This article or section contains information about an upcoming or ongoing election. Content may change dramatically as the election approaches and unfolds.

The first round of the 2006 Peruvian national election was held on April 9, 2006 to elect the President of the Republic, two Vice-Presidents, 120 Members of Congress, and five Peruvian members of the Andean Parliament (plus 10 substitutes), for the 2006-2011 period. Established in the Constitution of 1993, the President of the Republic is the Chief of the State and represents the republic in official international matters. ... Alejandro Celestino Toledo Manrique (born 28 March 1946) is the current President of Peru. ... // Prime Ministers of Peru (1963–1980) The Morales Bermúdez Administration (1975–1980) Prime Ministers of Peru (1980–2000) The Belaunde 2th Administration (1980–1985) The Garcia Administration (1985–1990) The Fujimori Administration (1990–2000) Prime Ministers of Peru (2000–2020) The Paniagua Administration (2000–2001) The Toledo Administration (2000... Pedro Pablo Kuczynski Godard (born 1938) is a Peruvian economist and politician, and the current prime minister of the country. ... Congress (Spanish: Congreso) is the name given to Perus unicameral legislature under the current (1993) constitution. ... Political parties in Peru lists political parties in Peru. ... Elections in Peru provides information pertaining to the election process and the results of Peruvian presidencial elections. ... The Subdivisions of Peru have changed from time to time, since the nation gained independence from Spain in the early 19th century. ... In October 1998, Peru and Ecuador signed a peace accord which definitively resolved border differences which had, over the years, resulted in armed conflict. ... This is the history of Peru. ... Information on politics by country is available for every country, including both de jure and de facto independent states, inhabited dependent territories, as well as areas of special sovereignty. ... April 9 is the 99th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (100th in leap years). ... 2006 (MMVI) is a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... Established in the Constitution of 1993, the President of the Republic is the Chief of the State and represents the republic in official international matters. ... Congress (Spanish: Congreso) is the name given to Perus unicameral legislature under the current (1993) constitution. ... States of CAN The Andean Community of Nations (in Spanish: Comunidad Andina de Naciones, abbreviated CAN) is a trade bloc comprising the South American countries of Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru and Venezuela. ... 2011 (MMXI) will be a common year starting on Saturday of the Gregorian calendar. ...

No single presidential ticket obtained more than half of the total valid votes. Thus a runoff election will be held on June 4, 2006 between the two candidates with most votes, Ollanta Humala and Alan García, as announced on May 3 by electoral authorities.[1] García beat Lourdes Flores for the second place by a very slim margin, prompting her to concede defeat only reluctantly.[2] The president-elect will be inaugurated on 28 July 2006, on Peruvian National Day. June 4 is the 155th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (156th in leap years), with 210 days remaining. ... 2006 (MMVI) is a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... Ollanta Humala Tasso (born June 26, 1963) is a Peruvian left-leaning nationalist politician and a Lieutenant Colonel (retired) in the Peruvian army. ... Alan Gabriel Ludwig García Pérez (born May 23, 1949 in Lima) was President of Peru from 1985 to 1990. ... May 3 is the 123rd day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (124th in leap years). ... Lourdes Flores Lourdes Flores Nano (born 1959) is a Peruvian politician and lawyer. ... July 28 is the 209th day (210th in leap years) of the year in the Gregorian Calendar, with 156 days remaining. ... 2006 (MMVI) is a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ...

The Congressional election makes use of 25 Electoral Districts (Peru's 24 departments and the Constitutional Province of Callao). The number of seats in Congress for each district is determined by its number of eligible voters. A political party must win a minimum of five seats in two electoral districts or 4% of nationwide valid votes in order to get represented in Congress. The Subdivisions of Peru have changed from time to time, since the nation gained independence from Spain in the early 19th century. ... The Constitutional Province of Callao is the only province in the Callao Region of Peru. ...

Like the presidential and vice-presidential election, the Andean Parliament election does not use Electoral Districts, using nationwide votes instead. A minimum of 4% of nationwide valid votes is necessary for a party to get any representation in the Andean Parliament.

"Valid votes" only include votes correctly issued for exactly one candidate. Hence, blank ballots, multiple-candidate votes or incorrect markings do not affect the overall results, functioning at most as political statements.

The National Registry of Identification and Civil Status (Registro Nacional de Identificación y Estado Civil) is in charge of registering eligible voters; the National Office of Electoral Processes (Oficina Nacional de Procesos Electorales) organizes the election; and the National Election Jury (Jurado Nacional de Elecciones) makes any rulings concerning the election, including the proclamation of official results.

Results

Official results by the National Office of Electoral Processes, are given below. First Round Presidential results are final. Congressional and Andean Parliament results are partial.

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Summary of the 9 April and 4 June 2006 Peruvian presidential election results

Candidates - Parties	Votes 1st round	% (Valid Votes)	Votes 2nd round	%
Ollanta Humala Tasso - Union for Peru (Unión por el Perú)	3,758,258	30.616
Alan García Pérez - Peruvian Aprista Party (Partido Aprista Peruano)	2,985,858	24.324
Lourdes Flores Nano - National Unity (Unidad Nacional)	2,923,280	23.814	-	-
Martha Chávez Cossio - Alliance for the Future (Alianza por el Futuro)	912,420	7.433	-	-
Valentín Paniagua Corazao - Center Front (Frente de Centro)	706,156	5.753	-	-
Humberto Lay Sun - National Restoration (Restauración Nacional)	537,564	4.379	-	-
Susana Villarán - Decentralist Concertation (Concertación Descentralista)	76,105	0.620	-	-
Jaime Salinas - National Justice (Justicia Nacional)	65,636	0.535	-	-
Javier Diez Canseco - Socialist Party (Partido Socialista)	60,955	0.497	-	-
Natale Amprimo - Alliance for Progress (Alianza Para el Progreso)	49,332	0.402	-	-
Pedro Koechlin Von Stein - With Force Peru (Con Fuerza Perú)	38,212	0.311	-	-
Alberto Moreno - New Left Movement (Movimiento Nueva Izquierda)	33,918	0.276	-	-
Alberto Borea - Democratic Force (Fuerza Democrática)	24,584	0.200	-	-
Ulises Humala - Go On Country (Avanza País)	24,518	0.200	-	-
Ciro Gálvez - Andean Renaissance (Renacimiento Andino)	22,892	0.186	-	-
Javier Espinoza - Let's Make Progress Peru (Progresemos Perú)	13,965	0.114	-	-
José Cardó Guarderas - Democratic Reconstruction (Reconstrucción Democrática)	11,925	0.097	-	-
Ántero Asto - Peruvian Resurgence (Resurgimiento Peruano)	10,857	0.088	-	-
Ricardo Wong - And It's Called Peru (Y se llama Perú)	10,539	0.086	-	-
Luis Guerrero - Peru Now (Perú Ahora)	8,410	0.069	-	-
Total valid (Turnout: 88.706 %)	12,275,384	100
Blank	1,737,045	11.872
Invalid	619,574	4.234
Source: National Office of Electoral Processes.

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Summary of the 9 April 2006 election results for members of the Congress of the Republic of Peru (PARTIAL, 97.880%)
and Peruvian members of the Andean Parliament (PARTIAL, 95.003%)

Parties	Congress			Andean Parliament
	Votes	% (Valid)	Seats	Votes	% (Valid)	Seats	Substitutes
Union for Peru (Unión por el Perú) includes Peruvian Nationalist Party (Partido Nacionalista Peruano)	2,240,447	21.243		1,962,389	24.117
Peruvian Aprista Party (Partido Aprista Peruano)	2,169,498	20.570		1,838,499	22.594
National Unity (Unidad Nacional) Christian People's Party (Partido Popular Cristiano) National Solidarity (Solidaridad Nacional) National Renewal (Renovación Nacional)	1,610,216	15.267		1,722,924	21.174
Alliance for the Future (Alianza por el Futuro) Change 90 (Cambio 90) New Majority (Nueva Mayoría)	1,375,425	13.041		748,642	9.201
Center Front (Frente del Centro) Popular Action (Acción Popular) We Are Peru (Somos Perú) National Co-ordination of Independents (Coordinadora Nacional de Independientes)	746,578	7.079		457,145	5.618
Peru Possible (Perú Posible)	430,639	4.083		183,663	2.257
National Restoration (Restauración Nacional)	423,233	4.013		414,664	5.096
Alliance for Progress (Alianza Para el Progreso)	244,594	2.319		135,857	1.670
Independent Moralizing Front (Frente Independiente Moralizador)	153,906	1.459		73,663	0.905
Democratic Force (Fuerza Democrática)	152,139	1.442		-	-
National Justice (Justicia Nacional)	149,567	1.418		93,005	1.143
New Left Movement (Movimiento Nueva Izquierda)	131,832	1.250		79,015	0.971
Socialist Party (Partido Socialista)	131,577	1.248		133,460	1.640
Go On Country (Avanza País)	120,705	1.144		62,195	0.764
Decentralist Concertation (Concertación Descentralista)	90,316	0.856		-	-
FIA People's Agricultural Front of Peru (Frente Popular Agrícola FIA del Perú - FREPAP)	83,523	0.792		-	-
Andean Renaissance (Renacimiento Andino)	74,438	0.706		50,633	0.622
With Force Peru (Con Fuerza Perú)	69,926	0.663		91,490	1.124
Peru Now (Perú Ahora)	45,602	0.432		23,248	0.286
Democratic Reconstruction (Reconstrucción Democrática)	28,393	0.269		25,980	0.319
Project Country (Proyecto País)	21,086	0.200		19,317	0.237
Peruvian Resurgence (Resurgimiento Peruano)	20,281	0.192		21,199	0.261
And It's Called Peru (Y se llama Perú)	19,430	0.184		-	-
Let's Make Progress Peru (Progresemos Perú)	13,646	0.129		-	-
Total valid	10,546,997	100	120	8,136,988	100	5	10
Blank	1,652,770	11.543		3,959,657	28.500
Invalid	2,117,929	14.792		1,796,778	12.932
Source: National Office of Electoral Processes

List of presidents of Peru : The Independence War 1821-1822: José de San Martín 1822-1823: José de La Mar 1823: Manuel Salazar y Baquíjano 1823: José de la Riva Agüero 1823-1824: José Bernardo de Tagle 1824-1826: Simón Bolívar 1826-1827: Andrés... Image File history File links UPP_2006. ... Ollanta Humala Tasso (born June 26, 1963) is a Peruvian left-leaning nationalist politician and a Lieutenant Colonel (retired) in the Peruvian army. ... The Union for Peru (Unión por el Perú) is a liberal or centrist party in Peru. ... Image File history File links Partido_Aprista_Peruano. ... Alan Gabriel Ludwig García Pérez (born May 23, 1949 in Lima) was President of Peru from 1985 to 1990. ... The American Popular Revolutionary Alliance (APRA), today officially known as Partido Aprista Peruano (Peruvian Aprista Party) is a Peruvian left wing political party. ... Image File history File links Unidad_Nacional. ... Lourdes Flores Lourdes Flores Nano (born 1959) is a Peruvian politician and lawyer. ... National Unity (Spanish: Unidad Nacional) is a Peruvian political party. ... Image File history File links Alianza_por_el_Futuro. ... Martha Gladys Chávez Cossío de Ocampo (b. ... Logo Alliance for the Future (Alianza por el Futuro) is a Peruvian political alliance formed by pro-Fujimori parties Cambio 90 and Nueva Mayoría for the 2006 national election. ... Image File history File links Frente_de_Centro. ... Valentín Paniagua Corazao (b. ... Logo The Center Front (Frente de Centro) is a Peruvian political coalition formed by parties Acción Popular (AP), Somos Perú (SP) and Coordinadora Nacional de Independientes (CNI) for the 2006 national election. ... Image File history File links Restauración_Nacional. ... Pastor Humberto Lay Sun is an Peruvian evangelical minister of the Assemblies of God, an architect at the Universidad Nacional de Ingeniería, and a politician. ... National Restoration (Restauración Nacional) is a Peruvian political party, that contends in the 2006 national election. ... Image File history File links Concertación_Descentralista. ... Susana Villarán de la Puente is a Peruvian educator, journalist and politician. ... Concertación Descentralista is a Peruvian electoral coalition established to contend in the 2006 national election. ... Image File history File links Justicia_Nacional. ... Jaime Salinas López-Torres (born 8 March, 1963 in Lima, Peru) is a Peruvian politician, son of General Jaime Salinas Sedó. He was Justicia Nacionals presidential candidate for the 2006 national election. ... Image File history File links Partido_Socialista_Peruano. ... Javier Diez Canseco is a member of the Peruvian Congress representing the party Partido Democrático Descentralista (PDD), of which he is a co-founder, he is also a candidate for president as the head of the Peruvian Socialist Party. ... Logo Socialist Party of Peru (in Spanish: Partido Socialista del Perú), a political party in Peru. ... Image File history File links Alianza_para_el_Progreso. ... Natale Juan Amprimo Pla is a Peruvian politician. ... Image File history File links Con_Fuerza_Perú.png Summary Logo for Con Fuerza Perú (Peruvian political party). ... Pedro Koechlin von Stein is a Peruvian politician and entrepreneur. ... Image File history File links Movimiento_Nueva_Izquierda. ... Alberto Moreno Rojas del Río (b. ... Image File history File links Fuerza_Democrática. ... Alberto Borea Odría is a Peruvian lawyer and politician. ... Image File history File links Avanza_País. ... Ulises Humala Tasso[[1]] is a professor at the Universidad Nacional de Ingeniería and a Peruvian politician who is running for president in the 2006 election on the Avanza País ticket. ... Image File history File links Renacimiento_Andino. ... Ciro Alfredo Gálvez Herrera is a Peruvian lawyer and politician. ... Andean Renaissance (Renacimiento Andino) is a political party in Peru. ... Image File history File links Progresemos_Peru. ... Javier Felipe Espinoza Ayaipoma is a Peruvian politician. ... Image File history File links Reconstrucción_Democrática. ... José Cardó Guarderas is a Peruvian and was Reconstrucción Democráticas presidential candidate for the 2006 national election. ... Image File history File links Resurgimiento_Peruano. ... Ántero Asto Flores is a Peruvian educator and politician. ... Image File history File links Y_se_llama_Perú.png Summary Logo for Y se llama Perú (Peruvian political party). ... Ricardo Wong Kuoman is a Peruvian politician. ... Image File history File links Perú_Ahora. ... Luis Bernardo Guerrero Figueroa is a Peruvian politician. ... Congress (Spanish: Congreso) is the name given to Perus unicameral legislature under the current (1993) constitution. ... States of CAN The Andean Community of Nations (in Spanish: Comunidad Andina de Naciones, abbreviated CAN) is a trade bloc comprising the South American countries of Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru and Venezuela. ... Image File history File links UPP_2006. ... The Union for Peru (Unión por el Perú) is a liberal or centrist party in Peru. ... The Peruvian Nationalist Party is a political party in Peru. ... Image File history File links Partido_Aprista_Peruano. ... APRA banner The American Popular Revolutionary Alliance (APRA), today officially known as Partido Aprista Peruano (Peruvian Aprista Party) is Perus oldest and one of its best-established political parties. ... Image File history File links Unidad_Nacional. ... National Unity (Spanish: Unidad Nacional) is a Peruvian political party. ... Christian Peoples Party (in Spanish: Partido Popular Cristiano), a political party in Peru founded in 1967 by a group of Christian Democrat dissidents led by Luis Bedoya Reyes. ... National Renewal (in Spanish: Renovación Nacional), was a political party in Peru, founded in 1992 by Rafael Rey. ... Image File history File links Alianza_por_el_Futuro. ... Logo Alliance for the Future (Alianza por el Futuro) is a Peruvian political alliance formed by pro-Fujimori parties Cambio 90 and Nueva Mayoría for the 2006 national election. ... Cambio 90 (Change 90) was a Peruvian political party which only entered the political spectrum in early 1990, but by June 1991 was the most powerful political force in the nation. ... Image File history File links Frente_de_Centro. ... Logo The Center Front (Frente de Centro) is a Peruvian political coalition formed by parties Acción Popular (AP), Somos Perú (SP) and Coordinadora Nacional de Independientes (CNI) for the 2006 national election. ... The Popular Action (Acción Popular) is a conservative liberal party in Peru. ... We are Peru (Somos Perú) is a political party in Peru. ... Image File history File links Perú_Posible. ... Peru Possible (Spanish: Perú Posible) is a Peruvian political party. ... Image File history File links Restauración_Nacional. ... National Restoration (Restauración Nacional) is a Peruvian political party, that contends in the 2006 national election. ... Image File history File links Alianza_para_el_Progreso. ... Image File history File links Frente_Independiente_Moralizador. ... Independent Moralizing Front (Spanish: Frente Independiente Moralizador) is a Peruvian political party. ... Image File history File links Fuerza_Democrática. ... Image File history File links Justicia_Nacional. ... Image File history File links Movimiento_Nueva_Izquierda. ... Image File history File links Partido_Socialista_Peruano. ... Logo Socialist Party of Peru (in Spanish: Partido Socialista del Perú), a political party in Peru. ... Image File history File links Avanza_País. ... Image File history File links Concertación_Descentralista. ... Concertación Descentralista is a Peruvian electoral coalition established to contend in the 2006 national election. ... Image File history File links Frepap. ... Image File history File links Renacimiento_Andino. ... Andean Renaissance (Renacimiento Andino) is a political party in Peru. ... Image File history File links Con_Fuerza_Perú.png Summary Logo for Con Fuerza Perú (Peruvian political party). ... Image File history File links Perú_Ahora. ... Image File history File links Reconstrucción_Democrática. ... Image File history File links Proyecto_País. ... Image File history File links Resurgimiento_Peruano. ... Image File history File links Y_se_llama_Perú.png Summary Logo for Y se llama Perú (Peruvian political party). ... Image File history File links Progresemos_Peru. ...

Candidates

See: Peruvian national election, 2006 candidates Presidential tickets * Ticket officially registered under MNI, which enjoyed previous registration as a political party, but nominated by Frente Amplio de Izquierda. ...

Campaign

Main presidential candidates

• Lourdes Flores is the leader of the conservative, right-wing Unidad Nacional coalition. She is a former Congresswoman and came in third place in the 2001 presidential election. She is often targeted as the candidate of the rich and is accused by opponents of not caring about the poor. Her running mate Arturo Woodman is a well-known entrepreneur, who also led the organization of the 2004 Copa América and the 2005 U-17 World Championship.

• Alan García is the leader of left-leaning Partido Aprista Peruano and was President of Peru from 1985 to 1990. His presidency was marked by hyperinflation and an economic crisis, as well as widespread terrorist activities and isolation from the international community; however, he came in second place in the 2001 presidential election, losing in the runoff against Alejandro Toledo. Critics point to his administration as a failure to be repeated if he got elected.

• Ollanta Humala is the leader of the left-wing Peruvian Nationalist Party, but is running under the Unión por el Perú banner. He is a Lieutenant Colonel (retired) and led an uprising in October 2000 against then President Alberto Fujimori. He was pardoned by Congress following Fujimori's fall in November. He has spoken of the "refoundation" of the country in a "Second Republic" and called for the rewriting of the Constitution by a Constitutent Assembly. Opponents criticize his lack of political experience, his perceived authoriarianism and populism. He is constantly associated with his brothers Ulises and Antauro, though their etnocacerista movement is more radical than his nationalist movement. Ulises is also running for President with Avanza País; Antauro, who participated in the 2000 insurrection, is in prison, following his own brief rebellion in January 2005 against President Alejandro Toledo, but is also running for Congress.

Lourdes Flores Lourdes Flores Nano (born 1959) is a Peruvian politician and lawyer. ... National Unity Governments are coalition governments made up of all or most parties in a parliament. ... Arturo Woodman Pollit (born October 16, 1931 in Piura) is a Peruvian engineer and politician. ... The Copa América 2004 was a held in Peru, from July 6 to July 25, 2004. ... The 2005 FIFA U-17 World Championship was held in the cities of Lima, Trujillo, Chiclayo, Piura and Iquitos in Peru between 16 September and 2 October 2005. ... Alan Gabriel Ludwig García Pérez (born May 23, 1949 in Lima) was President of Peru from 1985 to 1990. ... The American Popular Revolutionary Alliance (APRA), today officially known as Partido Aprista Peruano (Peruvian Aprista Party) is a Peruvian left wing political party. ... Established in the Constitution of 1993, the President of the Republic is the Chief of the State and represents the republic in official international matters. ... Alejandro Celestino Toledo Manrique (born 28 March 1946) is the current President of Peru. ... Ollanta Humala Tasso (born June 26, 1963) is a Peruvian left-leaning nationalist politician and a Lieutenant Colonel (retired) in the Peruvian army. ... The Peruvian Nationalist Party is a political party in Peru. ... The Union for Peru (Unión por el Perú) is a liberal or centrist party in Peru. ... Alberto Kenya Fujimori (アルベルト・ケンヤ・フジモリ Aruberuto Kenya Fujimori, born in Peru on July 28, 1938), also known as Kenya Fujimori (藤森 謙也 Fujimori Kenya), was President of Peru from July 28, 1990 to November 17, 2000. ... Ulises Humala Tasso[[1]] is a professor at the Universidad Nacional de Ingeniería and a Peruvian politician who is running for president in the 2006 election on the Avanza País ticket. ... Antauro Humala Tasso is a Peruvian nationalist and former army major. ... Perus Movimiento Etnocacerista (aka Movimiento Nacionalista Peruano or Peruvian Nationalist Movement) is a group of ethnic nationalists. ... Alejandro Celestino Toledo Manrique (born 28 March 1946) is the current President of Peru. ...

Other candidates

• Martha Chávez is the candidate of the pro-Fujimori Alianza por el Futuro. She is currently a Congresswoman and was the first female President of Congress. A staunch defender of the former president, she was suspended from Congress in 2002 after corruption accusations, but was reinstated in 2005. Vice-presidential candidate Santiago Fujimori is Alberto's younger brother. As with all fujimoristas, she is criticized for defending an administration that is seen as corrupt and authoritarian.

• Valentín Paniagua is the leader of the Frente de Centro, a coalition of centrist parties. He was President of Congress before becoming the interim President of Peru (November 2000-July 2001), following the collapse of Fujimori's administration. Running mate Alberto Andrade is a former mayor of Lima (1996-2002).

• Natale Amprimo (Alianza Para el Progreso), Javier Diez Canseco (Partido Socialista) and Luis Guerrero (Perú Ahora) are current Members of Congress. Guerrero is also a former mayor of Cajamarca.

• Alberto Borea (Fuerza Democrática) is a former Deputy and Senator. In 1992, he participated in a failed coup against Fujimori, led by Jaime Salinas Sedó, whose son is Justicia Nacional's candidate, Jaime Salinas.

• Humberto Lay Sun (Restauración Nacional) is an evangelical pastor and was a member of the Truth and Reconciliation Commission, established to study the atrocities committed in the 1980s and 1990s. Running mate Máximo San Román was Fujimori's Vice-President, but split with him after the 1992 self-coup.

• Susana Villarán (Concertación Descentralista) was Minister of Women's Promotion and Social Development during Paniagua's tenure.

• Alberto Fujimori's candidacy was rejected after a ban by Congress forbidding him to hold office until 2011 was upheld.

• Ruling party Perú Posible and ally Frente Independiente Moralizador withdrew their candidates. PP's candidate Rafael Belaúnde was not a party member and clashed with the party's core over the congressional candidate list, which included some people he did not approve of. FIM's leader Fernando Olivera, quit to run for Congress, realizing his slim chances in the presidential race.

Martha Gladys Chávez Cossío de Ocampo (b. ... Alberto Kenya Fujimori (アルベルト・ケンヤ・フジモリ Aruberuto Kenya Fujimori, born in Peru on July 28, 1938), also known as Kenya Fujimori (藤森 謙也 Fujimori Kenya), was President of Peru from July 28, 1990 to November 17, 2000. ... Logo Alliance for the Future (Alianza por el Futuro) is a Peruvian political alliance formed by pro-Fujimori parties Cambio 90 and Nueva Mayoría for the 2006 national election. ... Congress (Spanish: Congreso) is the name given to Perus unicameral legislature under the current (1993) constitution. ... Valentín Paniagua Corazao (b. ... Logo The Center Front (Frente de Centro) is a Peruvian political coalition formed by parties Acción Popular (AP), Somos Perú (SP) and Coordinadora Nacional de Independientes (CNI) for the 2006 national election. ... Alberto Manuel Andrade Carmona (1943-) is a Peruvian politician, born in Lima mayor of that city 1996-2002. ... Lima is the capital and largest city in Peru, as well as the capital of Lima Province. ... Natale Juan Amprimo Pla is a Peruvian politician. ... Javier Diez Canseco is a member of the Peruvian Congress representing the party Partido Democrático Descentralista (PDD), of which he is a co-founder, he is also a candidate for president as the head of the Peruvian Socialist Party. ... Luis Bernardo Guerrero Figueroa is a Peruvian politician. ... Aerial view of Cajamarca, with Santa Appollonia hill in foreground Cajamarca is located in the northern highlands of Peru, and is the capital of the Cajamarca region. ... Alberto Borea Odría is a Peruvian lawyer and politician. ... Jaime Salinas López-Torres (born 8 March, 1963 in Lima, Peru) is a Peruvian politician, son of General Jaime Salinas Sedó. He was Justicia Nacionals presidential candidate for the 2006 national election. ... Pastor Humberto Lay Sun is an Peruvian evangelical minister of the Assemblies of God, an architect at the Universidad Nacional de Ingeniería, and a politician. ... The Peruvian Truth and Reconciliation Commission (TRC) (in Spanish: Comisión de la Verdad y Reconciliación (CVR)) was established in June 2001 to examine atrocities commited in the 1980s and 1990s, when Peru was plagued by the worst political violence in the history of the republic. ... A self-coup is a form of coup détat that occurs when a countrys leader dissolves the national legislature and assumes extraordinary powers not granted under normal circumstances. ... Susana Villarán de la Puente is a Peruvian educator, journalist and politician. ... Alberto Kenya Fujimori (アルベルト・ケンヤ・フジモリ Aruberuto Kenya Fujimori, born in Peru on July 28, 1938), also known as Kenya Fujimori (藤森 謙也 Fujimori Kenya), was President of Peru from July 28, 1990 to November 17, 2000. ... Fernando Olivera Fernando Olivera is a Peruvian politician and former leader of FIM (moralizing independent front), a Peruvian political party. ...

Highlights

• Important issues during the campaign include economic policy, unemployment, education, healthcare, drug trafficking, terrorist activities, the exploitation of the Camisea natural gas reserves, the management of ports by foreign companies, a maritime border dispute with Chile, birth control and abortion, and renewal of Congress.

• The only official presidential debate was held on May 21 between Ollanta Humala and Alan García, with journalist Augusto Álvarez Rodrich as moderator, in the National Museum of Archaeology. There were no debates before the First Round.

• In January 2006, Ollanta Humala attended a ceremony held in honor of then President-Elect of Bolivia, Evo Morales, by Venezuelan President Hugo Chávez, who publicly endorsed Humala.[3] Chávez also called Lourdes Flores "the candidate of the Peruvian oligarchy".[4] These events prompted a row between Chávez and the Peruvian government, who accused him of interfering in Peru's internal affairs. Humala later met with Brazilian and Argentine presidents Lula da Silva and Néstor Kirchner. The former had also invited Flores and García, but they declined.

• In late April, after Chávez announced that Venezuela would leave the Andean Community unless Colombia, Ecuador and Peru abandoned their plans for Free Trade Agreements with the United States, Alan García criticized him, arguing that this was equivalent to blackmail, and that it was very hypocritical, considering the amounts of oil exports from Venezuela to the US. Chávez responded by calling García "corrupt" and a "thief", and the new candidate of Peru's rich and of the US, following Flores' defeat. He also endorsed Humala again and threatened to withdraw his ambassador to Peru if García won. After accusations by García and the Peruvian government of interference in the election by the Venezuelan president, Toledo and García were called "caimans from the same well" and the former was labelled as US President Bush's "puppet" and "office boy" by Chávez. This led to the mutual withdrawal of ambassadors.[5] Interestingly, García had been the notable exception to criticism of Humala's January meeting with Chávez, in an apparent move to avoid confrontation with the latter, who could be a leftist ally in the region during his potential presidency.

• Unidad Nacional was accused of buying off candidates to pull out of the race, including Fernando Olivera, who did withdraw, and Jaime Salinas. Olivera's FIM party later showed TV advertisements directly attacking Alan García, and was ordered to stop by the National Election Jury. The ruling was not obeyed and Jorge del Castillo, Secretary General of Partido Aprista Peruano and Member of Congress, showed documents allegedly proving a secret pact between FIM and Lourdes Flores' Unidad Nacional party accounting for the attacks on García. In response, Olivera sued him for forging the documents.[6]

• A section of Unidad Nacional accused the Partido Aprista Peruano of electoral fraud, following the narrow victory of Alan García over Lourdes Flores in the race for the second runoff spot.[7]

• On April 7, just two days before the First Round, José Cardó Guarderas (Reconstrucción Democrática) and Ciro Gálvez (Renacimiento Andino) dropped from the presidential race and announced their support for Lourdes Flores' candidacy and their opposition to Ollanta Humala's. Only Cardó presented his official resignation to the National Election Jury, but his votes were still counted officially. The day before, Ricardo Wong (Y se llama Perú), who had withdrawn his candidacy before and later retracted, announced that he dropped the race in favor of Alan García. Given the proximity of the election, there were no changes to the ballot.[8]

• Ollanta Humala has been accused of torturing and killing peasants under the nom de guerre "Capitán Carlos" when he was the commander of a military base in the jungle from 1992 to 1993. Unidad Nacional was accused of buying off witnesses to testify against him. His brother Antauro has confirmed that he used that name and said that he acted "according to the rules of the Army".[9]

• In December 2005, Peru reached a deal with the United States on a Free Trade Agreement between the two countries. Some candidates, such as Ollanta Humala, opposed the agreement, others like Lourdes Flores supported it, and still others like Alan García approved parts of it and advocated for revising it. The Toledo administration announced that it would be signed after the First Round in order to avoid affecting the election's outcome[10]. The agreement was finally signed on April 12 in Washington, D.C., though it must be ratified by each country's Congress before coming into effect.[11]

• Isaac Humala, father of candidates Ollanta and Ulises, said that he would free Sendero Luminoso and MRTA leaders Abimael Guzmán and Víctor Polay, since he considers that terrorist movements no longer represent a threat to Peruvian society. This came after a letter was signed by several public figures, including Ulises and fellow candidates Javier Diez Canseco and Alberto Moreno, demanding a fair trial for Polay. Most candidates rushed to condemn Isaac Humala's comments, including Ollanta and even Ulises, whose candidacy has been openly supported by his father.[12] Around the same time, Elena Humala, the candidates' mother, claimed that homosexuals and rapists should be shot[13], which apparently prompted Ollanta to ask his parents to stop making public statements.

• In an April 4 interview with Argentine newspaper Página/12, Ollanta Humala claimed that, if Lourdes Flores were elected, she would be overthrown in less than a year.[14] Given his past uprising, this was interpreted as a coup threat, leading opponents to accuse him again of having no respect for democracy.

• Peru's only living Roman Catholic Cardinal, Juan Luis Cipriani exhorted the electorate not to fall for "messianic" candidates, in one of several tacit references to Ollanta Humala.[15]

• Minister of Justice Alejandro Tudela Chipotea announced that Antauro and Ollanta Humala would be sued for complicity with Vladimiro Montesinos. While their October 2001 uprising was publicized as an insurrection against the Fujimori administration, there have been accusations of it being staged in order to create a distraction so that the fugitive Montesinos could flee the country, which he did the same day aboard a yacht. César Mojovich, a former National Police Commissioner of Toquepala, revealed this in a TV show, and apparently there are records of calls from Montesinos to the Humala brothers' military base just hours before the uprising.[16] In mid-May 2006, Montesinos claimed that Humala's uprising was indeed a farce, though his statements have been interpreted by some as an attempt to affect the outcome of the runoff election.[17]

• Unión por el Perú's vice-presidential candidate Carlos Torres Caro has been accused of sexual harrassment by two of his former students, and of electoral fraud cover-up in 1995.[18] The presidential candidate for Proyecto País, Marco Antonio Arrunátegui, who withdrew from the race, has a pending judicial process for sexual exploitation of minors.[19]

• The National Electoral Jury admitted the failure of an Electoral Ethical Pact between the parties, given the widespread personal attacks between the candidates. Asociación Civil Transparencia, an unaffiliated citizen group, also lamented the overall tone of the campaign.[20]

• OAS and European Parliament observers denied the possibility of an electoral fraud,[21] which was suggested by Ollanta Humala, who accused the government of favoring Lourdes Flores. The OAS mission sent personnel to emergency zones in Peru, where remnants of Sendero Luminoso operate. SL called for a boycott of the election.[22]

• The election was initially going to use two separate ballots, by decision of the National Office of Electoral Processes: one for the Presidential election, the other for the Congressional and Andean Parliament elections. After the formal protest of several parties, the National Election Jury ruled that the ballots had to be merged into one.[23]

• Members of the Armed Forces and the National Police were able to vote for the first time in 180 years. Up to 50 % are eligible to vote. [24] ^video

The Camisea Gas Project is a controversial natural gas project originating near the Urubamba River in central Perú. The main pipeline begins at the Camisea Gas Field in formerly pristine Amazon Rainforest, traverses through steep Andes mountains, and terminates within the Paracas National Reserve near the port of Pisco. ... Juan Evo Morales Ayma (born October 26, 1959 in Orinoca, Oruro), popularly known as Evo (IPA: ), is the President of Bolivia, and is considered to be the countrys first indigenous head of state in over 450 years since the Spanish Conquest. ... To meet Wikipedias quality standards, this article or section may require cleanup. ... Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva (born October 6, 1945) is a left-wing Brazilian politician. ... (born 25 February 1950) is the current President of Argentina. ... States of CAN The Andean Community of Nations (in Spanish: Comunidad Andina de Naciones, abbreviated CAN) is a trade bloc comprising the South American countries of Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru and Venezuela. ... Genera Alligator Caiman Melanosuchus Paleosuchus Alligators and caimans are reptiles closely related to the crocodiles and forming the family Alligatoridae (sometimes regarded instead as the subfamily Alligatorinae). ... George Walker Bush (born July 6, 1946) is the 43rd and current President of the United States and a former governor of Texas. ... Fernando Olivera Fernando Olivera is a Peruvian politician and former leader of FIM (moralizing independent front), a Peruvian political party. ... José Cardó Guarderas is a Peruvian and was Reconstrucción Democráticas presidential candidate for the 2006 national election. ... Ciro Alfredo Gálvez Herrera is a Peruvian lawyer and politician. ... Ricardo Wong Kuoman is a Peruvian politician. ... Free trade is an economic concept referring to the selling of products between countries without tariffs or other trade barriers. ... April 12 is the 102nd day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (103rd in leap years). ... Nickname: the District Motto: Justitia Omnibus (Justice for All) Official website: http://www. ... Isaac Humala Nunez is the father of Ollanta Humala, a leading candidate in the upcoming presidential election in Peru who led a one-month uprising against President Alberto Fujimori. ... Shining Path (Sendero Luminoso in Spanish) is a Maoist guerrilla insurgent organization in Peru; followers are generally called Senderistas. ... The Túpac Amaru Revolutionary Movement or Movimiento Revolucionario Túpac Amaru (MRTA) was an insurgent guerrilla movement active in Peru from 1984 to 1997. ... Manuel Rubén Abimael Guzmán Reynoso (born 3 December 1934), a former professor of philosophy, was the leader of the Maoist insurgency that the press and many people refer to as Shining Path (Sendero Luminoso in Spanish) which has been active in Peru since the late 1970s and began... Alberto Moreno Rojas del Río (b. ... Página/12 is a left-wing newspaper based in Buenos Aires, Argentina founded in May 25, 1987 by journalist Jorge Lanata. ... A cardinal is a senior ecclesiastical official in the Roman Catholic Church, ranking just below the Pope and appointed by him as a member of the College of Cardinals during a consistory. ... Juan Luis Cipriani Thorne Juan Luis Cipriani Thorne (born in Lima, 28 December 1943) is a Cardinal Priest and Archbishop of Lima in the Roman Catholic Church. ... The Justice Minister is a cabinet position in a government. ... Vladimiro Montesinos Vladimiro Lenin Montesinos Torres (born May 20, 1945) was the long-time, powerful head of Perus intelligence service, Servicio de Inteligencia Nacional (SIN), under President Alberto Fujimori. ... The Organization of American States (OAS; OEA in the other three official languages) is an international organization, headquartered in Washington, D.C., USA. Its members are the 35 independent nations of the Americas. ... The European Parliament building in Strasbourg The inside of the building The European Parliament (formerly European Parliamentary Assembly) is the parliamentary body of the European Union (EU), directly elected by EU citizens once every five years. ... Shining Path (Sendero Luminoso in Spanish) is a Maoist guerrilla insurgent organization in Peru; followers are generally called Senderistas. ... Military branches: Army (Ejército Peruano), Navy (Marina de Guerra del Perú; includes Naval Air, Marines, and Coast Guard), Air Force (Fuerza Aérea del Perú), National Police (includes General Police, Security Police, and Technical Police) Military manpower - military age: 18 years of age Military manpower - availability: males age 15...

Opinion poll results

Presidential Election

First Round

Candidate	Nov 10-11 1	Dec 3-8 2	Jan 11-13 3	Jan 25-27 4	Feb 8-10 5	Feb 22-24 6	Mar 8-10 7	Mar 15-17 8	Mar 22-24 9	Mar 29-31 10
Ollanta Humala (UPP)	12 %	25 %	32 %	27 %	25 %	26 %	30 %	32 %	33 %	31 %
Lourdes Flores (UN)	31 %	28 %	28 %	37 %	35 %	33 %	31 %	28 %	27 %	26 %
Alan García (PAP)	19 %	18 %	17 %	16 %	17 %	22 %	22 %	21 %	22 %	23 %
Martha Chávez (AF)	N/A	N/A	2 %	5 %	6 %	4 %	5 %	7 %	7 %	7 %
Valentín Paniagua (FC)	19 %	16 %	11 %	10 %	8 %	7 %	5 %	6 %	6 %	6 %

Image File history File links UPP_2006. ... Ollanta Humala Tasso (born June 26, 1963) is a Peruvian left-leaning nationalist politician and a Lieutenant Colonel (retired) in the Peruvian army. ... The Union for Peru (Unión por el Perú) is a liberal or centrist party in Peru. ... Image File history File links Unidad_Nacional. ... Lourdes Flores Lourdes Flores Nano (born 1959) is a Peruvian politician and lawyer. ... National Unity (Spanish: Unidad Nacional) is a Peruvian political party. ... Image File history File links Partido_Aprista_Peruano. ... Alan Gabriel Ludwig García Pérez (born May 23, 1949 in Lima) was President of Peru from 1985 to 1990. ... The American Popular Revolutionary Alliance (APRA), today officially known as Partido Aprista Peruano (Peruvian Aprista Party) is a Peruvian left wing political party. ... Image File history File links Alianza_por_el_Futuro. ... Martha Gladys Chávez Cossío de Ocampo (b. ... Logo Alliance for the Future (Alianza por el Futuro) is a Peruvian political alliance formed by pro-Fujimori parties Cambio 90 and Nueva Mayoría for the 2006 national election. ... Image File history File links Frente_de_Centro. ... Valentín Paniagua Corazao (b. ... Logo The Center Front (Frente de Centro) is a Peruvian political coalition formed by parties Acción Popular (AP), Somos Perú (SP) and Coordinadora Nacional de Independientes (CNI) for the 2006 national election. ...

Hypothetical Runoff Election (polls before First Round)

Lourdes Flores Lourdes Flores Nano (born 1959) is a Peruvian politician and lawyer. ... Ollanta Humala Tasso (born June 26, 1963) is a Peruvian left-leaning nationalist politician and a Lieutenant Colonel (retired) in the Peruvian army. ... Lourdes Flores Lourdes Flores Nano (born 1959) is a Peruvian politician and lawyer. ... Alan Gabriel Ludwig García Pérez (born May 23, 1949 in Lima) was President of Peru from 1985 to 1990. ... Ollanta Humala Tasso (born June 26, 1963) is a Peruvian left-leaning nationalist politician and a Lieutenant Colonel (retired) in the Peruvian army. ... Alan Gabriel Ludwig García Pérez (born May 23, 1949 in Lima) was President of Peru from 1985 to 1990. ...

Runoff Election (polls after First Round)

Candidates	May 3-5 11	May 10-12 12	May 17-19 13	May 25-26 14
Ollanta Humala (UPP)	43 %	44 %	44 %	45 %
Alan García (PAP)	57 %	56 %	56 %	55 %

Image File history File links UPP_2006. ... Ollanta Humala Tasso (born June 26, 1963) is a Peruvian left-leaning nationalist politician and a Lieutenant Colonel (retired) in the Peruvian army. ... The Union for Peru (Unión por el Perú) is a liberal or centrist party in Peru. ... Image File history File links Partido_Aprista_Peruano. ... Alan Gabriel Ludwig García Pérez (born May 23, 1949 in Lima) was President of Peru from 1985 to 1990. ... The American Popular Revolutionary Alliance (APRA), today officially known as Partido Aprista Peruano (Peruvian Aprista Party) is a Peruvian left wing political party. ...

Congressional Election

Party	Feb 8-10 5	Feb 22-24 6	Mar 8-10 7	Mar 15-17 8	Mar 22-24 9	Mar 29-31 10
Peruvian Aprista Party	17 %	26 %	23 %	22 %	21 %	19 % (36 seats)
National Unity	22 %	22 %	20 %	18 %	17 %	16 % (25 seats)
Union for Peru	12 %	15 %	17 %	16 %	16 %	16 % (31 seats)
Alliance for the Future	6 %	6 %	9 %	12 %	11 %	15 % (15 seats)
Center Front	12 %	8 %	8 %	7 %	7 %	9 % (8 seats)
Peru Possible	3 %	4 %	3 %	4 %	6 %	6 % (5 seats)

See also

• Elections in Peru
• Politics of Peru
• Electoral calendar

Elections in Peru provides information pertaining to the election process and the results of Peruvian presidencial elections. ... The Government of Peru is in a state of ongoing democratization. ... This electoral calendar lists the national/federal direct elections in the countries listed in the list of countries. ...

External links

• "Peru Election 2006", Weblog of the University of British Columbia
• Election Guide: Peru IFES Election Guide
• Video of Garcia-Humala Presidential Debate Peruvian National Television
• "Background Q&A: Peru's Elections" March 10, 2006 Council on Foreign Relations
• (Spanish) "Elecciones 2006: Usted Decide" "El Comercio" newspaper's election coverage
• (Spanish) National Election Jury (JNE)
• (Spanish) National Election Jury's candidate search engine
• (Spanish) National Office of Electoral Processes (ONPE)
• (Spanish) Sample ballot for Lima Electoral District