movement which ruled Italy from 1922 to 1943 under the leadership of Benito Mussolini. ... 1. ... The flag of the British Union of Fascists The Flash and Circle is the best known symbol of the British Union of Fascists. ... The flag of the British Union of Fascists showing the Flash and Circle symbolic of action within unity The British Union of Fascists (BUF) was a political party of the 1930s in the United Kingdom. ... Sir Oswald Ernald Mosley, 6th Baronet (November 16, 1896 – December 3, 1980) was a British politician principally known as the founder of the British Union of Fascists. ... The Union Movement was an extreme right wing political party founded in Britain by Oswald Mosley. ... The University of Cambridge is the second-oldest university in the English-speaking world, with one of the most selective sets of entry requirements in the United Kingdom. ... Historically, corporatism or corporativism (Italian corporativismo) is a political system in which legislative power is given to civic assemblies that represent economic, industrial, agrarian, and professional groups. ... Statism is a term that is used in a variety of disciplines (economics, sociology, education policy etc) to describe a system that involves a significant interventionist role for the state in economic or social affairs. ...

The party is deeply suspicious of communist political ideologies, despite a brief joint alliance with the communists against colonialism in Singapore during the party's early years. It has since considered itself subscribing to social democratic ideologies, though the party has clearly moved to the right since the 1970's. Communism is a philosophical way of thought that pertains to a conjectured future classless, stateless social organization based upon common ownership of the means of production, and can be classified as a branch of the broader socialist movement. ... It has been suggested that Colonisation be merged into this article or section. ... Social democracy is a political ideology emerging in the late 19th and early 20th centuries from supporters of Marxism who believed that the transition to a socialist society could be achieved through democratic evolutionary rather than revolutionary means. ... In politics, right-wing, the political right, or simply The Right, are terms that refer to the segment of the political spectrum often associated with any of several strains of conservatism, the religious right, and areas of classical liberalism, or simply the opposite of left-wing politics. ...

In 1976 the PAP resigned from the Socialist International, after the Dutch Labour Party had proposed to expel the party. 1976 (MCMLXXVI) was a leap year starting on Thursday (the link is to a full 1976 calendar). ... The official symbol of Socialist International The Socialist International (SI) is an international organisation for social democratic and democratic socialist parties. ... The Labour Party (in Dutch: Partij van de Arbeid, PvdA) is a Dutch social-democratic political party. ...

Controversies

The PAP's methods in consolidating power and suppressing some of its political rivals in the Singapore political landscape are often considered authoritarian by western liberals. The use of the judicial system in suing opposition members for libel, the internment of opposition politicians without trial under the Internal Security Act, its widely-perceived control of the press and media, and the need for police permits to hold any kind of public talk, exhibition, or demonstration are commonly-cited examples to support this view. One example of such controls, was when all demonstrations against the 2003 Iraq war withered due to lack of permits granted to the demonstrators. The leading newspaper of Singapore, the Straits Times is often perceived as a propaganda newspaper because it rarely criticises government policy, and covers little about the opposition. This perception is, furthermore, due to the fact the owners of the paper, Singapore Press Holdings, is a government-linked corporation. Authoritarianism describes a form of government characterized by strict obedience to the authority of the state, which often maintains and enforces social control through the use of oppressive measures. ... This article discusses liberalism as a major political current in specific regions and countries. ... Judicial power in Singapore is vested in the Supreme Court as well as surbodinate courts by the constitution. ... In English and American law, and systems based on them, libel and slander are two forms of defamation (or defamation of character), which is the tort or delict of publishing (meaning to a third party) a false statement that negatively affects someones reputation. ... The word internment is generally used to refer to the imprisonment or confinement of people, generally in prison camps or prisons, without due process of law and a trial. ... In the wake of World War II, a number of countries around the world introduced legislation that severely curtailed the rights of known or suspected communists. ... This article covers invasion specifics. ... The Straits Times is an English-language broadsheet newspaper based in Singapore. ... It has been suggested that Propaganda in the United States be merged into this article or section. ... Singapore Press Holdings Limited (SPH) is the leading newspaper and magazine publisher in Singapore. ...

The election process in Singapore is overseen by the Elections Department, and the boundaries of the multi-seat group representative constituencies of Singapore are officially created by the President of Singapore but is usually advised by the Elections Department. The lack of separation of powers has led to accusations by the opposition parties and their supporters that the PAP is using its role as the ruling party of the government of Singapore to commit gerrymandering. ^[1] These accusations include that the PAP intentionally causes redrawing of electoral districts just before the general elections, thus often erasing the opposition politicians' efforts in building rapport and community ties in the previously existing political divisions. The official justification is that due to changing demographics and the often rapid movements of Singaporeans across the nation, the constituencies have to be regularly adjusted so that each constituency generally represents the same amount of people, although due to the plurality voting system in effect in most of the constituencies, averaging the population in each constituency generally is to the advantage of the ruling party. The Elections Department is a department of the government of Singapore that oversees the procedure for elections in Singapore, including parliamentary elections and presidential elections. ... The constituencies of Singapore are electoral divisions in the politics of Singapore which may be represented single or multiple seats in the Parliament of Singapore. ... Flag of the President of Singapore - banner of arms The President of Singapore is the head of state. ... The separation of powers(or trias politica, a term coined by French political thinker Montesquieu) is a model for the governance of the state. ... Printed in 1812, this political cartoon illustrates the electoral districts drawn by the Massachusetts legislature to favor the incumbent Democratic-Republican party candidates of Governor Elbridge Gerry over the Federalists, from which the term gerrymander is derived. ... It has been suggested that this article or section be merged into Plurality. ...

The opposition parties find it suspicious that constituencies in Singapore, especially the group representative constituencies where the PAP did relatively badly in were systematically removed from the electoral map by the next election and divided or merged into different constituencies. Cheng San GRC, Eunos GRC, Braddell Heights constituency, Paya Lebar constituency and Punggol constituency are some examples of constituencies which have been merged or divided into other constituencies, if one observes a list of changes to Singapore's electoral divisions. The constituencies of Singapore are electoral divisions in the politics of Singapore which may be represented single or multiple seats in the Parliament of Singapore. ... The Singapore electoral divisions are constituencies that elect Members of Parliament to the Parliament of Singapore in every election. ...

Where possible, the observed pattern by the opposition is that they are either merged into strong PAP wards, or distributed between multiple wards. Marine Parade GRC, a PAP stronghold under the leadership of Senior Minister Goh Chok Tong, thus extends all the way to the Serangoon area after swallowing Braddell Heights. Cheng San GRC was erased from the map and distributed between Ang Mo Kio GRC, where the current Prime Minister Lee Hsien Loong is represented, Aljunied GRC and Pasir Ris-Punggol GRC. The absorption of other constituencies into Aljunied GRC was satirised in an article in TalkingCock ^[2], a prominent element in Singaporean popular culture. However, the PAP claims the boundary review committee is a neutral body which advises on electoral boundary changes based on demographic changes. The political office of Senior Minister in the political system of Singapore is taken by a Prime Minister when he retires from that office, but still has something to offer the government based on his long experience. ... Goh Chok Tong (Chinese: 吴作栋; (Simp. ... About Serangoon is a New Town situated in the central parts of the city-state of Singapore. ... Ang Mo Kio Group Representative Constituency This GRC is head by the Prime Minister of Singapore Mr. ... Sir Robert Walpole, the first Prime Minister of the United Kingdom. ... Lee, Hsien Loong (Simplified Chinese: 李显龙; Traditional Chinese: 李顯龍; Pinyin: Lǐ Xiǎnlóng; born February 10, 1952) is the third Prime Minister of Singapore. ... Aljunied Group Representation Constituency is a five member group representation constituency in the north-eastern area in Singapore. ... Campaign posters for Pasir Ris-Punggol Group Representation Constituency during the general election in 2006, with the Peoples Action Partys poster on top and Singapore Democratic Alliances below. ... Satire is a literary technique of writing or art which exposes the follies of its subject (for example, individuals, organizations, or states) to ridicule, often as an intended means of provoking or preventing change. ... As Singapore is a small and relatively modern amalgam of Chinese, Malay and Indian immigrants, the culture of Singapore expresses the diversity of the population as the various ethnic groups continue to celebrate their own cultures while they intermingle with one another. ...

The party's ability in delivering economic goods has been well proven over the past decades, and this has also been used as political carrots to sway electoral votes. With almost 80% of the population living in government-built public housing flats constructed by the Housing Development Board (HDB) since the 1950s, the HDB announced massive upgrading works for the older precincts across the country via the Main Upgrading Programme, Selective En bloc Redevelopment Scheme, Interim Upgrading Programme and so forth. As the upgrading works are done on a precinct level in batches, PAP's politicians began to politicise it by clamouring to get precincts within their jurisdiction to be selected first. It was noted that precincts in opposition wards were not selected initially, a situation the government explained as "giving priority to those who demonstrate they needed it most". The PAP did not indicate opposition precincts will be left out completely, but clearly suggested that PAP precincts will be given priority. HDB Logo The Housing and Development Board (HDB) is the government agency responsible for Singapores public housing programme. ... The 1950s were a decade that spanned the years 1950 through 1959. ... The Main Upgrading Programme, or MUP, was formally launched in March 1992, initiating a massive physical upgrading exercise for the thousands of flats built by the Housing and Development Board in Singapore. ... The Selective En bloc Redevelopment Scheme, or SERS for short, is an urban redevelopment strategy employed by the Housing and Development Board in Singapore in maintaining and upgrading public housing flats in older estates in the city. ...

During the 1997 general election in the face of the major Tang Liang Hong challenge in Cheng San GRC, the PAP publicly stated that priority for upgrading works will be allocated according to district level polling results. They further warned that constituencies who fail to vote in a PAP candidate risk having their estates ending up as "slums". In the build-up to the General Elections of 2006, Senior Minister Goh Chok Tong again voiced his concern that Hougang Single Member Constituency, held by the Workers' Party and Potong Pasir Single Member Constituency, held by the Singapore Democratic Alliance, would continue to be left behind in upgrading policies. He described the neighbourhoods as areas from the '1950s'. The introduction to this article provides insufficient context for those unfamiliar with the subject matter. ... A boy from an East Cipinang trash dump slum in Jakarta, Indonesia shows his find. ... Hougang Single Member Constituency is a Single Member Constituency located in the north-eastern area of Singapore. ... The Workers Party is a name used by various political parties throughout the world. ... Potong Pasir Single Member Constituencys election poster for the 2006 general election. ... Alliance logo The Singapore Democratic Alliance (SDA) is an alliance of political parties in Singapore. ...

Another allegation made against the PAP by the opposition has been that of nepotism. Several of Minister Mentor Lee Kuan Yew's family members hold prominent economic and political positions. His son, Lee Hsien Loong, is the present Prime Minister of Singapore and is the Vice-Chairman of the Government Investment Corporation, of which his father is the Chairman. His other son, Lee Hsien Yang, is the CEO of a major telecommunications corporation, Singtel, and Lee Wei Ling, his daughter, is the head of the National Neurological Institute. Lee Hsien Loong's wife, Ho Ching, is the executive director of Temasek Holdings, and in 2005, the Fortune magazine ranked her 11th in the list of most powerful women in business outside the United States. Minister Mentor Lee has been engaged in legal tussles with reputable publication The Economist in the past because of these published allegations, and the latter have issued public apologies as well as paid damages in restitution, on two separate occasions in 2004 and 2006. Nepotism means favoring relatives or personal friends because of their relationship rather than because of their abilities. ... Lee, Hsien Loong (Simplified Chinese: 李显龙; Traditional Chinese: 李顯龍; Pinyin: Lǐ Xiǎnlóng; born February 10, 1952) is the third Prime Minister of Singapore. ... The Government of Singapore Investment Corporation (GIC) is a global investment management company established in 1981 to manage Singapores foreign reserves. ... Lee Hsien Yang (Chinese: 李显扬, Pinyin: Lǐ Xiǎnyáng, born 1957) is the second son of Singapores first prime minsiter Lee Kuan Yew. ... SingTel (formerly Singapore Telecoms) is Singapores largest telecommunications company. ... Ho Ching (Chinese: 何晶; Pinyin: Hé Jīng) is the executive director of Temasek Holdings. ... Temasek Holdings is the investment arm of the Singapore government. ... Categories: Magazines stubs | Time Warner subsidiaries | Business magazines ... The Economist is a weekly news and international affairs publication of The Economist Newspaper Ltd edited in London, UK. It has been in continuous publication since September 1843. ...

Leadership

For many years the party was led by former secretary-general Lee Kuan Yew, who was Singapore's prime minister from 1959 to 1990. Lee Kuan Yew handed over the position of secretary-general to Goh Chok Tong in 1991. The current secretary general of PAP and prime minister is Lee Hsien Loong who succeeded Goh Chok Tong on 12 August 2004. Lee Hsien Loong is the elder son of Lee Kuan Yew. Lee Kuan Yew (Chinese: 李光耀; Pinyin: Lǐ Guāngyào; born September 16, 1923; also spelled Lee Kwan-Yew) was the first Prime Minister of the Republic of Singapore from 1959 to 1990. ... 1959 (MCMLIX) was a common year starting on Thursday of the Gregorian calendar. ... This article is about the year. ... Goh Chok Tong (Chinese: 吴作栋; (Simp. ... Lee, Hsien Loong (Simplified Chinese: 李显龙; Traditional Chinese: 李顯龍; Pinyin: Lǐ Xiǎnlóng; born February 10, 1952) is the third Prime Minister of Singapore. ... August 12 is the 224th day of the year (225th in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar. ... 2004 (MMIV) was a leap year starting on Thursday of the Gregorian calendar. ...

The party Chairman is Lim Boon Heng. Lim Boon Heng is the Minister in the Prime Ministers Office and a member of the Cabinet of Singapore. ...

PAP's general election results

1955: won 3 of 25 elected seats, % NA.(PAP began as an opposition party with Lee Kuan Yew as opposition leader. The Labour Front won 13 seats and was the governing party.) Lee Kuan Yew (Chinese: 李光耀; Pinyin: Lǐ Guāngyào; born September 16, 1923; also spelled Lee Kwan-Yew) was the first Prime Minister of the Republic of Singapore from 1959 to 1990. ... The Labour Front is a political party in Singapore. ...

1959: won 43 of 51 seats, with 53% of the vote (since 1959, voting in Singapore has been compulsory).

1963: won 37 of 51 seats, with 47% of the vote (opposition votes were spilt between the Barisan Sosialis Party and the United People's Party). The Singapore legislative assembly general election of 1963 were elections that took place in Singapore on 21 September 1963 following five days after the merger with Malaysia and therefore as an autonomous state of Malaysia. ... This article needs cleanup. ... This article is about the United Peoples Party of Singapore. ...

1968: won all of the seats, with 84% of the vote.

1972: won all of the seats, with 69% of the vote.

1976: won all of the seats, with 72% of the vote.

1980: won all of the seats, with 77% of the vote.

1984: won all except 2 seats, with 65% of the vote.

1988: won 80 of 81 seats, with 63% of the vote.

1991: won 36 of 40 contested seats, with 61% of the vote.

1997: won 34 of 36 contested seats, with 65% of the vote.

2001: won 25 of 27 contested seats, with 75% of the vote. Singapore general election, 2001, was held on 3 November 2001. ...

2006: won 45 of 47 contested seats, with 66.6% of the vote. This article or section needs to be updated. ...

See also

• Barisan Sosialis
• Democratic Action Party

Barisan Sosialis (Socialist Front) is a Singaporean political party formed in 1961, by left-wing former members of the Peoples Action Party (PAP) and led by people such as Dr Lee Siew Choh and Lim Chin Siong. ... Democratic Action Party (DAP) logo The Democratic Action Party (DAP, Parti Tindakan Demokratik in Malay) is Malaysias largest secular and Socialist opposition party. ...

References

Citations

1. ^ Yeo Lay Hwee. Electoral Politics in Singapore. URL accessed on May 9, 2006.
2. ^ Error on call to template:cite web: Parameters url and title must be specifiedK. K. Cheow. TalkingCock. URL accessed on May 9, 2006.

May 9 is the 129th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (130th in leap years). ... 2006 (MMVI) is a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... May 9 is the 129th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (130th in leap years). ... 2006 (MMVI) is a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ...

General references

• Goh, Cheng Teik (1994). Malaysia: Beyond Communal Politics. Pelanduk Publications. ISBN 967-978-475-4.
• Hussin Mutalib (2004). Parties and Politics. A Study of Opposition Parties and the PAP in Singapore. Marshall Cavendish Adademic. ISBN 981-210-408-9
• Mauzy, Diane K. and R.S. Milne (2002). Singapore Politics Under the People's Action Party. Routledge ISBN 0-415-24653-9
• "Singapore - People's Action Party". Retrieved Nov. 7, 2005.

External links

• People's Action Party - Official website
• The PAP cadre system, The Straits Times, 4 April 1998