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Encyclopedia > Pfizer Inc.
Pfizer, Inc.
Type Public (NYSE: PFE)
Founded Brooklyn, New York 1849
Location New York, New York
Key people Henry A. (Hank) McKinnell Jr., CEO
David L. Shedlarz, EVP/CFO
Industry Health Care
Products Accupril®
Lipitor®
Viagra®
See complete products listing.
Revenue Image:green up.png$52.516 billion USD (2004)
Employees 122,000 (2004)
Website www.pfizer.com

Pfizer, Incorporated (NYSE: PFE), is a global pharmaceutical company based in New York City. It produces the number-one selling drug Lipitor (atorvastatin, used to lower blood cholesterol); the oral antifungal medication Diflucan (fluconazole), the long-acting antibiotic Zithromax (azithromycin), the well-known erectile dysfunction drug Viagra (sildenafil citrate), and the pain reliever Celebrex (celecoxib) Download high resolution version (1130x668, 272 KB) This is a copyrighted and/or trademarked logo. ... A public company is a company owned by the public rather than by a relatively few individuals. ... New York Stock Exchange (June 2003) The New York Stock Exchange (NYSE) is one of the largest stock exchanges in the world. ... For other meanings, see Brooklyn (disambiguation). ... 1849 was a common year starting on Monday (see link for calendar). ... Midtown Manhattan, looking north from the Empire State Building, 2005 New York City (officially named the City of New York) is the most populous city in the state of New York and the entire United States. ... ... Health care or healthcare is the prevention, treatment, and management of illness and the preservation of mental and physical well-being through the services offered by the medical, nursing, and allied health professions [1]. The organised provision of such services may constitute a healthcare system. ... Quinapril (or Accupril ®) is an ACE inhibitor used to control blood pressure. ... In medicine and pharmacology, atorvastatin (Lipitor® or atorvastatin calcium) is a member of the drug class of statins, used for lowering cholesterol and thereby preventing cardiovascular disease. ... Sildenafil citrate, sold under the names Viagra, Revatio and (in the Indian subcontinent) Caverta, is a drug used to treat male erectile dysfunction (impotence) and pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH), developed by the pharmaceutical company Pfizer. ... Revenue is a US business term for the amount of money that a company can receive from its activities, mostly from sales of products and/or services to customers. ... Green up arrow for a positive change in revenue from last fiscal year. ... This article is about general United States currency. ... It has been designated the: International Year of Rice (by the United Nations) International Year to Commemorate the Struggle against Slavery and its Abolition (by UNESCO) 2004 World Health Day topic was Road Safety (by World Health Organization) Year of the Monkey (by the Chinese calendar) See the world in... Employment is a contract between two parties, one being the employer and the other being the employee. ... The front page of the English Wikipedia Website. ... New York Stock Exchange (June 2003) The New York Stock Exchange (NYSE) , also nicknamed the Big Board, is by far the largest stock exchange in the world (by dollar volume) and second largest by number of listings. ... A pharmaceutical company (or drug company) is a company licensed to discover, develop, market and distribute drugs. ... Nickname: The Big Apple Official website: City of New York Government Counties (Boroughs) Bronx (The Bronx) New York (Manhattan) Queens (Queens) Kings (Brooklyn) Richmond (Staten Island) Mayor Michael Bloomberg (R) Geographical characteristics Area Total 468. ... In medicine and pharmacology, atorvastatin (Lipitor® or atorvastatin calcium) is a member of the drug class of statins, used for lowering cholesterol and thereby preventing cardiovascular disease. ... To meet Wikipedias quality standards, this article or section may require cleanup. ... Azithromycin is an azalide, a subclass of macrolide antibiotics. ... Sildenafil citrate, sold under the names Viagra, Revatio and (in the Indian subcontinent) Caverta, is a drug used to treat male erectile dysfunction (impotence) and pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH), developed by the pharmaceutical company Pfizer. ... Celecoxib is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) used in the treatment of osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, acute pain, painful menstruation and menstrual symptoms, and to reduce numbers of colon and rectum growths polyps in patients with familial adenomatous polyposis. ...


Pfizer's shares were made a component of the Dow Jones Industrial Average on April 8, 2004. See stock (disambiguation) for other meanings of the term stock A stock, also referred to as a share, is commonly a share of ownership in a corporation. ... The Dow Jones Industrial Average (DJIA) is one of several stock market indices created by Wall Street Journal editor and Dow Jones & Company founder Charles Dow. ... April 8 is the 98th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (99th in leap years). ... It has been designated the: International Year of Rice (by the United Nations) International Year to Commemorate the Struggle against Slavery and its Abolition (by UNESCO) 2004 World Health Day topic was Road Safety (by World Health Organization) Year of the Monkey (by the Chinese calendar) See the world in...

Contents


History

Pfizer is named after German-American cousins Charles Pfizer and Charles Erhart who launched their chemicals business Charles Pfizer and Company from a building in Williamsburg, Brooklyn in 1849. Here, they produced an antiparasitic called santonin. This was an immediate success, although it was the production of citric acid that really kick-started Pfizer's growth in the 1880s. German-Americans are common in the US. Light blue indicates counties that are predominately German ancestry. ... Charles Pfizer (1824 – 1906) was an American chemist. ... The Williamsburg Bridge connects the Brooklyn neighborhood to Manhattan Williamsburg is a neighborhood in northern Brooklyn, New York City. ... Portions of this article or section may be outdated. ... Citric acid is a weak organic acid found in citrus fruits. ...


By 1910, sales totalled nearly $3 million, and Pfizer became established as an expert in fermentation technology. These skills were applied to the mass production of penicillin during the World War II, in response to an appeal from the US government. The antibiotic was urgently needed to treat injured Allied soldiers, and it soon became known as "the miracle drug". In fact, most of the penicillin that went ashore with the troops on D-Day was made by Pfizer. Fermentation typically refers to the conversion of sugar to alcohol using yeast. ... Penicillin nucleus Penicillin refers to a group of β-lactam antibiotics used in the treatment of bacterial infections caused by susceptible, usually Gram-positive, organisms. ... Combatants Allies: Poland, British Commonwealth, France/Free France, Soviet Union, United States, China, and others Axis Powers: Germany, Italy, Japan, and others Casualties Military dead:17 million Civilian dead:33 million Total dead:50 million Military dead:8 million Civilian dead:4 million Total dead:12 million World War II... Land on Normandy In military parlance, D-Day is a term often used to denote the day on which a combat attack or operation is to be initiated. ...


By the 1950s, Pfizer was established in Belgium, Brazil, Canada, Cuba, Mexico, Panama, Puerto Rico and the United Kingdom.


During the 1980s and 1990s Pfizer underwent a period of growth sustained by the discovery and marketing of multiple successful drugs (Zoloft, Zithromax, Aricept, Diflucan, Viagra). Sertraline hydrochloride (Zoloft®, Lustral®, Apo-Sertral®, Asentra®, Gladem®, Serlift®, Stimuloton®) is an orally administered antidepressant of the selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) type. ... Azithromycin is the first macrolide antibiotic belonging to the azalide group. ... Aricept is a drug which is used in an attempt to delay the progression of Alzheimers Disease. ... Diflucan is an antifungal drug, FDA-approved, that is for treating and preventing Candidiasis in the vagina, mouth, esophagus and other parts of the body. ... Sildenafil citrate, sold under the name Viagra, is a drug used to treat male erectile dysfunction (impotence), developed by the pharmaceutical company Pfizer. ...


In 2000, Pfizer merged with Warner-Lambert and acquired full rights to Lipitor (atorvastatin), the blockbuster statin previously jointly marketed by Warner-Lambert and Pfizer. Warner-Lambert was based in Morris Plains, New Jersey where their former headquarters has now become a major base of operations for Pfizer. The Morris Plains facility is mostly used for administrative purposes. Most of Pfizer's research is done in Groton, Connecticut; Sandwich, England; Ann Arbor, Michigan; Nagoya, Japan; St. Louis, Missouri and LaJolla, California. This article is about the year 2000. ... In medicine and pharmacology, atorvastatin (Lipitor® or atorvastatin calcium) is a member of the drug class of statins, used for lowering cholesterol and thereby preventing cardiovascular disease. ... A blockbuster drug is a drug generating more than $1 billion of revenue for its owner each year. ... Lovastatin, the first statin to be marketed The statins (or HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors) form a class of hypolipidemic agents, used as pharmaceuticals to lower cholesterol levels in people at risk for cardiovascular disease because of hypercholesterolemia. ... The tone of this article is inappropriate for an encyclopedia. ... Waterfront of Groton, Connecticut looking upriver Groton is a town located on the Thames River in New London County, Connecticut. ... Arms of Sandwich Town Council Sandwich is an historic town in Kent, south-east England. ...


In 2002, Pfizer merged with competitor Pharmacia to become the largest pharmaceutical company in the world. The merger was again driven in part by the desire to acquire full rights to a blockbuster product, this time Celebrex (celecoxib), the COX-2 selective inhibitor previously jointly marketed by Searle (acquired by Pharmacia) and Pfizer. For the Cusco album, see 2002 (album). ... Pharmacia was originally a government owned Swedish pharmaceutical company. ... A blockbuster drug is a drug generating more than $1 billion of revenue for its owner each year. ... Celecoxib is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) used in the treatment of osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, acute pain, painful menstruation and menstrual symptoms, and to reduce numbers of colon and rectum growths polyps in patients with familial adenomatous polyposis. ... This article needs cleanup. ...


Sugen

Sugen was founded in 1991 in Redwood City, California as a partnership between the laboratories of Joseph Schlessinger at New York University Medical School and Axel Ullrich at the Max Planck Institute for Biochemistry (sic), and Steven Evans-Freke as a third co-founder. The focus of the enterprise was to develop drugs targeting intracellular signaling pathways to treat cancer. Pharmacia acquired Sugen in 1999, which merged with the pharmaceutical division of Monsanto in 2000 and was purchased by Pfizer in 2003. In 1999 Pharmacia took two of Sugen's compounds into man in colon cancer clinical trials: SU5416 and SU6668; the trials were discontinued, but both of these compounds were in the series that eventually led to SU11248. Sugen's laboratories were closed as part of the reorganization following Pfizer's purchase of Pharmacia. From the acquisition, the Sugen compounds SU11248 and SU11657 entered Pfizer's pipeline.[1][2]. SU11248 was approved by the FDA for treatment of GIST and RCC cancers, in January of 2006, and is now marketed as Sutent (sunitinib). The skyline of downtown Redwood City Redwood City is the county seat of San Mateo County, California. ... The New York University School of Medicine was founded in 1841, ten years after NYUs founding, as the University Medical College. ... A research institute of the Max Planck Society located in Martinsried, a suburb of Munich. ... In biology, signal transduction is any process by which a cell converts one kind of signal or stimulus into another. ... When normal cells are damaged beyond repair, they are eliminated by apoptosis. ... Pharmacia was originally a government owned Swedish pharmaceutical company. ... Monsanto Company (NYSE: MON) is a multinational agricultural biotechnology corporation. ... Image File history File links Structure (2D) of SU5416, a chemical compound discovered by Sugen Pharmaceuticals and entered into a discontinued clinical trial in man. ... Image File history File links Structure (2D) of SU6668, a chemical compound discovered by Sugen Pharmaceuticals and entered into a discontinued clinical trial in man. ... Image File history File links Structure (2D) of SU11248, a chemical compound discovered by Sugen Pharmaceuticals and later developed by Pfizer Pharmaceuticals. ... Sunitinib (marketed as Sutent, previously known as SU11248) is a small molecule receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor that is used in the treatment of gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST) as well as renal cell carcinoma (RCC). ...


Corporate governance

Current members of the board of directors of Pfizer are: Michael S. Brown, M. Anthony Burns, Robert Burt, Don Cornwell, William H. Gray, Constance Horner, William Howell, Stanley Ikenberry, George Lorch, Henry McKinnell, Dana Mead, Ruth J. Simmons, and William Steere. It has been suggested that Board of Trustees be merged into this article or section. ... Dr. Michael S. Brown (b. ... It has been suggested that this article or section be merged with William H. Gray, III. (Discuss) William Herbert Gray III (August 20, 1941-) is the president and chief executive officer of the United Negro College Fund. ... William Peter Howell (born December 29, 1869, Penrith, New South Wales. ... Henry McKinnell is the chief executive officer and chairman of the board of directors of Pfizer Inc. ... Ruth J. Simmons is Brown Universitys current and 18th president, sworn in on July 3, 2001. ...

  • Chairman, President, and Chief Executive Officer (CEO): Henry McKinnell
  • Executive Vice President (EVP) and Chief Financial Officer (CFO): David L. Shedlarz
  • Senior Vice President (SVP), Research and Development: John L. LaMattina
  • Director, Global Chemistry IT, Dr. Jeffrey Gaw.[3]

Chief Executive Officer (CEO) is the job of having the ultimate executive responsibility or authority within an organization or corporation. ... The abbreviation EVP may refer to: The Evangelical Peoples Party of Switzerland, a political party. ... CFO is usually short for Chief Financial Officer, but may also mean: Carrier frequency offset Ceramic fiber optics Chief Fire Officer Chief of Flight Operations Conselho Federal de Odontologia (cfo. ... The abbreviation SVP refers to any of the following: the Schweizerische Volkspartei (Swiss Peoples Party) the job title Senior Vice President the Südtiroler Volkspartei (South Tyrolese Peoples Party) Society of Saint Vincent de Paul, a Roman Catholic charity sil vous plait, French for Please the Society...

Products

Pfizer manufactures both pharmaceutical medications and over-the-counter consumer products. Pfizer has an annual product marketing budget of $3 billion, which was the fourth-largest in the US as of 2003. Pfizer employs 38,000 sales representatives worldwide[4].


Pharmaceuticals

The following is a list of key prescription pharmaceutical products as found on the Pfizer website, retrieved 2005-03-27. The names shown are all registered trademarks of Pfizer Inc.

Quinapril (or Accupril ®) is an ACE inhibitor used to control blood pressure. ... Donepezil, marketed under the trade name Aricept® (Eisai), is a centrally acting reversible acetyl cholinesterase inhibitor. ... Exemestane (Trade name: Aromasin®) is an oral steroidal aromatase inhibitor used in the treatment of hormonally-responsive breast cancer. ... Valdecoxib is a prescription drug used in the treatment of osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, and painful menstruation and menstrual symptoms. ... Caduet is a medication approved by the US FDA for the treatment of high cholesterol and high blood pressure. ... Irinotecan is a chemotherapy agent that is a topoisomerase 1 inhibitor. ... Celecoxib is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) used in the treatment of osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, acute pain, painful menstruation and menstrual symptoms, and to reduce numbers of colon and rectum growths polyps in patients with familial adenomatous polyposis. ... Depo-Provera Contraceptive Injection (medroxyprogesterone acetate) is the U.S. brand name of a birth control product manufactured by Pfizer Inc. ... Epirubicin is an anthracycline drug used for chemotherapy. ... Growth hormone Growth hormone is a polypeptide hormone synthesised and secreted by the anterior pituitary gland which stimulates growth and cell reproduction in humans and other vertebrate animals. ... Ziprasidone (sold as Geodon®) was the fifth atypical antipsychotic to gain FDA approval. ... Eplerenone (INN) (IPA: ) is an aldosterone antagonist used as an adjunct in the management of chronic heart failure. ... In medicine and pharmacology, atorvastatin (Lipitor® or atorvastatin calcium) is a member of the drug class of statins, used for lowering cholesterol and thereby preventing cardiovascular disease. ... Gabapentin (brand name: Neurontin®) is an anticonvulsant medication indicated in the treatment of epilepsy and neuropathic pain. ... Interferon beta-1a is a drug in the interferon family used to treat multiple sclerosis. ... Eletriptan (Relpax®) is a triptan drug developed by Pfizer for the treatment of migraine headaches. ... Reverse transcriptase inhibitors (RTIs) are a class of antiretroviral drug used to treat HIV infection. ... Tiotropium bromide monohydrate is an anticholinergic bronchodilator, marketed as Spiriva by Boehringer Ingelheim & Pfizer Inc. ... Dofetilide is a class III antiarrhythmic agent that is approved by the FDA for the maintenance of sinus rhythm in individuals prone to the formation of atrial fibrillation and flutter, and for the chemical cardioversion to sinus rhythm from atrial fibrillation and flutter. ... Voriconazole (Vfend®, Pfizer) is a triazole antifungal medication used to treat serious fungal infections. ... Sildenafil citrate, sold under the names Viagra, Revatio and (in the Indian subcontinent) Caverta, is a drug used to treat male erectile dysfunction (impotence) and pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH), developed by the pharmaceutical company Pfizer. ... Nelfinavir (Viracept®) is an antiretroviral drug used in the treatment of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). ... Latanoprost (pronounced la-TA-noe-prost) is a topical medication used for controlling the progression of glaucoma or ocular hypertension, by reducing intraocular pressure. ... Alprazolam is a drug which is a benzodiazepine derivative. ... Alprazolam is a drug which is a benzodiazepine derivative. ... Azithromycin is an azalide, a subclass of macrolide antibiotics. ... Sertraline hydrochloride (Zoloft®, Lustral®, Apo-Sertral®, Asentra®, Gladem®, Serlift®, Stimuloton®, Xydep®, Serlain®) is an orally administered antidepressant of the selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) type. ... Zyrtec Logo Chemical structure of cetirizine Cetirizine hydrochloride is a medication used for the treatment of allergies, hay fever, angioedema, and hives. ...

Over-the-Counter brands

The following is a partial list of Over-the-Counter brands manufactured by Pfizer:

Dimenhydrinate, also known by the trade names Dramamine and Gravol, is an over-the-counter drug used to prevent motion-sickness (emesis). ... Listerine is a brand name for antiseptic mouthwash, named after Joseph Lister (father of modern antiseptics). ... Cromoglicate (INN) (also referred to as cromolyn (USAN) or cromoglycate (former BAN)) is a mast cell stabilizing drug, and is commonly marketed as the sodium salt sodium cromoglicate. ... Sudafed is a brand name and registered trademark for a family of over-the-counter (OTC) decongestants based on pseudoephedrine hydrochloride and manufactured by Pfizer Inc. ... 200ml TCP bottle TCP is a mild antiseptic, produced and sold in the United Kingdom by Pfizer. ... Diphenhydramine hydrochloride (trade name Benadryl®, or Dimedrol outside the US) is an over-the-counter (OTC) antihistamine and sedative. ...

Animal Health Brands

The following is a partial list of Animal Health brands manufactured by Pfizer:

It has been suggested that Revolutionary be merged into this article or section. ... Rimadyl is a supportive treatment used by veterinarians for the relief of arthritic symptoms in geriatric dogs. ...

Legislation and Litigation

Pfizer is party to a number of suits stemming from companies it has acquired or merged with, including asbestos litigation as well as litigation stemming from its medicinal products. Fibrous asbestos on muscovite Asbestos Asbestos Asbestos (a misapplication of Latin: asbestos quicklime from Greek ἄσβεστος: a-, not; sbestos, extinguishable) describes any of a group of fibrous metamorphic minerals of the hydrous magnesium silicate variety. ... See drugs, medication, and pharmacology for substances that are used to treat patients. ...


Quigley Co.

Pfizer acquired Quigley in 1968, and the division sold asbestos-containing insulation products until the early 1970s. Asbestos victims and Pfizer have been negotiating a settlement deal which calls for Pfizer to pay $430 million to 80 percent of existing plaintiffs. It will also place an additional $535 million into an asbestos settlement trust that will compensate future plaintiffs as well as the remaining 20 percent of current plaintiffs with claims against Pfizer and Quigley. The compenstion deal is worth $965 million all up. Fibrous asbestos on muscovite Asbestos Asbestos Asbestos (a misapplication of Latin: asbestos quicklime from Greek ἄσβεστος: a-, not; sbestos, extinguishable) describes any of a group of fibrous metamorphic minerals of the hydrous magnesium silicate variety. ...


Of that $535 million, $405 million is in a 40-year note from Pfizer, while $100 million will come from insurance policies.


Bjork-Shiley heart valve

Pfizer purchased Shiley in 1979 at the onset of its Convexo-Concave valve ordeal, involving the Bjork-Shiley heart valve. Approximately 500 people died when defective valves failed and, in 1994, the United States ruled against Pfizer for ~$200 million. This article needs to be wikified. ... Grays Fig. ... 1994 (MCMXCIV) was a common year starting on Saturday of the Gregorian calendar, and was designated the International year of the Family. ...


Patients' rights legislation

Pfizer proposed a ban on all lawsuits against manufacturers of body implant parts which was proposed in the United States Congress as part of tort reform legislation. A lawsuit is a civil action brought before a court in which the party commencing the action, the plaintiff, seeks a legal remedy. ... This article needs to be cleaned up to conform to a higher standard of quality. ... Congress in Joint Session. ... The term tort reform is used by supporters of the controversial contention that reform of the American civil justice system to reduce litigations adverse effect on the economy is desirable to describe those proposed and enacted changes. ...


Research and development

Pfizer's research and development organization is headquartered in New London, CT. The company has R&D labs in the following locations: Groton, Connecticut, Sandwich, England, Nagoya, Japan, Amboise, France, La Jolla, California, Cambridge, Massachusetts, Ann Arbor, Michigan, St. Louis, Missouri. Waterfront of Groton, Connecticut looking upriver Groton is a town located on the Thames River in New London County, Connecticut. ... Arms of Sandwich Town Council Sandwich is an historic town in Kent, south-east England. ... Nagoya Castle in June of 2004. ... One of the beaches at La Jolla Cove La Jolla, California, is a seaside resort community of 24,440 within the city of San Diego. ... Nickname: City of Squares Official website: www. ... For the railroad company, see Ann Arbor Railroad. ... Nickname: Gateway City, Gateway to the West, or Mound City Official website: http://stlouis. ...


In 2004, Pfizer invested $7.68 billion in research and development, the largest investment in R&D by private biomedical research organization.


Diversity

Pfizer received a 100% rating on the Corporate Equality Index released by the Human Rights Campaign starting in 2004, the third year of the report. A report published by the Human Rights Campaign Foundation. ... HRC logo The Human Rights Campaign (HRC) is one of the largest lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender (LGBT) equal rights organization in the United States. ... It has been designated the: International Year of Rice (by the United Nations) International Year to Commemorate the Struggle against Slavery and its Abolition (by UNESCO) 2004 World Health Day topic was Road Safety (by World Health Organization) Year of the Monkey (by the Chinese calendar) See the world in...


See also

Viking Bjork is one of the men for which Pfizers Bjork-Shiley heart valve is named. ...

Notes

  1.   Pfizer (2003). Annual Review 2003. Annual Report.
  2.   Schlessinger, Joseph (2005). "SU11248: Genesis of a New Cancer Drug". The Scientist 19(7):17-24. (subscription required)

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