Petrov's Defence (sometimes spelled Petrof or Petroff) is the chess opening This image is originally from xboard. ... This image is originally from xboard. ... This image is originally from xboard. ... This image is originally from xboard. ... This image is originally from xboard. ... This image is originally from xboard. ... This image is originally from xboard. ... This image is originally from xboard. ... This image is originally from xboard. ... This image is originally from xboard. ... This image is originally from xboard. ... This image is originally from xboard. ... This image is originally from xboard. ... This image is originally from xboard. ... This image is originally from xboard. ... This image is originally from xboard. ... This image is originally from xboard. ... This image is originally from xboard. ... This image is originally from xboard. ... This image is originally from xboard. ... This image is originally from xboard. ... This image is originally from xboard. ... This image is originally from xboard. ... This image is originally from xboard. ... This image is originally from xboard. ... This image is originally from xboard. ... This image is originally from xboard. ... This image is originally from xboard. ... This image is originally from xboard. ... This image is originally from xboard. ... This image is originally from xboard. ... This image is originally from xboard. ... This image is originally from xboard. ... This image is originally from xboard. ... This image is originally from xboard. ... This image is originally from xboard. ... This image is originally from xboard. ... This image is originally from xboard. ... This image is originally from xboard. ... This image is originally from xboard. ... This image is originally from xboard. ... This image is originally from xboard. ... This image is originally from xboard. ... This image is originally from xboard. ... This image is originally from xboard. ... This image is originally from xboard. ... This image is originally from xboard. ... This image is originally from xboard. ... This image is originally from xboard. ... This image is originally from xboard. ... This image is originally from xboard. ... This image is originally from xboard. ... This image is originally from xboard. ... This image is originally from xboard. ... This image is originally from xboard. ... This image is originally from xboard. ... This image is originally from xboard. ... This image is originally from xboard. ... This image is originally from xboard. ... This image is originally from xboard. ... This image is originally from xboard. ... This image is originally from xboard. ... This image is originally from xboard. ... This image is originally from xboard. ... The first moves of a chess game are the opening moves, collectively referred to as the opening or the book. ...

1.e4 e5

2.Nf3 Nf6

Though this symmetrical response has a long history, it was first popularized by Alexander Petrov — a Russian chess player of the mid-19th century. In recognition of the early investigations by the Russian masters Petrov and Carl Jaenisch, this opening is called the Russian Game in some countries. The Petrov has a reputation of being solid. The Black counterattack in the center avoids the Ruy Lopez and Giuoco Piano and is often played by Black with the aim to draw. Symmetry is a characteristic of geometrical shapes, equations and other objects; we say that such an object is symmetric with respect to a given operation if this operation, when applied to the object, does not appear to change it. ... The Russian Federation (Russian: Росси́йская Федера́ция, transliteration: Rossiyskaya Federatsiya or Rossijskaja Federacija), or Russia (Russian: Росси́я, transliteration: Rossiya or Rossija), is a country that stretches over a vast expanse of eastern Europe and northern Asia. ... From left, a white king, black rook and queen, white pawn, black knight, and white bishop. ... The Ruy Lopez, sometimes known as the Spanish Game, is a chess opening characterised by the moves 1. ... The first moves of a chess game are the opening moves, collectively referred to as the opening or the book. ... In chess, a draw is one of the possible outcomes of a game (the others being a win for white and a win for black). ...

If White defends his attacked king pawn with 3. Nc3, Black can obtain equal chances by transposing into the Four Knights Game with 3...Nc6 or by entering the Three Knights Game with 3...Bb4.

White usually replies more aggressively with 3.Nxe5 or 3.d4.

After 3. Nxe5, Black should not continue to copy White's moves and try to restore the material balance immediately with 3...Nxe4? because after 4. Qe2 White will either win material (4...Nf6?? 5.Nc6+ wins Black's queen, and after 4...d5 5.d3 Qe7 6.dxe4 Qxe5 7.exd5 Black loses a pawn), or obtain a superior position (4...Qe7 5.Qxe4 d6 6.d4 f6 7.Nc3 dxe5 8.Nd5 Qd6 9.Bf4 Nd7 10.0-0-0 and White has a big advantage). Black usually plays 3...d6. White can make a speculative sacrifice by trying the Cochrane Gambit with 4.Nxf7?!, but more often the game follows the main line 4.Nf3 Nxe4 5.d4 d5 6.Bd3 where White will try to drive Black's advanced knight from e4 with moves like c2-c4 and Re1. White can instead force simplification with Lasker's 5.Qe2. This is generally only good enough for a draw, but Black must avoid this line if he is playing for a win. A third possibility explored by Keres is 5.c4. Emanuel Lasker (December 24, 1868 – January 11, 1941) was a German chess player and mathematician, born at Berlinchen in Brandenburg (now Barlinek in Poland). ... Paul Keres (January 7, 1916 - June 5, 1975) was an Estonian chess player (born in Narva), one of the stronger chess players of all times apart from the World chess champions. ...

Steinitz favored 3.d4. Black can capture either white pawn. After 3...exd4 4.e5 (4.Bc4 transposes into the Bishop's Opening) Ne4 5.Qxd4 d5 6.exd6 Nxd6 White has some advantage. Black's other capture is probably better, since 3...Nxe4 4.Bd3 d5 5.Nxe5 followed by 5...Nd7 or 5...Bd6 gives Black good chances. Wilhelm Steinitz Wilhelm Steinitz (May 17, 1836 - August 12, 1900), born in Prague, was the first official World Champion of chess. ... The Bishops Opening is a chess opening that begins with the moves 1. ...

Karpov, Yusupov, and Marshall have frequently played the Petrov as Black. Anatoli Karpov Anatoli Yevgenyevich Karpov (Анато́лий Евге́ньевич Ка́рпов) (born May 23, 1951) is a Russian chess grandmaster and former World Champion. ... This article is about the early 20th century chess champion. ...

The ECO code for Petrov's Defence is C42. The Encyclopedia of Chess Openings (ECO) is a book collection (now also a computer database) describing chess openings. ...