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In music, an octave (sometimes abbreviated 8ve or 8va) is the interval between one musical note and another with half or double the frequency. For example, if one note is pitched at 400 Hz, the note an octave above it is at 800 Hz, and the note an octave below is at 200 Hz. The ratio of frequencies of two notes an octave apart is therefore 2:1. Music is an art, entertainment, or other human activity which involves organized sound, though definitions may vary. ...
In music theory, an interval is the difference (a ratio or logarithmic measure) in pitch between two notes and often refers to those two notes themselves (otherwise known as a dyad). ...
In music, a note is either a unit of fixed pitch that has been given a name, or the graphic representation of that pitch in a notation system, and sometimes its duration, or a specific instance of either, so one can speak of the second note of Happy Birthday for...
Sine waves of various frequencies; the lower waves have higher frequencies than those above. ...
In music, pitch is the perception of the frequency of a note. ...
The hertz (symbol Hz) is the SI unit of frequency. ...
The octave is the second simplest interval in music. The human ear tends to hear both notes as being essentially "the same". For this reason, notes an octave apart are given the same note name in the Western system of music notation—the name of a note an octave above A is also A. This is called octave equivalency, and is closely related to the concept of harmonics. This is in some ways is similar to enharmonic equivalency, and less so transpositional equivalency and, less still, inversional equivalency, the latter two of which are generally used only in musical set theory or atonal theory. Thus all C#s, or all 1s (if C=0), in any octave are part of the same pitch class. Octave equivalency is a part of most musics, but is far from universal in "primitive" and early music (e.g., Nettl, 1956; Sachs & Kunst, 1962). For an alternative meaning, see ear (botany). ...
Hearing is one, the auditory, of the traditional five senses, and refers to the ability to detect sound. ...
Music notation is a system of writing for music. ...
In mathematics, an equivalence relation on a set X is a binary relation on X that is reflexive, symmetric and transitive, i. ...
In acoustics and telecommunication, the harmonic of a wave is a component frequency of the signal that is an integral multiple of the fundamental frequency. ...
In music, an enharmonic is a note which is the equivalent of some other note, but spelled differently. ...
In music transposition is moving a note or collection of notes (or pitches) up or down in pitch by a constant interval. ...
For non-musical meanings of inversion, see inversion. ...
Musical set theory is a atonal or post-tonal method of musical analysis and composition which is based on explaining and proving musical phenomena, taken as sets and subsets, using mathematical rules and notation and using that information to gain insight to compositions or their creation. ...
Atonality in a general sense describes music that departs from the system of tonal hierarchies that are said to characterized the sound of classical European music from the sixteenth through the nineteenth centuries. ...
In music and music theory a pitch class contains all notes that have the same name; for example, all Es, no matter which octave they are in, are in the same pitch class. ...
Early music is a term used to describe pre-Classical Western music, from the earliest written music to 1500 at the earliest (Judd, 1998, p. ...
As well as being used to describe the relationship between two notes, the word is also used when speaking of a range of notes that fall between a pair an octave apart. In the diatonic scale, this is 8 notes if one counts both ends, hence the name "octave", from Italian for 8. In the chromatic scale, this is 13 notes counting both ends, although traditionally, one speaks of 12 notes of the chromatic scale, not counting both ends. Other scales may have a different number of notes covering the range of an octave, but the word "octave" is still used. In Music theory, the diatonic major scale (also known as the Guido scale), from the Greek diatonikos or to stretch out, is a fundamental building block of the European-influenced musical tradition. ...
8 (eight) is the natural number following 7 and preceding 9. ...
The chromatic scale is a musical scale that contains all twelve pitches of the Western tempered scale. ...
In most Western music, the octave is divided into 12 semitones (see musical tuning). These semitones are usually equally spaced out in a method known as equal temperament. Western music is a broad category of music that includes all musical genres that use a 12-note chromatic scale, including Western classical music, rock and roll, and many other forms of popular music. ...
The musical interval of a half step, semitone, or minor second is the relationship between the leading tone and the first note (the root or tonic) in a major scale. ...
This page is about musical systems of tuning, for the musical process of tuning see tuning. ...
Equal temperament is a scheme of musical tuning in which the octave is divided into a series of equal steps (equal frequency ratios). ...
The notation 8va is sometimes seen in sheet music, meaning "play this an octave higher than written." 8va stands for ottava, the Italian word for octave. Sometimes 8va will also be used to indicate a passage is to be played an octave lower, although the similar notation 8vb (ottava bassa) is more common. Similarly, 15ma means "play two octaves higher than written." Coll'ottava means to play the passage in octaves. Any of these directions can be cancelled with the word loco, but often a dashed line or bracket indicates the extent of the music affected. Sheet music is written represenation of music. ...
Italian is a Romance language spoken by about 70 million people, most of whom live in Italy. ...
For music-theoretical purposes (not on sheet music), octave can be abbreviated as P8.
See also
In music and sight singing solfege or solmization is a way of assigning syllables to degrees or steps of the diatonic scale. ...
The word diapason is used in a number of musical contexts. ...
The cent is a unit in a logarithmic scale of relative pitch or intervals. ...
The musical interval of a half step, semitone, or minor second is the relationship between the leading tone and the first note (the root or tonic) in a major scale. ...
In music, specifically, musical set theory an interval class, or unordered pitch-class interval, is an interval measured by the distance between its two pitch classes ordered so they are as close as possible. ...
The cent is a unit in a logarithmic scale of relative pitch or intervals. ...
Equal temperament is a scheme of musical tuning in which the octave is divided into a series of equal steps (equal frequency ratios). ...
In Music theory, the diatonic major scale (also known as the Guido scale), from the Greek diatonikos or to stretch out, is a fundamental building block of the European-influenced musical tradition. ...
Just intonation is any musical tuning in which the frequencies of notes are related by whole number ratios. ...
In music theory, an interval is the difference (a ratio or logarithmic measure) in pitch between two notes and often refers to those two notes themselves (otherwise known as a dyad). ...
In music, a unison is an interval, the ratio of 1:1 or 0 halfsteps and zero cents. ...
The musical interval of a half step, semitone, or minor second is the relationship between the leading tone and the first note (the root or tonic) in a major scale. ...
The musical interval of a major second — also called a whole-tone — is the relationship between the first note (the root or tonic) and the second note in a major scale (and also a minor scale). ...
The musical interval of a minor third is the relationship between the first note (the root or tonic) and the third note in a minor scale. ...
The musical interval of a Major third is the relationship between the first note (the root or tonic) and the third note in a major scale. ...
The musical interval of a perfect fourth, often P4, is the relationship between the first note (the root or tonic) and the fourth note (subdominant) in a major scale. ...
This article is about the musical interval. ...
The musical interval of a perfect fifth is the relationship between the first note (the root or tonic) and the fifth note in a major scale. ...
The musical interval of a minor sixth is the relationship between the first note (the root or tonic) and the sixth note in a minor scale. ...
The musical interval of a major sixth is the relationship between the first note (the root or tonic) and the sixth note in a Major scale. ...
The musical interval of a minor seventh the first note (the root or tonic) and the seventh in a minor scale. ...
The musical interval of a Major seventh the first note (the root or tonic) and the seventh, the leading tone, in a major scale. ...
Source - Burns, Edward M. (1999). "Intervals, Scales, and Tuning", The Psychology of Music second edition. Deutsch, Diana, ed. San Diego: Academic Press. ISBN 0122135644.
- Sachs, C. and Kunst, J. (1962). In The wellsprings of music, ed. Kunst, J. The Hague: Marinus Nijhoff.
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