Phanagoria was an ancient Greek colony on the Taman peninsula between the Black Sea and the Azov, roughly on the site of modern Tmutarakan. It was the capital of Great Bulgaria between 632 and 665. It is often confused with Unogoria which was Syrmia in Danubean Pannonia. Colonies in antiquity were city-states founded from a mother-city, not from a territory-at-large. ... 1. ... Map of the Black Sea. ... Azov (Russian: ) is a town in Rostov Oblast, Russia, situated on the Don River just three kilometers from the Sea of Azov, which derives its name from the town. ... Tmutarakan is an ancient city that controlled the passage from the Black Sea to the Sea of Azov. ... In 632, Khan Kubrat united the Bulgars and formed a confederation of tribes, known as Great Bulgaria, or Bulgaria Magna, with a capital at the ancient city of Fanagoria. ... Events Abu Bakr becomes first caliph or Successor of the Prophet, leader of Islam Abu Bakr defeats Mosailima in the Battle of Akraba. ... Events Swithelm succeeded by Sighere and Sebbi as king(s) of Essex Seongnam renamed Hansanju. ... Map of the Syrmia region Syrmia (Serbian: Srem (Cyrillic: Срем), Croatian: Srijem) is a fertile region of the Pannonian plain in Europe, between the Danube and Sava rivers. ... The Danube bend at Visegrád is a popular destination of tourists The Danube (ancient Danuvius) is Europes second-longest river (after the Volga). ... Position of the Roman province of Pannonia Pannonia is an ancient country bounded north and east by the Danube, conterminous westward with Noricum and upper Italy, and southward with Dalmatia and upper Moesia. ...

In the late seventh century Phanagoria became (at least nominally) a Byzantine dependency; a Khazar tudun was nonetheless present in the town and de facto control probably rested in Khazar hands until the defeat of Georgius Tzul in 1016. The emperor Justinian II was given a house in Phanagoria by the Khazar Khagan Busir Glavan after his escape from exile in Cherson and before his return to Constantinople by way of Bulgaria. Byzantine Empire (native Greek name: - Basileia tōn Romaiōn) is the term conventionally used since the 19th century to describe the Greek-speaking Roman Empire of the Middle Ages, centered at its capital in Constantinople. ... The Khazars were a Turkic semi-nomadic people from Central Asia who adopted Judaism. ... In pre-Islamic Turkic empires, particularly those of the Gokturks and the Khazars, a tudun was a governor resident in a town or other settlement. ... Georgius Tzul (Georgeios or Georgios) was a Khazar warlord against whom the Byzantine Empire and the Kievan Rus states launched a joint expedition in 1016. ... Justinian II, known as Rhinotmetus (the Split-nosed) (669-711) was a Byzantine emperor of the Heraclian Dynasty, reigned from 685 to 695 and again from 704 to 711. ... Khagan or Great Khan, alternatively spelled Chagan, Qaqan, Khakhan, Khaghan, Kagan, Khaqan etc. ... Busir or Busir Glavan (in Greek, Ibouzir or Ibousiros Gliabanos) was Khagan of the Khazars in the late 600s and early 700s CE. In 704 Justinian II, who had been exiled at Chersones for nine years, arrived at Busirs court. ... Tauric Chersonesos, Greek Χερσονασος (Chersones, Khersones, Korsun, Russian: Херсонес) was the Greek settlement founded approximately 2500 years ago in the southwestern part of Crimean (Taurian) Peninsula. ... Map of Constantinople. ...

In the late Middle Ages the town of Matrega was built on its ruins; the site was part of a network of Genoese possessions along the northern Black Sea coast. During the fifteenth century it was the center of de Ghisolfi dominions. The Middle Ages formed the middle period in a traditional schematic division of European history into three ages: the classical civilization of Antiquity, the Middle Ages, and modern times, beginning with the Renaissance. ... Country Italy Region Liguria Province Genoa (GE) Mayor Giuseppe Pericu (since May 30, 2002) Elevation 20 m Area 243 km² Population  - Total (as of April 30, 2005) 611,476  - Density 2,571/km² Time zone CET, UTC+1 Coordinates Gentilic Genovesi Dialing code 010 Postal code 16100 Patron St. ... Map of the Black Sea. ... De Ghisolfi (also known as de Guizolfi, de Gisolfi, Guigursis, Guilgursis and Giexulfis) was the name of a Genoese-Jewish family prominent in the late Middle Ages and the early Renaissance. ...

External links

• Antique coins of Phanagoria