The Hon. Peter Lalor MLA, Speaker of the Legislative Assembly of Victoria, 1880-1887

Peter Fintan Lalor (pronounced /ˈloːlə/) (5 February 1827 – 9 February 1889) was the leader of the Eureka Stockade rebellion, one of Australia's few armed uprisings and often characterised controversially as the "birth of democracy" in Australia. Image File history File linksMetadata Lalor. ... Image File history File linksMetadata Lalor. ... Australian English is a non-rhotic variety of English spoken by most native-born Australians. ... is the 36th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1827 (MDCCCXXVII) was a common year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian Calendar (or a common year starting on Wednesday of the 12-day slower Julian calendar). ... is the 40th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1889 (MDCCCLXXXIX) was a common year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Sunday of the 12-day slower Julian calendar). ... The Eureka Flag The Eureka Stockade was a gold miners revolt in 1854 in Ballarat, Victoria, Australia, against the officials supervising the mining of gold in the region of Ballarat. ...

Early life

Lalor was born in the family home of Tanakill, at Raheen County Laois, (then known as Queen's County), Ireland, the son of Patrick Lalor, a landowner and supporter of the abolition of tithes who held a seat in the House of Commons from 1832 to 1835 as the first Catholic MP for Queens County Ireland since the reign of James II. His mother was Anne Dillon, they had 11 sons of which Peter Fintan Lalor was one. His mother died 4 June 1835 and his father remarried Ellen Mary Anne Loughnan, no children. Patrick Lalor, MP born circa 1781 died 10 April 1856. Statistics Province: Leinster County Town: Portlaoise Code: LS Area: 1,719 km² Population (2006) 69,012 Website: www. ... A tithe is a one-tenth part of something, paid as a voluntary contribution or as a tax or levy, usually to support a religious organization. ... Type Lower House Speaker Michael Martin, (Non-affiliated) since October 23, 2000 Leader Harriet Harman, (Labour) since June 28, 2007 Shadow Leader Theresa May, (Conservative) since May 5, 2005 Members 659 Political groups Labour Party Conservative Party Liberal Democrats Scottish National Party Plaid Cymru Democratic Unionist Party Sinn Féin... is the 155th day of the year (156th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... | Come and take it, slogan of the Texas Revolution 1835 was a common year starting on Thursday (see link for calendar). ... is the 100th day of the year (101st in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... 1856 was a leap year starting on Tuesday (see link for calendar). ...

Lalor was educated at Carlton College then trained as a civil engineer at Trinity College, Dublin. He became a leader of the Irish Confederation and the 'Young Ireland' movement of 1848. [1] [2] The Falkirk Wheel in Scotland. ... For other institutions named Trinity College, see Trinity College. ...

Australia

With his brother Richard, Lalor immigrated to Australia in October 1852, arriving in the district during November 1852 he worked on the construction of the Melbourne-Geelong railway line but before long joined the Victorian Gold Rush and began mining in the Ovens Valley, and then to Eureka Lead at Ballarat. This article is about the Australian city; the name may also refer to City of Melbourne or Melbourne city centre (also known as The CBD). ... This article is about the Victorian city; the name may also refer to City of Geelong or Geelong city centre. ... The Victorian gold rush was a period in the history of Victoria in Australia between approximately 1851 and the early 1860s. ... The Ovens River at Bright Wandiligong hedge maze Tobacco crops in the Ovens Valley The Ovens River is a river in the Australian state of Victoria. ... Ballarat is a city in regional Victoria, Australia, approximately 120 kilometres north-west of Melbourne, with a population of 84,000 people. ...

Lalor led the miners' opposition to the incompetent and often brutal administration of the mines, and was elected to lead the men of the stockade, in which he was wounded and, ultimately, had his arm amputated. A warrant for Lalor's arrest for sedition was initially sought, but he was taken from Ballarat and hidden in Young Queen Hotel of South Geelong by supporters until juries had found a number of other miners involved in the stockade not guilty of sedition in May and June of 1855. The warrant for his arrest was withdrawn.

Lalor was described in the reward notice issued in 1854 as being:

"hair dark brown, whiskers dark brown and shaved under the chin, no moustache, long face, rather good looking, and is a well made man."

Legislation was passed to give miners a the right to vote; a new form of licensing of Miners Rights costing £2 per year later reduced to £1. The monthly gold tax was abolished. All miners, the three of Bentley's Eureka Hotel fire and the 114 of the Eureka Stockade Ballarat were set free including Peter Lalor, now an amputee who had been in hiding at his fiancée's Geelong home. - - Nickname: City by the Bay Geography Area: 1,240 km² Coordinates: Time Zone UTC +10:00 Population (2003) 200,067 Among Australian cities: Density: persons/km² Political Mayor: Shane Dowling Governing body: City of Greater Geelong Geelong is a port city of 200,067 people (2003 census) located on Corio...

The enormous political changes after the Eureka Stockade saw Lalor appointed to the Victorian Legislative Assembly parliament in 1855. In 1856, under the new, more democratic constitution (featuring near-universal non Aboriginal, non female suffrage) Lalor was elected to the Legislative Assembly (lower house) seat of North Grenville and in 1859 he transferred to the seat of South Grant, which he was to hold for the rest of his life. A stockade is an enclosure of palisades and tall walls made of logs placed side by side vertically with the tops sharpened to provide some security. ...

He was postmaster-general (August to October 1875) and minister for trade and customs (May 1877 until March 1880) both positions in the ministry of Sir Graham Berry from 1877 to 1879, and chairman of committees. Sir Graham Berry Graham Berry (28 August 1822 - 25 January 1904), Australian colonial politician, was the 11th Premier of Victoria. ...

As successor to Sir Charles Gavan Duffy, his most effective political post was probably that of Speaker of the Legislative Assembly of Victoria, a post he held from 1880 until 1887 until illness forced his retirement; he was awarded a retiring pension of 4,000 pounds by parliament.

Alicia Dunne living in Geelong with her parents, her uncle was Father Patrick Dunne who was chaplain of Pentridge Mission (now known as Coburg) and was moved to Geelong in 1853, she moved with him to become a teacher at St. Mary’s School. Peter Lalor's fiancée since June 1854 they married on 10 July 1855 in Geelong. On 5 May 1855 they both returned to Ballarat to bid for land on sale. Their first child was their daughter Annie born in Prahran in 1856 and their son was born at Sandridge on 18 December 1857 (Sandridge is now Port Melbourne). Annie married Thomas Lempriere in 1882 and died in 1885 of pulmonary phthisis aged 29 years, buried in the Lalor Grave at New Melbourne Cemetery; Joseph Peter became Dr Lalor and married Agnes McCormick of Dublin, Ireland. [3] is the 191st day of the year (192nd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1855 (MDCCCLV) was a common year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian Calendar (or a common year starting on Saturday of the 12-day slower Julian calendar). ... is the 125th day of the year (126th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1855 (MDCCCLV) was a common year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian Calendar (or a common year starting on Saturday of the 12-day slower Julian calendar). ... is the 352nd day of the year (353rd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... 1857 was a common year starting on Thursday (see link for calendar). ... Tuberculous lungs show up on an X-ray image Tuberculosis is an infection with the bacterium Mycobacterium tuberculosis, which most commonly affects the lungs (pulmonary TB) but can also affect the central nervous system (meningitis), lymphatic system, circulatory system (miliary TB), genitourinary system, bones and joints. ...

Late life and legacy

After a short illness, expected to be terminal by the application of Catholic anointings, Alicia died on 17 May 1887 aged 55 years. After Ann's death, Lalor took leave from Parliament to travel to San Francisco. He died 18 months later at his son's home on 9 February 1889 aged 62 years. is the 137th day of the year (138th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1887 (MDCCCLXXXVII) was a common year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Thursday of the 12-day slower Julian calendar). ... is the 40th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1889 (MDCCCLXXXIX) was a common year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Sunday of the 12-day slower Julian calendar). ...

The northern Melbourne suburb of Lalor is named for him, as is a federal electorate, the Division of Lalor, and Lalor House in Richmond where he lived. There is also a secondary school called the Peter Lalor Secondary College in Melbourne. This article is about the Australian city; the name may also refer to City of Melbourne or Melbourne city centre (also known as The CBD). ... “Suburbia” redirects here. ... Lalor is a suburb in Melbourne, Victoria, Australia. ... The Division of Lalor is an Australian Electoral Division in the state of Victoria. ... Richmond is an inner city suburb of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia. ...

His grandson, Captain Joseph Peter Lalor born 12 August 1884 at Richmond, Melbourne carried the sword of his grandfather into the Battle of Gallipoli, Turkey on Sunday 25 April 1915; he died that day aged 30 years,. He was survived by his wife Hester nee Loughrey of Hawthorn (a suburb of Melbourne). is the 224th day of the year (225th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1884 (MDCCCLXXXIV) was a leap year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a leap year starting on Sunday of the 12-day-slower Julian calendar). ... Combatants British Empire Australia British India Newfoundland New Zealand United Kingdom Egyptian labourers[1] France Senegal  Ottoman Empire Commanders Sir Ian Hamilton Lord Kitchener John de Robeck Otto von Sanders Mustafa Kemal Strength 5 divisions (initial) 16 divisions (final) 6 divisions (initial) 15 divisions (final) Casualties 252,000[2] 195... is the 115th day of the year (116th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1915 (MCMXV) was a common year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Thursday[1] of the 13-day-slower Julian calendar). ... Hawthorn is a residential suburb of Melbourne, Australia, in the state of Victoria. ...

Oath

Lalor was the author of the oath of allegiance used by the miners at the Eureka Stockade which he swore to their affirmation.

"We swear by the Southern Cross to stand truly by each other and fight to defend our rights and liberties" we also will stand to joy and fight to defend.

Wanted

A reward was placed on Peter Lalor's head for creating an uprising among the diggers at Ballarat against the police and the licence to mine and the fee that came with it.

The diggers made a stockade that was stormed by the police, and they killed up to thirty or more diggers and taking over one hundred prisoners.

References

• Serle, Percival (1949). "Lalor, Peter". Dictionary of Australian Biography. Sydney: Angus and Robertson. 
• Peter Lalor's pistol at the State Library of Victoria
• Ian Turner, 'Lalor, Peter (1827 - 1889)', Australian Dictionary of Biography, Volume 5, Melbourne University Press, 1974, pp 50-54.

Additional sources listed by the Australian Dictionary of Biography: The Dictionary of Australian Biography, first published in 1949, is a reference work by Percival Serle containing information on notable people associated with Australian history. ... The Dictionary of Australian Biography is a reference work containing information on notable people associated with Australian history. ...

W. B. Withers, The History of Ballarat (Ballarat, 1887); L. Fogarty (ed), James Fintan Lalor (Dublin, 1947); T. J. Kiernan, The Irish Exiles in Australia (Melb, 1954); Historical Studies, Eureka Supplement (Melb, 1965); C. Turnbull, Australian Lives (Melb, 1965); Parliamentary Debates (Victoria) 1856-87; Australasian, 19, 26 June 1880, 17, 24 Sept 1887, 16 Feb 1889; Freeman's Journal (Sydney), 16 Feb 1889; J. Parnaby, The Economic and Political Development of Victoria, 1877-1881 (Ph.D. thesis, University of Melbourne, 1951); G. Robinson, The Political Activities of Peter Lalor (B.A. Hons thesis, University of Melbourne, 1960); Lalor family papers (National Library of Ireland).