Pietro Martire Vermigli, known as Peter Martyr ( Events Europes population was ~60 million. (Spielvogel) January 5 - Duke Ludovico Sforza recaptures Milan, but is soon driven out again by the French. April 22 - Portuguese navigator Pedro Alvares Cabral officially discovers Brazil and claims the land for Portugal. November 11 - Treaty of Granada - Louis XII of France and... 1500- Events Earliest English slave-trading expedition under John Hawkins. The expedition goes between Guinea and the West Indies January 6 - Earl of Tyrone ends his first rebellion by surrendering to Queen Elizabeth I of England January 17 - Huguenots were recognized under the Edict of Saint-Germain March 1 - Over 1... 1562), was a Theology is literally rational discourse concerning God (Greek θεος, theos, God, + λογος, logos, rational discourse). By extension, it also refers to the study of other religious topics. History of the term The term theologia is used in Classical Greek literature, with the meaning... theologian of the The Protestant Reformation was a movement which began in the 16th century as a series of attempts to reform the Roman Catholic Church, but ended in division and the establishment of new institutions, most importantly Lutheranism, Reformed churches, and Anabaptists. Roots of the Reformation Avignon Papacy (Babylonian Captivity of the... Reformation period.

He was born at Florence (Italian, Firenze) is a city in the center of Tuscany, in central Italy, on the Arno River, with a population of around 400,000, plus a suburban population in excess of 200,000. Florence is the capital of the region of Tuscany and briefly (1865-1871) the capital of... Florence on May 8 is the 128th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (129th in leap years). There are 237 days remaining. Events 1450 - Jack Cades Rebellion: Kentishmen revolt against King Henry VI. 1541 - Hernando de Soto reaches the Mississippi River naming it Río de Espí... May 8 1500, the son of Stefano Vermigli, a follower of Girolamo Savonarola by Fra Bartolomeo, ca 1498 Girolamo Savonarola (September 21, 1452–May 23, 1498), also translated as Jerome Savonarola or Hieronymous Savonarola, was a Dominican priest and, briefly, ruler of Florence, who was known for religious reformation and anti-Renaissance preaching and his book burning and destruction of... Savonarola, by his first wife, Maria Fumantina. He owed his Christian names to a vow which his father, actuated by the death of several children in infancy, had made to dedicate any that survived to the The Dominican Order, (its formal name, Ordo praedicatorum or the Order of Preachers, is less common in English; a member is referred as a blackfriar) founded by Saint Dominic in the early 13th century, is one of the great orders of mendicant friars that revolutionized religious life in Europe during... Dominican saint, The original Peter Martyr was a 13th century Dominican saint. The name was later used by the 16th century theologian, Pietro Martire Vermigli. Categories: Dominicans ... Peter Martyr, who lived in the (12th century - 13th century - 14th century - other centuries) As a means of recording the passage of time, the 13th century was that century which lasted from 1201 to 1300. In the history of European culture, this period is considered part of the High Middle Ages. Events Fourth through eighth crusades... 13th century. Educated in the The Augustinians, named after Saint Augustine of Hippo (died AD 430), are several Roman Catholic monastic orders and congregations of both men and women living according to a guide to religious life known as the Rule of Saint Augustine. The two main branches of Augustinians comprise: The Canons Regular of... Augustinian cloister at Fiesole is a town and comune (township) of Firenze province in the Italian region of Tuscany, 43°49N 11°18E, on a famously scenic height 346 m (1140 ft) above Florence, 8 km (5 mi) NE of that city. Its population according to the 2003 census... Fiesole, he was transferred in 1519 to the convent of St John of Verdara near Tronco Maestro Riviera: a pedestrian walk along a section of the inland waterway or naviglio interno of Padua The city of Padua (Lat. Patavium, It. Padova) is the economic and communications hub of the Veneto region in northern Italy. The capital of Padova province, it stands on the Bacchiglione river... Padua, where he graduated D.D. about 1527 and made the acquaintance of the future Reginald Pole, cardinal Reginald Pole (1500 - 1558) Archbishop of Canterbury, Cardinal of the Roman Catholic Church, was the son of Margaret Pole who was the daughter of George, Duke of Clarence. The last Roman Catholic Archbishop of Canterbury, Cardinal Pole was born in Staffordshire, England in March 1500. Educated at... Cardinal Pole. From that year onwards he was employed as a public preacher at For the Italian administrative area, see Province of Brescia Brescia is a city in the region of Lombardy in northern Italy with a population of around 200,000. The city is the administrative capital of the Province of Brescia, one of the largest in Italy, with about 900,000 inhabitants... Brescia, Pisas coat of arms. This article is about Pisa in Italy. For other places of the same name, see Pisa (disambiguation). Pisa (population 90,000) is a city in Tuscany, Italy at the mouth of the river Arno on the Mediterranean. Landmarks Leaning Tower of Pisa By far the... Pisa, Venice is known for its waterways and gondolas Gondola. Venice (Italian Venezia), the city of canals, is the capital of the region of Veneto, population 274,000 (2003). The city stretches across numerous small islands in a marshy lagoon along the Adriatic Sea in northeast Italy. The saltwater lagoon stretches... Venice and The Roman Colosseum Rome (Italian and Latin Roma) is the capital city of Italy, and of its Lazio region. It is located on the lower Tiber river, near the Mediterranean Sea, at 41°50N, 12°15E. The Vatican City State, a sovereign enclave within Rome, is the seat... Rome; and in his intervals of leisure he mastered The Greek language (Greek Ελληνικά, IPA – Hellenic) is an Indo-European language with a documented history of some 3,000 years. Ancient Greek in its various forms was the language both of classical Greek civilisation and of the origins of Christianity, and... Greek and The Modern Hebrew language is a Semitic language of the Afro-Asiatic language family. What makes it unique is that the original Hebrew Bible, the Torah, that Orthodox Judaism teaches to have been recorded in the time of Moses 3,300 years ago, was written in Biblical Classical Hebrew. Jews... Hebrew. In 1530 he was elected abbot of the Augustinian monastery at Spoleto (Latin: Spoletium), 42°44N 12°44E, an ancient town in the Italian province of Perugia in east central Umbria, at 385 meters (1391 ft) above sea-level on a foothill of the Apennines. It is 20 km (12 mi) S. of Trevi and 29 km... Spoleto, and in 1533 prior of the convent of St Peter ad Aram at Alternate uses: See Naples (disambiguation) Naples (Italian Napoli, Neapolitan Napule, from Greek Νέα-Πόλις, latinised in Neapolis) is the largest town in southern Italy, capital of Campania region. The city has a population of about 1 million, and together with its suburbs, the metropolitan... Naples.

About this time he read Martin Bucer (or Butzer) (1491 - 1551) was a German Protestant reformer. He was born in 1491 at Schlettstadt in Alsace (today Sélestat, in France). In 1506 he entered the Dominican order, and was sent to study at Heidelberg. There he became acquainted with the works of Erasmus and Luther... Martin Bucer's commentaries on the For the genre of Christian-themed music, see gospel music. Gospels are a genre of ancient literature concerning the life of Jesus. The word derives from the Old English word for Good News, a translation of the Greek word ευαγγελιον, euangelion... Gospels and the Psalms (Tehilim תהילים, in Hebrew) is a book of the Hebrew Bible or Tanakh, and of the Old Testament of the Christian Bible. Because the book consists of songs or chants, a psalm can be used to mean any religious chant or poem of praise... Psalms and also Zwinglis Successor Zwinglis successor, Heinrich Bullinger, was elected on December 9, 1531, to be the pastor of the Great Minster at Zürich, a position which he held to the end of his life (1575). He did not replace Zwingli as the political head man of the canton... Zwingli's De vera et falsa religione; and his Biblical studies began to affect his views. He was accused of erroneous doctrine, and the Spanish viceroy of Naples prohibited his preaching. The prohibition was removed on appeal to Rome, but in 1541 Vermigli was transferred to Lucca (population 90,000) is a city in Tuscany, northern central Italy, near (but not on) the Ligurian Sea. It is one of the most conservative and richest cities in Northern Italy. Cattedrale San Martino, Lucca Lucca was founded by the Etruscans and became a Roman colony in 180 BC... Lucca, where he again fell under suspicion. Summoned to appear before a chapter of his order at Alternate uses, see Genoa (disambiguation). Flag of Genova Christopher Columbus monument in Piazza Aquaverde Genoa (Italian Genova (jeno-vah), Genoese Zena (zaynah), French Gênes) is a city and a seaport in northern Italy, the capital of Liguria. It has a population of ca. 700,000. Genua was... Genoa, he fled in 1542 to Pisa and thence to another Italian reformer, Bernardino Ochino (1487-1564), was an Italian Reformer, born at Siena in 1487. At an early age he entered the order of Observantine Friars, and rose to be its general, but, craving a stricter rule, transferred himself in 1534 to the newly_founded order of Capuchins. He had already become famous... Bernardino Ochino, at Florence. Ochino escaped to Coat of arms of the Canton of Geneva Coat of arms of the City of Geneva Geneva (French: Genève, German: Genf, Italian: Ginevra, Romansh Genevra, Spanish: Ginebra) is the second-most populous city in Switzerland (after Zurich), located where Lake Geneva (French: Lac de Genève or Lac L... Geneva, and Vermigli to Zürich IPA (in English often Zurich, which is also the standard French form of the name) is the largest city in Switzerland (population: 364,558 in 2002; population of urban area: 1,091,732) and capital of the canton of Zürich. The city is Switzerlands... Zürich, thence to Basel (English traditionally: Basle [ba:l], German: Basel [ba:z@l], French Bâle [ba:l], Italian Basilea [bazilE:a]) is Switzerlands third most populous city (188,000 inhabitants in the canton of Basel-City as of 2004; the 690,000 inhabitants in the conurbation stretching across the... Basel, and finally to City motto: – City proper ( commune) Région Alsace Département Bas-Rhin (67) Mayor Fabienne Keller ( UMP) (since 2001) Area 78.26 km² Population 2004 estimate 1999 census (Ranked 7th) 273,100 264,115 Density 3,375/km² (1999) Metropolitan area ( aire urbaine) Communes 182... Strasbourg, where, with Bucer's support, he was appointed professor of theology and married his first wife, Catherine Dammartin of Location within France Rhine watershed Metz is a city in the North-East of France, capital of the Lorraine région and of the département of Moselle (57). It is located at the confluence of the Moselle and the Seille. History In ancient times Metz, then known... Metz.

Vermigli and Ochino were both invited to England by Archbishop Thomas Cranmer (July 2, 1489 - March 21, 1556) was the Archbishop of Canterbury during the reigns of the English kings Henry VIII and Edward VI. Born in 1489 at Nottingham, Cranmer was educated at Jesus College, Cambridge and became a priest following the death of his first wife. By the... Thomas Cranmer in 1547, and given a pension of forty marks by the government. In 1548 Vermigli was appointed regius professor of divinity at The University of Oxford, situated in the city of Oxford in England, is the oldest university in the English-speaking world. Oxford University and Cambridge University are sometimes referred to collectively as Oxbridge. The two universities have a long history of competition with each other, as they are the two... Oxford, in succession to the notorious Dr The following men have had the name Richard Smith: Richard Smith (delegate) (1735-1803), a lawyer and New Jersey delegate to the Continental Congress. Richard Smith (editor), the former editor of the British Medical Journal. Doctor Richard Smith was also one of the many aliases used by terrorist Ramzi Yousef... Richard Smith, and was incorporated D.D. In 1549 he took part in a great disputation on the The Eucharist is either the Christian sacrament of consecrated bread and wine or the ritual surrounding it. The term Eucharist is used mainly in Catholic, Anglican, Eastern Orthodox, and Lutheran traditions, and is based upon the Greek word ευχαριστω, eucharisto, meaning to... Eucharist. He had abandoned For other people named Martin Luther see: Martin Luther (disambiguation), or here for Martin Luther King, Jr. Martin Luther (originally Martin Luder or Martinus Luther) (November 10, 1483 – February 18, 1546) was a German theologian of the Christian religion and an Augustinian monk whose teachings inspired the Protestant Reformation... Luther's doctrine of Consubstantiation is a theory which (like the competing theory of transubstantiation, with which it is often contrasted) attempts to describe the nature of the Christian Eucharist in terms of philosophical metaphysics. It holds that during the sacrament the substance (a technical philosophical term which refers to the fundamental reality of... consubstantiation and adopted the doctrine of a Real Presence conditioned by the faith of the recipient. This was similar to the view now held by Cranmer and Nicholas Ridley (died October 16, 1555) was an English clergyman. He came from a prominent family in Northumberland, and was born early in the sixteenth century. He was educated mainly at the University of Cambridge, where he received his Masters degree in 1525. Soon afterward he was ordained as... Ridley, but it is difficult to prove that Vermigli had any great influence in the modifications of the The Book of Common Prayer is the prayer book of the Church of England and also the name for similar books used in other churches in the Anglican Communion. It has been through many revisions over the last few centuries. It contains the order to be followed in church services... Book of Common Prayer made in 1552. He was consulted on the question, but his recommendations seem hardly distinguishable from those of Bucer, the effect of which is itself disputable. He was also appointed one of the commissioners for the reform of the canon law.

On the accession of the Catholic Mary I Queen of England and Ireland Mary I (February 18, 1516–November 17, 1558) was Queen of England and Queen of Ireland from July 6, 1553 (de jure) or July 19, 1553 (de facto) until her death. Mary, the fourth and penultimate monarch of the Tudor dynasty, is... Mary I of England, Vermigli was permitted to return to Strasbourg, where, after some opposition raised on the ground that he had abandoned Lutheran doctrine, he was reappointed professor of Theology is literally rational discourse concerning God (Greek θεος, theos, God, + λογος, logos, rational discourse). By extension, it also refers to the study of other religious topics. History of the term The term theologia is used in Classical Greek literature, with the meaning... theology. He befriended a number of English exiles, but had himself in 1556 to accept an offer of the chair of Hebrew at Zürich owing to his increased alienation from Lutheranism. He was invited to Geneva in 1557, and to England again in 1561, but declined both invitations, maintaining, however, a constant correspondence with Jewel and other English prelates and reformers until his death at Zürich on November 12 is the 316th day of the year (317th in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar, with 49 days remaining. Events 764 - Tibetan troops occupy Changan, the capital of the Chinese Tang Dynasty, for fifteen days. 1028 - Future Byzantine empress Zoe marries Romanus Argyrus according to the wishes... November 12 1562.

His first wife, who died at Oxford on February 17 is the 48th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. There are 317 days remaining (318 in leap years). Events 197 - Battle of Lugdunum, Roman Emperor Septimius Severus defeats his rival Clodius Albinus, securing full control over the Roman Empire. 1621 - Miles Standish is appointed as first... February 17 1553, was disinterred in 1557 and tried for Heresy, according to the Oxford English Dictionary, is a theological or religious opinion or doctrine maintained in opposition, or held to be contrary, to the ‘catholic’ or orthodox doctrine of the Christian Church, or, by extension, to that of any church, creed, or religious system, considered as orthodox... heresy; legal evidence was not forthcoming because witnesses had not understood her tongue; and instead of the corpse being burnt, it was merely cast on a dunghill in the stable of the dean of Christ Church. The remains were identified after Elizabeth I Queen of England and Ireland Queen of France, nominal title Elizabeth I (September 7, 1533–March 24, 1603) was Queen of England and Queen of Ireland from November 17, 1558 until her death. Sometimes referred to as The Virgin Queen or Good Queen Bess, Elizabeth I was... Elizabeth's accession, mingled with the supposed relics of St Saint Frideswide (c. 650 - October 19, 735) was (according to legend) daughter of the King Didan and Safrida. She founded a church near Oxford, but Prince Aelfgar of Mercia decided to marry her. She refused his advances, hiding from him in a tub in the forest. When she returned to... Frideswide to prevent future desecration, and reburied in the cathedral. Vermigli's second wife, Caterina Merenda, whom he married at Zürich, survived him, marrying a merchant of Locarno is a city located on Lake Maggiore (Lago Maggiore) in the southern Swiss canton of Ticino, close to Ascona. It has a population of about 15,000. An important film festival, the Festival Internazionale del Cinema di Locarno, takes place every year in August in the Piazza Grande. The... Locarno.

Vermigli published over a score of theological works, chiefly Biblical commentaries and treatises on the Eucharist. His learning was greater than his originality, and he was one of the least heterodox of the Italian divines who rejected Roman Catholicism. His views approximated most nearly to those of Martin Bucer.

Josias Simmler (Josias Simler, Simlerus) (1530-1576) was a Swiss theologian and classicist, author of the first book relating solely to the Alps. The son of the former prior of the Cistercian convent of Kappel (Canton of Zürich), he was born at Kappel, where his father was the Protestant... Josias Simler's Oratio, published in 1563 and translated into English in 1583, is the basis of subsequent accounts of Vermigli. The best lives are by FC Schlosser (1809) and C Schmidt (1858). See also Parker Soc. Publ. (General Index), especially the Zürich Letters; Strype's Works; Foxe's Acts and Monuments; Burnet's Hist., ed. Pocock; Dixon's History and The Dictionary of National Biography (or DNB) is a standard work of reference on notable figures from British history. Seeking to emulate national biographical collections published in separate nations of Europe, in 1882 the publisher George Smith (1824 - 1901), of Smith, Elder and Co., planned a universal dictionary which would... Dictionary of National Biography lviii. 253-256.

This entry was originally from the (Redirected from 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica) The Eleventh Edition of the Encyclopædia Britannica (1911) in many ways represents the sum of knowledge at the beginning of the 20th century. The edition is still often regarded as the greatest edition of the Encyclopædia Britannica, with many articles being up to... 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.